(完整版)八年级上册第一单元英语语法、短语和知识点总结
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悉心教育 厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs :Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Education八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法: 1.复习一般过去时; 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
语法: 1.本单元出现的 动词不规则过去式有: is\am---was 是 are -- were 是 go---went 去 buy —bought 买 take ---took 拿走, do\does —did feed — fed 喂 see — saw 看见 eat —ate 吃 have\has —had 有,吃feel —felt 感觉 ride —rode 骑 get — got 到达 ,得到 can —could 能,会 forget —forgot 忘记 drink —drank 喝 find — found 找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法: some body any one every thingno where (疑问副词) 不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的 some 、any 、every 、 no 与右边的 body 、one 、thing 构成不定代词 ,some 、any 、every 、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词 ;(2)一般情况下以 some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义( no one 为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。
八年级上册英语u1语法知识点英语语法对于学习英语而言是非常重要的一部分,尤其是对于初中学生来说,掌握语法知识点是很有必要的。
本文将重点介绍八年级上册英语U1中的一些常用语法知识点,帮助大家更好地学习英语。
一、动词时态动词时态是英语语法中最基本也是最常用的部分,对于初学者来说掌握好动词时态是至关重要的。
在U1中,出现了以下几种时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时。
这里我们分别来介绍一下。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示的是现在的状态或习惯动作,通常使用“主语+谓语动词的原形”构成,如:- I play basketball with my friends after school.(我放学后和我的朋友们打篮球。
)- She usually goes to school by bus.(她通常乘公交车去上学。
)2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去的状态或动作,通常使用“主语+谓语动词的过去式”构成,如:- Yesterday, I went to the park with my family.(昨天,我和我的家人去了公园。
)- He studied hard for the exam last night.(他昨晚为考试努力学习。
)3. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作,通常使用“主语+be动词+现在分词”构成,如:- They are playing basketball on the playground.(他们正在操场上打篮球。
)- I am studying for the English test now.(我正在准备英语考试。
)二、情态动词情态动词在英语语法中也是比较重要的一部分,它是用来表示说话者对某一行为的态度、意愿或可能性的动词。
在U1中,主要涉及到以下几个情态动词:can、could、may、might、must、should、would。
这里我们分别来介绍一下。
1. can和couldcan和could都表示能力和可能性。
八年级上册第一单元英语知识点八年级上册第一单元是初中英语课程中的开端,这一单元主要介绍英语语法、词汇和听、说、读、写四个方面的能力。
这篇文章将会从这些方面详细讲解八年级上册第一单元的英语知识点。
一、语法知识点1. 动词时态:在八年级上册第一单元中,学生将会学习到不同的动词时态,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、现在完成时等。
2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级:比较级和最高级的用法是比较难掌握的,在这个单元,学生们要学习到不同的规则,如单音节词比较级加“-er”、最高级加“-est”;以“e”结尾的词比较级加“-r”、最高级加“-st”等。
3. 宾语从句和定语从句:学生们也将会学习到宾语从句和定语从句的用法和区别。
宾语从句在句子中作为宾语,定语从句在句子中修饰主语或宾语。
二、词汇知识点1. 词汇量扩大:在八年级上册第一单元中,学生的词汇量将会有显著的扩大。
主要包括前缀、后缀、词根和派生词等。
2. 重点词汇:此外,在八年级上册第一单元中,学生们还要掌握一些常用的重点词汇,如weather、funny、homework、project、music等。
三、听、说、读、写四个方面的能力1. 听力:八年级上册第一单元的听力有两部分,第一部分是短对话,主要测试学生对于日常生活对话的理解;第二部分是长对话,主要考察学生对于更加复杂的对话和信息的理解。
2. 口语:在八年级上册第一单元中,学生们开始采用更加自由的交流方式,例如小组讨论、对话等。
这对于学生的口语能力有非常大的帮助。
3. 阅读:除了教材中提供的一些短文、新闻和故事以外,老师也会引入更加广泛的阅读材料,这有助于学生增加词汇量、理解能力和阅读技能。
4. 写作:在这一单元中,学生们将会开始正式的写作训练,学会如何组织合适的内容和语言形式。
主要包括短文、日记、书信等写作形式。
结语:八年级上册第一单元是英语学习中非常重要和基础的一步。
对于这些知识点的掌握和应用可以让学生更好的在英语学习中取得进步。
Unit 1一、词组、短语:1、go on vacation去度假 ,2、stay at home 呆在家,3、go to the mountains 上山/进山 ,4、go to the beach到海边去,5、visit museums 参观博物馆,6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,7、quite a few 相当多,8、study for为……学习,9、go out 出去,10、most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间,11、taste good 尝起来味道好,12、have a good time玩的开心,13、of course当然可以,14、feel like感觉像……/想要,15、go shopping购物,16、in the past 在过去,17、walk around绕……走,18、too many 太多可数名词前面,19、because of 因为,20、one bowl of 一碗……,21、find out 查出来/发现 ,22、go on继续,23、take photos 照相,24、something important重要的事情,25、up and down上上下下,26、come up出来二、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.原形除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + to be + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事三、重点句子1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的1这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句;Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句;如:Where are you from Where does he live2go on vacation“去度假”He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假;解析 vacation v'ken n 假期 = holidayon vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假①I have a lot of _______________every year . vacation②— Where did Sarah go on vacation— She went to America.A.on vacationB. take a vacationC. is on vacationD. is for vacation2、Did you go with anyone你和别人一起去的吗这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句;当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句时,需借助助动词did,此时后面的实义动词应用原形;其句型结构为“did+主语+动词原形+其它”,肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn′t”·基本用法pron. anyone 任何人,相当于anybody,通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中;如: I wont tell anyone I saw you here. 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你;Why would anyone want that job 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢知识拓展---同类词Some - any- no- every-指人 someone 有人 anyone 任何人 anybody no one 没有人nobody everyone 人人 everybody指物 something 某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有事everything 一切事指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处,没有地方 everywhere 到处注意:1由some-, any-, no-, every-构成的符合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;2不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后,作后置定语;如:Id like something to drink. 我想要些喝的;Is there anything interesting in the book 这本书中有有趣的东西吗小结:解析1someone smwn pron 某人anyone eniwn pron 任何人 everyone evriwn pron 每人,人人 my uncle 看望了我的叔叔visit是及物动词,意为“拜访;探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词; visit还可以意为“参观;游览”,后接表示地点的名词;a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆;b. you want to visit Shanghai 你想______上海吗c.拓展:visitor意为“参观者;游客”;These visitors come fromanything special 买特别的东西;P21buy及物动词,意为“买;购买”;其过去式为______;拓展:buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物”; My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.2)anything不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西”,主要用于疑问句或否定句中;a.Do you want to buy anything for me cant say anything about it.3)anthing special表示“特别的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置;Is there________ ________in this book这本书里有新的内容吗, did you go anywhere interesting哦,你去有趣的地方了吗P21本句是did开头的一般疑问句2anywhere用作副词,意为“在任何地方”;eg:Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation 辨析:anywhere与somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中; eg:I cant find it anywhere.somewhere意为“在某处;到某处”,常用于肯定句中; eg:I lost my key somewhere near here. took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片;P2take photos 意为“照相;拍照”; eg:We______ ______on the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相;辨析:quite a few与quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多;不少”,修饰可数名词复数;quite a little 意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名词;a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days.is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle瓶子.6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息; P2most of the time意为“大部分时间”,其中most为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词;of us_____begoing to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园;b. Most of the food_____gobad. 大部分的食物都变质了;7.Everything tasted really good所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃P3taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”,其后接形容词构成系表结构;a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了;8. Did everyone have a good time大家都玩得很开心吗P3have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心 + doingeg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.did you like it 你觉得它怎么样P3How do/did you like……意为“你觉得……怎么样”,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当What do you think of……eg: How do you like your new job = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new jobyou go shopping 你们去购物了吗P3go shopping意为“去购物;去买东西”,同义短语为do some shopping.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物;拓展:“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动;go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去远足 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场;P3a friend’s farm是名词所有格形式;一般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加s,表示所属关系;eg:The red bike is Alices. 那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的;拓展:名词所有格的构成:1单数名词词尾加s ,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加sthe girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day2复数名词以s结尾的只加the students’ reading room学生阅览室 Teachers’ Day教师节3如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”;只后一个名词有一个s,则表示“共有”:John’s and Kate’s rooms. 约翰和凯特各自的房间; Lily and Lucy’s father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸同一个爸爸; 4表示无生命的名词一般以...of...构成短语,表示所有关系;a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字12.Still no one seemed to be bored. 即使这样仍然没有人看起来无聊;P31seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”;eg:Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易;拓展 a. seem+adj. “看起来……”; You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴;b. seem+to do sth. “似乎,好像做某事”; I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了;=It seems that I have a cold.c. It seems/seemed+从句“看起来好像…;似乎…”;It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信2辨析:bored与boringa. bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人;b. boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物;eg:a. I’m ______with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了;b. I find the story very_______.我发现这个故事太无聊了;二Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable 你发现什么活动让人快乐P5enjoyable形容词,意为“愉快的;快乐的”;Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation. 我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期;2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城;P5arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”;arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等;arrive at表示到达较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等;注:地点副词home,here,there前介词省略辨析:①arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点②get to +地点③reach+地点eg:I 到达 school at 8:00 oclock yesterday.3. …so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel…因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去;P5 decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”; eg: They _____ ______ ______the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆;拓展:decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语;He can’t decide when ______ _____leave 他不能决定何时动身;4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动;P5try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法;努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车;拓展:try也可用作名词,意为“尝试”,常用短语“have a try”,意为“试一试”;I want to have a try.我想试一试;辨析:try doing sth. / try to do sth.1try doing sth. 尝试做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力;2try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成;a. I ______ ______ him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听;b. Im ______ ______ ______ English well. 我正尽力把英语学好;5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting 我感觉自己就像一只小鸟;太刺激了P51feel like意为“给……的感觉;感受到”;其后常接从句; eg: He feels like he is swimming. 他感觉像在游泳一样;拓展:feel like还可意为“想要……”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词;即: feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 eg:Do you feel like a cup of tea now 你现在想要一杯茶吗Do you feel like ______ take a walk in the park with me 你想跟我在公园散步吗2辨析:exciting与excitedexciting 意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”, 一般修饰某物; excited 意为“感到兴奋的,激动的”, 一般修饰某人; Eg: story is_________exciting, excited .told me the_______exciting, excitednews.was_______exciting, excitedto see the singer.6.There are a lot of new buildings now…现在有许多新的建筑物……P5building 可数名词,意为“建筑物;楼房”;build 动词,“建造,建筑” built,built,The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的;P5 wonder此处是及物动词,意为“想知道;琢磨”;其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句;Eg: wonder _______________. 我想知道那个男孩是谁;A. the boy is who B. who the boy is 2. I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了;8.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走; P51enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏;享受……的乐趣”,其后接名词,代词或动名词作宾语;a. Do you enjoy your job 你喜欢你的工作吗b. I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书;enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 + doing sth.2)walk around 意为“四处走走”;Hes just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走;9. What a difference a day makes 一天的变化有多大呀 P5difference可数名词,意为“差别,差异”;其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的;有差异的”; Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that bookb. My schoolbag is different from yours. be different from 意为“与……不同”10.We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.P51want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”;2start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”,同义短语:start to do sth. Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3a little 意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词;也可以修饰不可数名词;Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. ______________________________b. Its a little cold outside. ______________________________c. He can speak a little English. ______________________________4)take the train意为“乘火车”,take在此意为“乘坐”;waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车;P51wait for意为“等候”,其后可接人或物; Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2over介词,意为“多于;超过” ,相当于more than; Eg : My father is over 40 years old.Here are over eight hundred students in our school.3 too many意为“太多”,其后接可数名词复数; He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析:too many + 可数名词复数意为“太多... ”too much + 不可数名词意为“太多... ”much too + 形容词 /副词意为“太... ”eg:I have homework to do today. The weather today is ______ _______ cold. because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的任何景色P5辨析:because of与becausea. because of意为“因为,由于”,后可接名词短语、代词或动名词,不能接句子; He lost his job because of his age.b. because意为“因为”,引导状语从句,即接句子; I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13.My father didnt bring enough money…我爸爸没带足够的钱……P51辨析:bring与takebring意为“带来;拿来”, 指从别处带到说话者所在地;take意为“拿走;带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去;2enough 意为“足够的,充分的”1.用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后;2.用来修饰名词时放在名词之前;Eg:a. We have enough time to do our homework.b. The box is big enough.14.…because we forgot to bring an umbrella…因为我们忘了带雨伞;P6辨析:forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.forget to do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事事情还没做”eg: Dont forget to close the window. forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事事情已经做过了” eg: I forget closing the window. 15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶;P6 1one hour later 一小时后;一小时前__________________2stop动词,意为“停止;中断”,过去式_________,现在分词__________;3drink及物动词,意为“喝;饮”;还可以作名词,意为“饮料”;16. Did you dislike anything 你不喜欢什么东西吗P7dislike意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语;Eg:a. Mary ______ the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包;b. I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏;17. Why not 为什么不带呀P8why not意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形;注“Why not + 动词原形”相当于“Why dont you+ 动词原形”a. Why not go to the party with me =Why dont you go to the party with me为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢_____ take a walk = _____ ______ _____ take a walk 为什么不去散步呢in our class took a bag with some food and water. 我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋;P8with介词,意为“具有;带有”; 此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定语;拓展:with作介词时的其他用法:a.“和……一起’ I often go to school ______ my friend. 我经常和朋友们一起去上学;b. 以手段、材料,用工具, Cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切苹果;19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来;P8so…that… / such…that…如此…以致引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+that…Eg:1. He is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much.2.The little boy is so young that he can’t go to school.20. 常用的感叹句的结构:1What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语2What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语3How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语4How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语eg: an interesting book it is = How interesting a book is 那本书多么有趣啊clever girl she is3. _____clever a girl she isjobs they have donewater it is D. Howthe dog is C. Where D. How21. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续前进了P81tell sb. notto do sth. 意为“告诉某人不要做某事;The teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ the window just now. 老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户;2keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事,一直做某事”;She______ ______ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视;23.Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. 大家都兴奋地跳起来;P8up and down 意为“上上下下;来来回回”,在句中作状语;Eg:They looked me ______ ______ ______. 他们上上下下打量我;He walks______ ______ ______ in the room. 他在房间里来回走动;22. 反身代词:myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语;一年主考宾语回自身He is teaching himself English.她在自学英语;She was talking to herself.她自言自语;He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下;1)Help yourself 请随便吃吧/请自己去取吧2)2 Make yourself at home 别客气3)make yourself heard /understood. 使你的话被人听得见/理解4)4 teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself5)5 by oneself 独自6)for oneself 为自己;替自己7 enjoy oneself 玩的愉快8 dress oneself 给自己穿衣, little, a few, a little :的用法few, a few修饰可数名词,little, a little修饰不可数名词;few, little具有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”,a few, a little具有肯定意义,表示“一些”;He has little money, but few students want to lend money to him.他几乎没有钱,但是几乎没有学生想借钱给他;There is a little milk and a few apples left in the fridge.冰箱里还有一些牛奶和一些苹果;。
八上英语unit1语法归纳
八上英语Unit 1的语法归纳包括以下几个方面:
1. 一般现在时:用于表达经常性的动作或事实。
- 陈述句:主语 + 动词原形(第三人称单数加-s)
- 疑问句:助动词do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
- 否定句:主语 + 助动词do/does + not + 动词原形
2. 现在进行时:用于表达当前正在发生的动作。
- 陈述句:主语 + be(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式
- 疑问句:Be(am/is/are) + 主语 + 动词-ing形式?
- 否定句:主语 + be(am/is/are) + not + 动词-ing形式
3. 一般过去时:用于表达过去发生的动作或事件。
- 陈述句:主语 + 动词过去式(一般过去式用动词原型加-ed) - 疑问句:助动词did + 主语 + 动词原形?
- 否定句:主语 + did not + 动词原形(一般过去式)
4. 一般将来时:用于表达将来发生的动作或计划。
- 陈述句:主语 + will + 动词原形
- 疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形?
- 否定句:主语 + will not + 动词原形
5. 祈使句:用于表达命令、请求、建议等。
- 陈述句:动词原形
- 否定句:Do not + 动词原形
6. There be句型:表示存在或出现的情况。
- 陈述句:There is/are + 名词 + 其他
- 疑问句:Is/Are there + 名词 + 其他?
- 否定句:There is/are not + 名词 + 其他
以上是八上英语Unit 1的语法归纳,希望对你有帮助。
八年级上册第一单元知识点八年级上册第一单元是英语学习中非常重要的部分,涉及到了英语语法、词汇、阅读和写作等方面的知识点,为学生打下了坚实的语言基础,也扩展了其语言运用的能力。
本文将为大家总结八年级上册第一单元的重要知识点,帮助学生更好地掌握英语知识,提高英语水平。
一、语法知识1.现在进行时态现在进行时态是指表示正在进行的动作,常见的结构为“主语+is/am/are+现在分词”,例如“Tom is watch ing TV ”。
在口语和书面语中都非常常用,对于提高口语表达能力非常有帮助。
2.数量词和物主代词在英语中,数量词和物主代词的用法非常重要。
数量词指的是数量或程度,例如“ a lot of/a great deal of/many/much ”等,而物主代词则指代所有格,在句子中表达拥有关系,例如“my/your/his/her”等。
3.修饰语的顺序英语中修饰语的顺序是有固定规律的,一般而言是先由限制性(定冠词、代词、形容词性物主代词等)再到描述性(形容词、分词等),例如“the young American girl”、“the tall thin man”。
4.一般现在时态一般现在时态是指经常性的动作或状态,通常用于一般真理、通行的规定等,结构为“主语+V原形+其他补充”,例如“Good students always listen carefully in class”。
二、词汇知识1.学科专业词汇在英语中,科学和文化有许多专用的词汇,如数学中的“algebra”、“calculus”、“geometry”等,历史中的“civilization”、“empire”等。
这些词汇对于掌握学科知识和提高阅读能力非常重要。
2.反义词和同义词反义词和同义词在英语中很重要。
反义词指的是意思相反的两个词,例如“hot/cold”、“happy/sad”,同义词指的是意思相同的两个词,例如“happy/glad”、“mad/angry”。
八年级英语上册“Unit 1 "Where did you go onvacation?”必背知识点一、核心词汇与短语1. go on vacation:去度假2. stay at home:待在家里3. go to the mountain/mountains:去爬山4. go to the beach:去海滩5. visit museums:参观博物馆6. quite a few:相当多7. study for:为……而学习8. go out:出去9. most of the time:大部分时间10. taste good:尝起来很好吃11. have a good time:玩得高兴12. of course:当然13. feel like:给……的感觉;感受到14. go shopping:去购物15. in the past:在过去16. walk around:四处走走17. because of:因为18. one bowl of…:一碗……19. the next day:第二天20. drink tea:喝茶21. find out:找出;查明22. take photos:照相23. something important:重要的事二、重点句型与结构1. 询问过去的行动:Where did you go on vacation? 你假期去哪里了?What did you do last weekend? 上周末你做了什么?2. 回答过去的行动:I went to the mountains. 我去爬山了。
We visited the museum. 我们参观了博物馆。
3. 描述过去的感受或状态:It was wonderful. 太棒了。
I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉自己像一只鸟。
4. 表示过去的频率或习惯:I usually went shopping with my mom. 我通常和我妈妈一起去购物。
新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?【重点语法】不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
用法注意:1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。
some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 与body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用三单。
3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting【重点短语】1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事【词语辨析】1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数“许多…”2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名“到达......”arrive at +小地点(注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,如:arrive here; get home)4. feel like sth 感觉像…feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。
八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
语法:1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有:is\am---was是; are -- were是; go---went去; buy—bought买; take ---took拿走; do\does—did 做;feed—fed喂;see—saw 看见;eat—ate 吃;have\has—had 有、吃;feel—felt感觉;ride—rode骑;get—got到达,得到;can—could能、会;forget—forgot 忘记;drink—drank喝;find—found找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:some body any one every thingno where(疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。
·He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。
(肯定句用something,形容词important 放后)·Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后)·Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后) (4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。
八年级上册英语语法Company Document number:WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
语法:1.本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有:is\am---was是 are -- were是 go---went去 buy—bought买 take ---took拿走, do\does—did feed—fed喂see—saw 看见 eat—ate 吃 have\has—had 有,吃feel—felt感觉 ride—rode骑 get—got到达,得到can—could能,会forget—forgot忘记drink—drank喝find—found找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:some bodyany oneevery thingno where(疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。
(肯定句用something,形容词important放后)Did you buy anything special anything,形容词special放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后)(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。
八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacati on?本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2•学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
语法: 1•本单元出现的动词不规则过去式有:is\am---was 是;are -- were 是;go---went 去;buy —bought买;take ---took拿走;do\does —did 做;feed—fed喂;see —saw看见;eat --ate 吃;have\has —had 有、吃;feel -felt 感觉;ride —rode 骑;get --got 到达,得到;can — could 能、会;forget —forgot 忘记;drink —drank 喝;find —found 找到2. 不定代词和不定副词的用法:some bodyany oneevery thingno where (疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的some、any、every、no 与右边的body、one、thing 构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where 构成不定副词;(2)—般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do. 他有重要的事情要做。
(肯定句用something,形容词important 放后)Did you buy anything special?(一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后)Did you go any where interesting last mon th? 上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting 放后)(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。
Evero ne is here today. 今天每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和知识点1. (P1,图片)go on vacation 去度假;go to the mountains 上山/进山2. (P1,1a)stay at home 呆在家;go to the beach 去海滩;visit museums 参观博物馆;go to summer camp 去参观夏令营3. (P2,2b)study for tests 为考试而学习备考; go out出去4. (P2,2d)quite a few 相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few frie nds. 他有不少朋友5. (P3,语法表格3行)buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买某物My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me.我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣6. (P3,语法表格4行)为感官动词,后跟形容词7. ( P3,语法表格5行)过得高兴,玩得愉快 (=enjoy on eself ) They had a good time yesterday.= They enjo yed themselves yesterday.他们昨天玩得很开心。
8. (P3,3a) go shopp ing 去购物9. (P3,3b,4 行)taste good. 尝起来很好taste (尝起来)、look (看起来)、sou nd (听起来)The food tastes delicious.这食品尝起来非常可口。
The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。
•The songs sound beautiful. 这些歌曲听起来很优美。
have a good\great\f un time nothingbut+动词原形:除了 .... 之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。
1O.(P3,3b,5 行)seem to do sth: 好像•I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+ (to be )+形容词:看起来The work seems (to be ) easy.这工作看起来很容易。
11. (P3,3c)keep a diary 记日记12. (P5, 2b , 1 行)rin+大地方:到达某地arrive €at+小地方:到达某地(get to+地方:到达某地)He arrived in Beiji ng yesterday. 他昨天达至U北京。
若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词,后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。
Tom got home yesterday eve nin g=Tom arrived home yesterday eve ning.昨晚汤姆到家。
13. (P5,2b,2 行)decide to do sth: 决定做某事He decided to go home. 他决定回家。
14. (P5,2b,3 行)try doing sth. 尝试做某事try to do sth. 尽力去做某事The boy tried ridi ng bicycle. 这个小孩试着骑自行车。
He tried to help the old man. 他尽力帮助这个老年人。
15. (P5,2b,4 行)feel like给............ 的感觉;感受到16. (P5,2b,1 段末行)in the past 在过去walk around 四处走走enjoy doing sth: 喜欢做某事He enjoys playi ng basketball. 他喜欢打篮球。
17. (P5,2b,2 段1 行)difference(名词,差异,差别)-- different(形容词,不同的)18. (P5,2b,2 段2 行)start doing sth :开始做某事(= start to do sth )•He started doing his homework.他开始做家庭作业。
19. (P5,2b,2 段3 行)over an hour 一个多小时(over 超过,多余= more than )20. (P5,2b,2 段4 行)too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. 昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。
too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do. 我们有很多工作要做。
•Don ' t talk too much. 不要说太多。
much too 太..... 后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me. 这帽子对我来说太大。
You' re walking much too fast. 你走地太快了。
分辨三者的口诀:too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。
too many要记住,后面名词必复数。
21. (P5,2b,2 段6 行)because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing ),不能接句子。
because 因为,后跟句子。
•He can ' t go to school because of the rain. 他因为下雨没去上学。
(rain 为名词)He was late for school because of get ting up late. 他因为起晚而上学迟至叽(get 为动词)=He was late for school because he got up late.I don ' buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。
22. (P5,2b,2 段8 行)enough (足够的)与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has eno ugh money .他有足够的钱。
(money 为名词)eno ugh(足够的)与形容词或副词连用,en ough放在后面。
He is old eno ugh to go to school. (old 为形容词)23. (P6,2d,倒数4 行)doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)forget «to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)Don ' t foget to close the door. 不要忘记关上门。
(门还未关)He forgot closing the door. 他忘记已经关上门了。
(门已经关上,但是他忘了)24. (P6,2e,5 行)an othe叶数字+可数名词单数或复数:额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wan ted ano ther two apples. 他吃了一个苹果,还想再要两个。
25. (P8,self check,2,6 行)so+形容词+that+句子:如此...... 以至于... ;too+ 形容词+to do sth :太....... 以至于不能...形容词+enough to do : sth足够 ....... 能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he can 'tgo to school. 他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。
=He isn 'told eno ugh to go to school.26. (P8,self check,2,7 行)tell sb (not) to do sth: 告诉某人(不要)做某事My mother ofte n tells us not to play in the street. 我的妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。