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高三英语语法知识：名词、代词和冠词知识精讲1. 名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
名词在句子中可以作主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语，名数词连用可以做状语。
在使用名词时，要注意区分可数名词和不可数名词，以便于正确使用表示不确定数量的定语。
如：a lot of / plenty of / some 可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词。
而：many, a few, few several, scores of, large quantities of, dozens of, a couple of 等只能用在可数名词之前，much, a great deal of, a little, little, a great amount of 等只能用在不可数名词之前。
2. 冠词：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的意义。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
a (an)是不定冠词，an用在元音发音开始的词语前。
如：an hour, an English book。
the 是定冠词。
1）不定冠词：不定冠词a (an)只能用在单数可数名词前。
关于它的用法，用四个字概括，“每、一、类、某”。
①表示“每日”、“每周”……Please take this medicine three times a day.②表示某一种人或物中的一个。
All of us know that he is a teacher, not a student.③表示某一类人或物。
It is an easy task for an elephant.④表示“某一个”，但仍译为“一个”、“有个”。
One day, a Frenchman went to Berlin on business.2）定冠词的用法：①特指某人或某物，指说话人与听话人都知道的人或物。
Look at the picture. Is there a man in the picture?②复指前面已提到的人或物。
单句改错之名词、代词和冠词专项练习（1）【高考考点分析】名词改错：短文改错对名词的考查主要涉及可数名词的单复数误用、可数名词与不可数名词误用、名词普通格与所有格的误用等。
冠词改错：短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及不定冠词a和an的误用、不定冠词a/an 和定冠词the的混用、冠词的多用或漏用等。
代词改错：短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性（包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性）、人称代词的主格／宾格误用、形容词性物主代词／人称代词和反身代词的误用、各类代词的误用与漏用（尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构）、某些不定代词的错用等。
1. I will ask my teachers and friends for advices on how to improve it and work out a detailed plan.答案：advices →advice解析：advice 是不可数名词，无复数形式，故将 advices改为 advice.2. Many students eyesight is getting poorer and poorer.答案：students →studen ts'解析：修饰名词eyesight 应用名词所有格。
前面有Many 修饰，应用名词复数，故将 students 改为 students'.3. It's nice feeling to know we have helped to save those people's lives.答案：在nice前加a解析：feeling 意为“感觉”，为可数名词，此处泛指一种很好的感觉，应加不定冠词，故在nice前加a.4. My teacher taught me a lot. It was then that I realized the value of learning a foreign language and made up our mind to learn English better.答案：our →my解析：根据主语I可知，此处代词应与主语I保持一致，且此处作定语，故将 our改为my.5. For those who want to study abroad, it is necessary for they to have a good knowledge of English.答案：they →them解析：for为介词，后面接代词宾格，故将 they 改为 them.6. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from the others in our small town.答案：himself →him解析：which 指代先行词 voice,动词set后的宾语为“他”，主语和宾语不一致，应用宾格形式。
三年真题4M oi冠有苴名祠昌信翌值。
成激倒年份卷别冠词（2022-2024）三年（14考）名词的数与格（2022-2024）三年（18）命题趋势2024新高考I卷the favorites;richness冠词:高考中考查频率较新高考II卷themes;visibility高的冠词主要表现在不定全国甲卷A-An（改错）treasures;completion冠词与定冠词的用法辨析上。
业考查定冠.通表特指租丕定冠词表泛损为主」2二对丕定冠.通.旦.与._迎_的用.法的看查也二真是戋查的热.点.2._3..对固定短谊中一冠.词的考查也是高考•的常考.浙江卷1月the criticism;2023新高考I卷a新高考II卷the arrival;interview全国甲卷a（语填）；the-a;（改错）warning;butterfly-butterflies（改错）全国乙卷same前面加the（改错）wonders浙江卷1月the events2022新高考I卷the populations成.2..一名词的词改错:完形填空考查名词义辨析。
语法填空和:1.名词的单复数规新高考II卷The son's全国甲卷a protection全国乙卷the responsibility浙江卷1月the invitation火V父H j勺/|、冽火11父。
乙.名词的格3.名词与其他词类的转换形式。
浙江卷6月the photographer皆盛翁偷。
围腐皆源考点01定冠词1.（2024・新高考I卷•高考真题）Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for________first time.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。
语法专题（附参考答案）专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。
下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
1. in front of 在……（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在……（内）的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you sti ll have a little time.9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多；好些; the number of …（的）数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. --- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was_______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities toprevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellentfootballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ second try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案：I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the6 the; a7 an8 the9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a 12 the 13 the 14 the15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23a 24 The 25 the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。
名词、代词、冠词考点一名词题型一名词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.If you want to see how life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water (town) to visit.【答案】towns2.They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making (preparation)for the long cold winter.【答案】preparations3.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.【答案】tomatoes4.Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).【答案】countries5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.【答案】child’sⅡ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’s evening.【答案】Saturday’s→Saturday7.Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.【答案】knowledges→knowledge题型二名词构词法1.The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bedrock, atmospheric sounding (observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.【答案】observation2.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his (invent):Coca-Cola.【答案】invention3.I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).【答案】distance4.Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.【答案】strength5.Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.【答案】encouragement6.In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring〞 created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).【答案】awareness7.Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.【答案】combination考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.China’s research icebreaker X uelong, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on (it) way back to China.【答案】its2.To lighten the addiction, he created his own drink by using leaves of coca and kola nuts. He named “Pemberton’s French Wine Coca〞.【答案】it3.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).【答案】them4.In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise.【答案】their5.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.【答案】himselfⅡ.单句改错6.Without ads, that would be difficult to get across a product’s basic message.【答案】that→it7.A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, where the participants handed in our works which were later graded bycalligraphers.【答案】our→their8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enough water.【答案】it’s→its9.I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like neither of them very much.【答案】neither→either考点三冠词题型一冠词的根本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.【答案】the2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s ongoing process.【答案】an3.Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.【答案】the4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.I’m lucky enough to make friends with so nice person.【答案】person前加a6.What a impressive experience!【答案】a→an题型二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.The sound of the car died away in distance.【答案】the2.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.【答案】 a3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently great number of these huts are placed close together.【答案】 a4.All ofsudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.【答案】 aⅡ.单句改错5.Some of the scenery in this area ranks among best in the country.【答案】best前加the6.To tell a truth, my spoken English used to be a big headache for me.【答案】第一个a→thestly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.【答案】删除the《真题训练》考点一名词第一组1.(某某,6)The(possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility2.(江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the(assume) you’ve made.【答案】assumption3.(江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.【答案】explanations4.(浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【答案】electricity5.(江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.【答案】happiness6.(江苏,32)Some schools will have to make(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments/adjustment7.(江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my(apologize).【答案】apology/apologies8.(浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.【答案】stress9.(安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some(think)and then let me know.【答案】thought第二组1.(2020届安徽六安一中月考一,66)Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in (silent) while thinking quietly.【答案】silence2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,67)Human food is very bad for thebaboons’(tooth)because it has a lot of sugar.【答案】teeth3.(2020届河南天一大联考阶段检测Ⅰ,67)That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.【答案】importance4.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,65)Due to the (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up.【答案】arrival5.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,45)These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious (sweet) to the locals.【答案】sweetness6.(河北保定摸底考试,70)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM, rather than being in (compete), is where the potential for great effects lies.【答案】competition7.(海南儋州一次统测,64)By the time of his (die), he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world. 【答案】death8.(河南洛阳期中考试,64)So far modern (platform) have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.【答案】platforms9.(浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.【答案】action10.(江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and(compete)close to home. 【答案】competitions考点二代词第一组1.(某某,3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those2.(某某,11)was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.【答案】It3.(浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different fromin the UK.【答案】that4.(某某,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that5.(浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?【答案】it6.(重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure. 【答案】nobody7.(陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the.【答案】other8.(四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.【答案】none第二组1.(2020届安徽“江淮十校〞一联,67)In terms of social psychology, one way of thinking about this is that we feel much better about (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison.【答案】ourselves2.(2020届贵州贵阳8月摸底,68)(they)job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.【答案】Their3.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,43)Then he hid (him) nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone would remove the big rock.【答案】himself4.(2020届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,49)If you pick one grape and put in your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste.【答案】it5.(2020届四川绵阳南山中学9月月考,70)Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.【答案】him6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,67)However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness〞.【答案】those7.(山西太原期中考试,69)In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.【答案】it8.(吉林长春市实验中学月考三,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.【答案】their9.(湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,64)They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively,as well asimprove(they)performance.【答案】their10.(江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare(it)for the big show.【答案】itself考点三冠词第一组1.(浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris. 【答案】The; a2.(浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.【答案】the3.(重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask. 【答案】the;a4.(四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven. 【答案】 a第二组1.(2020届河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents opportunity to improve one’s condition.【答案】an2.(2020届黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in — number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since .【答案】the3.(2020届江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.【答案】 a4.(2020届江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly.【答案】 a5.(2020届云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd.【答案】an6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet.【答案】 a7.(吉林省吉林市调研一,64)But naps can actually be double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure.【答案】 a8.(湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Educati on(MOE),“First Class for New Semester〞 has becomemandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester.【答案】 a9.(江西红色七校一联,70)splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.【答案】 A10.(河北唐山五校月考,64)As the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.〞【答案】 a。
语法复习专题一-—名词一、考点聚焦1。
可数名词单、复数变化形式(1）规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。
如：boy — boys, pen — pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。
如：glass — glasses，box — boxes， watch — watches, brush — brushes.特例：stomach - stomaches.③以“辅音字母 + y"结尾的变“y”为“i"再加“-es”.如:baby - babies， lady - ladies， fly — flies.④以“o"结尾的多数加-es。
如：tomato —tomatoes，potato —potatoes， hero - heroes。
但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o 结尾的词只加—s。
如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos， photo - photos，piano - pianos， kilo — kilos， tobacco - tobaccos.⑤以“f”或“fe"结尾的名词复数形式变“f"或“fe”为“v",之后再加-es。
如:wife - wives， life - lives, knife — knives， wolf— wolves， self — selves, leaf - leaves等.特例:handkerchief— handkerchiefs， roof - roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs， belief — beliefs, cliff —cliffs。
⑥改变元音字母的.如：man - men, mouse — mice， foot — feet，woman — women, tooth — teeth， goose - geese， ox — oxen.特例：child - children。
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校语法专题十一名词和冠词一、名词高考对名词的考查主要是名词的辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析。
高考试题的选项从汉语翻译上看可能是同义词或近义词，但其英语含义不同，而且可能有不同的习惯搭配。
因此要结合英语的真正含义和这个名词的用法考虑答案，不能看其汉语字面意义就随意做出选择。
高考有时也把名词与冠词和主谓一致放在一起考查。
考点一名词的数1．常见的不可数名词有advice，news，progress，money，furniture，fun，weather，luck，homework，housework，information，bread，medicine，clothing，wealth，soap，rice等，这些词在英文里一般都用作不可数名词，在使用中不可乱套汉语而使用复数或加不定冠词。
What fine weather!We have got a lot of information on the Internet.2．有些名词通常只用作复数。
如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods 货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物，wages工资，riches财富，surroundings环境，ashes灰尘，compasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb.同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问候，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.做某事有礼貌。
3．有些名词既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，但意义不同。
work 当表示“工作”时为不可数名词，但当表示“作品，著作”时则为可数名词。
room“空间”（不可数），“房间”（可数）；experience “经验”（不可数），“经历”（可数）；paper“纸”（不可数），“论文、文件、试卷”（可数）。
第一部分语法知识专题一名词、代词、冠词挖命题【考情探究】考点年份题型考点统计课标全国Ⅰ课标全国Ⅱ课标全国Ⅲ2018201720162015201420182017201620152014201820172016名词语篇型填空causes(cause)effects(effect)attrac-tion(attract)days(day)paintings(painting)changes(change)pollution(pollute)crowds(crowd)introdu-ction(introd-uce)achieve-ment(achieve)studies(study)ability(able)scientist(science)education(educate)invitations(invita-tion)develop-ment(develop)短文改错chicken→chickensword→wordshonest→honestyairs→airyear→yearsFriday’s→Fridaysort→sortsinforma-tions→informa-tionknowle-dges→knowle-dgeparent→parentshour→hoursmistake→mistakesyear→years代词语篇型填空it its(it)its(it)itme或mine(I)them(they)短文改错another→other加myour→hisyour→ourmuch→manyus→meall→both或删除allyour→ ourhow→whatmany→much加hismyself→my加thisyour→myyourself→myself加I冠词语篇型填空(as)a(result)the(other)the(mostoutstan-ding)(over)the(past 25years)(over)the(top)(for) a(while)the(mostmodern)(at)the(top ofherlungs)a短文改错加the加the the→ a加theyour→the加athe→aa→ an/one加the a→ the去掉themyself→the加the去掉the分析解读 1.五年高考课标全国卷在语篇型填空、短文改错中对于名词的考查集中在:(1)名词的基本用法1)名词的“数”。
要求学生具备以下能力:①在语境中识别哪些是可数名词．．．．．．．．．．．．．,．哪些是不可数名词的能力．．．．．．．．．．．;②在语境中识别哪些名词需用复数形式的能力．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．;③掌握名词变复数规则的能力。
2)名词的“格”。
要求考生掌握:①名词所有格的基本构成(‘s,of及双重所有格)及其用法;②判断哪些情况用名词直接作定语,哪些情况用名词所有格作定语。
(2)名词构词法。
要求考生具备以下能力:①根据句子结构判断设空处是否应该用名词形式的能力;②掌握名词构词法知识的能力．．．．．．．．．．．．。
2.五年高考课标全国卷在语篇型填空、短文改错中对于代词的考查集中在:(1)人称代词、物主代词及反身代词。
要求考生具备根据句子结构判断设空处的句法功能的能力．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．,即根据语境判断设空处填人称代词的主格或宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词或反身代词。
(2)不定代词．．．．。
要求考生掌握易混不定代词的用法,如:one, another, the other, some, others, the others 的用法辨析、both,all, either, any, neither, none的用法辨析、many, much, few, little, a few, a little的用法辨析等。
(3)it．．的用法．．．。
要求考生不仅掌握it,its作人称代词、物主代词的基本用法还要掌握it作形式主语、形式宾语以及在强调句中的用法。
3.五年高考课标全国卷在语篇型填空、短文改错中对于冠词的考查集中在:(1)冠词的基本用法,即冠词可以表示泛指、特指的用法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．;(2)冠词的习惯用法．．．．．．．。
如:2018课标全国Ⅲ语篇型填空考查了at the top of one’s lungs这一习语;2015课标全国Ⅱ及2014课标全国Ⅰ语篇型填空都考查了形容词最高级前加the的用法。
4.对于冠词、代词的考查仍然会成为高考语篇型填空、短文改错的重点。
在有些语篇型填空中,对冠词的考查往往不给出提示词。
5.对于名词的考查,尤其是对名词的“数”及名词构词法的考查仍会成为以后高考的热点。
破考点【考点集训】考点一名词题组一名词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2019届河北深州中学三次月考,67) Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.答案tomatoes2.(2019届浙江稽阳联考,59)Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).答案countries3.(2018东北三省三校一模,68)Another survey has found that the entire wall with all of its (branch) measures 21,196 km.答案branches4.(2018陕西榆林一模,64)These certain (member) of the upper class began to change the way Christmas was celebrated in America.答案members5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.答案child’sⅡ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’s evening.答案Saturday’s→Saturday7.(2018黑龙江哈三中一模)Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.答案knowledges→knowledge题组二名词构词法1.(2019届吉林省实验中学三次月考,61)I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).答案distance2.(2019届浙江稽阳联考,62)Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.答案strength3.(2018东北三省三校一模,64)Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.答案encouragement4.(2018陕西宝鸡质检,64)In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).答案awareness5.(2018内蒙古包头一模,44)Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.答案combination6.(2017辽宁沈阳东北育才学校二模,62)I want to see the people whose (kind) and company have made my life worth living.答案kindness7.(2017辽宁抚顺重点高中协作校一模,68)Instead of letting circumstances control and defeat you, use them to push you into (act) so that you can change your present situation.答案action考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2019届黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中一次月考,68)More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).答案them2.(2019届河北大名一中9月月考,68)When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist activities.答案its3.(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔一模,69)In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise. 答案their4.(2018吉林长春一模,64)In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.答案himself5.(2018甘肃天水一中一模,50)We can overcome the problems that challenge us or we can enjoy (we)by avoiding all difficulties.答案ourselvesⅡ.单句改错6.(2018陕西宝鸡质检)People always complain about our worries, and a good listener should listen to them and learn to comfort them.答案our→their7.(2018甘肃兰州二模)I think this necessary for us teenagers to learn how to respect and take care of the others, especially the old.答案this→it8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enoughwater.答案it’s→its考点三冠词题组一冠词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1. (2019届江西红色七校一联,62)Every movement in Tai Chi represents important part of old Chinese philosophy—harmony.答案an2.(2018内蒙古包头一模,45)It has area of 9,653 square kilometers, and an average rainfall of 1,200—1,600 mm.答案an3.(2018宁夏银川一中一模,66)Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.答案 a4.(2017新疆乌鲁木齐二诊,69)The past cannot be changed. present is still in your power.答案TheⅡ.单句改错5.(2018东北三省三校一模)The last thing was to go on helicopter ride.答案on后加a6.(2018宁夏银川一中一模)Since then, my parents have seldom come into my room and I have had a privacy completely.答案删除a题组二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2019届吉林长春市实验中学第三次月考,69)In countryside in Hebei Province, people would fetch water from a well at dawn.答案the2.(2019届陕西渭南中学第三次质量检测,45)All of sudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.答案 a3.The sound of the car died away in distance.答案the4.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.答案 aⅡ.单句改错5.He turned a scientist at the age of 25.答案去掉a6.(2018甘肃天水一中二模)Lastly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.答案删除the7.In the word, it is high time we treasured our own valuable culture.答案the→a过专题【五年高考】考点一名词1.(2018天津,6)The (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.答案possibility2.(2018江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the (assume) you’ve made.答案assumption3.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.答案explanations4.(2016浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.答案electricity5.(2016江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.答案happiness6.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案adjustments/adjustment7.(2015江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my (apologize).答案apology/apologies8.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案stress9.(2015安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some (think)and then let me know.答案thought10.(2014安徽,29)—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don’t have enough money for a new one? —That’s a good (suggest).答案suggestion考点二代词1.(2017天津,11) was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 答案It2.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK. 答案that3.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools. 答案that4.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?答案it5.(2015重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.答案nobody6.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot againstthe .答案other7.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.答案none8.(2014大纲全国,25)—Who’s that at the door?—is the milkman.答案It9.(2014山东,4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.答案it10.(2014重庆,1)A smile costs ,but gives much.答案nothing/little考点三冠词1.(2016浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.答案The; a2.(2015浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.答案the3.(2015重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.答案the;a4.(2015四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.答案 a5.(2014天津,8)Life is like ocean:Only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.答案an6.(2014重庆,6)I can’t tell you way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t have Wilson here in the village.答案the;a7.(2014浙江,2)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.答案a;the【三年模拟】时间:40分钟分值:75分A组2017—2019年模拟·基础题组考点一名词1.(2019届河北衡水中学二调,61)China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best (perform) since 2010.答案performance2.(2019届河北武邑中学二次调研,62)Mainland China provides lots of (opportunity).答案opportunities3.(2019届宁夏六盘山高级中学一次月考, 61)A commonly used greeting in China is the question, “Have you eaten?” It indicates the (important) of food in China.答案importance4.(2019届江西红色七校一联,67)Tai Chi provides the mental (relax) and physical fitness.答案relaxation5.(2019届云南玉溪一中二次调研,68)Nushu has significance in various (field)and represents Chinese people’s strong spirit.答案fields6.(2018浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.答案action7.(2018江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and (compete)close to home.答案competitions8.(2018河南中原名校二次质量考评,69)Drinking green tea is an especially effective way of getting rid of the bacteria on your (tooth) and keeping them healthy.答案teeth9.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ,63)Deep worry began to destroy my (confident).答案confidence10.(2017河北唐山一次调研,67)Hearing of Al’s death, I thought, “What a complete (fail)!”答案failure考点二代词1.(2019届吉林长春市实验中学三次月考,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.答案their2.(2019届浙江稽阳联考,63)When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.答案themselves3.(2019届福建莆田九中二次月考,62) However, while is fun to keep up with the latest news, we may actually be putting ourselves in danger.答案it4.(2019届四川成都经济技术开发区实验中学9月月考,70)Some birds even mistakenly feed (they) babies waste instead of food.答案their5.(2019届甘肃张掖二中8月月考,47)People pick up the bikes and then ride and drop off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place.答案them6.(2018江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare (it)for the big show.答案itself7.(2018内蒙古阿拉善左旗高级中学一次月考,64) is found that an average of 28 million metric tons of Saharan dust falls in South America’s Amazon Basin each year.答案It8.(2018河南中原名校二次质量考评,62)The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use to treat everything from headaches to depression.答案it9.(2017湖北襄阳一次调研,67)In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving in the air.答案them10.(2017山东师大附中二模,66) At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced (her).答案herself考点三冠词1.(2019届河北衡水中学二调,66)The Made in China 2025 strategy promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as Internet, big data and cloud computing, Mina added. 答案the2.(2019届内蒙古赤峰二中二次月考,42)It was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into popular pastime.答案 a3.(2019届甘肃张掖二中8月月考,50)Shared bikes could solve the ‘last mile’ problem in environmentally friendly way.答案an4.(2019届湖北黄冈9月质量检测,68)Confucius was extraordinary educator and philosopher, and founded Confucianism.答案an5.(2018江西红色七校一联,70) splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.答案 A6.(2018河北唐山五校月考,64)As the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.”答案 a7.(2018四川雅安中学一次月考,63)When Rose was two, her grandpa started taking notes every time they spent time together. He kept habit until she was five, filling up three notebooks over the three years.答案the8.(2017江西赣中南五校一模,62) World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).答案The9.(2017河南八市重点高中质检,62)Now we know that they have same features that can also be found in sharks around Australia and the South Sea.答案theB组2017—2019年模拟·提升题组1.(2019届四川绵阳南山中学一诊)After that we’ll have some funs together, singing, dancing and playing games.答案funs→fun2.(2019届陕西榆林一次联考)My mother is sixty-five year old, who devotes herself to the whole family and us three daughters.答案year→years3.(2019届安徽黄山一中二次月考)In a course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas.答案a→the4.(2019届广东惠州二次调研)It was first time that he had been to China and he enjoyed his stayhere.答案first前加the5.(2019届甘肃敦煌中学一次诊断)I rushed out and it was my mother, who was already in the fifties, that brought me lunch, in spite of the heavy rain.答案第一个the→her6.(2019届甘肃敦煌中学一次诊断)In China, many parents make great sacrifice for our children. But what had the children done in return?答案our→their7.(2019届甘肃敦煌中学一次诊断)Parents have gained some life experience and they know how to act in different situations. That’s why we should ask them for help first when they haveproblems.答案when后的they→we8.(2019届甘肃静宁一中一次模拟) We could go wherever we like in one minute by spaceship, which would be much faster than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever you like without being concerned about unhealthy ingredients.答案you→we9.(2018河南豫南九校二次联考)At same time, I will ask my friends and parents to help me.答案At后加the10.(2018四川双流中学月考)As you travel, you will see beautiful sceneries and you can meet and make friends with people of different colors and races.答案sceneries→scenery11.(2018吉林百校联盟联考)I managed to calm them down and said we should all put us in others’shoes.答案us→ourselves12.(2018湖南永州一次模拟)They take the attitude that large crowds of tourist to the zoo will give rise to traffic jams.答案tourist→tourists13.(2018山西长治二中等五校摸底)It’s nice feeling to know you have helped to save those people’s lives.答案nice前加a14.(2017东北三省四市联考Ⅰ)He said he painted for a pleasure.答案去掉a15.(2017湖北荆门调研) Miss Ding was a very kind women teacher.答案women→woman16.(2017河南毕业班适应性考试) A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid.答案him→herC组2017—2019年模拟·综合题组Passage1(用所给词的适当形式填空)It was late at night. Two 1 (German) were sleeping in their room when one of them, Mrs. Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his 2 (lucky). She had three thousand 3 (dollar) in her pocket.“What should I do? Many 4 (thief) usually bring 5 (knife) with them,” she thought in 6 (silent).And at the same time the thief happened to touch a sports suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7 (Frenchman) were sleeping. When he was looking for 8 (money) or some 9 (jewel) in the next room, Mrs. Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened. He was so scared that he took out a knife. Just then the police showed up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him. For Mrs. Green, it was really an unusual 10 (experienced).1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案1.Germans2.luck3.dollars4.thieves5.knives6.silence7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.experiencePassage2(冠词填空)When I walked down Third Avenue, as 1 rule, I used to look into the windows of 2 old shop that sold old and beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against 3 windows to get 4 small look at the treasures inside.Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for 5 long time, but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface. I even thought they were 6 most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about 7 old, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when others missed it. I was raised by my grandmother and given 8 deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well, my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. My grandmother was loved by all 9 people around her. She was known to be 10 wise and kind woman, who was able to do things well even in her last years.Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished(失去光泽) by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案1.a2.an3.the4.a5.a6.the7.the8.a9.the10.aPassage3(代词填空)“Without the ball, I’m half complete of 1 (I),”Luis Figo, one of the world’s greatest football players once said.Luis Figo played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing 2 hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for 3 in Lisbon.“Figo, Figo,”they 4 shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.The Real Madrid player, 5 was 31,wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win another Spanish Cup with Real Madrid.Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82.4 million dollars in 2000,and he showed everyone what a great player 6 was by winning FIFA’s world footballer of the year award in 2001.“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player,” said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001.“Figo 7 (he) is a real leader who always tries 8 (he) best on the field and to be a good team player.He doesn’t have any problems working together with his teammate at Real Madrid,star footballer David Beckham.”In fact,Figo was the first 9 to welcome Beckham when he arrived.“We have a strong team,and we can help one 10 and work together to be successful,”Figo said.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案1.myself2.his3.him4.all5.who6.he7.himself8.his9.one10.another。
