定语从句-学生版

定语从句一．定义：在复合从句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句结构：（）This is the book {that} I introduced to you.（）（）定语从句：修饰名词或代词的句子。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词。

二．关系词引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词（包括“关系代词”“关系副词”）。

关系代词在从句中代表先行词作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词代表先行词在从句中作状语。

词+whom/which”不能省）。

Have you seen the book （that / which）I gave you yesterday？考点二：主谓一致1.I found a book which _____(be) quite interesting.2.The pen and the book that _______(be) on the desk belong to Tom.3.He is using his new smartphone which he _______(buy) yesterday.4.Linda likes the song very much which _____(sound) relaxing.5.Are there any students who ______(be) to Beijing before.6.I dislike the city where he _____ (go) to college next year.7.She is one of the students who _____ (like) playing the piano.8.She is the only one of the students who _____ (like) playing the piano.注意：“one of +复数名词”作先行词时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；若是“the only/very/right + one of +复数名词”，从句谓语动词用单数形式。

1. As far as the third factor is concerned,the history of scienee shows manyinstances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedi ngly powerful resista nee to further in vestigati on ;i n some cases cen turies elapsed before this resista nee was even tually broke n dow n,as happe ned in cosmology,for example.译文至于第三个因素，科学史中有许多事例表明，权威的力量起到这样一种作用：它给进一步的研究设置了一道极其牢固的障碍；在许多情况下，要花上几个世纪的时间才能最终打破这道障碍。

例如，在宇宙学中就发生过这样的事。

2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an en vir onment wherethere are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.译文行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激因素的环境里长大，而这些刺激因素能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有更好的智力发展。

3. I suggest tran sform ing our social system from a bureaucratically man agedin dustrialism in which maximal product ion and con sumpti on are ends in themselvesinto a humanist industrialism in which manand full development of his potentialities-those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.译文我建议把我们的社会制度从以最大限度的生产和最大限度的消费为目的的官僚主义管理下的产业体制转变为一个充分发挥人的潜能一一即爱和理智的潜能一一为其全部社会工作之目的的人道主义产业体制。

定语从句定语从句的考查在高考中主要出现在单选、改错中，也可用于作文中。

主要考查的知识点：(1)关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。

(2)只能用that/which引导定语从句的情形。

(3)介词加关系代词的用法。

(4) as和which引导非限制性定语从句(5)与句式、时态、主谓一致结合来考(6)与强调句、名词性从句、状语从句的区别解题时，首先要确定先行词，根据先行词在从句中所作的句子成分来判断该用关系代词还是副词，并且确定具体用哪个关系词。

如果从句中谓语动词为不及物动词，应考虑关系代词前该不该加介词。

I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ______ I met in the English speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which1.定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，“…的”。

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。

3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等在从句缺主语或宾语、表语的时候使用；关系副词：where, when, why。

例如：Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read.分析：that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾语。

关系词指代人或物定语从句中充当的成分关系代词that 人或物主语、宾语、表语（逗号后不能使用）which 物或主句内容（翻译成“这”）主语、宾语或定语（介词后或逗号后）who 人主语或宾语whom 人宾语（介词之后）whose 人或物（翻译成“谁的”）定语as 人或物或主句内容（翻译成“正如”）主语或宾语关系副词when 时间状语where 地点状语why 原因状语【练习】用适当的连接词填空(1) I will remember the days__________we spent together.(2) June 7 is the day ________we begin to take the college entrance examination.(3) This is the place___________we visited the day before yesterday.(4) This is the place _________ he worked for ten years.【解题技巧】规则1：用还原法：将先行词放入定语从句中，找到它的原有位置，判断它作什么成分以及判断先行词指人还是指物。

专题6-定语从句定语从句的定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句例1：This is the detective who came from London.例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.2、关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。

例如：All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。

）(2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。

(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。

There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中，which可以做主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。

例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人做主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

高考定语从句专题讲解（一）定义及相关术语需要理解的概念定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。

主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。

①数词作定语相当于形容词Two boys need two pens.（two修饰名词boy：two修饰名词pen）/两个男孩需要两支钢笔。

②代词或名词所有格作定语His son needs Tom's pen.（his修饰名词son；Tom’s修饰名词pen）/他的儿子需要Tom的钢笔。

③介词短语作定语The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.（in the classroom 修饰名词boy；of yours 修饰名词pen）/教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。

④名词作定语The boy needs a ball pen.（ball修饰名词pen）/男孩需要一支圆珠笔。

⑤副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.（there修饰名词boy）/那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。

⑥不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.（to write this letter 修饰名词boy）/写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。

⑦分词（短语）作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.（smiling 修饰名词boy；bought by his mother修饰名词pen）/那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。

⑧定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.（who修饰名词boy；which 修饰名词pen）/那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。

定语从句（一）识别和划出定语从句1.识别定语a clever/handsome boy the boiling water fallen leavesthe book on the desk the man standing over there stories in the Long March2.识别定语从句定语从句的定义：___________作定语, 用于修饰或限定整个主句或主句中的_______或______。

特点: 去掉从句之后, 剩余句子___________。

定语从句中的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词e.g. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. （2020全国卷1）先行词：____________________________称为先行词。

上句中______________即为先行词。

关系词：重复______________指代，起连接______________的作用并且在定语从句中充当______________的连词。

上句中的______________即为关系词。

3. 划分定语从句起点：定语从句始于：关系词；介词+关系代词终点：定语从句截止于：______________；特殊符号；句末【过关检测】划出定语从句1.【★☆☆】The village lay near some wetlands which became his second home. （2020新高考全国I卷）2.【★☆☆】The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not.（2020全国卷2）3.【★☆☆】At all points in time, teachers regarded the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills.（2017 济南一中）4.【★☆☆】Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation （突变）that helps them digest milk as adults. （2020全国卷3）5.【★★☆】In 2002, Mandela became a public supporter of AIDS knowledge and treatment programsin a culture where the disease had made people feel ashamed.（2018 省实验）6·But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. （2020山东）7·The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. （2020全国卷1）8·Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. （2020全国卷2）9·Johnny also got me thinking about the smaller room that was now my home office. (2018济南）10.We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. （2020全国卷3）11.【★☆☆】And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions （份）. （2020新高考全国I卷）12.【★☆☆】People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. （2020新高考全国I卷）（二）定语从句分类: 限定性定语从句VS 非限定性定语从句区别：1.形式上：有无_________；2.意义上：限定性定语从句起_________的作用；非限定性定语从句起_________的作用。

第十讲定语从句定语从句是中考考的重点，备考焦点主要集中在以下几个方面：①正确使用关系代词(which, that, who, whom, whose, as)和关系副词(when, where, why)①介词＋which/whom引导的定语从句①that不能引导非限制性定语从句考点1概念A doctor is a person who looks after a patient.先行词主语谓语宾语1.在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被定语从句所修饰的词、短语或句子叫先行词。

This is the place which is worth visiting.(一个词)这是值得参观的地方。

Many life’s problems which were solved by asking family members，friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.(一个短语)许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题是现在的大家庭无力解决的。

I took an old man to hospital in a taxi immediately，which was why I was late that morning.(一个完整的句子)我乘出租车立即把一个老人送到了医院，这就是那天早上我迟到的原因。

2．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系词有三大作用：代指先行词，引导定语从句，在从句中作句子成分。

Beijing，which is the capital city of China，is a very beautiful city.↓代指Beijing，在从句中作主语1.关系代词在句中代替指人或事物的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分。

2025年高考一轮复习知识清单专题11定语从句八大用法归纳（讲案）（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+作文升格+原创语填）目录一、定语从句快问快答P2二、定语从句五年高考真题考点细目表P2 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法归纳P3 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, w hom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P6 考点清单五、关系副词wh y 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法归纳P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致用法归纳P8 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分层训练（一）五年定语从句高考真题题组P9 分层训练（二）定语从句易混对比十组P11 分层训练（三）定语从句助力应用文写作升格P12 分层训练（四）定语从句助力读后续写升格P13 分层训练（五）外刊原创最新语法填空P13 神十七神十八两个乘组会师中国空间站P13一、定语从句快问快答Q1：什么叫定语从句？A1：顾名思义，定语从句就是一个从句在句中修饰一个名词或从句，起修饰、解释或限制作用。

Q2：什么是定语从句两要素？A2：一是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，叫先行词，二是引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词或关系副词。

Q3：定语从句分哪两大类型？A3：根据功能，分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，后者前边往往有逗号隔开。

Q4：什么叫分割型定语从句？A4：一般来说，先行词后紧跟定语从句，有时二者被谓语或介词短语分隔开，构成分割型定语从句。

如：I was the only person (in my office) who was invited to the opening ceremony.Q5：定语从句关系代词有哪些？A5：定语从句关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as。

定语从句定语从句贯穿每份高考试卷，又是本次期末考试的重点。

[概念］在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做_________；被定语从句所修饰的词叫_________，一般有_________或_________来充当；定语从句一般放在先行词之后；引导定语从句的词叫________，指代主句中的_________。

如：请根据自己对上述概念的理解，把主句、定语从句、引导词、先行词及从句中的句子成分标出来。

1) The number of people who lost homes reached 250,000.2) It sounded like a train which was going under the house.3) The boys who are playing football are from Class 8.4) The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.5) I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.6) Do you have any question about the attributive clause you can’t understand?7) October 1st, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.8) This is the school where we are studying.9) The reason why some students in Class 9 are always late for school is unknown.10) This is the house in which I was born.11) Water is very important to fish without which it can’t live.12) The teacher from whom I learn a lot is Mr Yu.［引导词］8个常见的引导词分为：关系代词___________________________________________(5个)关系副词___________________________________________（3个）二者区别和联系：____________________________________________________________________________ ［基本用法］一般情况下that可指_________，可以代替_________，在从句中作_________，但不能作介词的宾语。

定语从句复习提纲（学生版）一，that和which的用法区别1,I will tell him all you told me at the ball.2,The only thing we could do was to wait.3,The first place we visited was the Great Wall.4,Y esterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two are still alive.5,There’s still a room is free.6,We talked about the people and the villages we remembered.7,Which of the two cows you keep produces more milk?8,He is no longer the man he was.9,Bamboo is hollow, makes it light.10,This is the room in Chairman Mao once lived.11,Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library was newly open to us.12,Here is the English grammar , as I have told you, will help improve your English.13,The clock is that which can tell us the time.二，who和that的用法区别情况1,The person I want to learn from is one studies hard and works well.2,There’s a gentleman wants to see you.3,I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon could speak Chinese very well.4,The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor is very modest and works very hard.三、way在定语从句中作先行词的用法1,The way _ _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2,The way __he explained to us was quite simple.3,What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （04湖北）A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which※当先行词为way时，定语从句的引导词可用in which, that或省略引导词。