弹性力学基本公式
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弹性力学基本公式
Scalar product(dot product):
cosuvuv iiuvuv
Vector product(cross product):
wuv
sinwuv 123123123eeeMRFrrrfff
Gradient of a scalar field:
iiGgradex
1/2
Divergence of a vector:
312123vvvvdivvxxx
Curl of a vector:
123123123eeevcurlvxxxvvv
Other relations between partial derivatives of , and v:
2222222123xxx
()
()vvv
()0curlgrad
()0divcurlvv
Kronecker delta ij (also called substitution operator)
ijjjijivvv 3ijij ijijee kkijikjkijij
Alternating tensor ijk (third order tensor)
ijkjkiuveuv ()ijkijkuvwuvw ijkistjsktj 6ijkkji Transformation of coordinates:
'ijijlee 'iijjele 'ijijele irjrrirjijllll 'iijjvlv 'ijijvlv
'iijjxlx 'ijijxlx ''jiijjixxlxx
Stress vector nT with cutting plane n:
niijjTn
Cauchy formulae for stress:
nnniiijijTnTnnn 222()nnnST
Principal stress:
From the equationniiijjiTnnn, we can calculate the direction of principal stresses.
From the equation321230III, we can get the principal stresses.
1112233I 1113222311122313332332122I 1112133212223313233I
Octahedral stresses:
222112233123111()33octnnnI
1223132221/2222()33octJ
Stress deviator tensor:
ijijijsp 1231()3p
11122331230Jssssss
222222212132322212132311()()()()261()()()6ijjixyyzxzxyyzxzJssssssss
333312312311()33xxyxzijjkkiyxyyzzxzyzsJsssssssssss
Relations between Ii and Ji: 22121(3)3JII 3311231(2927)27JIIII
1ijijI 2ijijJs 3223ikkjijijJssJ
Stress on hydrostatic axis and deviatoric plane:
1123111(,,)(,,)33333IONOPnp (,,)ONONnppp
2221232()2NPsssJ 123(,,)NPsss
Equations of equilibrium:
,0ijjiF ijji
Stain vector n with cutting plane n:
niijjn
Cauchy formulae for stress:
nnniiijijnnnn 222nn
Principal strain:
From the equationniiijjinnn, we can calculate the direction of principal stresses.
From the equation321230III, we can get the principal stresses.
Strain-Displacement relationships:
Lagrangian description: ,,,,1()2ijijjirirjuuuu 其中,iijjuux
22212xuuvwxxxx
122xyxyuvuuvvwwyxxyxyxy等等
Eulerian description: ////1()2ijijjirirjuuuu 其中/iijjuu
备注:应变张量是指pure deformation,而转动张量是指rigid body rotation。因此应变或变形的大小跟转动量无关,只跟几何方程中的二次项是否考虑有关。
Compatibility equations: ,,,,0ijklklijikjljlik
222222yxyxyxxy 2()2yzxyzxxxxyzyz等等
Generalized Hooke’s Law:
,ijijklklC
Isotropic linear elastic stress-strain relations:
2ijkkijij 12(32)2ijijkkij
1(1)(12)ijijkkijEE 1ijijkkijEE
2ijkkijijKGe 1132ijijijpsKG kkpK 2ijijsGe
Relationships among elastic Moduli:
2(1)E (12)(1)E 2(1)EG 3(12)EK
Strain energy and complementary energy:
0()ijijijijWd 0()ijijijijd
ijijW ijij
Isotropic nonlinear elastic stress-strain relations by modification of the linear models:
123123(1)(,,)(,,)ijijkkijFIJJFIJJ