简单句及并列句翻译及练习

简单句、并列句和复合句一句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句:1) 简单句:有时句子虽长, 但只有一个主谓结构, 仍是简单句, 例如:Yesterday we went to an exhibition on the life and work of Lenin, the great revolutionary leader of the working class.有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语, 也仍然是简单句There he was a leader of the student movement and took an active part in revolutionary work.Both the teachers and the students were very active in physical labour.Comrade Yang and I often study together and help each other.2) 并列句:一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构, 就称为并列句。

He was always close to the people, and the people loved him.I didn't make any mistakes in the test, but my handwriting was poor.Some are walking by the lake, others are sitting on the benches and chatting.并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。

各个分句用并列连词(如and, but 等)连接；在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词, 而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。

3) 复合句:I hope (希望) you will help me with my grammar. (作宾语)He took full notes while he read. (作状语)My idea is that we go by bicycle. (作表语)这种作为一个句子成分的主谓结构称为从句(以别于主句,即全句的主要部分)。

简单句的基本句型讲解（附练习题+答案）简单句：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）所构成的句子。

简单句分为5种基本句型：1．主语＋谓语（主语＋不及物动词）例1：My little sister can swim very well. 我妹妹游泳游得很好。

主语谓语（不及物动词）例2：The planehas already arrived. 飞机已经抵达。

主语谓语2．主语＋谓语＋宾语（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）例3：The poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg.主语谓语宾语泰坦尼克号上可怜的乘客们看到了冰山的顶部。

例4：The company makes films . 这家公司制作电影。

主语. 谓语宾语例5：Stanley bought a flat last year. Stanley去年买了套公寓。

主语谓语宾语3．主语＋系动词＋表语（主语＋连系动词＋表语）例6：My mother is a scientist. 我母亲是个科学家。

主语谓语表语例7：She looks young. 她看上去很年轻。

主语谓语表语例8：The cake tastes very yummy. 这蛋糕尝起来很美味。

主语谓语表语4．主语＋谓语＋双宾语（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）例9：My mother bought me a dictionary yesterday. 我母亲昨天给我买了本字典。

主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语例10：Can you give me the math book? 你能给我那本数学书吗？谓语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语例11：Will you tell us something about your school life?谓语主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语你给我讲讲你们的学习生活，好吗？5．主语＋谓语＋复合宾语（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋补语）例12：We must keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们必须保持教室干净、整洁。

1. 我想把王同志介绍给你。

I want to introduce Comrade Wang to you.2. 依我看，他在浪费时间。

In my opinion, he is wasting time.3. 由于大火的结果，成千上万的人失去了家园。

As a result of the fire, thousands of people lost their homes.4. 你能说英语，我也能。

You can speak English, and so can I.5. 学生们一路上不停地说笑。

The students went on talking and laughing all the way.6. 我妈妈叫我做作业，而不是洗碗。

My mother asked me to do my homework instead of washing dishes.7. 在公共场合，不允许人们吸烟。

People aren’t allowed to smoke in public places.8. 昨天下午我妈在那家商店给我买了橡皮、小刀和铅笔盒等。

Yesterday afternoon my mother bought me an eraser, a knife, a pencil-box and so on.9. 你怎样在夏天把水变成冰呢?How can you change water into ice in summer?10. 我英语发音方面有些困难。

I have some difficulty in English pronunciation.11. 你打算到北京呆多久呢?How long are you going to stay in Beijing?12. 祝你在深圳玩得愉快。

Have a pleasant/wouderful time in Shezhen.13. 这顶帽子是由手工而不是机器做的。

五种句型：1.历史在发展。

2.我们都呼吸、吃饭且喝水。

3.太阳从东方升起，西方落下。

4.孩子们是我们的快乐、希望和未来。

5.鱼在热天容易变坏。

6.他整天都保持沉默。

7.那个女孩看起来很高兴。

8.他知道一些法语和英语。

9.他喜欢玩篮球。

10.我不知道下一步要做什么。

11.我们能够学会新知识。

12.我们的老师给我么讲述了一个有趣的故事。

13.你愿意帮我一个忙吗？14.老师吧书给了那个小女孩。

15.他妈妈出示给我一些老照片。

16.请给我买两张电影票。

17.警察把钱包递给他的妹妹。

18.我想要把每件事在七点钟前准备好。

19.那个老板发现有人在教室里面读书。

20.他们看到火车离开了车站。

21.所有的学生都选汤姆做班长。

22.我们认为你的建议很有用。

巩固练习：1.英国、美国和澳大利亚都是讲英语的国家。

2.最后，布朗和他的朋友互换了礼物。

3.他穿上衣服、起了床，走了出去。

4.火车已于下午三点钟时到了。

5.当时，电话铃声响了。

6.昨天晚上，我的胃疼。

7.很快，彩虹消失了。

8.今天上午，他在家里打碎了一个杯子。

9.中国拥有大量的煤和天然气。

10.在晚会上，我们过得很开心。

11.他喜欢读一些有趣的书。

12.他向我展示了一台新电脑。

13. 这个公司去年提供了我一份好工作。

14.你们应该支付我十美元。

15.他们叫我汤姆。

16.你最好保持这条狗在屋子外面。

17.农夫们必须保持土壤处于良好的状态。

18.我看到工人们正在车间里工作。

19.他提高了声音目的是使自己被别人听到。

20.他将找人修房子。

并列句四种关系：1.铃声正在响，并且这节课结束了。

2.我正在工作，而我的同事在浏览网站。

3.多穿些衣服，否则你会感冒的。

4.昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。

5.我的自行车坏了，因此我走着回家。

6.他谈得很少，但他想的很多。

7.Mary 喜欢音乐和舞蹈，并且她唱的非常好。

8.或者他来这，或者我去那。

9.我们已获得了胜利，但是我们还有很长的路要走。

简单句：英语的五大基本句型！一、基本句型汉译英练习主谓结构说明：本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。

如，The sun rises.主语可有修饰语---定语，如，The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，The red sun rises in the east.翻译练习：1.你应当努力学习。

2.她昨天回家很晚。

3.那天早上我们谈了很多。

4.会议将持续两个小时。

5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。

7.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。

8.每天八时开始上课。

9.这个盒子重五公斤。

10.五年前我住在北京。

11.爱丽丝很会游泳。

12.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。

13.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。

14.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。

15.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。

二.Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语,才能表达完整的意思。

系动词主要包括：A）be动词。

如am,is are,was,were.如：He is clever.She is a beautiful girl.B)除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词。

如：feel, smell, taste, sound, look等。

如：This kind of cloth feels soft.That flower smells good.The food tastes delicious.That piece of music sounds beautiful.He looks ill today.2)表变化和结果的动词。

如：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。

英语专业四级翻译句子结构句子是语言表达的基本单位，在英语翻译中，准确地理解和转换句子结构至关重要。

本文将探讨英语专业四级考试中常见的句子结构，并提供相应的翻译技巧。

一、简单句简单句（Simple Sentence）是由一个主语和一个谓语构成的句子。

在翻译中，我们需要注意动词形式和时态的变化。

例句1: He studies English every day.翻译：他每天学习英语。

例句2: She is a teacher.翻译：她是一位教师。

二、并列句并列句（Compound Sentence）由两个或多个主句通过连接词（如and，but，or）连接而成。

在翻译中，我们需要注意连接词在汉语中的表达方式。

例句1: Tom likes playing basketball and his sister likes swimming.翻译：汤姆喜欢打篮球，而他姐姐喜欢游泳。

例句2: I wanted to go shopping, but it was raining.翻译：我想去购物，但是下雨了。

三、复合句复合句（Complex Sentence）是包含一个主句和一个或多个从句的句子。

从句可以是名词从句、形容词从句或者副词从句。

在翻译中，我们需要根据从句的类型选择合适的翻译方法。

1. 名词从句名词从句（Noun Clause）在句子中担任名词的成分。

常见的引导词有that，whether和疑问词（如who，what，when，where，why）。

例句1: She asked if I could help her.翻译：她问我能否帮助她。

例句2: I don't know where he went.翻译：我不知道他去哪里了。

2. 形容词从句形容词从句（Adjective Clause）在句子中担任形容词的成分，修饰名词或代词。

常见的引导词有that，which，who，whom，whose。

㈠简单句和并列句考点揭密(一)简单句由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+ 谓语。

(二)并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。

其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or中考考点设置(一)简单句1.主语、谓语在人称与数上的一致性。

and连接两个并列主语时为复数，谓语动词也相应地使用复数形式，但：(1)如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面都没有冠词，若两个词表示一个事物或一个概念，谓语动词要用单数；如果两个词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，谓语动词则要用复数。

(2)如果and连接的是两个可数单数名词，前一个有冠词，后一个没有冠词，意味着一个人或事物，谓语动词要用单数。

(3)当and连接的两个名词前都有each，every，many a，no等单数概念的限定词修饰时(第二个名词前的修饰词有时可以省略)，谓语动词要用单数。

2.陈述句与疑问句的转换。

3.选择疑问句。

4.反意疑问句。

(1)陈述句+省略问句(2)祈使句+附加疑问句(3)反意疑问句的回答(二)并列句(1)并列连词的选用。

(2)并列连词与从属连词的区别。

典型例题解析【例1】John likes walking in the open air, .(2001，吉林) A.so does Tom B.also does TomC.tom likes alsoD.so Tom does【例2】Joke broke his leg，_________?［2001，南京］A.did heB.didn't heC.do youD.don't you【例3】There will be a volleyball match in our school, ? ［2002，福州］A.be thereB.is thereC.will thereD.won't there【例4】Neither he nor I_________from Canada.We are from Australia.［2002，山西］A.isB.areC.amD.be【例5】There is a lot of_________in the box2002，吉林］A.cake B.bags of cakes k D.bags of milk （答案：ABDCC）课时训练1.We can't live_________water.A.withB.hasC.haven'tD.without2.We must hurry，_______we will be late for school.A.andB.orC.butD.if3._________you_________she are like English.A.Both...andB.Neither...norC.Either...orD.Not only...but also4.The number of the students_________50.A.areB.amC.isD.have5.He was tired,_________he still went on working.A.andB.butC.orD.also6._________Lily_________Lucy can go with you. Because one of them must look after their mother at home.A.Neither...norB.Either...orC.Both...andD.No tonly...but also7.Will you go and get some more_________for the teacher?A.chalksB.piece of chalkC.pieces of chalkD.pieces of chalks8._________is made of _________.A.Glasses，glassesB.A glass，glassC.Glasses，glassesD.A glass，glasses9.We are very tired,we should have_________rest.A.half an hourB.an hourC.half a hour'sD.an hour's10.I heard her_________in the next room.A.singingB.sangC.go singD.sing11.—I usually have breakfast at home.—_________.A.So have IB.So do IC.I have soD.I do so12.Open the door，_________?A.will youB.won't youC.don't youD.do you13.Sheep live on grass，_________?A.doesn't itB.don't theyC.does itD.do they14.He found_________interesting to learn English.A.itB.thisC.thatD.those15.Why_________the information on the Internet.A.not searchB.searchC.don't searchD.do search16.—You usually play football after school,don't you?—_________.But today I want to read English.A.Yes，I doB.No,I don'tC.No,I don'tD.No，I do17._________good weather it is today!A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a18.—He hasn't finished the work yet,has he?—_________.He finished it yesterday.A.Yes,he hasB.No,he hasn'tC.Yes,he hasn'tD.No,he has19.I didn't finish my homework yesterday.He didn'tfinish his homework,_________.A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.well20.—Let's talk about the picture,_________?A.will youB.won't youC.shall weD.shan't we21.—It's a beautiful day.—_________.A.so is itB.so it isC.so does itD.so it does22.There is going to _________a sports meeting next week.A.haveB.hasC.holdD.be23._________exciting the news is !A.WhatB.What anC.HowD.How an24.The weather in Beijing is worse than ______ in Nanjing.A.thatB.thoseC.itD.this25._________TV is my mother's hobby.A.WatchB.WatchingC.SeeingD.See（答案：DBACB，BCAAA，BBBAA，AAACC，BDCAB，）Ⅱ句型转换1.The mountain is very beautiful.(改为感叹句)______ ____beautiful mountain it is!2.How is the weather in China?(改为同义句)______the weather ______in China.3.The boy is the most careless in his class.(改为同义句)The boy is ______ ______than _________boy in his class.4.He didn't watch TV，his mother didn't either.(改为同义句)_________he ______his mother watched TV.5.I spent the whole afternoon learning English.(同上)I spent ______ _______ ________learning English.6.I spent 100 yuan on the coat.(同上)I _____100 yuan _____the coat.I ______100 yuan ________the coat.The coat _______me 100 yuan.7.He has worked in this school since 2 years ago.(对划线部分提问)_______ _______has he worked in this school.8.He joined the aray 3 months ago.(改为同义句)____ ____3 months since he joined the aray.3 months ______ _______since he joined the aray.He _____ ______ _______the aray for 3 months.9.The visitors had a good time in Beijing.(同上)The visitors ________ ___________in Beijing.10.He will come back in a week.(对划线部分提问)_______ _______will he come back?11.He has never been abroad.(改为反意疑问句)He has never been abroad，_____ _____?12.Don't go alone.(改为反意疑问句)Don't go alone,_____ _____?13.There is little meat in the fridge.(改为反意疑问句)There is little meat in the fridge,_____ _______?14.Why not ask the man over there?______ ______ ______ask the man over there?15.How many people are there in India?_______ _____ __________of India?答案：1What a，2What's / like，3more careless /any other，4Neither /nor，5all the afternoon，6 paid/ for，spent/buying ，cost 7How long8It is/has passes/has been in9enjoyed themselves 10 How soon 11has he12will you13isn't there14Why don't you15What's the population1. I hope that I will hear from you soon.I hope ______ ______ from you soon.2. I wonder how I can go there.I wonder ______ ______go there.3. When and where they should build a new power station is a difficult problem for them. When and where ______ ______ a new power station is a difficult problem for them.4. The teacher who is wearing glasses teaches us English.The teacher ______ glasses teaches us English.5. My father got up early so that he could catch the first bus.My father got up early ______ ______ ______ catch the first bus.6. The girl is so short that she cannot be a model.The girl is ______ short ______ be a model.7. Do you mind if I smoke here ?Do you mind ______ ______ here ?8. The girl who is dancing on the stage is my sister.The girl ______ on the stage is my sister.9. I think it important that middle school students should learn English.I think it ______ ______ middle school students ______ learn English.10. I feel that it is dangerous to play with fire.I feel ______ ______ to play with fire.11. Marx found that it was necessary to study Russia.Marx found______ ______ ______ study Russia.12. After his father died, he left his home town.He left his home town after the ______ ______his father.13. Don’t forget to turn off the gas before you leave the kitchen.Don’t forget to turn off the gas ______ ______ the kitchen.15. She won’t go to see the play because she has lost her ticket.She won’t go to see the play ______ ______losing her ticket.16. She went for a walk after she had supper.She went for a walk ______ ______.17. I could swim when I was eight years old.I could swim______ ______ ______ of eight.18. He was late for school because it rained heavily.He was late for school ______ ______ the ______ rain.19. I don’t know how I can answer the question.I don’t know ______ ______ ______ the question.20. Please tell me what I should do first.Please tell me ______ ______ ______ first.21. He is so young that he can’t join the army.He is ______ ______ ______ join the army.22. She works so hard that she can pass the exam.She works ______ ______ to pass the exam.23. If you use y our head, you’ll find a way.______ your ______, ______ you’ll find a way.24. If you don’t work hard, you won’t pass the exam.______ ______, ______ you won’t pass the exam.25. The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.The box is ______ ______ ______ us to carry.26. The problem is so easy that I can work it out.The problem is ______ ______ ______me ______ work out.27. I can’t pass the exam if you don’t help me.I can’t pass the exam ______your ______.28. I saw that he was playing computer games.I saw ______ ______ computer games.29. She heard that the boy cried all night.She heard the boy ______ all night.30. It seemed that he would catch up with others.He seemed ______ ______ up with others.将简单句改为复合句1. The problem is too difficult for us to work out.The problem is _______ ______ that we _______ work it out.2. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the party._______ you _______ hurry up, you’ll be late for the party.3. The tree is too tall for us to reach .The tree is _______tall _______ we can’t reach_______ .4. The teacher asked us to come earlier.The teacher asked us ______ ______ ______ come earlier.5. The doctor put down the telephone , and hurried to Jim’s home.______ the doctor put down the telephone, he went to Jim’s home as ______ as possible.6. Don’t play basketball here, or you may break the window.______ ______ play basketball here, you may break the window.7. He came late because of the bad traffic.He came late ______ the traffic was ______ .8. He built a lab at the age of nine.He built a lab ______ ______ ______ nine.9. I can’t finish the work in time without your help .I can’t finish the work if ______ ______ ______ me .10. The water was too dirty for us to drink.The water was ______dirty that we ______ drink ______.11. At the end of the meeting his bag was lost.He couldn’t find his bag ______the meeting ______over.12. The teacher told us to do the experiment.The teacher told us how ______ ______ ______ the experiment.13. Could you tell me how to get to the station?Could you tell me ______ ______ ______ get to the station?14. She likes pork a little, but she likes beef better.She ______ beef ______ ______ pork.15. Mike is the tallest student in his school.______ ______ in the school is taller than Mike。

简单句、并列句翻译练习2. 依我看，他在浪费时间。

In my opinion, he is wasting time.3. 由于大火的结果，成千上万的人失去了家园。

As a result of the fire, thousands of people lost their homes.4. 你能说英语，我也能。

You can speak English, and so can I.5. 学生们一路上不停地说笑。

The students went on talking and laughing all the way.6. 我妈妈叫我做作业，而不是洗碗。

My mother asked me to do my homework instead of washing dishes.7. 在公共场合，不允许人们吸烟。

People aren’t allowed to smoke in public places.8. 昨天下午我妈在那家商店给我买了橡皮、小刀和铅笔盒等。

Yesterday afternoon my mother bought me an eraser, a knife, a pencil-box and so on.9. 你怎样在夏天把水变成冰呢？How can you change water into ice in summer?10. 我英语发音方面有些困难。

I have some difficulty in English pronunciation.11. 你打算到北京呆多久呢？How long are you going to stay in Beijing?12. 祝你在深圳玩得愉快。

Have a pleasant/wouderful time in Shezhen.13. 这顶帽子是由手工而不是机器做的。

The hat is made by hand not by machine.14. 明天晚上我要到机场去送我姨妈。