动词ing形式大扫描
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scanning和skimming的区别scanning和skimming的区别:skimming意思:阅读;scanning意思:察看;审视;端详;浏览;翻阅。
skimming用法:接由名词、形容词、动词不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
scanning用法:接形容词、以动词不定式的复合结构或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
scanning和skimming的区别一、英语阅读中的意思不同1.skimming意思:阅读2.scanning意思:察看;审视;端详;浏览;翻阅二、英语阅读中的用法不同1.skimming用法:接由名词、形容词、动词不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
例句:Just skimming the paper, I saw a headline about the pope's visit我浏览了一下报纸,看到教皇访问的大标题。
2.scanning用法:接形容词、以动词不定式的复合结构或介词短语充当补足语的复合宾语。
例句:She sat scanning the yellowing pages她坐着浏览发黄的书页。
三、英语阅读中的侧重点不同1.skimming侧重点:指粗略地读。
2.scanning侧重点:指仔细地读。
scanning什么意思Scanning的中文翻译是“详查,详细,审查,扫描”等,最常用到的含义为扫描或者是延伸中寻找的意思,Scanning是一个名词,在学习过程中,要把握住后面的ing单词Scan的现在分词作为名词来使用,在含义上两个单词是相通的。
skimming是什么意思skimming是一个英语单词,主要用作名词、动词,作名词时译为“侧录(利用刷卡或其他手法非法复制信用卡或借记卡信息)”,作动词时译为“略读;掠过(skim的现在分词)”。
短语搭配skimming boat滑行艇cream skimming撇奶皮;撇奶油;撇奶油现象skimming pit撇油池;翻译Video skimming缩略视频internet skimming网上浏览;普通浏览。
第6章动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”(gerund)和“此刻分词”(present participle)两个部份。
动词的-ing形式具有动词的特点,同时又具出名词、形容词和副词的特点,因此它能够在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、动词-ing形式的特点和种类与动词不定式一样,动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特点,有时态和语态的转变,并可带状语、宾语等。
A.动词-ing形式的一样式1. 动词-ing形式的一样式可用来泛指一个动作,没有专门的时刻意义。
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜爱的体育运动。
Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。
2. 动词-ing形式的一样式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。
They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。
She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的发言。
3. 动词-ing形式的一样式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或以后发生的动作。
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。
He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个礼拜天带我女儿去动物园。
B. 动词-ing形式的完成式动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,那个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在那个城市生活了3年,她对那个地址已很熟悉。
作状语的动词-ing形式具有副词特性。
根据意义,动词-ing形式可作“原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随”等状语。
一、放在句首的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系,放在句首时可作“原因、时间、条件、让步”等状语。
如:Being blind,they cannot use computers.由于是盲人, 他们不能使用计算机。
(原因)Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.一到学校,孩子们就开始大扫除。
(时间)Hearing the news,we all jumped with joy.一听到这个消息,我们就高兴地跳了起来。
(时间)Being clever enough, you should ask me for more advice.即使你足够聪明,也应该征求我的建议。
(让步)二、放在句末的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系,放在句末时可作“结果、伴随”状语,或补充说明谓语的具体情况。
如:Her parents moved to Shanghai, leaving the house to her.她的父母亲搬到了上海,把房子留给了她。
(说明谓语动词动作发生后产生的结果)The monkey shouted at us,showing its teeth.那猴子露出牙齿对着我们大喊大叫。
(说明谓语动词动作发生的方式)The students walked along the road,talking and laughing.学生们沿着大路一边走,一边说笑。
(说明谓语动词动作发生时还伴随着另一个次要的动作)She works in the manager’s office, dealing with letters and documents.她在经理办公室工作,处理信件和文件。
动词的-ing形式用法讲解Forgive me for my having been troubling you.原谅我打扰了你。
(2)动词的-ing形式的语态动词的-ing形式有主动和被动两种形式,主动式通常表示它的逻辑主语是其动作的执行者;被动式通常表示逻辑主语是动作的承受者时。
①主动语态Walking in the street yesterday afternoon, he came across Mr. Smith.昨天他在大街上散步时遇到了史密斯先生。
His often coming late made his boss very angry.他经常迟到使他的老板很恼火。
②被动语态动词的-ing形式的被动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。
一般式(being d one)表示一个被动动作正在进行,或与谓语动词的动作同时发生;完成式(having been done)表示一个被动动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
He has always insisted on his being called Dr. Turner instead of Mr. Turner.他坚持让人家叫他特纳博士而不是特纳先生。
Do you mind Jam’s being left alone at home? 让詹姆自己在家你介意吗?While shopping, people sometimes can't help being persuaded into buying something theydon't really need.买东西时,人们有时情不自禁的被说服买一些他们确实不需要的东西。
I noticed the boy being beaten by his m other.我注意到那男孩挨他母亲的打。
Having been cheated many times, she now believes in nobody. 由于多次受骗,所以她现在对任何人都不信任。
2013届新课标高考英语精华知识点终极解密专题05 动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”(gerund)和“现在分词”(present participle)两个部分。
动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。
一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类与动词不定式一样,动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化,并可带状语、宾语等。
A.动词 -ing形式的一般式1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作,没有特别的时间意义。
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。
Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。
2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。
They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。
She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。
3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。
He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。
B. 动词-ing形式的完成式动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年,她对这里已很熟悉。
动词ing知识点总结动词ing形式,在英文语法中是一种非常重要的形式,它有多种不同的用法和功能。
在本篇文章中,我们将深入探讨动词ing形式的各种用法和知识点,帮助读者更好地掌握和使用这一语法结构。
一、动词ing形式的基本构成动词ing形式的构成非常简单,大多数情况下是在动词原形的基础上加上ing后缀。
例如:- walk → walking- eat → eating- play → playing但是也有一些特殊的变化规则,比如以“e”结尾的动词要去掉最后的“e”再加上ing,比如:- take → taking- make → making- write → writing还有一些以辅音字母加“ie”结尾的动词,要将“ie”变为“y”再加上ing,比如:- die → dying- lie → lying总的来说,动词ing形式的构成规则比较简单,但需要注意一些特殊变化规则。
二、动词ing的用法动词ing形式具有多种不同的用法和功能,下面将详细介绍每一种用法。
1. 动词ing 作谓语动词动词ing形式可以作为谓语动词,表示正在进行的动作。
例如:- He is reading a book.- They are playing basketball.2. 动词ing 作动名词动词ing形式也可以作为名词使用,这就是动名词。
动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语等。
例如:- Swimming is good exercise.- I enjoy reading novels.- She is good at singing.3. 动词ing 作形容词动词ing形式还可以作为形容词使用,表示给人或物的特征或状态。
例如:- The movie was boring.- The running water sounds soothing.4. 动词ing 用于进行时态在进行时态中,动词ing形式表示正在进行的动作。
单元重点语法:动词的-ing用法大扫描动词的-ing形式用法繁杂,是历年高考命题的重点,也是学生容易出错的难点。
它在句中不仅可担当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语及补足语,而且还有时态和语态的变化。
下面我们对其常考用法进行一下梳理与归纳,希望能让大家熟悉其用法并提高运用能力。
【动词-ing用法连连看】一、做主语:表示经常性、习惯性或已经发生的行为,可直接置于主语位置,也可以用it作形式主语而把做真正主语的动词-ing形式放在句子的后部。例如:1. Getting up early in the morning is a good habit. (-ing直接做主语)2. It is no use waiting here without taking action. (it做形式主语)二、做宾语:可直接做宾语也可以复合形式(拥有自己的逻辑主语的动词-ing形式)做宾语。
【链接高考】At the beginning of the class, the noise of desks ____could be heard outside the classroom. (2007年全国II)A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to open and close 分析:本题考查动词-ing复合形式做介词of的宾语。
其中desks是后面动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。
由于open和close与desks构成被动关系,故选C。
!注意:-ing复合结构做宾语时其逻辑主语要使用形容词性物主代词和宾格形式均可,如上题中也可用desks’做being opened and closed的逻辑主语。
但若-ing复合结构做主语时则只能使用形容词性物主代词做其逻辑主语,如:His being late made me angry.【归纳与扩展】1. 下面口诀中的动词后面常接动词-ing形式作宾语:承认冒险盼原谅,考虑建议不禁想,错过欣赏准介意,禁止推迟继续练,否认逃亡避免难,完成TO字共喜欢。
其对应动词分别为:admit, risk, look forward to, excuse/pardon, consider, suggest/advise, can’t help, imagine/fancy , miss, appreciate, allow/permit, mind, forbid, delay/put off, keep/keep on, practice, deny, escape, avoid, enjoy。
另外下面含有to的短语也常接动词-ing形式做宾语:be used/accustomed to(习惯做某事),lead to(导致),devote…to,stick to(坚持),object to (反对),get down to,pay attention to。
2. 在need, want, require动词后常用动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。
例如:The questions need discussing.=The questions need to be discussed.3.下列动词或词组跟动名词和不定式做宾语意义不同,要特别注意:1)forget/remember/regret to do something 意为“忘记/记住/遗憾去做某事”,do后于forget/remember/regret发生;forget/remember/regret doing something意为“忘记/记住/后悔做了某事”,do先于forget/remember/regret发生。
2)stop to do something 停下来去做另外一件事stop doing something停下正在做的某事3)try to do something 努力做某事try doing something 试着做某事4)mean to do something 打算做某事mean doing something 意味着做某事5)go on to do something接着做另外一件事go on doing something 连续做同一件事6)can’t help (to) do something 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing something 禁不住做某事三、做表语:通常指主语的内容、状态或性质等。例如:【课文原句】1. My main job is collecting information about Mount Kilauea.2. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch.四、做定语:单个的动词-ing形式作定语时通常放在所修饰的名词前面,而动词-ing短语做定语时则常放在被修饰的词后面。例如:【课文原句】1.I travel to unusual places and meet interesting people from all over the world.2. I am a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.【扩展与归纳】-ing形式做定语常表示动作正在进行,不定式做定语常侧重于表将来,而过去分词做定语则侧重过去完成。
例如:1. We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. (2009山东)2. It is one of the funniest things found on the Internet this year. (2008浙江)3. The meeting being held now is of great importance.五、做补足语:常与keep, have, see, watch, observe, notice, listen to, hear, smell, leave连用在句中担当宾语补足语或主语补足语,说明宾语或主语的状态或性质。
其中补足语与相应的宾语或主语构成主动关系。
【链接高考】1. They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.(2009年全国II)A. being runB. runC. to runD. running分析:本句意为“他们运用电脑来保持交通畅通无阻”。
Keep后常接复合宾语,如果宾语补足语与宾语构成主动关系则应使用现在分词。
该题中run与the traffic构成主动关系,故选D。
2. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.—Sorry. With so much work _____my mind, I almost break down.(2007福建)A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled分析:此题考查with的复合结构,其中fill与so much work构成主动关系故选B。
六、做状语:可表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等,例如:1. 表时间:Having been told many times , he finally understood it. (2009年四川)2. 表原因:Having failed to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead(2008重庆)3. 表让步:Having studied volcanoes now for more than twenty years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. (课文原句)4. 表结果:A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board. (2009年上海)5. 表伴随:We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the results of the experiment.(2008四川)6. 表条件:Working hard this way, you will achieve your goal in time.7. 表方式:When we visited my old family home, memory came flooding back(2009年辽宁)【归纳与扩展】1. 连接词if, once, when, while, although, unless可与动词-ing形式直接连用,形成紧缩式的状语从句,例如:Once making a promise, you should try to keep it.2. -ing形式作状语时一般情况下其逻辑主语应与主句的主语保持一致,而独立主格形式则与主句的主语不一致。
【链接高考】The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _____at the end of last March. (2007山东)A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched句意:这个国家已经发射了三艘无人驾驶宇宙飞船,最近的一艘于去年三月底发射。
Launch 与the most recent构成被动关系且动作已经完成,故选B。
【趁热打铁,学以致用】1. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, _____the 60th anniversary ofthe founding of the PLA Navy.(2009年福建)A. markingB. markedC. having markedD. being marked2. There is a great deal of evidence _____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain . (2009年浙江) A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating3. Bill suggested ____a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai EXPO during the vacation. (2009年上海) A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold4. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ______ in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future. (2009年湖南)A. living; wonderingB. lived; wonderingC. lived; wonderedD. living; wondered5. The government plans to bring in new laws ____parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. (2009年四川)A. forcedB. forcingC. to be forcedD. having forced6. I still remember _______to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (2009年陕西)A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.being taken7. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant.(2008山东)A. workingB. workC. to workD. worked8.______ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(2008陕西)A. Having shownB. To be shownC. Having been shownD. To show9. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d l ike that little doll on her bed. (2008北京)A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen10. —They are quiet, aren’t they?—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals. (2008江苏)A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking 参考答案:1~5ABCAB 6~10DACAD。