形容词、副词的比较级、最高级讲解及练习

形容词、副词的比较级、最高级讲解及练习

形容词、副词比较级和最高级

一、变化形式

1.规则变化：

1)加er, est:great, small, clean, fast, long

The bus runs fast.

The car runs faster than the bus.

The racing car runs fastest of the three.

2)以e结尾的直接加r: late, fine, nice, wide, large

Tom goes to school late.--Jim goes to school later than Jim.--Kate goes to school latest in her class.

3)辅音字母加y结尾的, 把y变i加er, est: busy, easy, funny,

heavy

Mr monkey is busy-Mr duck is busier than Mr monkey.-Mr

cat is the busiest of all the animals.

4)元音加辅音结尾的，双写辅音字母加er, est: sad, hot, big, red,

fat, thin Lily is sad-Lucy is sadder than lily.-Kate is the saddest in

the family.

5)其他多音节词在前面加more,the most: beautiful, careful,

difficult, delicious, tired, pleased

Which is the most important invention?I think TV is

important,I think fridge is more important than TV.-I think

computer is the most important invention.

6)有些形容词没有比较级:right, wrong, favourite

7)比较级用much, a little修饰，最高级用of, in

2. 不规则变化：

Good-better-best;bad-worse-worst;much/many-more-most;little-less-leas t;old-older/elder;far

As...as/not so ...as/not as...as This building looks not so (as) high as that one．

Ms．Sun speaks English as fluently as you．

This room is three times as large as that one.

二、比较级的用法

1. 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十than”的结构表示．例如： This pen is better than that one.

2. 表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less十原级十than”的结构表示．例如：

This room is less beautiful than that one．

3. 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等修饰．例如：

He works even harder than before．

注意：英语的比较级前如无 even，still，或 yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”，如：

She is better than she was yesterday．她比昨天好些了． Please come earlier tomorrow．请明天早点来．

注意：by far通常用于强调最高级．用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“ the”．如

He is taller by far than his brother.

He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

4. 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语)，the 十比较级(主语十谓语)”的结构．例如：The harder he

works，the happier he feels．

5. 不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构．例如：

The weather is getting warmer and warmer.

The girl becomes more and more beautiful．

6. 某些以or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用 to代替 than．(这些词有inferior，superior，junior，senior，prior等．例如： He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics．

7. 在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。

that指物，one既可指人，也可指物．that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：

The book on the table is more interesting than that on the

desk.

A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood．

8. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

A) A is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of B．例如；

The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old

one．这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍])．

B) A is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc．) as B．例如：

Asia is four times as lareg as Europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大．(亚洲比欧洲大三倍．)

C) A is three(four，etc．) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc．) than B．

例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours，

你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍．(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大．) 用 times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数．表示两倍可以用 twice或 double

三、最高级的用法

1. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“ the十最高级”的结构表示．这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语．例如：

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three．

He works (the) hardest in his class.

2. 最高级可被序数词以及 much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not

really，nothing like等词语所修饰. 例如：

This hat is by far／much／nearly／almost／not nearly／by no

means/not

quite／nothing like the biggest．

How much did the second most expensive hat coat?

3. 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最

高级，也不能用比较级．

4. 形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略．

He is the tallest(boy) in his class．

5. 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词．例如

0f all the boys he came(the) earliest．

比较级、最高级练习

一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：

1. nice ______________________

2. fat ____________________

3. slow

_____________________

4. dry ____________________

5. happy ____________________

6. wet

____________________

7. much ____________________ 8. ill _____________________9. little

_____________________

10. bad ___________________11. thin ______________________ 12.

far

____________________

13. early _____________________ 14. careful_________________ 15. exciting ___________________

16. busy __________________

二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：

1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall)

than

Fred.

2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.

3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming

looks

_______(fat) than before .

4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?

5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?

-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling? --

She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much _______(short)

than Sally.

She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.

6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______

(bad) at

Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.