弹性力学基本公式

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弹性力学基本公式

 Scalar product(dot product):

cosuvuv iiuvuv

 Vector product(cross product):

wuv

sinwuv 123123123eeeMRFrrrfff

Gradient of a scalar field:

iiGgradex

1/2

 Divergence of a vector:

312123vvvvdivvxxx

 Curl of a vector:

 123123123eeevcurlvxxxvvv

 Other relations between partial derivatives of , and v:

2222222123xxx

()

()vvv

()0curlgrad

()0divcurlvv

 Kronecker delta ij (also called substitution operator)

ijjjijivvv 3ijij ijijee kkijikjkijij

 Alternating tensor ijk (third order tensor)

ijkjkiuveuv ()ijkijkuvwuvw ijkistjsktj 6ijkkji  Transformation of coordinates:

'ijijlee 'iijjele 'ijijele irjrrirjijllll 'iijjvlv 'ijijvlv

'iijjxlx 'ijijxlx ''jiijjixxlxx

 Stress vector nT with cutting plane n:

niijjTn

 Cauchy formulae for stress:

nnniiijijTnTnnn 222()nnnST

 Principal stress:

From the equationniiijjiTnnn, we can calculate the direction of principal stresses.

From the equation321230III, we can get the principal stresses.

1112233I 1113222311122313332332122I 1112133212223313233I

 Octahedral stresses:

222112233123111()33octnnnI

1223132221/2222()33octJ

 Stress deviator tensor:

 ijijijsp 1231()3p

11122331230Jssssss

222222212132322212132311()()()()261()()()6ijjixyyzxzxyyzxzJssssssss

333312312311()33xxyxzijjkkiyxyyzzxzyzsJsssssssssss

 Relations between Ii and Ji: 22121(3)3JII 3311231(2927)27JIIII

1ijijI 2ijijJs 3223ikkjijijJssJ

 Stress on hydrostatic axis and deviatoric plane:

1123111(,,)(,,)33333IONOPnp (,,)ONONnppp

2221232()2NPsssJ 123(,,)NPsss

 Equations of equilibrium:

,0ijjiF ijji

 Stain vector n with cutting plane n:

niijjn

 Cauchy formulae for stress:

nnniiijijnnnn 222nn

 Principal strain:

From the equationniiijjinnn, we can calculate the direction of principal stresses.

From the equation321230III, we can get the principal stresses.

 Strain-Displacement relationships:

 Lagrangian description: ,,,,1()2ijijjirirjuuuu 其中,iijjuux

22212xuuvwxxxx

122xyxyuvuuvvwwyxxyxyxy等等

 Eulerian description: ////1()2ijijjirirjuuuu 其中/iijjuu

 备注:应变张量是指pure deformation,而转动张量是指rigid body rotation。因此应变或变形的大小跟转动量无关,只跟几何方程中的二次项是否考虑有关。

 Compatibility equations:  ,,,,0ijklklijikjljlik

222222yxyxyxxy 2()2yzxyzxxxxyzyz等等

 Generalized Hooke’s Law:

,ijijklklC

 Isotropic linear elastic stress-strain relations:

2ijkkijij 12(32)2ijijkkij

1(1)(12)ijijkkijEE 1ijijkkijEE

2ijkkijijKGe 1132ijijijpsKG kkpK 2ijijsGe

 Relationships among elastic Moduli:

2(1)E (12)(1)E 2(1)EG 3(12)EK

 Strain energy and complementary energy:

0()ijijijijWd 0()ijijijijd

ijijW ijij

 Isotropic nonlinear elastic stress-strain relations by modification of the linear models:

123123(1)(,,)(,,)ijijkkijFIJJFIJJ