电脑发展历史作业

计算机历史与发展英语作文英文回答：The History and Evolution of Computers.The history of computers dates back to the early days of human civilization. The first known computing devices were the abacus and the astrolabe, which were used by the ancient Greeks and Chinese for mathematical calculations and astronomy.In the 16th century, the invention of the mechanical calculator by Blaise Pascal marked a significant advancement in computing technology. This device could perform basic arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.The 19th century saw the development of more advanced computing machines, such as the Analytical Engine by Charles Babbage. This machine was capable of performing awide range of mathematical operations and is considered to be the first mechanical computer.In the 20th century, the invention of the electronic computer revolutionized the field of computing. The first electronic computer, the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), was developed by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry at the University of Pennsylvania in 1943.The ENIAC was a massive machine that weighed over 30 tons and contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes. It was capable of performing complex calculations at a speed of 5,000 operations per second.The development of transistors in the late 1940s and early 1950s led to the creation of smaller and more powerful computers. The first transistorized computer, the TX-0, was developed by MIT in 1956.The 1960s and 1970s saw the development of integrated circuits (ICs), which allowed multiple transistors to bepacked onto a single silicon chip. This advancement led to the creation of even smaller and more powerful computers.The 1980s saw the release of the first personal computers (PCs), which brought computing power toindividual users for the first time. The IBM PC, releasedin 1981, was a particularly influential model that popularized the PC concept.The 1990s and early 2000s saw the development of the World Wide Web and the Internet, which connected computers around the world and revolutionized the way people communicated and accessed information.The 21st century has seen the rise of mobile computing, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence (AI). Mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, have become ubiquitous, providing users with access to computing power and connectivity on the go.Cloud computing allows users to access and store data and applications over the Internet, rather than on theirown devices. This provides greater flexibility and scalability.AI is a field of computer science that focuses on developing intelligent systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.The development of computers has had a profound impact on society. Computers have revolutionized the way we work, communicate, learn, and access information. They have also played a major role in scientific research, engineering, medicine, and many other fields.As computing technology continues to evolve, it is likely to have an even greater impact on our lives in the years to come.中文回答：计算机的历史与发展。

作业一1.1引言1.__________是现代通用计算机的雏形。

A．中国唐代的算盘B．Charles Babbage于1834年设计的分析机C．Blaise Pascal于1642年发明的加法器 D．Gottfried Leibniz 于1673年发明的计算器作业二1.2 计算机的发展和诞生1、世界上第一台电子计算机ENIAC诞生于__________年。

A．1939 B．1946 C．1952 D．19582、计算机科学的奠基人是__________。

A．查尔斯·巴贝奇B．艾兰·图灵 C．莫奇莱和埃克特 D．冯·诺依曼3、物理器件采用晶体管的计算机被称为__________。

A．第一代计算机B．第二代计算机 C．第三代计算机 D．第四代计算机4、计算机最早的应用领域是__________。

A．科学计算 B．数据处理 C．过程控制 D．CAD/CAM/CIMS5、在电子商务中，企业与消费者之间的交易称为__________。

A．B2B B．B2C C．C2C D．C2B作业三1.3 计算思维基础1、在下列关于可计算性的说法中，错误的是________。

A．所有问题都是可计算的。

B．图灵机可以计算的就是可计算的。

C．图灵机与现代计算机在功能上是等价的。

D．一个问题是可计算的是指可以使用计算机在有限步骤内解决。

2、在下列关于计算思维的说法中，正确的是________。

A．计算机的发明导致了计算思维的诞生。

B．计算思维的本质是计算。

C．计算思维是计算机的思维方式。

D．计算思维是人类求解问题的一条途径。

作业四2.1 操作系统概述1、在下列操作系统中，不属于智能手机操作系统的是____________。

A．Android B．Ios C．MS DOS D．Windows Phone2、在下列操作系统中，属于分时系统是____________。

A．UNIX B．MS DOS C．Windows 7 D．Linux3、在下列操作系统中，默认运行在苹果公司Macintosh系列电脑上的操作系统是____________。

计算机基础作业-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN计算机基础作业1.以构成计算机的电子器件来划分，计算机的发展过程中经历了哪几代各有什么特点（10分）答：计算机的发展过程中经历了四代第一代计算机(1946年～1957年) 特征是采用电子管作为主要元器件第二代计算机(1958年～1964年)特征是采用晶体管作为主要器件第三代计算机(1965年～1970年) 特征是中小规模集成电路第四代计算机(1971年至今) 特征是大规模和超大规模集成电路2.请以指令的执行过程来说明计算机的工作原理。

（8分）答：计算机的工作原理：指令：指令是用来规定计算机执行的操作和操作对象所在存储位置的一个二进制位串。

指令的格式 : 一条指令由操作码和地址码两部分组成。

例如二地址指令格式如下：操作码地址码1地址码2操作码：用来指出计算机应执行何种操作的一个二进制代码。

3.具体说明指令的性质或功能，每条指令只有一个操作码。

例如，加法、减法、乘法、除法、取数、存数等各种基本操作均有各自相应的操作码。

地址码:指出该指令所操作（处理）的对象（称为操作数）所在存储单元的地址。

包括着操作数的来源，结果的去向或下一条指令的地址等信息，不同指令中地址码的个数可以不一样。

何为Word2010中的样式和模板在应用上，两者有何异同点。

（10分）答：Word模板是一种特殊文档，它是提供塑造最百终文档外观的基本工具和文本。

在Word中，模板是文档的一种模式，用Word编辑的文档都基于一种文档模板。

如打开一个空白文档是基于模板，让用户可以在其中设置自己的样式、正文和图表等等。

样式是指一组存储于模板或文档中并且有确定名称的段落格式和字符格式。

不同点：一、主体不同。

（1）样式：指用有意义的名称保存的字符格式和百段落格式的集合。

（2）模板：指Microsoft Word中内置的包含固定格式设置和版式设置的模板文件。

二、用处不同。

电脑的发展和历史《电脑的发展与历史：一场奇妙的科技之旅》我呀，对电脑可有着不少的故事呢。

记得小时候，我去邻居叔叔家，第一次见到那台大屁股电脑。

那电脑可笨重了，像个大箱子似的蹲在桌子上。

叔叔坐在电脑前，噼里啪啦地打着字，我就好奇地凑过去问：“叔叔，这是啥呀？咋这么大个儿呢？”叔叔笑着说：“这是电脑，可神奇了，能做很多事呢。

”我瞪大了眼睛，看着那闪着光的屏幕，心里满是疑惑。

其实呀，电脑的发展那可真是一部长长的故事书。

最开始的时候，那些早期的电脑简直就是庞然大物。

听说那些科学家们为了让电脑能计算复杂的数学问题，那是费尽了心思。

就像一群探险家在黑暗中摸索着前进，每一步都充满了未知。

那时候的电脑，只有少数人能接触到，而且操作起来也特别复杂。

后来呢，我上中学了。

学校里有了电脑课。

老师站在讲台上，对着那台电脑说：“同学们，这电脑现在可越来越重要了，大家要好好学。

”我和同学们都围在电脑周围，小心翼翼地摸着鼠标和键盘，就像摸着什么稀世珍宝一样。

有个同学好奇地问老师：“老师，这电脑咋越来越小了呢？”老师哈哈一笑说：“这就是科技的发展呀，就像人长大了会变得越来越聪明一样，电脑也在不断进步。

”电脑的发展速度可真快。

没过多久，电脑就走进了千家万户。

我家也买了一台。

我兴奋地坐在电脑前，捣鼓着各种软件。

我和朋友聊天的时候还说：“你看这电脑，现在都能让我们随时聊天了，以前想都不敢想。

”朋友也激动地说：“是啊，还能在网上看各种电影、电视剧呢。

”那时候，我们就像发现了新大陆一样，整天在电脑的世界里探索。

再看看现在，电脑变得又轻薄又强大。

我有个搞设计的朋友，他拿着他那台超轻薄的笔记本电脑，向我炫耀说：“你看这电脑，我带着它到处跑都不费劲，而且处理那些复杂的设计图可快了。

”我羡慕地说：“这可真好啊，现在的电脑真是方便极了。

”从那些巨大的、只能做简单计算的初代电脑，到现在小巧玲珑却功能强大的电脑，这一路走来，就像是一场奇妙的旅行。

这中间有无数的科学家、工程师们的心血。

The Origin and Evolution of Computers The journey of computers, from their humble beginnings to the sophisticated machines we have today, is a fascinating tale of technological advancement and innovation. Tracing back the origin of computers, we find ourselves in the mid-19th century, when the concept of programmable machines started to take shape. However, it was the late 20th century that witnessed the birth of the modern computer era, which has revolutionized the way we live and work.The earliest precursors of computers were mechanical calculators, designed to perform basic arithmetic operations. These machines, like the abacus and the slide rule, were used for centuries to assist in mathematical computations. However, it was the invention of the first electronic computer, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), in 1945, that marked a significant milestone in the history of computing.ENIAC was a bulky machine, occupying an entire room and employing thousands of vacuum tubes. Despite its size and limitations, it was capable of performing complexcalculations much faster than any human or previous machine. This groundbreaking invention laid the foundation for the development of more compact and powerful computers in the following decades.The advent of transistors in the late 1940s and the subsequent development of integrated circuits in the 1960s further miniaturized computers, making them more accessible and affordable. This led to the emergence of personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s, which revolutionized the computing industry. These machines, initially targeted at hobbyists and enthusiasts, soon became a household item, allowing individuals to access and process information with unprecedented ease.The evolution of computers did not stop there. The advent of the internet in the 1990s opened up a new era of connectivity and information sharing. Computers became not just tools for computation but also gateways to a global network of knowledge and resources. The rise of cloud computing, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence has further expanded the capabilities of computers, makingthem indispensable in fields like healthcare, education, business, and science.Today, computers have penetrated every aspect of our lives, from the smartphones we carry in our pockets to the supercomputers that drive complex scientific research. They have made it possible for us to communicate instantly, access vast amounts of information, and automate tasks that were once beyond our capabilities.Looking ahead, the future of computing seems asexciting and unpredictable as its past. With the development of quantum computing, neuromorphic computing, and other emerging technologies, we can expect computers to become even more powerful and efficient. They will continue to transform the way we live and work, opening up new possibilities and challenging our imagination.In conclusion, the origin and evolution of computers represent a remarkable journey of technological progress. From their humble beginnings as simple calculating machines to the sophisticated, interconnected systems we have today, computers have revolutionized the world. As we move into the future, the potential of computing remains vast andunexplored, promising new frontiers of discovery and innovation.**电脑的起源与发展**从电脑的雏形到我们今天所拥有的精密机器，其发展是一段引人入胜的技术进步与创新的故事。

笔记本发展历程
1. 轮盘式计算器：在20世纪50年代初，第一台便携式计算器问世，它使用了一种轮盘机制来进行计算。

2. 电子管计算机：到了1950年代末和1960年代初，计算机开始使用电子管代替机械装置进行计算。

这些计算机虽然庞大，但是开创了笔记本电脑的雏形。

3. 集成电路计算机：在20世纪60年代后期，集成电路技术的发展使得计算机变得更加小型化。

多个电子元件被集成到一个芯片上，使得计算机的体积大大减小。

4. 个人电脑：在20世纪70年代和80年代初，个人电脑开始
普及。

这些个人电脑由于体积较大，不便携，但是标志着个人电脑的发展方向。

5. 掌上电脑：20世纪90年代初，掌上电脑开始出现，这些电
脑更加便携，但是功能相对较弱。

6. 笔记本电脑：在20世纪90年代中后期，笔记本电脑开始普及。

它们相对于个人电脑更小巧轻便，但是功能强大。

7. 超级本：随着技术的进步，超级本在21世纪初开始流行起来。

这些电脑更加轻薄，但是性能仍然较强。

8. 二合一电脑：二合一电脑结合了平板电脑和笔记本电脑的功能，在21世纪中期开始流行。

用户可以根据需求将其转换为
平板电脑或笔记本电脑使用。

9. 轻薄本：轻薄本以其更加轻薄的外观和卓越的性能在21世
纪末和21世纪初风靡。

它们更加注重外观设计，重量轻，适
合移动办公。

10. 混合现实电脑：随着技术的发展，混合现实电脑开始兴起。

这些电脑能够将虚拟世界与现实世界进行互动，为用户带来全
新的体验。

注意：文中不能有与标题相同的文字。

电脑的历史英语作文The History of Computers。

The history of computers can be traced back to the early 20th century, when the first mechanical computers were developed. These early computers were large, cumbersome machines that were used primarily for complex calculations and data processing. Over the years, computers have evolved significantly, becoming smaller, faster, and more powerful.The first electronic computer, known as the ENIAC, was developed in the 1940s. This computer was massive, taking up an entire room, and was used primarily for military purposes. It was not until the 1950s and 1960s that computers began to be used for commercial and scientific applications.The invention of the microprocessor in the 1970s revolutionized the computer industry, leading to thedevelopment of personal computers. These early personal computers were still quite large and expensive, but they marked the beginning of a new era in computing.In the 1980s and 1990s, personal computers became more affordable and accessible to the general public. This ledto a boom in the computer industry, with many companies competing to produce faster, more powerful computers. The development of the internet further revolutionized the computer industry, allowing people to connect and communicate in ways that were previously unimaginable.Today, computers are an essential part of everyday life. They are used for everything from communication and entertainment to business and education. The development of smartphones and tablets has further expanded the role of computers in our lives, allowing us to stay connected and productive no matter where we are.Looking to the future, it is clear that computers will continue to play a vital role in our society. As technology continues to advance, computers will become even morepowerful and versatile, opening up new possibilities for how we live, work, and communicate.In conclusion, the history of computers is a story of innovation and progress. From the early mechanical computers to the powerful devices we use today, computers have come a long way. As we look to the future, it is exciting to think about the possibilities that lie ahead for this incredible technology.。

电脑发展过程|电脑发展过程作文素材-作文初中作文高中作文小学作文作文网第一台计算机ENIAC1946年2月15日，世界上第一台通用电子数字计算机埃尼阿克（ENIAC）宣告研制成功。

埃尼阿克的成功，是计算机发展史上的一座纪念碑，是人类在发展计算技术的历程中，到达的一个新的起点。

埃尼阿克计算机的最初设计方案，是由36岁的美国工程师莫奇利于1943年提出的，计算机的主要任务是分析炮弹轨道。

美国军械部拨款支持研制工作，并建立一个专门研究小组，由莫奇利负责。

总工程师由年仅24岁的埃克特担任，组员格尔斯坦是位数学家，另外还有逻辑学家勃克斯。

埃尼阿克共使用了18000个电子管，另加1500个继电器以及其它器件，其总体积约90立方米，重达30吨，占地170平方米，需要用一间30多米长的大房间才能存放，是个地地道道的庞然大物。

这台每小时耗电量为140千瓦时的计算机，运算速度为每秒5000次加法，或者400次乘法，比机械式的继电器计算机快1000倍。

当埃尼阿克公开展出时，一条炮弹的轨道用20秒钟就算出来，比炮弹本身的飞行速度还快。

埃尼阿克的存储器是电子装置，而不是靠转动的鼓。

它能够在一天内完成几千万次乘法，大约相当于一个人用台式计算机操作40年的工作量。

它是按照十进制，而不是按照二进制来操作。

但其中也用少量以二进制方式工作的电子管，因此机器在工作中不得不把十进制转换为二进制，而在数据输入、输出时再变回十进制。

埃尼阿克最初是为了进行弹道计算而设计的专用计算机。

但后来通过改变插入控制板里接线方式来解决各种不同的问题，而成为一台通用机。

它的一种改型机曾用于氢弹的研制。

埃尼阿克程序采用外部插入式，每当进行软件中心一项新的计算时，都要重新连接线路。

有时几分钟或几十分钟的计算，要花几小时或1-2天的时间进行线路连接准备，这是一个致命的弱点。

它的另一个弱点是存储量太小。

1996年2月15日，在埃尼阿克问世50周年之际，美国副总统戈尔在宾夕法尼亚大学举行的隆重纪念仪式上，再次按动了这台已沉睡了40年的庞大电子计算机的启动电钮。

计算机的发展历史一、第一台计算机的诞生第一台计算机(ENＩＡC)于19４6年2月,在美国诞生。

ＥNIAC PC机耗资1０0万美圆6００美圆重量3０吨 1０kg占地 150平方米 0．２5平方米电子器件１.9万只电子管 100块集成电路运算速度 5000次/秒５00万次/秒二、计算机发展历史1、第一代计算机(19４6~１9５８)电子管为基本电子器件；使用机器语言和汇编语言;主要应用于国防和科学计算；运算速度每秒几千次至几万次。

2、第二代计算机（195８~1964)晶体管为主要器件;软件上出现了操作系统和算法语言；运算速度每秒几万次至几十万次.3、第三代计算机（19６4～197１）普遍采用集成电路;体积缩小;运算速度每秒几十万次至几百万次.４、第四代计算机（1971～)以大规模集成电路为主要器件；运算速度每秒几百万次至上亿次.三、我国计算机发展历史从１9５３年开始研究，到１9５8年研制出了我国第一台计算机在1９８2年我国研制出了运算速度1亿次的银河I、IＩ型等小型系列机。

计算机的历史计算机是新技术革命的一支主力，也是推动社会向现代化迈进的活跃因素。

计算机科学与技术是第二次世界大战以来发展最快、影响最为深远的新兴学科之一。

计算机产业已在世界范围内发展成为一种极富生命力的战略产业。

现代计算机是一种按程序自动进行信息处理的通用工具,它的处理对象是信息，处理结果也是信息。

利用计算机解决科学计算、工程设计、经营管理、过程控制或人工智能等各种问题的方法，都是按照一定的算法进行的.这种算法是定义精确的一系列规则,它指出怎样以给定的输入信息经过有限的步骤产生所需要的输出信息。

信息处理的一般过程,是计算机使用者针对待解抉的问题,事先编制程序并存入计算机内,然后利用存储程序指挥、控制计算机自动进行各种基本操作,直至获得预期的处理结果。

计算机自动工作的基础在于这种存储程序方式,其通用性的基础则在于利用计算机进行信息处理的共性方法。

电脑的历史英文作文英文：The history of computers is a fascinating one. It all began in the 19th century with the invention of the abacus, a simple counting device used in Asia. From there, we saw the development of mechanical calculators, such as the Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine, both invented by Charles Babbage in the 1800s.However, it wasn't until the 20th century that computers as we know them today began to emerge. The first electronic computer, the Colossus, was built in the UK during World War II to help decipher encrypted messages. From there, we saw the development of the first general-purpose computer, the UNIVAC, in the United States in the 1950s.Since then, computers have continued to evolve at an incredible pace. We've seen the development of personalcomputers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets, all of which have revolutionized the way we work, communicate, and entertain ourselves.One of the most exciting things about the history of computers is the way they have enabled us to do things that were once thought impossible. For example, we can now store vast amounts of data, connect with people from all over the world, and even simulate complex systems like the human brain.Overall, the history of computers is a testament to human ingenuity and creativity. It's amazing to think about how far we've come in just a few short decades, and it's exciting to imagine what the future of computing might hold.中文：电脑的历史是一个非常迷人的故事。

电脑的发展历程电脑的发展历程可以追溯到几千年前的古代，人们通过使用简单的计算器来解决数学问题。

然而，真正意义上的电脑发展始于20世纪的中期，经历了多个重大的里程碑。

在20世纪40年代，世界上第一台电子数字计算机ENIAC建造完工。

这台体积庞大的机器由大量的真空管、开关和电线组成，可以进行高速计算。

然而，ENIAC非常笨重和耗能，需要大量的空间和冷却系统来运行。

随后，电子管逐渐被晶体管取代，从而使得计算机变得更小巧、更高效。

再加上磁盘存储器和编程语言的出现，计算机逐渐从巨型机转向小型机，大大减小了成本和体积。

到了20世纪70年代，个人计算机开始进入市场。

最有名的是苹果公司推出的第一台个人电脑Apple I和Apple II，带给了普通人更多的交互和计算能力。

同时，微软公司也将操作系统从主机机器转向了个人电脑，为计算机的发展做出了巨大贡献。

随着技术的进步，计算机越来越小型化，并随处可见。

20世纪80年代，互联网出现，使得计算机可以进行全球范围的通信和信息交流。

这一时期，个人电脑的普及和互联网的快速发展成为计算机历史上的重要节点。

进入21世纪，随着物联网、云计算、人工智能等概念的兴起，计算机的发展进入了一个全新的阶段。

移动设备的普及，如智能手机和平板电脑，使得人们可以随时随地进行计算和获取信息。

深度学习和机器学习的研究让计算机在图像识别、自然语言处理等方面达到了以往从未有过的高度。

如今，计算机已经成为现代社会不可或缺的一部分。

它们广泛应用于各个行业和领域，如医疗、金融、通信、交通等。

计算机的快速计算能力和强大的存储能力为人类创造了无限的可能。

未来，计算机的发展一定会继续迎来更多的突破和进步。

随着量子计算、生物计算等新领域的兴起，计算机可能会变得更加强大和智能化。

人们对计算机的依赖也将进一步加深，使得计算机科学在未来将继续发挥巨大的作用。

总之，计算机的发展历程是人类智慧和科技进步的结晶。

从最初的巨型机到今天的个人计算机和移动设备，计算机的进步不仅改变了我们的生活方式，也为创新和发展铺平了道路。

简要介绍计算机的发展历程1. 早期的计算机说起计算机的发展，那可是一路风风火火的故事。

从最开始的算盘和算术板，古人为了计算可真是绞尽脑汁，脑袋都快要冒烟了。

你想，那个时候连个简单的加法都要用手指头算，真是没办法，计算得慢，出错的几率又高。

后来，像巴贝奇那位老爷子发明了“差分机”，可是那可真是个庞然大物，简直可以当个小型电梯，体积大到让人哭笑不得。

再后来，到了20世纪40年代，计算机的雏形终于问世了。

ENIAC，这可是个超级大块头，整整占了一个房间，听说它的功耗还跟小电厂差不多。

那个时候，计算机还是个稀罕物，只有科学家们才有机会玩得起。

不过，别看它庞大，功能却实在是个“鸡肋”，慢得让人无奈。

2. 计算机的革新2.1 硬件的发展随着技术的发展，计算机开始慢慢变得精致起来。

1950年代到1960年代，晶体管的出现就像是给计算机打了一针强心剂。

小巧、可靠，还节能，简直是计算机界的“新宠”。

随后，集成电路横空出世，这下子，计算机的体积直接缩小到了一个小柜子大小，真是“水涨船高”，功能也越来越强大。

2.2 软件的崛起而在软件方面，编程语言的诞生简直是让人眼前一亮。

最初的机器语言可真是让人头疼，难得很。

后来有了FORTRAN、COBOL等语言，程序员们开始欢呼，终于能用更简单的方式和计算机“沟通”了。

软件的不断进化，也让计算机变得越来越智能，跟人类的互动开始变得更自然。

3. 个人计算机的时代到了1970年代，个人计算机（PC）开始进入我们的生活。

Apple和IBM等公司开始推出一些“平民化”的计算机。

这个时候，计算机的价格也下降了许多，普通家庭也能承受得起。

就这样，计算机逐渐走进了每个家庭，成为了日常生活的一部分，简直是个“家里蹲”的新成员。

3.1 网络的崛起再后来，互联网的出现就像是给计算机插上了翅膀。

我们开始通过计算机互联互通，信息传递的速度快得令人咋舌。

那时候的聊天室和邮件就像是打开了一扇新世界的大门，大家都在疯狂地“打字聊天”，有时甚至不知不觉就聊了个通宵。

电脑的历史与发展英语作文The Evolution and History of Computers.The journey of computers, from their humble beginnings to their current status as indispensable tools of modern life, is an remarkable testament to human ingenuity and technological advancement. This essay delves into the rich history and evolution of computers, tracing their development from the earliest mechanical calculators to the powerful machines that now shape our world.Origins of Computing: Mechanical Calculators.The precursors of modern computers were mechanical calculators, designed to perform basic arithmetic operations. These early devices, such as the abacus and the slide rule, were used by mathematicians and scientists for centuries to aid in their calculations. While these tools were effective, they were limited in their capabilities and lacked the speed and accuracy of later electronic devices.The Birth of the Electronic Computer.In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the development of vacuum tubes and other electronic components paved the way for the creation of electronic computers. The first electronic computer, known as the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), was developed in the United States during World War II. It was a massive machine, weighing several tons and consuming vast amounts of power, but it marked a significant milestone in the history of computing.The Evolution of Computers.From the ENIAC, computers continued to evolve rapidly. The 1950s saw the development of the first commercial computers, such as the UNIVAC I, which were used for a wide range of applications, including weather forecasting and business data processing. These computers were still large and expensive, but they were more accessible than their predecessors.In the 1960s, the concept of personal computing beganto emerge. The first minicomputers, such as the DEC PDP-1, were smaller and cheaper than previous models, making them more suitable for use in small businesses and universities. These machines were followed by the first personal computers, such as the Apple I and the IBM PC, which were released in the late 1970s and early 1980s.The Age of Personal Computing.The release of the IBM PC marked a turning point in computing history. It sparked a revolution in personal computing that has transformed the way we live and work.The IBM PC's popularity led to the development of a vast ecosystem of software and peripherals, creating a new industry that has grown exponentially ever since.In the decades that followed, computers continued to evolve, becoming faster, more powerful, and more accessible. The advent of the internet in the 1990s further revolutionized computing, connecting people and informationaround the globe. The rise of mobile computing in the 21st century has further expanded the reach of computers, with smartphones and tablets becoming ubiquitous in our daily lives.Conclusion.The history of computers is a story of continuous innovation and transformation. From the humble abacus to the powerful machines that power our world today, computers have revolutionized the way we live, work, and think. As we look ahead to the future of computing, it is exciting to imagine the new possibilities that lie ahead, from quantum computing to artificial intelligence, and beyond.。

计算机的发展历程1000字计算机的发展历程可以追溯到古代的计算工具，如中国的算筹和阶梯式计算器、埃及的象形计数法等。

然而，现代计算机的发展主要是在二十世纪进行的。

下面将以大致的时间顺序概述计算机的发展历程。

20世纪40年代至50年代：电子管计算机时代在二十世纪40年代，电子管成为计算机的主要元件。

由于电子管的存在，第一台真正意义上的电子计算机诞生了。

其中最著名的是美国的ENIAC（电子数字积分计算机），它于1946年投入使用，具备了高速计算能力。

随后的EDVAC（电子离散变量自动计算机）和UNIVAC（通用自动计算机）等电子管计算机相继问世。

20世纪50年代至60年代：晶体管计算机时代在二十世纪50年代，晶体管被引入计算机领域，取代了笨重的电子管。

晶体管计算机具有更高的可靠性、速度和功率效率。

此时，计算机开始向商业化和民用化方向发展。

IBM公司推出了第一台商用计算机IBM 650，而DEC公司则发布了第一台迷你计算机PDP-1。

20世纪60年代至70年代：集成电路计算机时代在二十世纪60年代，集成电路（IC）技术的出现推动了计算机的发展。

集成电路是将多个晶体管等元件集成到一个芯片上，大大提高了计算机的性能和可靠性。

此时，计算机开始进入主流市场，成为大型企业和政府机构的必备工具。

IBM公司的System/360系列计算机和DEC公司的PDP-11系列计算机成为当时最具影响力的产品。

20世纪80年代至90年代：个人计算机时代在二十世纪80年代，个人计算机（PC）的出现标志着计算机的普及化。

苹果公司推出了第一台个人计算机Apple I和Apple II，IBM公司也发布了IBM PC。

此后，个人计算机逐渐取代了大型计算机成为主流。

微软公司的操作系统Windows和英特尔公司的处理器成为PC市场的主导力量。

21世纪至今：移动计算时代和云计算时代进入21世纪以后，移动计算和云计算成为计算机发展的新趋势。

移动计算指的是人们使用手机、平板电脑等便携设备进行计算和通信。

电脑的历史与发展英语作文英文回答：The history of computers dates back to the early 19th century, with the development of mechanical calculating devices such as the abacus and the slide rule. In the mid-19th century, Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine, considered one of the first mechanical computers. However, it was not until the early 20th century that electronic computers began to emerge.In 1941, Konrad Zuse invented the Z3, the first fully functional programmable computer. A few years later, in 1945, John von Neumann introduced the concept of thestored-program computer, which became the foundation for modern computers. The first commercially successful electronic computer, the UNIVAC I, was introduced in 1951.Over the next few decades, computers underwent rapid development, becoming smaller, faster, and more affordable.The integrated circuit (IC) was invented in 1958, leading to the development of microprocessors and the personal computer (PC) in the 1970s.The 1980s saw the rise of the graphical user interface (GUI) and the Internet, which made computers more accessible and user-friendly. The 1990s witnessed the advent of the World Wide Web and the mobile phone, further revolutionizing the way we use computers.Today, computers are ubiquitous in our lives, used for everything from communication and entertainment to education and scientific research. The constant advancement of technology is leading to the development of new and innovative computing devices, including quantum computers and artificial intelligence (AI), which promise to revolutionize the future of computing.中文回答：计算机的历史与发展。