2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版

Unit 4 Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

Ivanka Trump，daughter of US President Donald Trump，has been given her own West Wing office，confirming her position as a key member of her father's White House team.When she moved to Washington earlier this year，Ivanka said she would not be playing a formal role in the administration.However，it was confirmed that the first daughter now has a West Wing office next to senior adviser Dina Powell，who serves on the National Security Council.Ivanka will get access to classified information and be given security clearance.Ivanka has been a very visible presence during Trump's first two months in the White House，participating in meetings with Shinzo Abe，the Japanese prime minister，Justin Trudeau，the Canadian prime minister，and Angela Merkel，the German chancellor.Her regular presence has raised_eyebrows because she has no official position.Jamie Gorelick，a lawyer and ethics adviser for Ivanka，detailed her new privileges and said she would follow the ethics rules that apply to government employees.1．Where is this passage likely to be read?A．Magazine. B．Journal.C．Newspaper. D．Document.2．How long has Ivanka been working in the White House?A．Since the beginning of this year.B．Since two months ago.C．Since Trump came to power.D．Since she was appointed.3．Who works together with Ivanka in the White House?A．Dina Powell. B．Shinzo Abe.C．Justin Trudeau. D．Angela Merkel.4．Which of the following can replace the underlined words “raised eyebrows”？A．Drawn attention. B．Caused surprise.C．Brought anger. D．Made argument.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，美国第一千金Ivanka Trump在白宫设立办公室，这确定了她在特朗普白宫团队中的关键地位。

Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. At some point in every speech, every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned. Fortunately, such moments are usually not obvious to the listeners. Why? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say. If you lose your place for a moment, wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences, or forget to pause at a certain point, no one will be any the wiser. When such moments occur, don’t worry about them. Just continue as if nothing happened.Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that doesn’t really matter. If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King’s famous speech —＂I Have a Dream＂, you may notice that he stumbles (结巴)over his words twice during the speech. Most likely, however, you don’t remember. Why? Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech-making.People care a lot about making a mistake in a speech because they regard speech-making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication. They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating competition. But, in fact, the listeners are not looking for a perfect performance. They are looking for awell-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly. Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human.As you work on your speech, don’t worry about being perfect. Once you free your mind of this, you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.1.The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will .A.be smarter than youB. know what you are talking aboutC.do better than youD. notice your mistakes2.You don’t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because .A. you find the way of speech-making more importantB. you don’t fully understand the speechC. you don’t know what the speaker plans to sayD. your attention is on the content3.From the last two paragraphs, the author means that .A. giving a speech is like giving a performanceB. the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is madeC.one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad。

Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S. last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops.Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.1.The passage mainly talks about________.A. the world's food problemB. the development in biotechC. the genetically modified foodsD. the way to solve food shortages2.According to the passage, GM foods________.A. will replace naturally grown foodsB. are far better than naturally grown foodsC. may help to solve the problem of poor nutritionD. can cause serious trouble in developing countries3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.” in Paragraph 2 probablymeans that________.A.GM foods are available everywhereB. the technology in producing GM foods is advancedC. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powersD. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?A. Enthusiastic.B. Cautious.C. Disapproving.D. Unbelievable.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。

Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

During the last decade the number of people living past 100 has increased by 71 percent. While one expert believed this figure will continue to rise, he stated that anyone hoping to live for double or triple(三倍) this time will be disappointed. Speaking at a conference, Colin Blakemore, 70, a British scientist, claimed there is a ceiling on how long humans can live, and six score years “might be a real absolute limit to human lifespan. ”A group of scientists discussed the future of medicine, global health concerns and life expectancy. It agreed that medicines will have a limited impact on extending human life, and it was more important to improve the health and quality of life for older people, rather than prolonging it. The group also stated it was important to improve the life expectancy in poorer areas where people typically die much younger than other areas.The 2014 Global Age Watch Index(全球年龄指数), which ranks 96 nations on the quality of life for the elderly, recently stated that by 2050, the number of over 60s will be 21 percent of the global population. This is almost double the current figure of 12 percent. The percentage of over 80s is growing fastest, too—expected to rise from 2 percent now to 4 percent of the global population by 2050.While it could take years of research to extend humans’ lives, the study raises the possibility of anti-ageing treatments in a new way, according to Dr Kapahi.The research, reported in the journal Cell Reports, may explain why it has proved so difficult to identify single genes(基因) responsible for the long lives enjoyed by humans. “It’s quite probable that interactions between genes are critical in those fortunate enough to live very long, healthy lives, ” said Dr Kapahi. Future research is expected to use mice to see if the same effects occur in mammals. 【文章大意】在过去十年里, 寿命达到100岁以上的老人的数量激增了71%。

Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they’re usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it good for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes are planted under the canopy(树荫) of taller trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full­sun coffee. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases the local wildlife habitat, because native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者) on the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full­sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂) are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plants, and then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as “shade­g rown” and “bird­friendly”. Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we’re paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it’s worth it.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，通过拉丁美洲的农民种植咖啡作物的事例说明了咖啡作物长在树下对生态系统的重要性。

必修5 Unit 4 Making the news李仕才Ⅰ.阅读理解AAt 23, my career got going. I was midway through a master's degree at the London School of Economics and Political Science and had been hired as a part­time reporter for a finance website. I got a great one­month review and my boss asked if I was interested in staying at the company after graduation.However, balancing graduate studies with work was challenging. To deal with it, I checked my real self at my office door. I came in to work, greeted my colleagues and listened more than I contributed in each morning meeting. The small team I worked with often seemed busy, so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down, I stayed back.After four months, my boss called me into his office. The meeting was going well until he told me that despite the great work I had produced, the team had held a meeting and decided, “We don't think it's the right fit.”I must have looked confused.“You're ambitious, intelligent and will be very successful，” my boss said. “But you haven't made enough effort to join the team. You lost the enthusiasm you showed in your interview. That won't work long term, and if I could give you one piece of advice, it would be to get your guard down.”I couldn't believe that performing well at my job wasn't enough to keep it. But I knew my boss was right. They knew that when they hired me, I had no experience in finance reporting, yet they took a chance on me. In meetings I usually contributed last, after I had heard everyone else's suggestions.I did it to show that I was a listener, but also to hide my fears. They liked the person who walked into the interview, and they didn't respect me when I hid that person from them.“Don't leave before you leave.” That advice is essential for women at all stages of our careers. Because we work so hard for success, we don't like to think that we hurt ourselves sometimes. But each of us must change when necessary. In trying to earn a full­time job, I “leaned back” in order not to show too much of myself or my lack of expertise(专门知识). I learned that the hard way wasn't the way to achieve our goals.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

Unit 4 Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

（2019·四川成都高中毕业班检测）Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench.But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil， is only about 9 cm long，which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.While this inaccuracy may seem harmless， it could cause problems for future conservation efforts， as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scary­looking animals.The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2019 to 2019，scientists described about 1，200 new species in the Census of Marine Life. While this figure may seem astonishing， a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen（标本） jars， waiting to be described.Specimens must be methodically collected， identified， and then the identity of new deep­water species must be confirmed.If we call unusual deep­sea animals monsters， then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.On the other hand， their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites. For other species， this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets. Deep­sea species may potentially become illegally obtained specimens or food. Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science.Every habitat on earth is interconnected， and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems. In reality， about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms（微生物） in the oceans. This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.【解题导语】本文主要从电影里对深海物种的不准确认识，谈到了保护深海物种的重要性。

Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State，after spotting them running around and idly(漫不经心地)wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads.Today，everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”．Mary started bringing them food，and gradually they began to trust her.She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture.Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits，she started posting similar photos on Facebook.The response was greatly positive，and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation.Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College，Mary was always fond of birds and animals around her home，but she didn't interact(交流)with people very much.She was later diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome，but the squirrels changed that.“The squirrels help me break the ice，because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and we'll just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them，”she said.“I am a lot more outgoing.”And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos，it has a lot to do with food.For example，whenever she wants them to hold or play with something，she puts peanut butter on the prop(道具)，and they'll grab it.But getting to that part took a while.In the beginning，she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them，but they hesitated to approach her.She had the patience to earn their trust，though.This year，Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences.She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment.As for her furry friends，Mary plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.1．What does the underlined word “sensation”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Hit. B．Challenge.C．Attack. D．Link.2．What kind of change do squirrels bring to Mary?A．She is sicker than before.B．She is more interested in animals.C．She is more sociable than before.D．She is less willing to go to college.3．How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?A．By putting them in cages.B．By playing music to them.C．By attracting them with colorful food.D．By building a close relationship with them.4．Which words can best describe Mary?A．Confident and strong.B．Patient and caring.C．Sociable and healthy.D．Traditional and hard­working.【解题导语】宾夕法尼亚大学的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向起来。

Unit 4 Making the news李仕才【短文语法填空】Helping a person forget something is rarely easy, especially if the “something”is hurtful or negative. Use some simple techniques to distract from the issue and1. (hope) with time going by, the person won’t be able to remember2. heis supposed to forget.Remove all the items that may bring back the memory. Any small objects can joghis memory, so carefully replace any photos, diaries or any other 3. (person) objects or presents with new items.Change the subject whenever your friend brings it up. Don’t do this in 4. obvious way because this is annoying, but do it without his awareness of your 5. (intend). Tell some 6. (amuse) stories or talk about important and happy eventsin your frien d’s life such as a new nephew or a work promotion.Occupy him with 7. (activity) and appointments. Keeping him too busy 8. (think) about the past helps him see a positive light. Create a full schedule and introduce new things and experiences, such as a cooking class, which require concentration.Be patient and allow time to get over things. It will be often a long time 9. your friend fully removes that memory, so don’t be 10. (disappoint) if it doesn’t happen immediately.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了帮助他人忘掉不快乐的记忆的四条建议。

Unit 4 Making the news李仕才一、阅读理解。

Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激)from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn’t really done anything yet.I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打扰)on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it.Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS­related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others’ presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。