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高级英语第一册lesson5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.补充练习2007年01月01日星期一下午10:37《高级英语》第一册练习Lesson 5Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.RⅠ. Word explanation1. convictionA. conventionB. well established factC. the state of being convincedD. certainly2. consultA. adviceB. suggestC. look upD. go to a person3. privateA. personB. one's ownC. previousD. preserve4. count onA. depend onB. expectC. take into accountD. all of5. enlistA. win overB. attractiveC. obtainD. both A and C6. meansA. unkindB. to representC. averageD. method7. onslaughtA. invasionB. aggressionC. fierce attackD. annexation8. cataractA. cataclysmB. waterfallC. disasterD. flood9. preyA. sth. killedB. speak to GodC. pleaseD. enemy10. allyA. join or uniteB. without the company of othersC. the centre of sth.D. volunteer11. fortifyA. multiply by fortyB. strengthenC. a strongholdD. fortress12. doomA. graveB. sepulchralC. terrible fateD. barge13. preludeA. introductory movementB. to lure in advanceC. tyrantD. steadfast14. interveneA. invadeB. aggressionC. intermezzoD. interfere15. ferociousA. brutishly violentB. attacking on purposeC. benign situationD. obedient16. presentlyA. right awayB. nowC. deliverD. gift17. portionA. porkB. partC. portD. proper18. hordeA. classB. squadC. companyD. throng19. primordialA. primeB. introductoryC. primitiveD. element20. smartA. painfulB. wisdomC. foeD. folly21. vestigeA. traceB. vestC. investD. privilege22. resolveA. solveB. settleC. revolveD. determine23. accomplishA. accompanyB. achieveC. complimentD. complement24. distinctionA. distinctB. distinguishedC. differenceD. instinct25. rescueA. recoverB. queueC. obscureD. obscureⅡ. Replace each underlined part with one word learnt in the text, the first letter of which is given:1. Pressures made him go back to his old habit of smoking.r2. The teacher wrote his remark of the composition in the margin. c3. The lecture has been put off till next Friday.p4. She still suffered in mindunder his unkind words.s5. The men threw their spears at the enemy.h6. I earnestly hope that you will agree with me on this issue. c7. Don't trust him, he is as clever as a fox. c8. He came to America as a poor immigrant but soon got rich as a merchant.p9. It is not our aim to conquer our foe, we are interested only in establishing peaceful relations.s10. The fine for spitting on the street is 5 yuan. pⅢ. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expressions in its proper form. Ea ch word or expression is to be used only once.appeal to, be true of, count on, devoid of,fresh from, in due course, issue, on the contrary, rid...of, round up, thereby, to that effect1. The great today is whether there will be war or peace.2. The sheepdog the sheep and drove them through the gate.3. Our team is you to win the match, Joe.4. As "due to", "prior to" can never begin a sentence.5. He finished first in the race, winning the championship for his school.6. She called him a villain or words .7. Sound waves can not travel through a space air.8. These are eggs the hen, not preserved ones.9. I will answer all your questions .10. His speech did not the head so much as to the heart.Ⅴ. Reading comprehension.1. The sentence “I asked that notice should immediately be given that I would broadcast at 9 o’clo ck that night” means that:A. I noticed that I should deliver a speech at 9 that night.B. I asked them to notice me giving a speech at 9 that night.C. that I was to give a speech at 9 that night should be noticed.D. the BBC should be informed that the P.M. would deliver a speech at 9 that night.2. The sentence “I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.” means:A. The Russian Army was broken up into small groups and would be captured one after anothe r by the Germans.B. The Germans came into Russia like hordes of beasts, surrounding and capturing many cities .C. The Russian army would line up to form a circle so as to surround the GermansD. The German army would line up to form a circle so as to surround the Russians.3. The sentence “it is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination” can be understood as:A. Hitler and his regime were greedy and wanted to surpass other nations.B. For Hitler and his gang, nothing could be considered as ideal or guiding principle. The conq uest of and rule over other nations was the strongest desire in them.C. The only thing that Hitler and his gang wanted was to be better than other nations.D. Hitler and his regime had conquered many other nations and this was very bad.4. According to the speech, Hitler had believed that his attack on the USSR would:A. cause conflicts between the United States and Great Britain.B. ignite sympathy from the right wing of the western countries.C. make the United States retreat from the war.D. lead to a conclusion of the war.5. According to the text, the final act of Hitler’s aggression was to:A. defeat his enemy one by one.B. make the whole western hemisphere subject to his rule.C. completely destroy the USSR.D. free the Russians from communist rule.第一册第5课练习答案1-1: /答案:B1-2: /答案:C1-3: /答案:B1-4: /答案:D1-5: /答案:D1-6: /答案:D1-7: /答案:C1-8: /答案:B1-9: /答案:A1-10: /答案:A1-11: /答案:B1-12: /答案:C1-13: /答案:A1-14: /答案:D1-15: /答案:A1-16: /答案:A1-17: /答案:B1-18: /答案:D1-19: /答案:C1-20: /答案:A1-21: /答案:A1-22: /答案:D1-23: /答案:B1-24: /答案:C1-25: /答案:D2-1: /答案: revert2-2: /答案: comment2-3: /答案:postponed2-4: /答案:smarted2-5: /答案: hurled2-6: /答案: concur2-7: /答案:crafty2-8: /答案:prospered2-9: /答案:subjugate2-10: /答案:penalty3-1: /答案: issue3-2: /答案:rounded up 3-3: /答案: counting on 3-4: /答案: is true of3-5: /答案:thereby3-6: /答案: to that effect 3-7: /答案: devoid of3-8: /答案: fresh from 3-9: /答案:in due course 3-10: /答案:appeal to4-1: /答案:D 4-2: /答案:A 4-3: /答案:B 4-4: /答案:B 4-5: /答案:B。
I'd Rather Be Black than FemaleBeing the first black woman elected to Congress has made me some kind of phenomenon1. There are nine other blacks in Congress; there are ten other women. I was the first to overcome both handicaps at once2. Of the two handicaps, being black is much less of a drawback than being female.If I said that being black is a greater handicap than being a woman, probably no one would question me3. Why? Because “we all know”there is prejudice against4black people in America. That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still strikes5nearly all men -- and, I am afraid, most women -- as bizarre.Prejudice against blacks was invisible to most white Americans for many years. When blacks finally started to “mention”it, withsit-ins, boycotts, and freedom rides, Americans were incredulous. “Who, us?” they asked in injured tones. “We're prejudiced?” It was the start of a long, painful reeducation for white America. It will take years for whites -- including those who think of themselves as liberals -- to discover and eliminate the racist attitudes they all actually have.How much harder will it be to eliminate the prejudice against women? I am sure it will be a longer struggle. Part of the problem is that women in America are much more brainwashed and content with 6their roles as second - class citizens7than blacks ever were.Let me explain. I have been active in politics8for more than twenty years. For all but the last six9, I have done the work -- all the tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on Election Day - while men reaped the rewards, which is almost invariably the lot of women in politics.It is still women-about three million volunteers -- who do most ofthis work in the American political world. The best any of them can hope for10is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal11position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. In such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and sometimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to12be to vote the way her male chairman votes.When I tried to break out of13that role in 1963 and run for the New York State Assembly seat from Brooklyn's Bedford-Stuyvesant, the resistance was bitter. From the start of that campaign, I faced undisguised hostility because of my sex.But it was four years later, when I ran for Congress, that the question of my sex became a major issue. Among members of my own party, closed meetings were held to discuss ways of stopping me.My opponent, the famous civil-rights leader James Farmer, tried to project a black, masculine image; he toured the neighborhood withsound trucks filled with young men wearing Afro haircuts, dashikis, and beards. While the television crews ignored me, they were not aware of a very important statistic, which both I and my campaign manager, Wesley MacD. Holder, knew. In my district there are 2.5 women for every man registered to vote. And those women are organized -- in PTAs, church societies, card clubs, and other social and service groups I went to them and asked their help. Mr. Farmer still doesn't quite know what hit him.When a bright young woman graduate starts looking for a job, why is the first question always; “Can you type?”A history of prejudice lies behind that question. Why are women thought of as secretaries, not administrators? Librarians and teachers, but not doctors and lawyers? Because they are thought of as14different and inferior. The happy homemaker and the contented darky are both stereotypes produced by prejudice.Women have not even reached the level of tokenism that blacksare reaching. No women sit on the Supreme Court. Only two have held Cabinet rank, and none do at present. Only two women hold ambassadorial rank. But women predominate in the lower-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs, and when they do reach better positions, they are invariably paid less than15a man for the same job.If that is not prejudice, what would you call it?A few years ago, I was talking with a political leader about a promising young woman as a candidate. “Why invest time and effort to build the girl up?” he asked me. “You know she’ll only drop out of16the game to have a couple of kids just about the time we’re ready to run her for mayor.”Plenty of people have said similar things about me. Plenty of others have advised me, every time, I tried to take another upward step17, that I should go back to teaching, a woman’s vocation and leave18politics to the men. I love teaching, and I am ready to goback to it as soon as I am convinced that19this country no longer20 needs a women's contribution.When there are no children going to bed hungry in this rich nation, I may be ready to go back to teaching. When there is a good school for every child, I may be ready. When we do not spend our wealth on hardware to murder people, when we no longer tolerate prejudice against minorities, and when the laws against unfair housing and unfair employment practices are enforced instead of evaded, then there may be nothing more for me to do in politics.But until that happens -- and we all know it will not be this year or next -- what we need is more women in politics, because we have a very special contribution to make. I hope that the example of my success will convince other women to get into politics -- and not just to stuff envelopes21, but to run for22office.It is women who can bring empathy, tolerance, insight, patience, and persistence to government -- the qualities23we naturally have orhave had to develop because of our suppression by men. The women of a nation mold24its morals, its religion, and its politics by the lives they live. At present, our country needs women’s idealism and determination, perhaps more in politics than anywhere else.1 to make sb some kind of phenomenon 使某人成为不寻常的人2 at once同时3question me 置疑我4prejudice against 对...偏见5strike表示迎头一击6content with 满足于...7second - class citizens 二等公民8active in politics 活跃在政治界9For all but the last six 除了最后的那六年10hope for 希望, 期待11separate-but-equal 隔离但平等12be supposed to 应该, 被期望13break out of 摆脱(束缚等)14think of as 把...看作15less than 小于, 决不16drop out of 不参与,退出17take another upward step 再前进一步18leave to 留某事给...处理19be convinced that 确信，承认20no longer不再21stuff envelopes 装信封22run for 竞选, 赶快去请23To develop qualify 发展品质24To mold morals 塑造道德C.1、D on’t overlook the job of a secretary. It makes the difference between failure and success for the company.2、T he newly-launched satellite is expected to obtain data on solar radiation, sky brightness and other important phenomena.3、H ow can you be content do such menial tasks as washing dishes here in the States?4、A prejudice is a judgement formed before examining the evidence.5、W e all listen to music according to our separate capacities.6、K nowledge will always predominate over ignorance.7、W hen this corporation entered the Chinese market 8 years ago, it aimed to occupy a larger market share rather than tomake profit in the short run.8、O f all the animals, the ape is thought of as the most forgiving animal.D.1、H is story of having discovered the treasure buried by some pirates seemed incredible to everyone.2、“But the piano is out of tune,”she said in a disappointed tone.3、H er friends expressed great sympathy to her when her mother died.4、T hey are now enjoying a short vacation at the seashore.5、A contented person is one who is happy with what he has.6、A ll the streets will be illuminated tomorrow evening for thecelebration.7、H er persistence in wearing that old-fashioned hat surprisedher husband.8、T he effect of the officer’s speech was such that the armyrecovered its morale at once.F.美国妇女对美国的发展做出的重要贡献，但她们却一直受到各种形式的性别歧视。
第五课关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话温斯顿•邱吉尔________________________________________ 二十二日星期天早晨，我一醒来便接到了希特勒入侵苏联的消息。
这就使原先意料中的事变成了无可怀疑的事实。
事变成了无可怀疑的事实。
我完全清楚我们对此应该承担何种义务，我完全清楚我们对此应该承担何种义务，我完全清楚我们对此应该承担何种义务，采取何种政策。
采取何种政策。
我也完全清楚该如何就此事发表声明。
全清楚该如何就此事发表声明。
尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。
尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。
尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。
于是，于是，我吩咐有关部门立即发表通告，有关部门立即发表通告，我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。
我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。
我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。
不一会儿，不一会儿，匆匆从伦敦赶到的迪尔将军走进我的卧室，尔将军走进我的卧室，为我带来了详细情报。
为我带来了详细情报。
德国人已大规模入侵苏联，德国人已大规模入侵苏联，苏联空军部队有很苏联空军部队有很大一部分飞机都没来得及起飞便遭到德军的突袭。
德军目前似乎正以凌厉的攻势极为迅猛地向前推进。
这位皇家军队总参谋长报告完毕后又补了一句，“我估计他们将会大批地被包围。
” 一整天我都在写讲稿，一整天我都在写讲稿，根本没有时间去找战时内阁进行磋商，根本没有时间去找战时内阁进行磋商，根本没有时间去找战时内阁进行磋商，也没有必要这样做。
也没有必要这样做。
也没有必要这样做。
我知道我我知道我们大家在这个问题上的立场是完全一致的。
艾登先生、比弗布鲁克勋爵，还有斯塔福德•克里普斯爵士——他是十号离开莫斯科回国的——那天也同我在一起。
那个周末值班的是我的私人秘书科维尔先生。
由他执笔记述的下面这段关于那个星期天里切克尔斯首相官邸发生的情况的文字，也许值得一提：“六月二十一日，星期六。
晚饭前我来到切克尔斯首相官邸。
怀南特夫妇、艾登夫妇和爱德华•布里奇斯等几位均在那儿。
5.Love is a Fallacy词汇短语词汇(Vocabulary)fallacy (n.) : a false or mistaken idea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误----------------------------------------------------------------------------------enterprising (adj.) :full of energy and initiative；willing to undertake new projects有进取心的；充满首创精神的；有胆量的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------unfetter (v.) : free from fetters；free from restraint of any kind；liberate除掉…的脚镣；解放；使获得自由----------------------------------------------------------------------------------limp (adj.) :1acking or having lost stiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------flaccid (adj.) : hanging in loose folds or wrinkles：soft and limp；flabby不结实的；松驰的；松软的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------spongy (adj.) :of or like a sponge；soft and porous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pedantic (adj.) : of or like a pedant迂腐的，书呆子气的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------trauma (n.) :a painful emotional experience，or shock．often producing a lasting psychic effect and sometimes a neurosis(精神)心灵创伤----------------------------------------------------------------------------------calculating (adj.) : shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------perspicacious (adj.) :having keen judgement or understanding；acutely perceptive聪颖的；敏锐的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------astute (adj.) : having or showing a clever or shrewd mind：cunning；crafty；wily 聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dynamo (n.) :generator发动机----------------------------------------------------------------------------------scale (n.) : either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance秤盘；天平盘----------------------------------------------------------------------------------penetrating (adj.) :sharp；piercing锐利的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------scalpel (n.) : a small，light，straight knife with a very sharp blade，used by surgeons andm anatomical dissections解剖刀，手术刀----------------------------------------------------------------------------------faddist (n.) :a person who follows fads赶时髦的人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------fad (n.) : a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a short time；passing fashion；craze一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热----------------------------------------------------------------------------------craze (n.) :something that is currently the fashion；fad一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦----------------------------------------------------------------------------------acme (n.) : the highest point；point of culmination顶点，极点----------------------------------------------------------------------------------appendicitis (n.) :inflammation of the vermiform appendix阑尾炎----------------------------------------------------------------------------------laxative (n.) : any laxative medicine；mild cathartic轻泻药；通便剂----------------------------------------------------------------------------------raccoon (n.) :a small，tree—climbing, chiefly flesh—eating mammal浣熊----------------------------------------------------------------------------------mumble (v.) : speak or say indistinctly and in a low voice；mutter喃喃地说；含糊地说----------------------------------------------------------------------------------temple (n.) :either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead，in front of each ear太阳穴，鬓角----------------------------------------------------------------------------------incredulous (adj.) : unwilling or unable to believe; doubting；skeptical不相信的；怀疑的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------unsanitary (adj.) :not clean；harmful to health不卫生的；对健康有害的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------shed (v.) : shed a natural growth or covering，as hair(毛发等)脱落----------------------------------------------------------------------------------unsightly (adj.) :not sightly；not pleasant to look at；ugly不美观的；难看的；丑陋的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------swim (n.) : current fashion潮流，时髦／砌the swim conforming to the current fashion赶时髦----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gear (n.) :a specific adjustment 0f a toothed wheel(汽车等的)排挡----------------------------------------------------------------------------------narrowly (adv.) : closely；carefully；thoroughly仔细地；严密地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------attic (n.) :the room or space just below the roof of a house；garret顶楼，阁楼----------------------------------------------------------------------------------covet (v.) : want ardently；long for with envy垂涎；觊觎----------------------------------------------------------------------------------cerebral (adj.) :appealing to the intellect rather than the emotions；intellectural理智的；凭理智行事的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------pin—up (adj.[colloq．]) : designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------proportions (n.) :1ines；shape of the body线条；身材----------------------------------------------------------------------------------making (n．[often in p1．]) : the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something[常用复]素质；内在因素----------------------------------------------------------------------------------carriage (n.) :conduct；behaviour；posture行为；举止；姿态----------------------------------------------------------------------------------bearing (n.) : way of carrying and conducting oneself：carriage；manner举止，风度，姿态----------------------------------------------------------------------------------breeding (n.) :good upbringing or training良好的教养(或培养)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------exquisite (adj.) : very beautiful or lovely，esp．in a delicate or carefully wrought way优美的，高雅的，精致的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------specialty (n.) :an article characterized by special features，superior quality，novelty, etc．特产；特制品----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gravy (adj.) : the juice given off by meat in cooking肉汁，调味汁----------------------------------------------------------------------------------dipper (n.) :a long—handled cup or similar container for dipping长柄杯或类似容器----------------------------------------------------------------------------------sauerkraut (n.) :chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice with salt泡菜----------------------------------------------------------------------------------veer (v.) :change direction：shift；turn or swing around改变方向；转向；变向----------------------------------------------------------------------------------gamy (adj.) :having a strong，tangy flavor like that of cooked game；strong in smell有猎物气味的；气味强烈的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Holy Toledo adj.[colloq.]) :excellent[口]好极了----------------------------------------------------------------------------------reverent (adj.) :feeling。
