初中英语 牛津上海版九年级上Unit1知识点及语法点

I.现在完成时的概念。

G9 GRAMMAR 现在完成时①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has been ill for three days. （她病了三天了。

）②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children. （我们从小就认识。

）I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.II.构成：”助动词have, has + 过去分词”注：规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去是相同，不规则动词的过去分词见附表。

练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

1.I have done my homework.否定句：一般疑问句：回答：2.The plane has arrived.否定句：一般疑问句：回答：III.现在完成时用法归纳1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。

(此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词)如：The plane has arrived.常用的时间状语和副词：already (已经) 用于肯定句中，位置比较灵活，但通常放在have/ has 与过去分词之间如：I have already done my homework.yet (还，仍然，已经) 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。

如：Has she finished cooking yet? 他做完饭了吗？练：I have already done my homework. (变为否定句) ever (曾经)，句中，多用于疑问句如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?never (从不) ，本身否定；before (以前)，句尾，独立用；just (刚刚)，用于肯定句中，常用在助动词和过去分词之间。

如：I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。

U1 Penfriends重点词汇重点词汇拓展11.corner n.角；角落on the corner 在拐角处（外边）in the corner 在角落里（里边）at the corner 在角尖12.tell, speak, say, talk的辨析tell sb. sth./ tell sb. to do sth.speak+语言/ speak to sb.say sth./ say sth. to sb.talk with sb./ talk to sb./ talk about sth.13.friendly adj.友善的★以-ly 结尾的形容词likely, lonely, costly, yearly, lovely等14.hope VS wishhope v./ n.希望hope to do sth./ I hope thatwish v./n.希望wish (sb.) to do sth./ wish sb. sth.【课堂小练】I.在下列句子中填入适当单词，首字母已给出1. She came second in the 200 m_______________.2. Is there a u_______________ in this town? I saw a lot of students here.3. Winter is my favourite season. I plan to go s_______________ with my parents this weekend.4. His poems were published under the t_______________ of Love and Reason.5. Tom like maths best of all the s_______________.6. She’s t_______________ and thin with light brown hair.7. He is k_______________ on computer games. I’m sure he must be playing at home now.8. He was taken to the hospital d_______________ the night.II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. He wants to be an _______________ in the future. (account)2. Please return the completed form, _______________ a recent photograph. (enclose)3. I’m the _______________ of this new bicycle. (own)4. December is the _______________ month of the year. (twelve)5. Write your address in the top-right hand _______________ of the letter. (corner)6. She was one of the _______________ tennis players of her generation（一代）. (better)7. I heard the musician _______________ the violin in her room. (play)8. There are two changes in the world, _______________ change and chemical change. (physics)Phrases:1.would like to be your penfriend 想成为你的笔友2.their favorite sports 他们最喜爱的运动3.the date under the address 地址下面的日期4.a signature at the end 在末尾的签名5.write to the girl 给这个女孩写信6.want to be your penfriend 想成为你的笔友7.one and a half meters tall 一米五高8.My hobby is playing chess. 我的爱好是下棋。

牛津上海版九年级上册语法知识汇总目录一、现在完成时 (1)二、被动语态 (7)三、副词 (11)四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 (21)五、条件状语从句 (28)六、动词不定式和动名词的句法功能比较 (30)七、形容词的用法 (41)一、现在完成时I.现在完成时的概念。

①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has been ill for three days. （她病了三天了。

）②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children. （我们从小就认识。

）I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.II.构成：”助动词have, has + 过去分词”现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以work为例）：注：规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去是相同，不规则动词的过去分词见附表。

练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

1. I have done my homework.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________回答：_________________________________________2. The plane has arrived.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________回答：_________________________________________III.现在完成时用法归纳1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。

(此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词)如：The plane has arrived.常用的时间状语和副词：already (已经) 用于肯定句中，位置比较灵活，但通常放在have/ has 与过去分词之间如：I have already done my homework.yet (还，仍然，已经) 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。

牛津上海版九年级英语上册全册知识点归纳Unit One Ancient Greece单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. come down the stairs2. go up the stairs3. no longer4. look down at5.beyond the empty plain6. capture the city7. sail away8. take sth. with sb.9. outside the main gate10. a huge (giant) wooden horse11. pull sth.12. obey orders13. drag sth.14. with ropes15. all the citizens16. make jokes about17. make sure18. be securely locked19. including sb. / sth.20. except for21. wait for another hour22. in the darkness23. enter the city24. seize the captain25. by doing sth.26. succeed in doing sth.重点句型1. Outside the main gates of the city stood a huge wooden horse.2. You have to obey orders.3. The Trojans made sure all the gates of the city were securely locked, and they all went to sleep, including the gate guards.4. By midnight, the square was empty, except for the giant horse.5. In one night, they succeeded in capturing it through a trick.6. The Greeks have tried for ten years to capture our city.7. The wooden horse is so big that they can’t take it with them.8. No guards stopped them as they opened the main gates.9. The Greek Army had returned in the darkness when the citizens were celebrating inside.语法The present perfect tenseEg. They have just / already gone. / She has not gone yet.Have you ever visited China?Yes, I have. / No, I have never visited it.I have been here since 1998.She has been there for an hour.Unit Two Traditional skills单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. be of average height2. be fit3. catch fish4. be strong enough to do sth.5. control the raft6. be good at doing sth.7. be used to do sth.8. push sb. / sth.9. up to10. require… to do sth.11. in the late afternoon12. set off13. reach the right place14. tie sth.around…15. enable sb. to do sth.16. bring back17. remove sth. from…18. a traditional Chinese skill19. be interested in doing sth.20. a fishing rod重点句型1. Damin sits on the side of the river cooking a meal, with a large bird on his head.2. He is thin, and of average height, but he is very fit.3. Although he is an elderly man, he is strong enough to control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his cormorants.4. They can dive down 25 meters, and stay underwater for up to two minutes.5. Damin’s fishing trips often begin in the late afternoon.6. He sets off on his bamboo raft with his birds.7. He ties a piece of grass around the neck of each bird, so that it cannot swallow the fish.8. Later some of the fish are sold, and the rest are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.9. In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant fishermen in the world.10. The light enables Damin to see better and also attracts the fish.语法1. Passive voice (1)Eg. Some of the fish are sold by Damin’s wife.The picture is / was / will be painted / sold in China.The pictures are / were / will be painted / sold in China.Unit Three Pets单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. be allowed to do sth.2. lots of reasons for…3. be really cute4. pick up5. hold…in one’s arms6. learn about… from…7. play with8. take care of9. care for10. respect all living things11. love sb. faithfully12. in one’s opinion13. create a lot of mess14. need to be done15. take sb. for a walk16. as a result17. bark at18. frighten sb.19. stop sb. from doing sth.20. a small number of21. what’s more22. have no choice but to do sth.23. make sb. do sth.24. be extremely unhappy重点句型1. It’s nice to pick them up and hold them in our arms.2. Young people can learn how to care for others and how to respect all living things by keeping a pet dog.3. As a result, these dogs create a lot of mess on the streets and in parks.4. They always need fresh air and large open spaces where they can run free.5. I think that having a pet dog can change a person’s life.6. It’s wonderful to see them growing up quickly.7. According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people.8. Paying for dog food and visiting the vet can be expensive.语法1. Passive voice (2)The work can be finished in a week.The work cannot be finished in a week.Can the work be finished in a week?2. Using adverbsA dog will love you faithfully for many years.The dog became extremely unhappy.Luckily, the animal shelter saved the poor dog in time.Unit Four Computers单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. smaller and smaller2. be the size of…3. be small enough to do sth.4. a bar of chocolate5. be unaware of6. depend on7. common knowledge8. super calculators9. electronic brains10. the answer to…11. for the time being12. raise some questions 13. spend one’s lives14. recognize one’s voice 15. obey one’s commands16. millions of pages 17. contain pictures, videos and sounds18. read about19. a video of him20. more popular重点句型1. Other kinds of computers are so tiny that you may be unaware of them.2. It is common knowledge that computers are super calculators.3. However, one day computers may be able to do most things that a human brain can do and even do them better.4. You can buy a program which helps the computer recognize your voice.5. Many of today’s computers have CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drives.6. For example, you can use your computers to read about a famous person from history and you can see a photograph or video of him or her, and even listen to them speaking.7. Since then computers have become smaller and smaller.8. Desktop computers are the size of televisions.9. Palmtop computers are small enough to put it in your pocket like a bar of chocolate.10. There is probably a computer inside your TV, telephone, or washing machine.11. You probably depend on computers more than you realize.12. More importantly, computers can operate railways and fly aeroplanes and spaceships.13. Computers may be better than doctors at doing their job.14. What will happen to us if computers can do our jobs?15. You do not even need to know how to type.语法parison of adjectivesIn the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars.These new chairs are more comfortable than the old ones.Simon is the tallest boy in our class.This is the most intelligent robot I have ever seen.2. Comparison of adverbsPhilip sings more beautifully than you do.Eric completed the science test (the) most quickly in our class.Tom can jump higher than David.Plants live the longest of all things on the earth.Unit Five The human brain单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. a feature about memory2. agree to do sth.3. a short-term memory4. a long-term memory5. tell a joke6. lose one’s memory7. be essential for…8. a programme on television9. injure one’s brain10. be angry with11. one basic way of doing sth.12. improve one’s memory13. in one’s mind14. the correct order15. play cards16. be connected with17. something dramatic18. the opening ceremony19. some amazing stories20. go wrong重点句型1. When people get old, their short-term memory becomes weaker, but they can still remember things that happened a long time ago.2. I saw a programme on television about a man who had had an accident and injured his brain.3. An easy way to do this is to imagine there is a ‘mile’ between the first letter and the last letter.4. He remembered the correct order of 2704 playing cards, after seeing them just once.5. Most people in China can remember where they were when the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing in 2008.6. I can’t remember what the other two things are.7. One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method.8. In the Guinness Book of Records, we can find some amazing stories about memory.9. If you want to memorize something, you should make a picture in your mind.语法Adverbial clauses (2)1.If you cool water, it turns into ice.2. What will you do if you fail the driving test?If you pass the driving test, what will you do?3. I won’t buy a car if I fail the test.4. Unless you keep ice cream in a freezer, it melts.5. You will be late for school unless you leave now.You will be late for school if you don’t leave now.Unit Six Detectives单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. an article on…2. interview sb.3. deal with a case4. live alone5. purchase sth. for 200 dollars6. show sth. to sb.7. in the safe8. report the theft9. look for clues10. a black pearl earring (necklace) 11. be spotlessly clean12. deny doing sth.13. jump to conclusion14. steal sth. from sb.15. no longer16. break into17. question sb.18. in the end19. admit doing sth.20. make sure21. go to jail22. instead of23. be behind bars24. protect the innocent25. find the guilty重点句型1. To get information, she interviewed Detective Ken.2. Let me tell you about a recent case that I dealt with.3. My job is to protect the innocent as well as find the guilty.4. You say (that) you like being a detective5. I noticed that Jill was wearing a black pearl necklace.6. I decided what to do next.7. The insurance company would pay him 300,000 dollars if the vase was stolen.8. That’s why I like being a detective.语法Infinitives1. Pansy wanted to get information for her article.2. Mr Jones expected the insurance company to pay him 300,000 dollars for the vase.3. I decided what to do next.4. Ken has got the ability to be a great detective.5. Pancy made a promise to write an article on detectives.Unit Seven Escaping from kidnappers单词（见课文后的word box）词组1. comic strip2. think of a plot3. with an exciting finish4. something new5. strong personalities6. a line of text7. sound effect8. add…to…9. make…more interesting10. come to life11. be mainly told12. escape from13. burst out doing…14. without borders重点句型1. The first thing to do when creating a comic strip is to think of a plot.2. It needs to be funny or dramatic with an exciting finish.3. It should be full of action to keep the reader interested.4. Some frames can be left without borders to add variety.语法Using adjectives1.He was a plump, middle-aged man.2.He had thinning , black hair, and a little moustache.3.She looks happy.4.It is easy to draw cartoons.5.Frame sizes varied to make the strip more interesting.6.It should be full of action to keep the reader interested.。

Unit 1 Wise men in history(1)第一课基础知识点一、★必记单词golden adj. 金的；金色的Olympics n. [pl.]奥运会agreement n. 同意；应允pot n. 罐doubt v. 不能肯定；对……没把握real adj. 真的；正宗的truth n. 真相；实情seem v. 好像；似乎solve v. 解决；处理fill v. 装满；注满bowl n. 碗；盆brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的metal n. 金属certain adj. 确定的；肯定的prison n. 监狱；牢狱hit v. (hit，hit)(用手或器具)击；打correct adj. 准确无误的；正确的mistake n. 错误less det.（与不可数名词连用）较少的；更少的二、★常考短语in ancient Greece 在古希腊(be) happy with （对某人或事物）满意的= be pleased/satisfied withfill…with…用……把……装满think about = consider 考虑；思考be filled with=be full of 充满；装满run over 溢出go straight to “直奔，直接去……”each other 互相；彼此ask sb for sth 向某人要某物one…the other…一个…另一个…send sb to prison 把某人关进监狱tell the truth 说实话make sure 确保；设法保证something else 别的东西both…and… ……和……都……pay attention to (to为介词）leave sb alone 不打扰某人；不惊动某人（leave me alone）not…any longer=no longer send sth to sb-=send sb.sth 把某物寄/送给某人be made of +看得见的原材料由……制成cut ……up 切割开；切碎be made from +看不见的原材料由……制成take……off 领走；带走；使……离开be made by + sb. 被某人制成at the beginning of 在……的开头三、常用句型：1.as…as one can 尽可能，相当于as……as possible2.hit sb. in/on +the +身体部位，打某人的某个部位（身体部位较硬或凸起，用on；部位较软或下凹，用in）3.one of the+adj最高级+可数名词复数最……的……之一4.try to do sth.试图做某事，尽力做某事5.it is believed that ……6. be （not）allowed to do sth （不）被允许做某事7.get……to do sth 让/使……做某事8.start to do sth 开始做某事四、辨析Eg:who else will go with us? Where are the other students?I have two pens,one is red,and the other is blue.3.辨析：discover与invent这两个词都用作及物动词，都指人们首先见到新鲜事物，但含义不同。

牛津上海版初中英语各单元知识点汇总Unit 1 My Friends and I1.介绍自己和他人-姓名、年龄、家庭情况、兴趣爱好等介绍自己-描述别人的外貌、特点和兴趣爱好-用适当的形容词描述人的性格、外貌等2.谈论日常活动-描述日常活动和时间安排-谈论最喜欢和不喜欢的活动-询问他人的日常活动和喜好Unit 2 My School Life1.谈论学校和学习-介绍学校和学生-描述学校设施和周围环境-谈论课程和教师-询问他人的学校和学习情况2.自述学习习惯和反思-描述自己的学习习惯和方法-谈论自己的学习困难和解决方法-做学习计划和目标-给他人学习建议和鼓励Unit 3 At Home1.描述家庭和住所-描述自己的家庭成员和住所-谈论家庭活动和责任分工-询问他人的家庭和住所情况2.谈论房间和家居用品-描述自己的房间和家居用品-谈论喜欢和不喜欢的房间和家具-询问他人的房间和家居用品情况Unit 4 Out and About1.指路和交通方式-描述如何去其中一地方-描述不同的交通方式-询问他人如何到达其中一地方2.谈论购物和交易-描述购物的地点和方式-询问商品的价格和数量-谈论交易的方式和经验Unit 5 Food and Drinks1.描述食物和饮品-描述不同种类的食物和饮品-询问食物和饮品的口味和偏好-谈论不同的饮食习惯和习惯-谈论对食物和饮品的看法和建议2.谈论饮食习惯和健康-描述自己的饮食习惯和健康问题-谈论健康生活方式和饮食习惯Unit 6 Hobbies1.介绍兴趣爱好和活动-描述自己和他人的兴趣爱好和活动-询问他人的兴趣爱好和活动2.谈论喜欢的体育运动-谈论自己喜欢的体育运动和运动员-询问他人喜欢的体育运动和运动员-谈论体育运动的好处和意义Unit 7 Holidays1.描述假期活动和旅行-描述过去和将来的假期活动-描述旅行的目的地、交通方式和活动-询问他人的假期活动和旅行计划2.谈论文化活动和习俗-描述不同的文化活动和习俗-谈论自己参与过的文化活动和习俗-询问他人的文化活动和习俗Unit 8 In Town1.描述城市景点和地标-描述自己所在的城市景点和地标-谈论旅游的经历和感受-询问他人所在城市的景点和地标2.指导他人如何参观和游玩-描述参观和游玩的流程和方式-给他人参观和游玩的建议和指导-询问他人参观和游玩的经验和意见Unit 9 Weather1.描述天气和季节-描述不同季节的天气和气候-谈论喜欢和不喜欢的天气和季节-询问他人所在地和将要去的地方的天气情况2.谈论天灾和自然现象-描述不同的天灾和自然现象-谈论对天灾和自然现象的了解和防范Unit 10 Out in Nature1.谈论动物和植物-描述不同种类的动物和植物-询问动物和植物的特点和习性-谈论对动物和植物的保护和关注2.描述户外活动和自然景观-描述自己喜欢和参与过的户外活动和自然景观-询问他人喜欢和参与过的户外活动和自然景观。

G9 GRAMMAR现在完成时I.现在完成时的概念。

①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has been ill for three days. （她病了三天了。

）②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children. （我们从小就认识。

）I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.II.构成：”助动词have, has + 过去分词”现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以work为例）：注：规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去是相同，不规则动词的过去分词见附表。

练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

1. I have done my homework.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________回答：_________________________________________2. The plane has arrived.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________回答：_________________________________________III.现在完成时用法归纳1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。

(此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词)如： The plane has arrived.常用的时间状语和副词：already (已经) 用于肯定句中，位置比较灵活，但通常放在have/ has 与过去分词之间如： I have already done my homework.yet (还，仍然，已经) 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。

Unit1 wise men in history 读：读《阿基米德和金王冠》这个故事。

听：听一段关于古代奥运会的广播节目。

语法：学会怎样使用附加疑问成分。

了解不同类型的句子。

说：学会如何寻求同意或证实。

学会复述故事。

写：学会如何改进你的写作。

A.短语归纳1.ask for 请求；要求2.at first=at the beginning 起初3.(be)happy/pleased with （对某人或某物）满意的4.be amazed at… 对……惊讶5.make surebe certain 确保；；确定be sure6.be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料）be made from 由……制成（不能看出原材料）7.send sth. to sb.=send sb. sth. 把某物寄/送给某人8.find out 查出look for 寻找9.watch out=look out=be careful 小心10.let sb. out 让某人出去11.take……off 领走；带走；使……离开12.go down 下沉；沉没13.write down 写下；记下14.add up 把……加起来15.hold up 举起16.cut…up 切碎17.get into 进去；陷入18.run over 溢出19.put…into… 将……注入……20.fill…with… 用……把……装满be filled withbe full of 充满……21.get out of 从……出来；摆脱，逃避22.pay attention to 注意23.take part in 参加24.take a look at=have a look at 看一看25.take care of=look after 照看；照顾26.keep quiet 保持安静27.tell the truth 说实话28.cut…in half 把……切成两半29.dress as 打扮成……的样子30.leave sb. alone 不打扰别人31.a small amount of 少量的32.as…as one can=as…as possible 尽可能……33.both…and… ……和……都not only…but also… 不仅……而且……34.the same…as… 与……一样……35.each other 相互；彼此36.end with 以……结束37.not…any longer=no longernot…any more=no more 不再38.in the future在未来in future 今后，从今以后39.the next day 第二天40.the weight of… ……的重量41.have/take a try 试一试42.on the side of 在……的一面B.句型归纳1.try to do sth. 尽力做某事doing sth. 试着做某事2.love/like to do sth.doing sth.3.begin/start to do sth.doing sth.4.see sb./sth. do sth 看见某人/物做了某事doing sth. 看见某人/物正在做某事ed to do sth. 过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事6.ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事7.want to do sth. 想要做某事8.be (not) allowed to do sth. (不)被允许做某事9.let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事10.one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数最……的之一11.what’s wrong with sb./sth.?what’s the matter with sb./sth.? 某人/某物怎么了12.It is believed that… 人们相信……C.语法1.反意疑问句1)反意疑问句的构成2)反意疑问句的答语3)反意疑问句的特殊用法2.句子类型1)陈述句2)疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句Unit2 Great minds读：读一个关于爱因斯坦和他的司机的小故事。

Unit 1 Wise men in history(1)第一课基础知识点一、★必记单词golden adj. 金的；金色的 Olympics n. [pl.]奥运会agreement n. 同意；应允 pot n. 罐doubt v. 不能肯定；对……没把握 real adj. 真的；正宗的truth n. 真相；实情 seem v. 好像；似乎solve v. 解决；处理 fill v. 装满；注满bowl n. 碗；盆 brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的metal n. 金属 certain adj. 确定的；肯定的prison n. 监狱；牢狱 hit v. (hit，hit)(用手或器具)击；打correct adj. 准确无误的；正确的 mistake n. 错误less det.（与不可数名词连用）较少的；更少的二、★常考短语in ancient Greece 在古希腊(be) happy with （对某人或事物）满意的 = be pleased/satisfied withfill…with…用……把……装满 think about = consider 考虑；思考be filled with=be full of 充满；装满 run over 溢出go straight to “直奔，直接去……” each other 互相；彼此ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 one…the other…一个…另一个…send sb to prison 把某人关进监狱 tell the truth 说实话make sure 确保；设法保证 something else 别的东西both…and………和……都…… pay attention to (to为介词）leave sb alone 不打扰某人；不惊动某人（leave me alone）not…any longer=no longer send sth to sb-=send sb.sth 把某物寄/送给某人be made of +看得见的原材料由……制成 cut ……up 切割开；切碎be made from +看不见的原材料由……制成 take……off 领走；带走；使……离开be made by + sb. 被某人制成 at the beginning of 在……的开头三、常用句型：1.as…as one can 尽可能，相当于as……as possible2.hit sb. in/on +the +身体部位，打某人的某个部位（身体部位较硬或凸起，用on；部位较软或下凹，用in）3.one of the+adj最高级+可数名词复数最……的……之一4.try to do sth.试图做某事，尽力做某事5.it is believed that ……6. be （not）allowed to do sth （不）被允许做某事7.get……to do sth 让/使……做某事 8.start to do sth 开始做某事四、辨析1.辨析：win与beat2.辨析：else与otherEg:who else will go with us? Where are the other students?I have two pens,one is red,and the other is blue.3.辨析：discover与invent这两个词都用作及物动词，都指人们首先见到新鲜事物，但含义不同。

M19A Unit1-Unit4⼀、词汇Words⼆、重难点。

重点：⼀）词汇1.look的其它常⽤搭配：look down俯瞰look at朝……看look for寻找look after照顾look up查看；抬头看look forward to期盼2.have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示⾮主观意愿。

当⽤于否定和疑问句时，要⽤助动词do。

3.except for与except，besides,except that的⽤法⽐较4.fit adj.健康的【近义】healthy strong adj.强壮的【知识拓展】fitness n.健康5.elderly adj.过了中年的，稍⽼的【指点迷津】elderly,old,aged这些形容词都表示年纪迟暮的或⽣活经历多的，但是侧重各有不同。

(1)elderly⽤来形容⼀个⼈处于中年和⽼年之间。

(2)old表示“年迈的”(3)aged强调⽼龄，通常意味着体弱。

6.require v.需要，要求；命令【近义】need v.需要order v.命令，要求【知识拓展】requirement n.需求，要求，必要条件7.hang v.悬挂；垂下【知识拓展】hang——hung——hung悬挂hang——hanged——hanged上吊；绞死8.enable v.使……能够【常⽤搭配】enable sb.to do sth.使某⼈有能⼒做某事e.g.A bird’s wings enable it to fly.⻦的翅膀使⻦能⻜。

9.remove v.移动，迁移【近义】take away拿⾛；取⾛10.set off出发，动身=set out=start11.be interested in sth.对……感兴趣【指点迷津】interesting,interestedinteresting表示“有趣的”，指⼈或事物本身是有趣的，⽽interested表示“感兴趣的”，⼀般指⼈对某事物、某⼈感兴趣，常⽤⼈做主语，可构成固定搭配be interested in。

牛津英语9年级上册Unit1-Unit4知识点及语法点M19A Unit1-Unit4、词汇Words、重难点。

重点：）词汇1.look的其它常?搭配：look down俯瞰look at朝……看look for寻找look after照顾look up查看；抬头看look forward to期盼2.have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示?主观意愿。

当?于否定和疑问句时，要?助动词do。

3.except for与except，besides,except that的?法?较4.fit adj.健康的【近义】healthy strong adj.强壮的【知识拓展】fitness n.健康5.elderly adj.过了中年的，稍?的【指点迷津】elderly,old,aged这些形容词都表示年纪迟暮的或?活经历多的，但是侧重各有不同。

(1)elderly?来形容?个?处于中年和?年之间。

(2)old表示“年迈的”(3)aged强调?龄，通常意味着体弱。

6.require v.需要，要求；命令【近义】need v.需要order v.命令，要求【知识拓展】requirement n.需求，要求，必要条件7.hang v.悬挂；垂下【知识拓展】hang——hung——hung悬挂hang——hanged——hanged上吊；绞死8.enable v.使……能够【常?搭配】enable sb.to do sth.使某?有能?做某事e.g.A bird’s wings enable it to fly.?的翅膀使?能?。

9.remove v.移动，迁移【近义】take away拿?；取?10.set off出发，动身=set out=start11.be interested in sth.对……感兴趣【指点迷津】interesting,interestedinteresting表示“有趣的”，指?或事物本身是有趣的，?interested表示“感兴趣的”，?般指?对某事物、某?感兴趣，常??做主语，可构成固定搭配be interested in。

初中英语⽜津上海版九年级上Unit1知识点及语法点U11. luck n. 运⽓Wish you good luck！祝你好运！lucky adj. 好运的；幸运的He is lucky to pass all the tests.他很幸运通过了所有的考试luckily adv. 幸运地Luckily，he passed all the tests.幸运的是，他通过了所有的考试。

2.history n. I can use my computer to learn about a famous person from history.我在电脑上可以读到某个历史名⼈的⽂章。

historical adj. 历史的；历史上The Great Wall is a famous historical place in the world.3.at a time = each time; on each occasion 每次The doctor asked my mother to take medicine three times a day and two pills at a time.医⽣让我妈妈每天服药三次，每次两⽚。

4. disappear vi. ：become impossible to see消失appear vi. 出现5. no longer= not… any longer不再My father gave up smoking . He is no longer a smoker.⽗亲戒烟了。

他不再是烟民了。

=My father gave up smoking. He is n’t a smoker any longer.He broke his leg and could no longer walk.他把腿摔断了，不能再⾛了。

=He broke his leg and could not walk any longer.6. go up the stairs= go upstairs上楼7. seconds later = moments later , after a while 不⼀会⼉Seconds later, she finished making rice dumplings.不⼀会⼉，她就包好了粽⼦。

Unit 1 Know yourself 知识点汇总一、词组、短语归纳Welcome to the unit1.It says 上面写着，上面显示2.eat up 吃光，吃完（use up 用完，用尽）3.be well organized 很有条理的4.keep … in good order 使……保持井然有序（in order 按顺序）5.show off 炫耀 ,卖弄6.show sb around sp 带领某人参观某地7.show sb the way to 给某人指到某地的路8.show no interest in 对……毫不感兴趣9.repeat grammar rulers for us 为我们重复语法规则e up with = think of 想出，提出；11.be curious about 对…感到好奇12.get angry easily 容易生气13.make a good accountant 成为一名优秀的医生14.neither ……nor ……既不……也不……（就近原则）Neither he nor I am well educated.He didn’t come here yesterday , neither / nor did I. 他昨天没来这儿，我也是15.work without speaking all day long 整天工作不说话Reading16.be happy with = be satisfied with 对……感到满意17.a born artist 一个天生的艺术家18.impress the whole country with his creative work 他的富有创造力的作品给全国人民留下深刻的印象19.win high praise from the art community 赢得艺术团的高度赞扬20.praise sb for sth 因某事表扬某人21.give up 放弃（代词放中间）22.give up doing sth = stop doing sth 放弃做某事23.work for the sales department in a big company 在一家大公司的销售部工作24.day after day 日复一日25.the general manager 总经理26.either ……or ……要么…要么…，或者…或者…（就近原则）27.take the lead 处于领先地位，带头28.fall behind 落后 (fall in 生病)29.be ready to do 准备做某事30.take on new challenges 接受新的挑战31.the chief engineer 首席工程师32.connect……with/to ……把……和……连接起来33.be connected with 与……有联系34.a miss is as good as a mile 差之豪厘，谬以千里35.as good as 与……几乎一样，简直是36.can’t afford to do 负担得起（费用、损失、后果）多用于否定句和疑问句中37.make mistakes 犯错误38.pay attention to every detail 注意每个细节（to 为介词 + doingsth ）39.work to high standards 工作高标准40.easy to work with 容易一起工作41.a pioneer heart surgeon 一位心脏外科手术的带头人42.can’t be too careful = can never be too careful 再怎么细心也不为过43.be willing to do sth 愿意做某事44.devote oneself/ one’s life / time to 把……奉献给……（to为介词,后接名词，代词，动名词）45.respect sb = have / show respect for sb 尊重，尊敬某人46.be suitable for 适合Grammar and Integrated Skills and Study Skills47.accept others’ advice 接受别人的建议48.think twice (about sth ) 三思而行49.be /get angry with sb 生某人的的气50.be /get angry at/ about sth 因某事而生气51.worry too much 担心太多52.be patient / impatient with 对……有/ 没有耐心53.both ……and ……连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式54.not only ……but (also )……不但……而且……（就近原则）55.do the washes 洗碗，洗餐具56.animal signs 生肖57.appear in a fixed order 按照固定的顺序出现58.make his lesson lively and interesting 使他的课上得生动而有趣（lively活泼的，生气勃勃的指人或物）59.in all 总共，总计60.people born under the same star sign 出生在同一星座下的人们61.share similar personalities 具有相似的个性62.be similar to 与……相似63.be similar in 在某方面相似64.depend on 依靠65.lunar calendar 农历66.be divided into 被分成67.divide ……into ……把……分成……68.It’s you who shape your life and your future 你的生活和将来都掌握在你的手中（强调句型）Task69.It’s said that 据说70.make a speech = give a speech 作演讲71.do extra work 做额外的工作72.win several science competitions 赢得几项科学竞赛73.get himself more organized 使他自己更加有条理74.be absent from school 缺席75.recommend sb as…推荐某人为/当…76.recommend sb for…推荐某人获…奖77.agree with sb 同意某人的看法、意见；适应（食物、气候）Useful sentences:78.It makes them feel good to share things with others.和别人分享让他们感觉很好。

U1 Ancient GreecePhrases:e down the stairs下楼2.at a time每次不再3.no longer/not...any longer/nomore/not..any more4.go up the stairs上楼5.look down at(区别look down on sb 看向下看着不起)6.sail away驾船驶走7.obey orders遵守命令8.pull … into …把...拉进...中9.drag … into …把...拉进...中10.make jokes about the enemies取笑他们的敌人11.be securely locked安全地锁住了12.except for（区分except/besides）除……之外13.go to sleep入睡；睡着14.succeed in doing sth.=manage to do sth.成功做成…e on得了吧16.play a trick on=make a joke on sb.开某人玩笑17.too+adj.+to do sth.=so...that=(not)太...而不能enough to18.make sure确信19.be made of(区分be made from/in/up of)由...制成20.be full of=be filled with充满21.through a trick通过一个玩笑22.cable car缆车23.maglev train磁悬浮列车24.give you a hand=do sb. a favor=help sb.帮你一个忙25.all the time一直词性转换:1.disappear v. 消失→appear v. 出现2. history n. 历史→historical a. 历史的3. wooden a. 木头的→wood n. 木头→woods n. 森林4. city n. 城市→ citizen n. 市民5. frightened a. 受惊吓的（人）→ frightening a. 恐怖的（物）→ frighten v. 使害怕6 .help n./v. 帮助→ helpful a. 有帮助的→helpless a. 无助的7. succeed v . 使……成功→success n. 成功→successful a. 成功的→successfully adv. 成功地8. enter v. 进入→entrance n. 入口9. difficult a. 困难的→difficulty n. 困难10. Troy n.特洛伊城→Trojan n./a.特洛伊人（的）11. dark a. 黑暗的→ darkness n. 黑暗12. Greek a.& n. 希腊的，希腊人→Greece n. 希腊13. able a. 有能力的→unable a. 没有能力的→enable v. 使……能→ ability n. 能力14. including prep.包括→include v. 包括15. secret n. 秘密→secretly ad. 秘密地→secretary n. 秘书16. Europe n. 欧洲→European a.& n. 欧洲的（人）a European girl17. politics n. 政治→politician n. 政客18.independent a. 独立的→depend v. 依靠→dependent adj. 依靠的→independence n. 独立课文、词汇复习The night of the horseThe soldier came down the stairs－two at a time.'Captain, they've gone,' he cried. 'They've d_____1_____－all of them. The plain is...'But the captain of the guards was no longer listening.He was going up the stairs－three at a time.Seconds l_____2_____, the captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy.He looked down at the empty plain and, beyond it, at the empty sea.'They've gone and we've won,' he said.'The Greeks have tried for ten years to capture our city.Now they've sailed away. And they've taken everything with them.''Not everything, sir,' the soldier said. 'They've l_____3_____ their horse.'Outside the main gates of the city stood a huge wooden horse.'Ah, yes,' the captain said, 'that wooden horse.'It's so big that they couldn't take it with them.Well, it's ours now. Get some help and pull it into the city.'That won't be d_____4_____. It's on wheels.''But why is it on wheels?' the soldier asked.'I think that maybe the Greeks want us to...'The captain interrupted him.'You're a soldier,' he said. 'You don't have to think.'You have to obey orders, and I'm giving you one now. Move that horse.'So the Trojans d_____5_____ it into the city with ropes.That night, in the main square of the city, all the citizens of Troy celebrated.They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about their e_____6_____, the stupid Greeks.Then the Trojans made sure all the gates of the city were s_____7_____locked, and they all went to sleep, i_____8_____ the gate guards.By midnight, the square was empty, except for the giant horse.The six Greek soldiers waited for another hour, to be sure.Then, very quietly, they opened the secret door on the side of the horseand climbed out.No guards stopped them as they opened the main gates.Outside stood the Greek army.It had r_____9_____ in the darkness when the citizens celebrated inside.Now the army entered the city.The Greeks seized the captain.For ten years, they could not capture the city by fighting, but in one night, they s_____10_____ in capturing it by a trick.Keys:1.disappeared ter 3.left 4.difficult 5.dragged 6.enemies 7.securely 8.including9.returned 10.succeeded课堂练习1.The soldier was probably feeling when he came down the stairs.A. frightenedB. excitedlyC. angrilyD.frightening2.I the computer for nearly three years.A. boughtB. have boughtC. had hadD. have had3.You can find all the information you need on the Internet. Get on line, you’ll get .A. thoseB. oneC. itD. them4.The city has developed its telephone services quickly ________ last January.A. forB. sinceC. untilD. on5.The work is _________ difficult for me ________ finish.A. too, toB. so, thatC. enough, toD. so, to6.My family is a happy one. I love all of my family members ________ my parents.A. besidesB. butC. exceptD. except for7.We like traveling from one place to __________ to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the world.A. otherB. anotherC. othersD. the others8._______ volunteers were needed to help visitors from all over the world in the 2010 WorldExpo.A. Millions ofB. MillionsC. About ten millionsD. Million of9.You _________ hurry, we still have some time.A. don’t needB. needn’tC. need toD. needn’t to10.________ the Trojans were! They were fooled by the Greeks at last.A. How stupidB. How a stupidC. What stupidD. What a stupid11.The electric fan can hardly blow away the terrible smell in the hall, __________?A. can itB. can’t itC. does itD. doesn’t it12.He has finally succeeded __________ all the exams.A. to passB. to passingC. in passingD. pass13.My aunt isn’t here. She _________ Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days.A. wentB. has gone toC. has been toD. will go to14.When they’re talking, a stranger interrupted them. The underlined part means __________.A. hitB. stoppedC. passedD. found15.–I passed the important test last week! --__________ .A. That’s very kind of youB. Have a good timeC. CongratulationsD. What a shameII. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)：（错误率：掌握情况：）1.Tu Youyou(屠呦呦) is the first Chinese ________ to win a Nobel Prize in science. (city)2.Let’s hope that all our troubles will ________ in the coming new year. (appear)3.Mathew wanted to build a ________ dog house for his pet dog, Snowball. (wood)4.The average ________ of the boy students in our class is 1.67m. (high)5.The scientist desires to ________ like Tu Youyou in the future. (success)6.I think swimming is________ the best form of exercise you can get.（probable）7.The ________ scenes in the film made the audience full of fear. (frighten)8.The young couple decided to have the ________ baby. (two)9.The students of Grade One visited Joe’s farm and saw many ________ there. (horse)10.Reading and practicing more will surely ________ us to make greater progress. ( able )11.Please ________ the hall from the door on the right. (entrance)12.It’s Dad’s birthday and we’re going out for a meal to ________. (celebration)13.The travellers couldn’t find the way out of the forest because of .(dark)III. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词)：（错误率：掌握情况：）1.Miss Green has taught in the west of China since 2000. (对划线部分提问)__________ __________ has Miss Green taught in the west of China?2.Amy was very careful. She noticed small changes around her.（合并为一句）Amy was careful __________ __________ notice small changes around her.3.We will build a new Disneyland in Pudong New Area. (被动语态)A new Disneyland will ______ ______ in Pudong New Area.4.Lydia was very tired. She almost fell asleep at the dinner table. (保持句意不变)Lydia was _________ tired __________ she almost fell asleep at the dinner table.5.Miss White asked her students, "How long have you done this project'?”（改为宾语从句）Miss White asked her students how long they ________ ________ this project .6.world, of ,in, natural, most, is ,the, one, important, resources, water, the (连词成句)_________________________________________________________________________ReadingⅠ. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（错误率：掌握情况：）A. Choose the best answer（根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）Research suggests that at least 64% of people now spend up to four hours daily of spare time in front of a screen. Just as TV watching has been linked to higher chances of being fat and getting diseases, this extra sedentary time is bad news for our health.1. Choose outdoor activities over technologyWhen you’re at home, make it a rule that you can’t be online if the sun is shining. Instead, you have to go for a walk, ride a bike, swim or get some other kind of healthy physical activity for at least an hour before you can pull out your phone or tablet, or take a seat at the computer. This rule should be fit for everyone in your family.2. Limit social media useSocial networks have changed computer and mobile use for people of all ages. Whether it’s Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or Snapchat, limit the amount of time you spend on social media. Avoid aimless browsing (浏览) and give your time online a purpose: research holidays or catch up on the news of the day. Then log off.3. Save time for readingChallenge yourself to read at least 30 pages of a great book before you check your computer or mobile phone. Pick the right reading material and you’ll soon find you’ve discovered an enjoyable pastime.4. Create projects for yourselfIt’s amazing how much you can achieve when you’re not glued to (长时间盯着) a screen. Do a list of one-hour evening projects. Some suggestions are organizing kitchen cupboards, cleaning your bedroom. Then try to do one each evening.1. The underlined word “sedentary time” probably means ____________.A. sitting for a long time with little movementB. staying up late with little sleepC. doing exercise with little waterD. working hard with little rest2. According to the rule, you’d better ____________ on sunny days.A. watch TV at homeB. do physical exercise outdoorsC. make a long phone callD. play computer games3. Before using the “technology”, ____________ is fun and helpful.A. watching TVB. researching holidaysC. reading at least 30 pages of a great bookD. cleaning your bedroom4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. At least one-hour indoor exercise is necessary for everyone in the family.B. Time should be limited for social media use and aimless browsing.C. Social networks can be used either on the computer or on the mobile phone.D. One-hour evening projects can stop people from gluing to a screen.5. The article is mainly to tell the readers ____________.A. different ways to stop using “technology” too longB. doing outdoor activities is better than enjoying “technology”C. social media makes people’s life more excitingD. creating projects is helpful for achieving success6. You can probably find this article in the section of ____________.A. TravellingB. ShoppingC. EducationD. HealthB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):（12分）The Chinese used the abacus as early as the 2nd century BC, but now are welcoming “machine brains” to educate the young in this modern age.For the young, e-learning seems so 75 . Zhu Xufei, 12, uses her parents’ mobile phoneto study English every day on her way to school and back home. Through an app, she can listen to and repeat back words and sentences in English. The app even tells the difference between her speech and proper pronunciation, and then 76 provides the score.The mother of 12-year-old Zhu said, “The apps have enabled her to learn and practice spoken English anytime, anywhere,” she says. “The apps also have been designed to use games to encourage learning.”It’s very popular nowadays, especially with parents. WeChat accounts of parents post progress reports every day on 77 their children are doing. For example, “Day 30: My son Thomas has learned 99 English words on Talking Pets.”It’s not only children using mobile devices (设备) to learn new things. Many Metro or bus passengers can be seen with earplugs tuned into app courses, like business management or the driving test. “I don’t have to 78 books around and turn pages on crowded buses,” an office lady says. “With just a touch of the screen on my smartphone, I can do practice tests whenever I have time. It also records my 79 and makes it easier for me to review them.”E-learning has been welcomed among education services. Zheng Lili, owner of an English training school, says the learning apps help 80 better monitor the performances of students.We believe that education should be ‘whole-person’ development and such devices are just support tools.1. A. strange B. difficult C. natural D. horrible2. A. immediately B. gently C. nearly D. secretly3. A. whether B. where C. why D. how4. A. borrow B. carry C. return D. deliver5. A. mistakes B. jobs C. photos D. interests6. A. bosses B. neighbors C. friends D. teachersC Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):（14分）QuestionAnswerD. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题): ( 12分)When Jan and Brian Dutcher moved to San Diego for Brian’s new job at San Diego State University, the neighbors smiled and introduced themselves. But there were no “bring a plate” invitations, no car pooling for her daughters Liza, 12 and Erin, 15.“The families really didn’t know each other, and we missed that,” says Jan. “We are far from relatives. Neighbors are our family.”So Jan, an artist, decided to repeat a project she had done for Liza’s fifth-grade class: ask each person to paint his or her face on a big canvas (帆布). The finished piece would become the new family photo.First, Jan painted a grid (网格) on the canvas and put it up in the garage with a table of paints nearby. Then whenever she was home, the “art room” door was up, with an open invitation for neighbors to paint. The first to stop in were kids riding by. “They thought it was cool,” says Jan,but the adults weren’t so keen. “Most said they hadn’t picked up a paint brush since kindergarten,” she says. “They were afraid they’d mess it up.” But as word slowly spread, they came, some using their driver’s license photos as models.Then something started to happen. They returned—to see who had painted, or if they could recognize who was who. In Jan’s garage, they began to chat about schools, jobs and families. Almost daily. Wendy, who lived across the street and was seriously ill, came in her wheelchair to watch the fun. Neighbors began to offer their support.When the worst thing happened and Wendy died, they stood by her husband, Bill and invited him over for dinners.This year has been different in the neighborhood. Families take turns hosting happy hours. “We’re watching over each other now just like in the painting” says Jan.1. Why did the Dutchers move to San Diego?__________________________________________________________________________.2.Where did people paint, on a wall, a car or a canvas?__________________________________________________________________________.3.Who joined in the project first after a grid was done?__________________________________________________________________________.4.What did the adults in the neighborhood think of the project at first?__________________________________________________________________________.5.With the project on and on, what happened in and out of the garage?__________________________________________________________________________.6. How do you understand the underlined sentence “We’re watching over each other now just likein the painting”?__________________________________________________________________________.Ⅰ. Writing.（写作）You are graduating from middle school soon. Your parents will give you a gift to celebrate the important time. Write a letter with at least 60 words to your mum and dad. Tell what you want and how useful and important it is to you. The beginning part of the letter is given.你即将初中毕业，父母准备一份礼物给你庆祝这一重要时刻。