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2020届高考英语一轮复习专项提升训练
语法知识专项提升训练
（6）情态动词与虚拟语气
一、单句改错
1.That mustn’t be our English teacher, because she is in Canada.
2.I request that each student must be well prepared for the exam.
3.They suggested we went to record our songs in a studio.
4.The doctor advised that he gave up smoking.
5.If I am you, I would not accept his gift.
二、单选题
6.Thank for your timely help. Otherwise I _______in the experiment.
A.have failed B.will fail
C.would have failed D.had failed
7.Before the Chinese new year, you ________ get a train ticket easily, for millions
of people crowd in the station to buy tickets home.
A.should B.may C.mustn't D.can't
8.If the government takes measures to enrich senior citizens’ social and spiritual
life, it ____ help develop a truly harmonious society.
第九讲情态动词与虚拟语气
情态动词
(一)情态动词的基本用法
1．can/could
(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。
The smallest good habits can make a big difference.
最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。
It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.
过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
(2)表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定或疑问句中。can比could语气强。
This can’t/couldn’t be done by him.
这事不可能是他干的。
(3)表示请求或允许。在疑问句中可以用could代替can，语气更委婉。
Could I use your phone, please?
我可以用一下你的电话吗？
(4)表示理论上的可能性。
Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can
be lessons that lead to discoveries.
要始终相信美好事物的降临并非不可能，失误也会变成经验教训，从而获得更多发现。
(5)用于否定句和疑问句，表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。
He can’t/couldn’t do this.
他不可能这样干。(表示不相信)
Can this be done by him? 这可能是他干的吗？(表示疑惑、惊讶)
(6)用于固定结构中
①can’t ... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。
You can’t be too careful while driving.
你开车时越小心越好。
②can’t help doing sth.表示“禁不住做某事”。
Hearing this story, I couldn’t help laughing.
高考英语一轮复习语法练习：情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别；情态动词否定式的用法辨析：“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。
虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。
虚拟语气考点透析
考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如：
①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
解析 句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。例如：
If the weather had been better，we could have had a it ______ all day.
A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining
解析 句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。“下了一天的雨”是事实，所以用陈述语气。因为是发生在过去的事实，所以正确答案为A。
考点七 情态动词和虚拟语气
限时25分钟
一、单句语法填空
1．We ________ (enjoy) the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of
our flight．
答案：would be enjoying 句意：要不是耽搁了航班，我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ．．．”可知，此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用would be doing。
2．When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night．
答案：would 句意：当我小时候，我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would “过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性的行为。
3．The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but
we don't know for sure．
答案：might 句意：事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的，但我们不确定。分析句子可知，本句是对过去动作的推测，可能性不大，故填might。
4．He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month．
答案：hadn't eaten 句意：他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知，as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
5．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you
waiting for such a long time．
