语法知识—定语从句的图文答案

10.定语从句定从的本质是形容词，修饰其前的名词或代词。

与名从和状从最大的区别是其前有先行词。

一、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句，在句中起定语修饰的作用. 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。

如：Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl (who is beautiful). 定语从句先行词关系代词This is a book which was written by Tom who is my best friend.I remember the days____ I spent with you.I remember the days____ I played with you.I remember the place____ I visited last year.I remember the place____ I lived last year.I remember the reason____ I give to you.I remember the reason____ I was late.二．引导词注：这些引导词中有名词从句中的What，how，Wh—ever吗？三．引导词各自用法（Ⅰ）1．who修饰“人”作主语，口语中可作宾语。

T his is the man who often helps me.(who作主语)The man who you just talked is a teacher.2．whom修饰“人”作宾语。

可省略，但在介词后和非限制性定语从句中不可省略。

The doctor (who/whom) you are looking for is in the room.3．whose是who，which的所有格，作定语，修饰“人”“物”。

This is a book whose cover is blue.4.that修饰“人”“物”作主语、宾语、表语。

一、选择题1．—Remember, ________ you do your homework, ________ mistakes you will make.—OK, Mom.A．the more careful; the less B．the more carefully; the less C．the more carefully; the fewer C解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——记住，做作业越仔细，犯的错误就越少。

——好的，妈妈。

考查比较级的用法。

the +比较级…, the+比较级…表示“越……，就越……”。

分析句子，空1应用副词carefully修饰动词do，其比较级为more carefully，排除A。

less是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词；fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数；空2后面mistakes是名词复数，故用fewer修饰。

故选C。

2．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手).A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：Jack唱歌很好，他是一名好歌手。

考查形容词和副词的用法。

nice好的，形容词；good好的，形容词；well好，副词。

根据题干可知，第一空需要用副词well修饰动词sings；第二空需要用形容词good修饰名词singer。

故选B。

3．—How often does he watch TV?—He watches TV.A．hard ever B．ever C．never C解析：C【解析】【详解】句意：——他多长时间看一次电视？——他从来不看电视。

考查频度副词。

hardly ever几乎从不，很少，没有hard ever这个词组，排除；ever (用于否定句和疑问句，或与if连用的句子)在任何时候，从来，曾经，本句没有否定词，也不是疑问句或if连用的句子，排除；never从不，绝不；故选C。

定语从句一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

如：I want to marry a rich man.定语I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. （从句谓语和先行词一致）先行词定语从句定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句用关系词（_____________ _____________）来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。

1)关系代词：______________________________________2)关系副词：______________________________________二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。

例如：He is the man who/that wants to marry me.他就是那个想娶我的人。

(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I want to marry.他就是我想嫁的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)合并：1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage._______________________________________________________2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt._______________________________________________________3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music._______________________________________________________翻译：1那就是教我们英语的老师。

初中定语从句全解（含真题答案和解析）关于定语从句的考点分析其实之前已经给大家讲过。

今天，小简老师又添加了一些更细的内容，比如关系代词只能用that的情况等，并且将40道历年真题及其答案解析直接附在考点讲解后面，便于同学们学习/复习并巩固。

定语从句没有想象中难，一起来学吧！一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

（that作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

（作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

定语从句与高考定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。

主要考点有：1.关系代词who, which, that, whom, as, whose的基本用法。

2.关系副词when, where, why的基本用法。

3.定语从句中关系词的特殊用法。

4.定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”介词的确定。

5. which/ as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别。

一、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常____用___逗号隔开。

区别二：功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意____不明确___；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意不影响。

如：People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。

(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。

(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)比较下面的两个句子：I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。

(姐姐不止一个)I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。

(只有一个姐姐)区别三：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。

如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。

I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。

高中定语从句讲解与练习（附答案）定语从句专项讲解与练习1、定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词和关系副词。

它们起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语。

主要有who, whom, that, whose, which, as, when, where, why。

PS:what不能引导定语从句. 指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that.The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom/ that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)2、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：1）指人时宜用who 的情况：a. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone 或those , these 时，关系代词用who。

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习）★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。

★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

也可以称作引导词。

①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。

②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。

（一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。

2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。

3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4. that以上三种情况均可用that。

指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。

（二）. 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。

定语从句在句中起形容词的作用，修饰名词或代词，作定语；被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它一方面代替前面的先行词，另外又在从句中充当一种成分。

that，which引导的定语从句(一)下列情况只能用that，不能用which1．先行词是everything, anything, nothing, all, little, much, none, the one等不定代词时。

►He told me everything that he knew.他告诉了我他知道的一切。

2．先行词被all, any, every, each, little, no, some, much, the very, the only等修饰时。

►This is the very book that I am looking for.这正是我在找的那本书。

3．先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。

►This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最好的电影。

4．先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。

►We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和事。

(二)下列情况不能用that1．that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。

►Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.足球是一项有趣的运动，风靡全世界。

2．介词后不用that (介词后指人用whom，指物用which)。

►The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.他如此努力为之工作的奖品是一辆新自行车。

►I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.我喜欢正和老师谈话的那个人。

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题含答案定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的从句，用来限制或说明这个名词或代词的性质、状态、特点、数量等。

在英语中，定语从句使用的引导词包括关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that，以及关系副词where, when, why。

关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词的用法如下：关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that1) who/whom/whose：用于人who：用于主语The man who is standing over there is my father.whom：用于宾语The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.whose：用于所有格The girl whose name is Lucy is my friend.2) which/that：用于物which：用于非限定性定语从句My house, which is near the park, is very quiet.that：用于限定性定语从句The book that you lent me is very interesting.注意：that 既可以用于人也可以用于物，但who/whom/whose 不能用于非限定性定语从句。

关系副词：where, when, whywhere：用于地点This is the school where I study.when：用于时间I still remember the day when we first met.why：用于原因This is the reason why I am late.定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面，如果是用关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that 引导的定语从句，则可以省略该代词的主语或宾语成分，并将关系代词作为引导词。

定语从句归纳复习一、关系代词引导的定语从句：关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。

（一）指代人的关系代词: who, whom, that, whose1.关系代词在从句中作主语，用who, 也可用that, 不能省略。

有些定语从句可转换为-ing或-ed做定语= The _________________ boy is Tom. 那个微笑的男孩是汤姆。

) teaches us a lot.=The teacher _____________________________________________teaches us a lot.注意：先行词为those, people, anyone, one, ones时，多用who) spoke French.5) The number of people (死的和受伤的) reached more than 400,000.6) One (对自己没有恐惧的) dares to tell the truth.主句是以who 或which引起的疑问句时，从句用that)?2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语, 则用whom, who, that,可省略：1) He is the man (我看到的) in the library yesterday.2) The man ) is Bill’s father.)will give us a talk.) is in the lab.stepped on his foot.6) Do you know the man____________________________________________(你今天要拜访的)?3.作定语用whose, whose引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词可为人，也可为物1)).2)The girl3)4)5)当whose引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词为物时，可以用多种句型表示：The room is mine. Its window faces south /The window of the room faces south.6)窗户朝南的房间是我的。

（完整版）定语从句全面详细讲解附练习题加答案定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。

2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。

Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

定语从句——关系副词引导的定语从句when =during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)关系副词的用法：1. where指地点〔用于先行词是地点时〕，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。

(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2.When指时间〔用于先行词是时间时〕。

在定语从句中做时间状语。

(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.3. why指原因〔通常是先行词是reason时〕，在定语从句中做原因状语。

(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.4. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词〞引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.This is the reason why he came late.= This is the reason for which he came late.关系副词填空1.I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.3. This is the school ______I used to study.4. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition5. Have you ever been to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake6. Tom will go to Shanghai, live his two brothers.7. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.8. This is the hour the place is always full of women and children.9. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place you may spend your weekend.10.Shanghai is the city I was born.关系副词练习1. when2. when3. where4. where5. where6. where7. when 8 when 9. where(5、6都用where,因为从句用的是倒装，主语是：the West Lake; his two brothers. 谓语是：lies,lives,〕。

定语从句讲解与练习一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

二．特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词：1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。

可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。

2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。

关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。

关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。

三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四．关系代词的用法：1. that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。

Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2）先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3）先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。

It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4）先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few 等不定代词时，定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时，定语从句用that引导Is it the one（that）you want？8）为了避免重复，在疑问词who之后，用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。

定语从句学案和练习一. 定语从句的基本定义放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.先行词关系代词Hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词关系副词二. 关系词的分类1. 关系代词：关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, as2. 关系副词关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why三. 关系代词的基本用法1. 关系代词的基本用法充当从句的成分关系代词指代的先行词who人主语，宾语，表语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语（+n）as 人或物主语、宾语、表语①who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

A person who steals things is called a thief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。

The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.③which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

作宾语时，可省略。

These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which）he is using is made in Japan.④that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

作宾语时，可省略。

A plane is a machine that can fly.⑤whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。

不可省略。

We live in a house whose windows face south. This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.2. 关系代词的用法注意点(1)以下情况只能用that。

定语从句一、知识框架二、知识梳理一）定义(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。

(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。

(3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）关系代词（在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，宾补，定语）: that、which、who、whom、whose、as关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where二）关系代词的用法在定语从句中关系代词起着连接主句与从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。

关系代1. 关系代词who, whom和that的用法三者都可用于指代人，但在用法上存在差别。

who和whomwho可以代替人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom（常可省略）。

但它的前面不能有介词，如果带介词则必须用宾格whom,即“介词+whom”。

Johnny is a person who always has novel ideas.The girl who won the first prize is from Zhejiang.The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr Depp.= The person to whom you just talked is Mr Depp.We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.who和that在定语从句中who和that指代人时常可以通用，但在下列情况中只能用who,而不能用that。

(1)先行词是one, ones和anyone时，宜用who。