新闻英语标题翻译省略

新闻英语的标题专题之五：省略有的读者读英语报刊，心中无数，东翻翻，西看看，总想挑容易的文章读。

一篇文章刚看了个头，一碰到生词，马上换一篇。

如此这般，换了六、七篇，还没确定读哪篇。

那么，应该怎么读？首先要有准备地阅读，如先大致了解一下某报各版的主要内容，然后按照自己的兴趣或事先拟订的阅读计划，选定一个版面，有选择地阅读。

如果碰到生词，也要坚定地读下去。

要知道，对于初、中等英语水平的读者，英语报刊文章很少会不出现生词。

其次要有步骤地阅读。

一般应先读标题，但由于标题（headline）短而精，不太好懂，不少读者常常绕开它。

这是不明智的。

一份英文报纸少则10至20版，多则数百版。

读者一般时间有限，谁都不可能像读课文或看小说那样从头至尾一字不漏地通读一遍。

我们拿起一份报纸总想迅速找到当天的报道重点或个人感兴趣的新闻和文章。

怎样寻找呢？这就需要找个“向导”作介绍。

显然，新闻标题就是十分理想的“向导”。

这是因为标题是新闻内容的集中和概括，它用简练的文字浓缩了新闻中最主要或最值得注意的内容。

英语新闻标题的措词、语法、修辞乃至标点符号等方面的特点较为突出，现一一予以简述。

省略标题是新闻不可分割的组成部分。

阅读英语报纸的新闻标题是我们学习阅读英语报刊的第一步。

这么说绝无夸张之意，从语法角度来看，英语新闻标题有其一套独特的语法体系，与人们平时常见的英语句子语法有所不同，新闻英语学者称之为“标题语言”（headlines）。

其中，标题中虚词的省略就是它的重要特点之一。

一般而言，标题中虚词省略现象主要表现在以下几个方面：1、冠词基本省略。

例如：tenth of british mackerel catch ground into feed. (a tenth of the british mackeel catch ground into feed.)英国捕获鳍鱼一成碾为饲料。

three g0rges flooded by 'farewell' tourists. (the three gorges flooded by 'farewell' tourists.)惜别之情难以挡游客蜂拥至三峡。

English News Headline1.英语新闻标题的语法Grammar1.1省略Omission1.1.1省略冠词Omission of articles例子：1）Top Indian hotel angry at BBC2）Berlin remembers fall of the Wall (BBC Nov 9, 2009)3）Officer in court for double killing1.1.2用逗号代替“and”The use of comma for “and”例子：1）China raises gasoline, diesel prices ((Xinhua) Updated: 2009-11-09 21:32 ) 1.1.3省略人称代词Omission of pronouns例子：1）Irish Group Kills Ex-Chief2）Mother, Daughter Share Fullbright Year1.1.4省略系动词Omission of a link verb “to be”例子：1）Widespread Fraud Seen in Latest Afghan Elections2）Three (are) dead after inhaling oven gas3）Courses on Practical Skills (Remain) Popular with Students1.1.5省略助动词Omission of an auxiliary verb “to be”例子：1）Financier Killed by Burglars2）Moscow’s food prices soaring3）Move to ban tobacco advertising4）Brazil student expelled after wearing mini-dress (China Daily 2009-11-09 ) *注释：标题中有时也会出现冠词、连词and和系动词to be等虚词和语法成分，它们没有被省略主要出于两个原因。

!!２００５年６月!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!外国语言文学研究!Ｊｕｎｅ２００５第５卷第２期!!ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎＦｏｒｅｉｇｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅａｎｄＬｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ!Ｖｏｌ．５Ｎｏ．２英语新闻标题修辞赏析与翻译李红霞（北京工业大学，北京，１０００２２）摘要：本文首先讨论了英语新闻标题的修辞特点，并结合大量实例分析各种修辞格在新闻标题中的运用，然后提出了如何翻译英语新闻标题的方法。

关键词：英语新闻；标题；修辞!一、引言当今社会，生活节奏越来越快，人们往往是先预览标题，然后再决定要不要看整篇文章。

标题在新闻中的重要性可见一斑，所以，好的标题一定要能唤起读者阅读的兴趣与愿望，给读者留下清新而深刻的印象。

在一定程度上，标题就是新闻的广告（Ｌｅｉｔｅｒ，Ｈａｒｒｉｓｓ＆Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ，２００３）。

为了突出新闻重点、刺激读者的阅读冲动，记者、编辑不惜努力，使英语新闻标题在词汇、语法、修辞、形式等方面形成了自己鲜明的特色，构成了独特的标题语言（ｈｅａｄ－ｌｉｎｅｓｅ）（转引自许明武，２００３）。

本文收集了近两年来在英美主要报刊发表的一些文章的标题，着重分析其修辞特点，并在此基础上总结英语新闻标题修辞的汉译方法。

二、英语新闻标题修辞特点１．简约新闻标题追求简单明了，一目了然。

在英美报刊上我们常常可以看见单词式标题、短语式标题或短句式标题。

另外，使用简短小词，省略一切无实意的词语，如冠词、介词、连词、系动词等，也是常用的手法。

请看下面这则标题：ＮＥＥＴＧｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ（ＴｈｅＧｕａｒｄｉａｎ，Ｎｏｖ．２，２００４）ＮＥＥＴ是ｎｏｔｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｍｐｌｏｙｍｅｎｔｏｒｔｒａｉｎｉｎｇ的首字母缩写，指的是一群“不上学，不工作，也不参加培训的年轻人”。

文章讨论了目前在日本和英国的年轻人中存在的ＮＥＥＴ现象，并探讨这种现象的社会源。

首字母缩写不仅使文章标题显得简洁，而且因为是作者新造的词，很容易引起读者的兴趣。

HEADLINES省略1）冠词省略：1. Milk buying system to be overhauled（=The Milk buying system to be overhauled）The government has vowed to overhaul the country's milk collection system to prevent contaminated milk from reaching food-processing plants2. First Chinese to spacewalk on Friday（=The first Chinese to spacewalk on Friday)The first Chinese astronaut is likely to walk in space around 4:30 pm on Friday, a day after spacecraft Shenzhou VII lifts off, the commander-in-chief of the mission's ground operation has said.2）联系动词省略：1.China big attraction for US – poll（= China is big attraction for US – poll）The Great Wall is the most recognized symbol of China among Americans, a survey released on Monday by US-based Perspective Resources Inc (PRI) has claimed.3）助动词省略：1．Shenzhou VII installed on carrier rocket, set forliftoff（= Shenzhou VII is installed on carrier rocket, set forliftoff ）2008-09-20 09:41:27BEIJING, Sept. 20 -- The Shenzhou VII spacecraft and its carrier rocket were assembled on Thursday evening, the latest step toward the launch of China's third manned space mission2．U.S. space shuttle Endeavor moved to launch pad as rescue ship(=U.S. space shuttle Endeavor was moved to launch padas rescue ship)2008-09-20 00:20:06WASHINGTON, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor was moved to its seaside launch pad in Florida early Friday to serve as a rescue ship for its sister ship Atlantis' Hubble service mission next month.4）连词省略：1．China, India conclude border talks without agreement2008-09-19 19:17:57BEIJING, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- China and India concluded two days of border talks on Friday without reaching any specific agreements2．Macao SAR, Mexico inked visa exemption agreement2008-09-19 17:48:54MACAO, Sept. 19 (Xinhua) -- China's Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) Fridaysigned a Mutual Visa Exemption Agreement with Mexico, which will grant Macao SAR Passport holders more convenience when entering the Latin American nation.5）代词省略：1. China dairies see investors dump stocks（= China dairies see investors dump their stocks）China's three leading dairy companies, in the swirl of the tainted milk scandal, saw their stock prices plunge Tuesday6）名词省略：1.Finnish gunman who made Web videos kills 10, self（= Finnish gunman who made Web videos kills 10 people, self）By MARIUS TURULA, Associated Press WriterKAUHAJOKI, Finland - A chilling YouTube video with a young man firing a pistol and warning "You will die next" caught the eye of police, who questioned him but then let him go, saying they didn't have enough evidence to take away his weapon.新闻First Chinese to spacewalk on FridayBy Xin Dingding (China Daily)Updated: 2008-09-24 07:03The first Chinese astronaut is likely to walk in space around 4:30 pm on Friday, a day after spacecraft Shenzhou VII lifts off, the commander-in-chief of the mission's ground operation has said.The historic moment will be broadcast live across the world, quoted Cui Jijun as having said on Tuesday, and the space environment is expected to be fine for the mission.Technicians help the Shenzhou VII spacewhip dock with the Long-March II-Frocket at an assembly plant in Jiuquan, Gansu province. [Xinhua]Shenzhou VII is scheduled to blast off from Jiuquan in Gansu province tomorrow night. The exact time will be announced on Wednesday.The Shenzhou-VII mission entered the countdown stage after the final check on the spacecraft, the carrier rocket and the ground operation system was completed Tuesday morning.Scientists simulated the ignition of the rocket and the in-flight moves of the capsule to test how the observation, control and communication systems at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center work.The rocket will be loaded with fuel after an overall quality review and approval of the mission headquarters. And all the settings of the spacecraft and the observation, control and communication systems will be frozen till the launch.The spacecraft, its Long-March II-F carrier rocket and the escape tower were fitted on the launch pad on Saturday.Technicians checked the rocket and the spacecraft on Monday to test how it functioned, Cui said. "All work well."The space environment will be stable and calm during the mission, the Center for Space Environment Research and Forecast (CSERF), affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said."After analyzing all the conditions, we predict that the space environment will be safe for the launch and the spacewalk," Liu Siqing, CSERF deputy director, said.Starting from Tuesday, the center will submit a report on space environment and all operation systems to the headquarters every day till the completion of mission, Liu said.The report will cover high-energy electrons, high-energy protons, X-rays and geomagnetic fields, which could affect the spaceship's flight.Huang Weifen, deputy chief designer of the mission's flight system, said six astronauts - three to fly out and three to be on standby - have reached Jiuquan on Sunday. One of the three on the spaceship will conduct the spacewalk.The six astronauts have been housed in a guarded quarantine facility, she said.Other mission staff have to wear masks and sterilized uniforms and undergo health checks before entering the compound, and cannot even shake hands with the astronauts.Doctors on the compound are closely monitoring the astronauts' physical and psychological states, she said.All the five satellite-tracking ships are in position to support China's first spacewalk mission. Four of the vessels are in the Pacific Ocean and one in the Atlantic.Jian Shilong, director of China Maritime Tracking and Control Department, said the ships would track and support Shenzhou VII, and monitor the spacewalk.The ships, which can control the shuttle's solar panels, its orbit maneuverings and help with its maintenance, are part of China's space telemetry network, which comprises about 20 terrestrial surveying stations, too.A new purpose-built media center will be opened in Beijing tomorrow for overseas journalists covering China's first spacewalk mission. This is the first time the country will open its space mission to the foreign media.关于灾难的文章UN Teams With China To Curb Natural Disaster RiskWednesday, 24 September 2008, 9:47 amPress Release: United NationsUN’s Asia-Pacific Arm Teams Up With China To Curb Disaster RiskNew York, Sep 23 2008 10:10AMThe United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) has joined forces with China, which was struck by a devastating earthquake in May that left nearly 100,000 dead or missing, to reduce the damage wrought by future disasters.“The Asia-Pacific region shares a disproportionate burden of the global loss of life from disast ers,” ESCAP Executive Secretary Noeleen Heyzer said today during a visit to China’s Sichuan province, which was ravaged by the May tremors.Some 80 per cent of casualties from global disasters in the past seven years have occurred in the region, which is home to six of the world’s 10 most affected countries by number of victims, she added.The new ESCAP-China partnership will focus on three key areas.First, it seeks to improve disaster risk reduction and preparedness by improving access to information, such as through early warning systems.It also aims to assess the socio-economic impact of disasters, and lastly it targets enhancing existing South-South cooperation to share disaster management experiences.Ms. Heyzer stopped in the town of Yingsiu, th e earthquake’s epicenter, situated200 kilometres northwest of Chengdu, Sichuan’s capital. “The smooth coordination with which the relief and rescue effort was undertaken despite the sheer enormity of the task is truly admirable,” she said.ENDS生词和词组搜集：1.curb [简明英汉词典] n.路边2.force [简明英汉词典]n.力量, 武力, 精力, 魄力, 势力, 暴力, [复]军队, 影响力vt.强制, 强加, (用武力)夺取, 促使, 推动, 施加压力3.devastating [简明英汉词典]adj.破坏性的, 全然的4.wrought [简明英汉词典]vbl.work的过去式和过去分词adj.做成的, 形成的, 精炼的, [冶](金属)锻造的5.burden [简明英汉词典]n.担子, 负担v.负担6.ravage [简明英汉词典]n.破坏, 蹂躏, 劫掠后的痕迹, 创伤v.毁坏, 掠7.CASUALTIES [简明英汉词典]人员伤亡8.partnership [简明英汉词典]n.合伙, 合股, 合伙企业, 合伙契约, [体]队友关系, (双人项目的)配对9.assess [简明英汉词典]vt.估定, 评定10.socioeconomic [简明英汉词典]adj.社会经济学的11.epicenter [简明英汉词典]n.震中, 中心12.situated [简明英汉词典]adj.位于,被置于境遇,处于...的立场13.enormity [简明英汉词典]n.暴行, 巨大, 极恶。

英语新闻标题的省略特征及翻译策略作者：张义来源：《新闻爱好者》2011年第04期摘要：阅读新闻是人们获取当今社会政治、经济、科学文化等信息的主要途径，新闻标题作为新闻内容的高度概括和集中，必须简短精练，才能符合版面要求和读者需要。

本文主要分析英语新闻标题的省略特征和方法，并通过中英文新闻标题的对比分析，总结出英语新闻标题汉译的最佳策略。

关键词：英语新闻标题省略方法英汉新闻标题对比汉译策略新闻标题的定义和功能“标题是用来说明消息内容，并通常以醒目的文字和字号出现在消息之上的简短文字。

标题的重要功能在于以最简明扼要的语言向读者揭示新闻的主要内容，使读者在最短的时间内获得尽可能多的信息。

在多数情况下，标题能决定读者对一条新闻的取舍。

”①在新闻英语标题的句法特征中，省略是最为明显的特征。

因为标题需要在有限的版面中尽可能清楚地说明新闻的内容，同时还要抓住读者的注意力，因而，新闻标题通常采用省略的办法进行“瘦身”。

以下是英语新闻标题常用的省略方法：使用形容词短语。

“为了节省版面，英语新闻的标题通常只保留实义词，而把一些没有实际意义，只有语法功能的词，如系动词be和冠词a，an，the省略。

”②因而在标题中出现了只有形容词短语、分词（-ing，-ed，）和动词不定式短语、介词短语的特殊用法。

在传统英语语法中，形容词和形容词短语是不能单独使用的，其前面必须要有系动词be或者become等其他系动词搭配使用，但在新闻标题中为了简约，就省略掉了这些系动词。

如：（1）Buenos Aires “close” to deal on fresh IMF loan译文：布宜诺斯艾利斯与国际货币基金组织就新一笔贷款协议“接近”成交（2）CIA wary on Iranian N-arms译文：中情局谨慎对待伊朗的核武器问题在第一个标题中，close作为一个形容词，需要在前面加上一个is，而在中文翻译版本中，是按照中文的行文习惯，将原文的形容词变成了中文的动词。

新闻定义1）News is a fresh report of events，facts，or opinions that people did not know before they read your story.（新闻就是针对人们读你的报道以前还不知道的事件、事实或观点的一种全新报道。

）2）News is anything timely that interests a number of persons，and the best news is that which has the greatest interest of the greatest number．（凡是及时的、能引起一部分人兴趣的东西，便是新闻。

而最好的新闻则是那种能够激起最大多数人最大兴趣的东西。

）3）News is any event，idea or opinion that is timely，that interests or affects a large number of people in a community and that is capable of being understood by them.（新闻是指人们能及时获悉的事件、观点或见解，它能吸引或影响社会上的许多人，并能为他们所理解。

）4）News is the reporting of anything timely which has importance，use，or interest to a consi-derable number of persons in a publication audience.（新闻是对任何事物的及时报道，对于读者群体中的许多人来说，这类报道具有重要性、实用性或趣味性。

）5）If a dog bites a man，it is not news；if a man bites a dog，it's （big）news.（狗咬人并非新闻，人咬狗才是（大）新闻。

新闻英语标题翻译:节缩词新闻标题除了使用缩写词外，还经常运用节缩词。

节缩词，亦称简缩词，通过“截头去尾”的方法将一些常用的名词、形容词等截短或缩短，其宗旨同样是为了节省标题字数。

如：graduate（毕业生）--grad；hospital（医院）--hosp；billion（十亿）--bn；percent（百分比）--pc；cigarette（香烟）--cig。

请看几则实例：Weekly Mag For Stamp Lovers To BeLaunched[Mag=Magazine(杂志)].集邮周刊即将发行。

New Groups Boost Hi-Tech Research[Hi-Tech=High Technology(高新技术)].新兴集团推动高新技术研究。

这类节缩词不仅在标题中广泛使用，以节省篇幅，而且还时常出现在新闻报道的行文中。

有时，这类词汇很难在词典中查到，现再汇列一些常见诸英语报端的这类节缩词，供读者读报时对照、查考：Aussie=Australian（澳大利亚的）biz=business（商业）champ=champion（冠军）con=convict（罪犯）deli=delicatessen（熟食）expo=exposition（博览会）homo=homosexual（同性恋）lib=liberation（解放）pro=professional（专业的，职业的）rep=representative（代表）Russ=Russia（俄罗斯）Sec=secretary（秘书）chute=parachute（降落伞）copter=helicoPter（直升机）natl=national（全国的）coml=commercial（商业的，广告）ctee=committee（委员会）Cwealth=Commonwealth（英联邦）telly=television（电视机）tech=technology（技术）pix=pictures（电影）vet=veteran（老兵，老手）vic=victory（胜利）。