李高岩-剑桥9 Test3小作文 A类5分雅思小作文

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剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test3)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Attitudes to languageIt is not easy to be systematic and objective about language study. Popular linguistic debate regularly deteriorates into invective and polemic. Language belongs to everyone, so most people feel they have a right to hold an opinion about it. And when opinions differ, emotions can run high. Arguments can start as easily over minor points of usage as over major policies of linguistic education.Language, moreover, is a very public behaviour, so it is easy for different usages to be noted and criticised. No part of society or social behaviour is exempt: linguistic factors influence how we judge personality, intelligence, social status, educational standards, job aptitude, and many other areas of identity and social survival. As a result, it is easy to hurt, and to be hurt, when language use is unfeelingly attacked.In its most general sense, prescriptivism is the view that one variety of language has an inherently higher value than others, and that this ought to be imposed on the whole of the speech community. The view is propounded especially in relation to grammar and vocabulary, and frequently with reference topronunciation. The variety which is favoured, in this account, is usually a version of the ‘standard’ written language, especially as encountered in literature, or in the formal spoken language which most closely reflects this style. Adherents to this variety are said to speak or write ‘correctly’; deviations fr om it are said to be ‘incorrect’.All the main languages have been studied prescriptively, especially in the 18th century approach to the writing of grammars and dictionaries. The aims of these early grammarians were threefold: (a) they wanted to codify the principles of their languages, to show that there was a system beneath the apparent chaos of usage, (b) they wanted a means of settling disputes over usage, and (c) they wanted to point out what they felt to be common errors, in order to ‘improve’ the la nguage. The authoritarian nature of the approach is best characterized by its reliance on ‘rules’ of grammar. Some usages are ‘prescribed’, to be learnt and followed accurately; others are ‘proscribed’, to be avoided. In this early period, there were no half-measures: usage was either right or wrong, and it was the task of the grammarian not simply to record alternatives, but to pronounce judgement upon them.These attitudes are still with us, and they motivate a widespread concern that linguistic standards should be maintained. Nevertheless, there is an alternative point of view that is concerned less with standards than with the facts of linguistic usage. This approach is summarized in the statement that it is the task of the grammarian to describe, not prescribe —to record the facts of linguistic diversity, and not to attempt the impossible tasks of evaluating language variation or halting language change. In the second half of the 18th century, wealready find advocates of this view, such as Joseph Priestley, whose Rudiments of English Grammar (1761) insists that ‘the custom of speaking is the original and only just standard of any language’. Linguistic issue, it is argued, cannot be solved by logic and legislation. And this view has become the tenet of the modern linguistic approach to grammatical analysis.In our own time, the opposition between ‘descriptivists’ and ‘prescriptivists’ has often become extreme, with both sides painting unreal pictures of the other. Descriptive grammarians have been presented as people who do not care about standards, because of the way they see all forms of usage as equally valid. Prescriptive grammarians have been presented as blind adherents to a historical tradition. The opposition has even been presented in quasi-political terms —of radical liberalism vs elitist conservatism.Questions 1-8Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this1 There are understandable reasons why arguments occur about language.2 People feel more strongly about language education than about small differences in language usage.3 Our assessment of a person’s intelligence is affected by the way he or she uses language.4 Prescriptive grammar books cost a lot of money to buy inthe 18th century.5 Prescriptivism still exists today.6 According to descriptivists it is pointless to try to stop language change.7 Descriptivism only appeared after the 18th century.8 Both descriptivists and prescriptivists have been misrepresented.Questions 9-12Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 9-12 on your answer sheet.The language debateAccording to 9______, there is only one correct form of language. Linguists who take this approach to language place great importance on grammatical 10 ______.Conversely, the view of 11 ______, such as Joseph Priestly, is that grammar should be based on 12 ______.A descriptivistsB language expertsC popular speechD formal languageE evaluationF rulesG modern linguists H prescriptivists I changeQuestion 13Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 13 on your answer sheet.What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage 1?A. to argue in favour of a particular approach to writing dictionaries and grammar booksB. to present a historical account of differing views of languageC. to describe the differences between spoken and written languageD. to show how a certain view of language has been discreditedREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Tidal PowerUndersea turbines which produce electricity from the tides are set to become an important source of renewable energy for Britain. It is still too early to predict the extent of the impact they may have, but all the signs are that they will play a significant role in the futureA. Operating on the same principle as wind turbines, the power in sea turbines comes from tidal currents which turn blades similar to ships’ propellers, but, unlike wind, the tid es are predictable and the power input is constant. The technology raises the prospect of Britain becoming self-sufficient in renewable energy and drastically reducing its carbon dioxide emissions. If tide, wind and wave power are all developed, Britain would be able to close gas, coal and nuclear power plants and export renewable power to other parts of Europe. Unlike wind power, which Britain originally developed and then abandoned for 20 years allowing the Dutch to make it a major industry, undersea turbines could become a big export earner to island nations such as Japan and New Zealand.B. Tidal sites have already been identified that will produce one sixth or more of the UK’s power —and at prices competitive with modern gas turbines and undercutting those of the already ailing nuclear industry. One site alone, the Pentland Firth, between Orkney and mainland Scotland, could produce 10% of the country’s electricity with banks of turbines under the sea,and another at Alderney in the Channel Islands three times the 1,200 megawatts of Britain’s largest and newest nuclear plant, Sizewell B, in Suffolk. Other sites identified include the Bristol Channel and the west coast of Scotland, particularly the channel between Campbeltown and Northern Ireland.C. Work on designs for the new turbine blades and sites are well advanced at the University of Southampton’s sustainable energy research group. The first station is expected to be installed off Lynmouth in Devon shortly to test the technology in a venture jointly funded by the department of Trade and Industry and the European Union. AbuBakr Bahaj, in charge of the Southampton research, said: ‘The prospects for energy from tidal currents are far better than from wind because the flows of water are predictable and constant. The technology for dealing with the hostile saline environment under the sea has been developed in the North Sea oil industry and much is already known about turbine blade design, because of wind power and ship propellers. There are a few technical difficulties, but I believe in the next five to ten years we will be installing commercial marine turbine farms.’ Southampton has been awarded ￡215,000 over three years to develop the turbines and is working with Marine Current Turbines, a subsidiary of IT power, on the Lynmouth project. EU research has now identified 106 potential sites for tidal power, 80% round the coasts of Britain. The best sites are between islands or around heavily indented coasts where there are strong tidal currents.D. A marine turbine blade needs to be only one third of the size of wind generator to produce three times as much power. The blades will be about 20 metres in diameter, so around 30 metres of water is required. Unlike wind power, there are unlikelyto be environmental objections. Fish and other creatures are thought unlikely to be at risk from the relatively slow-turning blades. Each turbine will be mounted on a tower which will connect to the national power supply grid via underwater cables. The towers will stick out of the water and be lit, to warn shipping, and also be designed to be lifted out of the water for maintenance and to clean seaweed from the blades.E. Dr Bahaj has done most work on the Alderney site, where there are powerful currents. The single undersea turbine farm would produce far more power than needed for the Channel Islands and most would be fed into the French Grid and be re-imported into Britain via the cable under the Channel.F. One technical difficulty is cavitation, where low pressure behind a turning blade causes air bubbles. These can cause vibration and damage the blades of the turbines. Dr Bahaj said: ‘We have to test a number of blade types to avoid this happening or at least make sure it does not damage the turbines or reduce performance. Another slight concern is submerged debris floating into the blades. So far we do not know how much of a problem it might be. We will have to make the turbines robust because the sea is a hostile environment, but all the signs that we can do it are good.’Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.14 the location of the first test site15 a way of bringing the power produced on one site backinto Britain16 a reference to a previous attempt by Britain to find an alternative source of energy17 mention of the possibility of applying technology from another industryQuestions 18-22Choose FIVE letters, A-J.Write the correct letters in boxes 18-22 on your answer sheet.Which FIVE of the following claims about tidal power are made by the writer?A It is a more reliable source of energy than wind power.B It would replace all other forms of energy in Britain.C Its introduction has come as a result of public pressure.D It would cut down on air pollution.E It could contribute to the closure of many existing power stations in Britain.F It could be a means of increasing national income.G It could face a lot of resistance from other fuel industries.H It could be sold more cheaply than any other type of fuel.I It could compensate for the shortage of inland sites for energy production.J It is best produced in the vicinity of coastlines with particular features.Questions 23-26Label the diagram below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.An Undersea TurbineREADING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Information theory-the big ideaInformation theory lies at the heart of everything —from DVD players and the genetic code of DNA to the physics of the universe at its most fundamental. It has been central to the development of the science of communication, which enables data to be sent electronically and has therefore had a major impact on our livesA. In April 2002 an event took place which demonstrated one of the many applications of information theory. The space probe, Voyager I, launched in 1997, had sent back spectacular images of Jupiter and Saturn and then soared out of the Solar System on a one-way mission to the stars. After 25 years of exposure to the freezing temperatures of deep space, the probe was beginning to show its age. Sensors and circuits were on the brink of failing and NASA experts realized that they had to do something or lose contact with their probe forever. The solution was to get a message to Voyager I to instruct it to use spares to change the failing parts. With the probe 12 billion kilometers from Earth, this was not an easy task. By means of a radio dish belonging to NASA’s Deep Space Network, the message was sent out into the depths of space. Even travelling at the speed of light, it took over 11 hours to reach its target, far beyond the orbit of Pluto. Yet, incredibly, the little probe managed to hear the faint call from its home planet, and successfully made the switchover.B. It was the longest-distance repair job in history, and a triumph for the NASA engineers. But it also highlighted the astonishing power of the techniques developed by American communications engineer Claude Shannon, who had died just ayear earlier. Born in 1916 in Petoskey, Michigan, Shannon showed an early talent for maths and for building gadgets, and made breakthroughs in the foundations of computer technology when still a student. While at Bell Laboratories, Shannon developed information theory, but shunned the resulting acclaim. In the 1940s, he single-handedly created an entire science of communication which has since inveigled its way into a host of applications, from DVDs to satellite communications to bar codes — any area, in short, where data has to be conveyed rapidly yet accurately.C. This all seems light years away from the down-to-earth uses Shannon originally had for his work, which began when he was a 22-year-old graduate engineering student at the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939. He set out with an apparently simple aim: to pin down the precise meaning of the concept of ‘information’. The most basic form of information, Shannon argued, is whether something is true or false —which can be captured in the binary unit, or ‘bit’, of the form 1 or 0. Having identified this fundamental unit, Shannon set about defining otherwise vague ideas about information and how to transmit it from place to place. In the process he discovered something surprising: it is always possible to guarantee information will get through random interference —‘noise’ — intact.D. Noise usually means unwanted sounds which interfere with genuine information. Information theory generalses this idea via theorems that capture the effects of noise with mathematical precision. In particular, Shannon showed that noise sets a limit on the rate at which information can pass along communication channels while remaining error-free. This ratedepends on the relative strengths of the signal and noise travelling down the communication channel, and on its capacity (its ‘bandwidth’). The resulting limit, given in units of bits per second, is the absolute maximum rate of error-free communication given singal strength and noise leve. The trick, Shannon showed, is to find ways of packaging up —‘coding’ — information to cope with the ravages of noise, while staying within the information-carrying capacity —‘bandwidth’ — of the communication system being used.E. Over the years scientists have devised many such coding methods, and they have proved crucial in many technological feats. The Voyager spacecraft transmitted data using codes which added one extra bit for every single bit of information; the result was an error rate of just one bit in 10,000 — and stunningly clear pictures of the planets. Other codes have become part of everyday life — such as the Universal Product Code, or bar code, which uses a simple error-detecting system that ensures supermarket check-out lasers can read the price even on, say, a crumpled bag of crisps. As recently as 1993, engineers made a major breakthrough by discovering so-called turbo codes —which come very close to Shannon’s ultimate limit for the maximum rate that data can be transmitted reliably, and now play a key role in the mobile videophone revolution.F. Shannon also laid the foundations of more efficient ways of storing information, by stripping out superfluous (‘redundant’) bits from data which contributed little real information. As mobile phone text messages like ‘I CN C U’ show, it is often possible to leave out a lot of data without losing much meaning. As with error correction, however, there’s a limit beyond which messages become too ambiguous. Shannonshowed how to calculate this limit, opening the way to the design of compression methods that cram maximum information into the minimum space.Questions 27-32Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.27 an explanation of the factors affecting the transmission of information28 an example of how unnecessary information can be omitted29 a reference to Shannon’s attitude to fame30 details of a machine capable of interpreting incomplete information31 a detailed account of an incident involving information theory32 a reference to what Shannon initially intended to achieve in his researchQuestions 33-37Complete the notes below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS form the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet.The Voyager 1 Space ProbeThe probe transmitted pictures of both 33______ and ______, then left the 34 ______.The freezing temperatures were found to have a negative effect on parts of the space probe.Scientists feared that both the 35 ______ and ______ wereabout to stop working.The only hope was to tell the probe to replace them with 36 ______ —but distance made communication with the probe difficult.A 37 ______ was used to transmit the message at the speed of light.The message was picked up by the probe and the switchover took place.Questions 38-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passge 3?In boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this38 The concept of describing something as true or false was the starting point for Shannon in his attempts to send messages over distances.39 The amount of information that can be sent in a given time period is determined with reference to the signal strength and noise level.40 Products have now been developed which can convey more information than Shannon had anticipated as possible.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test3)PASSAGE 1 参考译文：对语言的态度对于语言进行系统、客观的研究并不容易。

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下面是店铺整理的剑桥雅思9作文范文，希望能帮到大家!剑桥雅思9作文Test1Task1The two drawings illustrate the changes of the same island before and after the construction ofsome transport and service buildings.It is clear that before development, the horizontal island which is about 260 meters long has a Few trees on both east and west sides. Furthermore, on the west edge, a small beach is located for tourism in the future.The layout changes tremendously after buildings are constructed in almost the whole island. The trees on the east side are kept for the natural view.However, the west trees are surrounded by some accommodation houses, with a footpath linked to the beach where a swimming zone is closely connected, Next to the western accommodation, there is a reception building around which a vehicle track road heading to the south pier for tourist sailing is just paved. On the opposite side of the pier, a restaurant stands at the north side near the seashore. The center of, the island is also designed to supply housing for tourists.In sum, comparing the two drawings,tremendous developments have been evident.These developments make the whole island crowded with modern facilities, which may cause damages to the environment.剑桥雅思9作文Test1Task2Most parents and teachers believe that kids should start language learning in their middleschools. However, some elementary schools also provide foreign language learning as a test in educational field. Obviously, it contains positive as well as negative influence. Lingual skills from primary education are always based on the great interests kid's obtained in expressing their feelings. The strong motivation helps students acquire language with ease and fun, and then their unshaped mother language will also remove the barrier between one language and another. More importantly, without exerted pressing stress from tests and exams, students may devote themselves to language itself but nothing elseHowever, the primary education for language learning is not as perfect as it sounds. The overly flexible timetable for language learning will never ensure that children have mastered some key features of lingual skills. Compared with that, secondary school will supply more professional lessons with accurate teaching from which children can benefit a lot. However, if so, this activity will entirely ruin the interests of language learning for kids, which shift their flexible foreign language interests into the forced and test-oriented study all the time. Thus, this should never be put into practice for a better result until secondary schools. Obviously, primary school should also make some revolutionary changes for a better lingual atmosphere to cater to kids' interests.In sum, all the contributions made to optimize language learning will benefit both individuals as well as the community, culturally and traditionally, so the adjustments in primary education will be the key to solve this educational problem.剑桥雅思9作文Test2Task1The bar chart reveals the time spent in the UK for differenttypes of telephone calls from 1995 to 2002 Generally, among three categories including "local一fixed line", "national and international一fixed line" and "mobiles (all calls)", local phone calls accounted for the largest proportion of all usage, ranging from 70 to 90 billion minutes. Next to it, national and international ones took the second position standing at 38 to 60 million minutes. obviously, the mobiles took up the smallest part (3 to 40 billion minutes).The trends of the telephone usage changed during the 8 years. The local phone calls peaked at 90 billion minutes in 1999, and then started to decline to the 1995 figure in 2002 (70 billion).However, the trends of the other two kept increasing. National and international calls rose steadily from 38 billion to 61 billion. The most noticeable change was the trend of cellphones, which soared from 2 billion in 1995 to about 46 billion in 2002.In sum, people used local fixed line most in the UK, and the mobiles were becomingincreasingly popular.剑桥雅思9作文Test2Task2As a vital component of high school education, community service should always be a part of whole educational system. Thus, some advocate that the community service should add to the compulsory agenda. Personally, I couldn't agree more.Admittedly, unpaid jobs for charity organizations take up some time of students who need to spend more valuable time on their study. Namely, in a short term, this activity can't bring any reward for those participants. However, people should never judge some activities with a short-sighted view; instead, long-sighted perspective becomes more reasonable and smarter. With sufficient social experiences and working skills, students may bemore competitive in the job market after graduation in the foreseeable future.Obviously, establishing community service as a compulsory part in high school education is not only helpful for students but also meaningful for the whole society. Firstly, both text-based and society-based methods make up the whole structure of the high school education. The community service perfectly combines both parts in order to accomplish a better outcome for those students, because they have the opportunity to put their newly-learnt theories into practice. Secondly, throughout these charitable activities, students can understand those disabled people better, so they will pay more attention to these special groups in their daily life. More importantly, it will shape their strong and independent personality gradually. Namely, offering helps to others teaches the young to understand and support each other in the community.In sum, it is a must to add community service to the compulsory education, especially in high schools. I strongly recommend the government and some organizations involved take the advice into consideration.剑桥雅思9作文Test3Task1The four pie charts illustrate information on the ages of the population of Yemen-and Italy in 2000 and predictions for 2050.We can see from the first two pie charts that in Yernen, people under 14 years occupied the firstposition in 2000, while people from 15 to 59 years will have the highest percentage in 2050. There will be a growth in the percentage of people from 15 to 59 years and people over 60 years from 2000 to 2050. However, the percentage of people under 14 years will decrease over the 50 years.It can be seen from the second two pie charts that in Italy, people from 15 to 59 years have the highest percentage in 2000 and 2050, and the percentage of people over 60 years is higher than that of people under 14 years. There will be a rise in the percentage of people over 60 years from 2000 to 2050. However, the 50 years will witness a decrease in the percentage of people under 14 years and from 15 to 59 years.In 2000, in terms of people under 14 years, the percentage of Yemen was higher than those of Italy. However, in 2050, as for population over 60 years, the percentage of Yemen will be much lower than that of Italy.剑桥雅思9作文Test3Task2A problem of modem societies is the declining level of health in the general population. One possible solution is to provide more sports facilities to encourage a more active lifestyle. However, there are some people who doubt whether the solution would have effects.Advocates of this solution believe that increasing the number of sports facilities is the best way to improve the weU-being of people. First of all, nowadays people have to devote more time and energy to their careers and therefore they are too busy to spare time for physical exercises. If there were easy-to-reach local sports facilities, they would be more likely to take part in physical activitiesregularly. Another reason is that today's sedentary lifestyle means that physical activity is no longer part of people's leisure time. If more sports facilities were offered, doing a variety of sports would be much more attractive than just sitting in front of a screen every evening.However, there are some reasons why the solution may havelittle effect. In the first place, interest in sports is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract those who are already fit, not those who need them badly. What we should do is to help children develop a positive attitude to exercise at an early age. In the second place, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. For example, high tax penalties could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consumption of any of these contributes to poor health. Even improving the public transport would help because it takes a longer time to walk to the bus stop than to the car.In my opinion, increasing the number of sports facilities may not have the desired results. People should be encouraged to form the habit of doing regular physical exercises when they are young. In addition, some better approaches may assist in improving people's health.剑桥雅思9作文Test4Task1The line graph indicates the general consumption ofAmerican energy from 1980 to 2030. Uses of petrol and oil and coal see a drastic increase of about 15 quadrillion unites during the span of 50 years, while the other four energies rise slightly with the unites of no more than 5 quadrillion.To be specific, in 1980, the highest proportion of consumption was occupied by petrol and oilstaying at 35 quadrillion units, and it experienced some fluctuations during the first 15 years, then it had been keeping increasing since the year 1995. It is predictable that it will reach nearly 50 quadrillion units by the year of 2030.Furthermore, uses of coal and natural gas remain the middle level on the whole, which stood at almost 15 and exactly 20 quadrillion units respectively in 1980. Separately, consumption ofapproximately had been rising smoothly and is expected to arrive at 30 quadrillion units in 2030, but the latter remains at, by and large, the same level (20 quadrillion units) with some instabilities.Eventually, uses of nuclear, solar/wind and hydropower were the lowest, with the same units of being about 4 quadrillion collectively. It is noticeable that none of them changes tremendously during this half century.剑桥雅思9作文Test4Task2It is undeniable that so many kinds of languages and dialects exit in the multi-cultural world, which causes some complex and embarrassed situations while communicating with people holding different languages. Some predict that if some lesser-known languages vanish, we may enjoy a much easier lingual atmosphere. Personally I think it is entirely wrong.Admittedly, to eliminate some languages that have been used in some certain parts of the world will make people's communication easier. Namely, English and other international languages will bridge over the lingual barriers to some extent. However, if a language disappears, theculture behind it will not exist then shortly. Besides, the living habits and traditions relying on those language features will also die out with the loss of a language itself.When it comes to the reasons for my disagreement, two aspects should be listed: for one thing, as mentioned above, language is no more than a way of communication. It is more likely to be a better symbol on special occasions, like some famous directors will thank all his helpers in English on stage when he is awarded by Oscar, but he will definitely thank his homeland in his native language at last, which represents a national pride vividly. For another, if it is possible to remove somelesser-known languages, some substitution will be used as English and French recently. However, the problem is the translation is not so perfect to transfer each cultural meaning and indication from a native surrounding to a western lingual way. The missing translation will lead to the loss of cultural diversity subconsciously.In sum, some lesser-known languages should not be widely used for the globalization, but the preservation of those cultural-valued legacies should never stop until the extinction of the human beings.。

Passage 1Question 1答案： YES关键词： reasons, arguments occur定位原文: 第1段第2、3句“Popular linguistic debate... 〞语言学上的普通争论通常会晋级为谩骂和论战。

语言属于所有人，所以大多数人认为他们有权保存自己对语言的看法。

解题思路: 题干要判断对于语言的争论，原因是否可以理解。

原文陈述，语言属于所有人，大多数人有权保存对语言的看法，所以人们的观点会产生分歧是可以理解的。

题干与原文完全一致。

Question 2答案： NO关键词： language education, language usage定位原文：第1段第4句“And when opinions differ,…〞而当看法出现分歧时，人们可能变得情绪冲动。

语言用法方面的一点小事，就能像语言学教育政策中的重大问题一样很容易引起争论。

解题思路：题干要判断人们对待语言教育的态度是否比对待语言用法的态度更加强烈。

原文陈述，语言用法方面的一点小事都能像语言学教育政策中的大事一样引起争论，这说明对待语言用法与语言学教育政策的态度同样强烈。

题干与原文所述观点不一致。

Question 3答案： YES关键词： intelligence, affect定位原文：第2段第2句“No part of society or social…〞所有社会组成局部或者社会行为无一例外。

语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力、社会地位、教育程度、工作才能以及许多身份与社会生存的其他方面。

解题思路：题干要判断使用语言的方式是否会影响人们对一个人智力的评估。

原文陈述，语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力……题干与原文完全一致。

Question 4答案： NOT GIVEN关键词： prescriptive, 18th century对应原文：第4段第1句“All the main languages…〞解题思路：对所有主要语言的研究都是约定俗成的，尤其在18世纪对语法与词典的编写过程中。

剑九test 3_ task 1范文求：雅思剑6 TEST3 WRITING TASK2高分范文。

剑桥居然给了个4分...不能给你直接的答案但你可以看看雅思写作套路分析和范例大全这本书的一个范例这两个答案很近似在p170 上你自己可以去下个电子版看看那个的原题是 some peopleargue that immigrants should adopt the local culture when immigrants o a new country. An alternative viewis that they can adapt to a new environement by establishing a minority munity. Discuss theese two views and give your opinion.请专业人士帮忙改一篇雅思小作文,剑6test1task1,谢谢我提几点意见1：第2段第1行.首先有个用词不准. usage应该改为use（后面同理），因为usage是＂用法＂的意思，use同样可以做名词. usage有the generally accepted way of using something的意思，而use才是the act of using. 另外这一句考虑重写一下，因为目前句子主干是the useare three ways. 这个表述不恰当（重点考虑改写谓语）. 最后，个人觉得ways后面的which应该加逗号，因为我觉得你在写一个非限定性定语从句.2：第2段倒数第2行. a SHAPE increase? or sharp?3：第2段最后一行， reach应改为reaching. 和peaking并列的，或者说补充的成分吧.4：第3段＂As can be seen from the table that the parison of water consumption between Brazil and Congo from 3 factors.....＂此句缺乏谓语. table后面的that是对table的从句补充吧，而句首as又是连词，所以这句只出现了as引出的省略句，并且缺乏谓语.很晚了有点困，只能看出这么多了 - -b 我有不对的地方请指教. 希望这些能对你有用. good luck,雅思口语是不是真的很难？Booklist and studying strategies 1. 剑2--7的使用方法Step1：做题。

剑9 1—2Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school。

Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?Traditionally children have begun studying foreign languages at secondary school，but introducing them earlier is recommended by some educationalists. This policy has been adopted by some educational authorities or individual schools，with both positive and negative outcomes。

The obvious argument in its favour is that young children pick up languages much more easily than teenagers. Their brains are still programmed to acquire their mother tongue, which facilitates leaning another language， and unlike adolescents, they are not inhibited by self-consciousness.The greater flexibility of the primary timetable allows for more frequent,shorter sessions and for a play—centred approach, thus maintaining learners’enthusiasm and progress。

Passage 1Question 1答案： YES关键词： reasons, arguments occur定位原文: 第1段第2、3句“Popular linguistic debate... ”语言学上的普通争论通常会升级为谩骂和论战。

语言属于所有人，所以大多数人认为他们有权保留自己对语言的看法。

解题思路: 题干要判断对于语言的争论，原因是否可以理解。

原文陈述，语言属于所有人，大多数人有权保留对语言的看法，所以人们的观点会产生分歧是可以理解的。

题干与原文完全一致。

Question 2答案： NO关键词： language education, language usage定位原文：第1段第4句“And when opinions differ,…”而当看法出现分歧时，人们可能变得情绪激动。

语言用法方面的一点小事，就能像语言学教育政策中的重大问题一样很容易引起争论。

解题思路：题干要判断人们对待语言教育的态度是否比对待语言用法的态度更加强烈。

原文陈述，语言用法方面的一点小事都能像语言学教育政策中的大事一样引起争论，这说明对待语言用法与语言学教育政策的态度同样强烈。

题干与原文所述观点不一致。

Question 3答案： YES关键词： intelligence, affect定位原文：第2段第2句“No part of society or social…”所有社会组成部分或者社会行为无一例外。

语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力、社会地位、教育程度、工作能力以及许多身份与社会生存的其他方面。

解题思路：题干要判断使用语言的方式是否会影响人们对一个人智力的评估。

原文陈述，语言因素影响我们如何判断一个人的个性、智力……题干与原文完全一致。

Question 4答案： NOT GIVEN关键词： prescriptive, 18th century对应原文：第4段第1句“All the main languages…”解题思路：对所有主要语言的研究都是约定俗成的，尤其在18世纪对语法与词典的编写过程中。

剑桥雅思9口语真题+解析Test3-Part3摘要：剑桥雅思9口语真题+解析Test3-Part3，剑桥雅思9Test3口语Part3讨论话题举例：Reasons for daily travel，有需要的同学抓紧时间下载吧!Discussion topics:Reasons for daily travelExample questions:· Why do people need to travel every day?为什么人们每天都需要出行?笨鸟雅思口语名师点题本题询问人们为什么每天穿梭于各地。

通常针对询问people的问题，可以相应列举出不同人群，如上班的人、上学的人、走亲访友的人、旅游的人等，同时针对某类人群适当进行拓展。

高分示例People need to travel for lots of different reasons. Almost everybody has to travel to work, so they can earn money and provide for their families. If a person is lucky, then they will live very close to the place where they work, so they can travel on foot or by bicycle. Sometimes, however, people live very far away, so they must travel by bus, train, car, or even sometimes by plane or boat! Lots of people also travel to see friends and family members, who might live in a different city, or even a different country. But often people just like to travel for fun, to go to somewhere new, or to see a famous tourist site or place of natural beauty.参考译文人们有各种各样的理由来来往往。

剑桥三级作文范文Once upon a time, in a small village nestled deep within the rolling hills, lived a young boy named Leo. Leo had a passion for exploring the wonders of nature that surrounded him. Every day, he would wander through the meadows, climb the tallest trees, and peer into the mysterious caves that dotted the landscape.很久以前，在一个坐落在连绵起伏山丘深处的小村庄里，住着一个名叫利奥的小男孩。

利奥对探索周围大自然的奇妙之处充满了热情。

每天，他都会漫步在草地上，攀爬最高的树木，窥视点缀在风景中的神秘洞穴。

Leo's curiosity was insatiable, and he was always eager to learn more about the world. One sunny afternoon, while strolling along the riverbank, he stumbled upon an odd-looking stone. It was unlike any other he had seen before, with intricate patterns and a smooth, glossy surface. Intrigued, Leo picked it up and examined it closely.利奥的好奇心永无止境，他总是渴望了解世界的更多知识。

一个阳光明媚的下午，当他沿着河岸漫步时，他偶然发现了一块形状奇特的石头。

flyers剑桥少儿英语三级作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test (YLE) is designed for children aged between 7 to 12 who are at an intermediate level of English language proficiency. This test is divided into three levels – Starters, Movers, and Flyers – with Flyers being the most advanced level.The Flyers test assesses the four language skills – listening, speaking, reading, and writing – through a variety of activities such as multiple-choice questions, gap-filling exercises, and picture descriptions. These activities are designed to test children’s understanding and production of English in different contexts.The Flyers test is recognized worldwide as a reliable indicator of a child’s English language proficiency. It is aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and provides a clear benchmark of a child’s language ability.Preparing for the Flyers test involves regular practice and exposure to a wide range of English language materials. Childrencan improve their listening skills by listening to English songs, podcasts, and audiobooks. They can enhance their speaking skills by practicing conversational English with family members, friends, or teachers. Reading English books, magazines, and newspapers can help improve their reading skills, while writing essays, stories, and journal entries can enhance their writing skills.Taking the Flyers test can be a rewarding experience for children as it allows them to showcase their English language skills and receive a globally recognized certificate. It can also boost their confidence and motivation to continue learning and improving their English proficiency.In conclusion, the Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test is a valuable tool for assessing children’s English language proficiency. By preparing for and taking this test, children can enhance their language skills, gain a sense of achievement, and open up new opportunities for their future.篇2Title: My Experience with Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test Level 3Introduction:I would like to share with you my experience of taking the Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test Level 3. It was a challenging yet rewarding experience that helped me improve my English skills and gain confidence in using the language.Preparation:In preparation for the test, I studied the topics covered in the test, such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking. I practiced with sample papers and took mock tests to familiarize myself with the format and timing of the test. I also worked on improving my vocabulary and grammar skills to ensure I could answer the questions accurately.Test Day:On the day of the test, I was nervous but also excited to put my skills to the test. The test consisted of multiple-choice questions, gap-fill exercises, and writing tasks. The listening section was particularly tricky as I had to concentrate on the audio recordings and answer the questions accordingly. The speaking section required me to have a short conversation with the examiner, which helped me practice my speaking skills in a real-life situation.Results:After the test, I anxiously awaited my results. When I finally received them, I was thrilled to see that I had passed with flying colors. I had achieved a high score in each section of the test, which was a testament to the hard work and dedication I had put into preparing for it.Benefits:Taking the Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test Level 3 has been a valuable experience for me. It has not only improved my English skills but also boosted my confidence in using the language. I now feel more comfortable speaking and writing in English and am more motivated to continue learning and improving my skills.Conclusion:In conclusion, my experience with the Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English Test Level 3 was challenging yet rewarding. It has helped me improve my English skills and gain confidence in using the language. I would highly recommend taking the test to anyone looking to assess and improve their English proficiency.篇3Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English 3Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English is an internationally recognized English language exam designed for elementary school students aged 7 to 12. The Flyers exam assesses the ability of young learners to use English effectively in everyday situations.The Flyers exam consists of three papers: Reading and Writing, Listening, and Speaking. Each paper tests different language skills and has a different format. The Reading and Writing paper includes multiple-choice questions, matching tasks, and gap-fill exercises. The Listening paper features listening tasks such as matching pictures to spoken descriptions and answering questions based on spoken information. The Speaking paper involves a one-on-one interview with an examiner, where students are asked to respond to questions and engage in a short conversation.Preparing for the Flyers exam requires practice in all four language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Students can use a variety of materials and resources to improve their English language proficiency, such as textbooks, workbooks, online resources, and practice tests. Working with a teacher or tutor can also be beneficial in developing specific language skills and strategies for the exam.Taking the Flyers exam can be a valuable experience for young learners. It can help students build confidence in using English, improve their language skills, and enhance their academic performance. The exam also provides a benchmark for measuring progress and setting goals for future language learning.In conclusion, the Flyers Cambridge Young Learners English 3 exam is a comprehensive assessment of English language proficiency for elementary school students. By preparing for and taking the exam, students can improve their language skills, build confidence, and achieve academic success. Good luck to all the young learners taking the Flyers exam!。

写作名师点‎题：这个题目属‎于argu‎menta‎tion辩‎论型题目。

题干中包含‎d iscu‎ss both sides‎,则必须使用‎对称式结构‎。

从思路上来‎说，比校难写，不容易找出‎理由。

可以围绕以‎下思路:人们现在的‎工作、学习压力大‎，没时问运动‎:人们在空闲‎时一般都看‎电视、上网.不做运动等‎。

雅思写作高‎分范文：A probl‎e m of modem‎socie‎t ies is the decli‎n ing level‎of healt‎h in the gener‎a l popul ‎a t ion‎. One possi‎b le solut‎i on is to provi‎d e more sport‎s facil‎i ties‎to encou‎rage a more activ‎e lifes‎tyle. Howev‎er, there‎ are some peopl‎e who doubt‎ wheth‎er the solut‎ion would‎ have effec‎ts.Advoc‎ates of this solut‎ion belie‎ve that incre‎asing‎ the numbe‎r of sport‎s facil‎ities‎ is the best way to impro‎ve the weU-being‎ of peopl‎e. First‎ of all, nowad‎ays peopl‎e have to devot‎e more time and energ‎y to their‎ caree‎rs and there‎fore they are too busy to spare ‎time for physi‎cal exerc‎ises. If there‎ were easy-to-reach‎ local‎ sport‎s facil‎ities‎, they would‎ be more likel‎y to take part in physi‎cal activ‎ities‎regul‎arly. Anoth‎er reaso‎n is that today‎'s seden‎tary lifes‎tyle means‎ that physi‎cal activ ‎i ty is no longe‎r part of peopl‎e's leisu‎re time. If more sport‎s facil‎ities‎ were offer ‎e d, doing‎ a varie‎ty of sport‎s would‎ be much more attra‎ctive‎ than just sitti‎ng in front ‎of a scree‎n every‎ eveni‎ng.Howev‎er, there‎ are some reaso‎ns why the solut‎ion may have littl‎e effec‎t. In the first ‎place‎, inter‎est in sport‎s is not unive‎rsal, and addit‎ional‎ facil‎ities‎ might‎ simpl‎y attra‎ct those‎ who are alrea‎dy fit, not those‎ who need them badly‎. What we shoul‎d do is to help child‎ren devel‎op a posit‎ive attit‎ude to exerc‎ise at an early‎ age. In the secon ‎d place‎, there‎ may be bette‎r ways of tackl‎ing this probl‎em. For examp‎le, high tax penal‎t ies could‎ be impos‎ed on high-fat food produ‎cts, tobac‎co and alcoh‎ol, as exces‎sive consu ‎m ptio‎n of any of these‎ contr‎ibute‎s to poor healt‎h. Even impro‎ving the publi‎c trans‎port would‎ help becau‎se it takes‎ a longe‎r time to walk to the bus stop than to the car.In my opini‎on, incre‎asing‎ the numbe‎r of sport‎s facil‎ities‎ may not have the desir‎ed resul ‎t s. Peopl‎e shoul‎d be encou‎raged‎ to form the habit‎ of doing‎ regul‎ar physi‎cal exerc‎ises when they are young‎. In addit‎ion, some bette‎r appro‎aches‎ may assis‎t in impro‎ving peopl ‎e's healt‎h.作文结构分‎析：根据题目要‎求，此范文使用‎了对称式结‎构，文章分为四‎段:第一段介绍‎题目背景并‎简述双方观‎点:第二段对同‎意这种做法‎的观点进行‎了分析，并说明了两‎个理由:第三段时反‎对这个做法‎的观点进行‎了分析，也阐述了两‎个理由;第四段总结‎全文，提出自己的‎观点。

【雅思写作真题】剑桥9Test3饼图类小作文实例参考【雅思写作真题】剑桥9 Test3 饼图类小作文实例参考“真题：剑桥9 Test3 图表类小作文”The charts below give information on the ages of the populations of Yemen and Italy in 2000 and projections for 2050.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.考生原文These pie charts illustrates what proportion are accounted by human in respective age group of Yemen and Italy in 2002, and predicting the future changes to 2050.In Yemen, 0-14 years old young children were the domain group in 2000, at 50.1%. And smaller proportion of 15-19 years old person in the same period, which was 46.3%. While 50 years past, 15-59 years old people will become the most group of people, rising to 57.3%. Although there is a increase in old peoplewho are over 60 years old. But they still the least group of person, which were rising from 3.6% in 2000 to 5.7% in 2005.In terms of Italy, according to projection, 15-59 years old people experience a dramatic decrease, declining from 61.6% in 2000 to 46.2% in 2050. While it still the most group of people. In 2000, the proportion of over 60 years old was 24.1%, which doubled the percentage in 2050 through projection. Contrary to Yemen, the percentage of people who are 15-59 years old is the least no matter what period.Overall, there are decrease of young children in both countries. Even in Italy, the percentage of children is much smaller than those in Italy.批改By 晟睿 Anna本次批改严格按照IELTS小作文评分标准进行。

剑9考官范文雅思写作较新考试范文分析怎么写的有范文分析：考官的范文依旧是“只适合观赏不适合模仿”；四篇全是辩论类题目（两篇agree ordisagree，一篇discuss，还有一篇outweigh）2：范文开头段清一色的“改写”，反而两篇一高一低的学生范文更有借鉴意义，中间分段的多少并不重要、背会再默写出来、A类大作文分析1、题目内容，高分范文以及考官的范文之共同点在于；相比以往剑桥系列真题在真实考试当中“百年难得一见”的情况而言，剑9的题目更接近现实考试、趋势分析：根据有实战指导意义，过去三年当中的冷门题型（地图以及四饼图）都被收录在剑9中3、范文分析、趋势分析；比起剑8上面一些极少考的“分析类”题型而言，剑9更像一本“真题集”，并且证明了一个规律：A类考试当中教育类话题才是老大，辩论类的题型屹立不倒3、观点诠释：相比传统非黑即白的辩论题，剑9的考题更加考察发散型思维的能力，以Test3大作文为例，除了增加体育设施之外能够改善人们身体素质的办法要自己去想，把优秀的词句画出来、难度分析：图表作文对细节性的描述要求更严、难度明显增加：用简洁的词句对复杂纠结的数据图进行了巧妙地局部特写，然后与别的同学交换批改最后在与高分范文进行对照一、整体难度分析1、题目综述。

三，比方说Test4的大作文明显是2011年3月5日年考过的题，大作文的难度基本不变。

二、A类小作文分析1。

8分范文从头至尾都在围绕着主题中的关键字展开，并且“五大语法技巧”运用的犹如行云流水；4分范文又生动鲜明地向我们展示了导致文章低分的“四条绝路”。

四、备考建议在不看范文的情况之下先自己卡时间写在答题纸上、题目内容：如上表所示（终于出现了历史变迁类的地图），并且“柱、线、饼”三大图齐聚2。

4。

2...【哪儿可以下载到剑桥雅思1剑1到剑8都是剑桥出的官方复习参考资料，都是一段时间考过的真题，挑选出来出的一本书，最后还有部分考官的写作范文。

本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==剑桥雅思9作文范文篇一：剑桥雅思9写作题目智课网IELTS备考资料剑桥雅思9写作题目剑9的问世，给广大烤鸭备考雅思指明了方向，成为重要的备考雅思资料。

今天小马小编带来剑桥雅思9写作题目，各位烤鸭们可以好好看看。

雅思大作文范文100篇pdf版下载A类写作task 1部分线图是考生在备考过程中最重要的一个图表，其他图表都基本可以根据线图为模型来演变，所以在目前考生备考过程中常用到的剑桥系列5-8中都无一例外的收录了曲线图，且除《剑8》的8分范文外，连同《剑9》全是考官范文供考生学习、借鉴。

所以从这一点上来讲，线图仍然是考生在备考过程中的重点。

从《剑4》线图的两根曲线，《剑5/6》线图的三根曲线，到《剑7/8》线图的4根曲线，再到《剑9》的6根曲线，从数量上来说曲线的难度看似加大，但实际上图表解析难度并未增加。

由于数量的增加，曲线的变化趋势变得相似，所以在细节上的比较将更加的重要。

柱图是目前考试过程中出现概率最高的图表，《剑9》的这套柱图并不新颖，是在前期的考试中出现过多次的类型。

官方此次在《剑9》中发布这样一个图就弥补了前期无官方样题给考生练习的遗憾。

所以这仅是一个很好的补充。

在第三套练习题中发布的4个饼的饼图形式上跟《剑7》test 4 的类型一样。

但是内容更简化，分析难度降低，可写作的点减少，语言表达能力要求提高。

关于这种4个饼图一直存在两种写法的争议，《剑7》中发部的考官范文采用了重点写变化，后写比较的策略。

而《剑9》这篇考生的6分范文则完全采用了另一种重点写比较的策略。

从官方评语来看，这也未尝不可。

在test 1发表的地图并不能预示未来地图的考查将会增加，毕竟上一次地图出现还是在06年的《剑5》。

最近几年时间里地图的考察重心已经由《剑5》地理位置选择类型演变为了地理位置变迁类型。

剑桥雅思9范文求剑桥雅思9听力的文本音频和后面的tapescripts雅思的阅读难度有提高的趋势，其实就在那个题型上变难了，不像以前用个什么技巧猜猜都能对。

现在还是挺注重对文章理解的，但是做题方法还是一样啊，就是找到关键词，然后会看原文，找到关键句。

理解关键句，做题。

剑9全部都做完了，你总结一下，发现其实也还好，就12篇文章就能总结出出题方向和套路了剑桥雅思9写作真题A类和G类有没有不同老师们好！我是上海的11年的高考考生，因为觉得作文薄弱所以自己试着写了10年的上海作文题。

写好之后自己感觉还不错，但是似乎缺少一些有文化气息的事例，文笔也不够优美。

想请各位老师耐着性子看一下（有点长），估计一下大概可以得多少分（满分70），并且指出还有什么地方应该改进的，谢谢！！====================华丽的分割线=======================作文题目：根据以下材料，选取一个角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章（不要写成诗歌）。

丹麦人去钓鱼会随身带一把尺子，钓到鱼，常常用尺子量一量，将不够尺寸的小鱼放回河里。

他们说：“让小鱼长大不更好吗？”两千多年前，我国孟子曾说过：“数罟不入洿池，鱼鳖不可胜食也；”意思是，不要用细密的渔网在池塘里捕捞小鱼，这样才会有更多的鱼。

实际上，其中的道理也贯穿在我们现实生活中的许多方面。

作文全文：“留下余地”的智慧曾经，我总喜欢掐着时间办事：在最后一刻起床、在最后一刻叫作业、在最后一刻写完考场作文…曾经，我为自己这种“精确”洋洋自得。

直到，一次在外地旅游时因为不小心迷路而错过了回家的火车——哎呀当时那真叫叫天天不应叫地地不灵——眼睁睁看着火车开走，我看看空空的钱包只好无奈地打电话向老爸求援，最后耗时费钱不说还误了之后的安排。

从此我开始反思：我是不是办事该给自己留点余地呢？其实，给自己留下余地是一种正确的生活态度。

人在生活中每天都要处理数不清的事情，说不定哪天其中一两件就会因突发因素打乱安排。

度米作文汇编之9月3日新GRE作文真题及解析[1]9月3日新gre作文真题及解析今天(9月3日)的gre考试一结束，便收到考生的电话。

“李老师，砸了，考砸了……”电话那头略带沙哑的声音万般沮丧地说。

这个结果让我很意外，因为给我打电话的男生算是位老练的“g考份子”。

他虽说并非新航道学校的学员，但是经朋友介绍，我之前给他批改过多篇gre作文，知道他的英文实力当在中上。

而且，两年前他原本考过一次旧版gre，只是后来自我感觉成绩不够理想，才决定重考。

我安慰他慢慢说。

他稍稍平静后，道出了原委。

他这次考试本来总体感觉相当不错，问题就出在他挑中了一道特别没想到、也特别不希望遇到的作文题。

凭记忆，他确信他抽中的两道作文题是这样的：issue题目：考试大，考试伴你同行“in order for any work of art—for example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a song—to have merit, it must be understandable to most people.write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. in developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position. ”argument题目：the following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal."a recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individual's levels of stimulation. the study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). the study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring."write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.一听到是这两道题目，我马上明白，肯定是那道argument(也就是传说中的“恒河猴命题”)让他遇到了麻烦。