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读后续写：语法句式升级法今天我要分享的主题是：如何用高频的语法结构来升级句子。
如果把一篇完整的续写文章比作一座房子，那么无疑词汇就是建造这座房子的砖瓦，而高频语法就是建造这所房子所需要的水泥和钢筋。
读后续写的评分标准中，有一项是要求我们的作文句式多样。
这节课，我们就讲解4种常见的句式结构，来升级句子，分别是：非谓语动词having done、倒装结构，虚拟语气以及形式主语句。
第1种句式：非谓语动词having done在读后续写中，我们经常会表达“在一个动作之后，做了另外一个动作”，比如①“她走了很长时间后，她发现自己迷路了”。
②三次失败后，他不想再试一次。
屏幕前的你，听到这里可以暂停，自己可以在本子上造出这两个句子。
我相信大部分同学都没有难度的造出下面的句子：①After I walked for quite a long time，she found herself lost.②After he failed three times，he didn't want to try again.今天，我们试着对上面的句子“改造升级”。
非谓语动词having done可以表先后，表示分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，常译为"在…之后；已经…了"。
于是这两个句子就可以改成：1.Having walked for quite a long time，she found herself lost.2.Having failed three times，he didn't want to try again.第2种句式：倒装结构装句的使用可以丰富我们的语言表达，让句式更加多样。
因此，写作中适当用一些倒装句式会使文章的表达更生动、有力、让阅卷老师眼前一亮。
比如2016年高考读后续写中，讲述夫妻俩野外露营，因小事发生争执，女主人独自走进森林迷路的故事。
有同学描写下面两个小场景，就用到了倒装结构。
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文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!本店铺为大家提供各种类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you! In addition, this shop provides you with various types of practical materials, such as educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts, other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!2020年的新高考改革在全国范围内逐渐推行，对于即将面临高考的考生们来说，这无疑是一个重大的变化。
新高考英语读后续写主旨升华句式一、人与自我（一）学习知识，挑战自我而成长1. It's never too late to learn. Each individual has the right to accept more challenges and make more attempts.学习永远为时不晚。
每个人都应该并且有权利去接受更多的挑战，做更多的尝试。
2.You could never tell me how exhilarating but daunting the experience was and all the efforts paid off when I eventually sensed the joy of hearing the wind whistling past my ears.当我终于感觉到听到风从我耳边呼啸而过的喜悦时，你永远无法告诉我，这段经历是多么令人振奋，所有的努力都得到了回报。
（2022 年汕头市高三年级第一次调研考试----学习骑自行车）3. If you are still trapped in the worry, do not be depressed but let the thing go and try to challenge yourself right now, just like my first flying javelin in the azure sky.如果你还被困在烦恼中，不要沮丧，而是要让事情过去，试着挑战自己，就像我在蔚蓝的天空中第一次飞行标枪一样。
(2022届浙江高三丽水卷--学习投标枪)4. At the end of the play, when the audience stood and applauded, I knew they were not just cheering for my performance that night, but for the performances they knew would come in later years because of my new found confidence. 在戏剧结束时，当观众起立鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅仅是为我那晚的表演欢呼，也是为他们知道几年后会因为我重新找回的信心而来的表演而欢呼。
2015 年 8 月，在教育部考试中心发布的《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》中，提出了写作新题型:读后续写或概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用。
随着新教材的使用推广，该题型已经在浙江、山东、辽宁等省份的日常考试中频繁出现，并将在2020年高考中使用。
读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型，对于新题型我们该如何训练我们的续写和概要总结能力呢！一起来边做例题边学习吧！【读后续写】读后续写主要关注以下四个方面的能力:（1）把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。
学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来。
（2）语言运用的准确性和丰富性。
学生能准确、恰当地使用所学词汇和语言结构，还能够根据内容需要使用较多、较复杂的词汇和语言结构。
（3）对语篇结构的把控能力。
学生需要掌握上下文逻辑关系，所续写的短文与所给短文及段落开头语之间要有连贯性，所续写的短文内语句要连贯、有序。
（4）创造性思维能力。
学生所续写的短文要具有较丰富的内容，包含详细和生动的情景、态度和感情描述。
“读后续写”答题攻略如下：（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，例如什么人(who)什么时间(when)在什么地方(where)因为什么(why)做了什么事儿(what)，最后有了什么发展(how)。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。
一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
专题29 书面表达（新高考读后续写类）1.【2020·浙江卷】阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal:to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇)，I took some pictures of the bear.Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes，but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫)，the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
读后续写提升讲解（一）学会欣赏优秀的范文高分的续写文章具备的特点：1、字迹清晰每段首尾的字迹必须非常清楚。
其实阅卷老师无论看什么作文，他的重点一般都是放在每段的首尾，首尾必须吸睛。
2、前后呼应，主题升华。
最重要的就是主题升华，弘扬人性的真善美。
3、高级动词，动作更细腻。
读后续写的词汇得分点除了一般的名词、形容词、副词之外，最重要的是高级动词！因为续写侧重叙事，里面涉及到的人的动作是非常多的，比如cry，这就过于简单，要侧重细节描写，高分作文一般就会写，With shoulders shivering, her tears cannot help streaming down her face.她的双肩哆哆嗦嗦，眼泪情不自禁的从她脸上流下来。
所以类似表现喜怒哀乐的情况，都要事先做好准备，侧重刻画描写，脸，手，眼睛都可以描写。
4、关于情节，提倡一波两折。
虽说读后续写没有字数限制，但是考虑到字的大小与整体篇幅限制，一般两个波折即可，如事态变坏一个转折，最后事态好转一个转折即可。
（二）续写的四个步骤：1. 通读全文，理清脉络读所给的不完整故事，要特别留意故事里的人物、时态(通常是一般过去时)、事件(起因和经过)、故事的结构特点及语言特色，以便在续写时保持上下文一致。
牢记一句口诀：人物时态和事件，语言特色不要变。
挖掘文本语言表达风格，模仿原文语言写句子。
使续写部分的语言风格与原文的风格相一致，以促进语言协同。
此外，如果原文有较多对话, 续写也可出现对话；如原文没有对话, 尽量少用对话形式。
2. 抓住关键，构思框架仔细阅读原文，只要抓住三个关键句：续写部分的两段首句和续写第一段的最后一句，再结合正能量结尾，按照故事发展的要素(起因、经过、转折、高潮、结局), 便可构建大致框架, 合理设计后续情节。
3. 增加细节，展开续写选择性地加入多角度的细节性描写，增加故事的可信度、真实度和饱满度。
4. 检查优化，整洁誊写默读初稿，注意检查全文的故事情节是否完整，所续写内容是否符合逻辑，与所给段首句语义是否衔接，上下文是否连贯，语言风格特色是否与前文一致。
2020 高中英语新高考读后续写的升华：删繁就简三秋树，领异标新二月花引言我在近日提出读后续写的两个概念。
读后续写的内容可以分为：Be a story; Beyond a story.所谓Be a story, 就是把故事说完整即可，不一定要突出一定的道理，类似于情景剧《老友记》，娱乐一下；而Beyond a story 是基于一定的主旨（theme）去挖掘人物的内心情感，所有情节的拓展都是服务于主旨。
从浙江的历年读后续写材料和提供的范文看，文章并没有突出一定的主旨，纯粹的Be a story 。
譬如2016 年的妻子赌气和丈夫旅游中分开，然后迷路。
续写也是最后两人又和好。
包括今年的儿子上学，父母给家里的狗又添了一个伙伴，然后儿子回家。
这里面的故事就是单纯地围绕人物线展开，把故事讲完了，就结束了。
我认为无论是be a story 还是beyond a story ，只要把人物形象刻画出来了，并且续写部分的想象合情合理，都是达到了高考的写作要求。
但有人说，beyond a story 对学生来说，太难了。
其实这就误解了我的意思。
就具体写而言，要想写好，都不容易。
甚至be a story 对学生的遣词造句要求更高。
因为你完全靠情节胜出，就要在用词上卯足劲，否则这篇文章就干巴巴的。
不仅仅没有思想，而且语言平庸，味同嚼蜡。
而beyond a story ，你虽然语言平庸一点，但是你的思想非常动人，这就弥补了语言表达的匮乏。
以浙江作文题为例材料大致是：丈夫和妻子去旅游，来到森林里，二人意见不合，妻子赌气跑开了。
然后突然发现迷路了。
此时看到头上的飞机，估计是找她，但无法让它看到。
续写部分的范文是：天黑了，妻子找了写果实吃了后睡去；天亮，又和丈夫重逢。
我的想法：这几年的续写材料说实话，不知道是不是命题人觉得学生水平有限，选材都没有一定的思想深度，即使和完形填空比都差一截。
作为考生，如果要从思想上拔高，就要如此考虑，由于文章主要写妻子的活动，人物此时就一个：妻子。
专题08 完形填空（全国卷专用）（原卷版）分析近年的考点分布可以看出：语法填空考察选型词以实词为主，其中名词、动词是考察重点，其次是形容词和副词，词组短语也是常考，A、B、C、D四个选项分布是均等的。
一、完形填空思维导图二、巧取语篇层次题语篇层次是最高的考点层次，也是学生拉分题，此类试题需要阅读全篇，站在整个语篇的角度才能选出正确的答案。
[例][2021·浙江卷节选][2]I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day __42____. We had to43.carry everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a44.long way but in 35 ℃ heat and with a heavy pack，my legs were on fire.……[6]53.Needless to say, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 54.survived. I think I am much 55.stronger for having taken part in the project.42．A.tour B．projectC．campaign D．course解题依据：完形填空文章或段落存在首尾呼应的关系，通过结合首段(或首句)和尾段(或尾句)信息，考生可以更好地解答部分题目。
分析：本题可以利用首尾呼应解题。
根据文章末尾的“the project”可知，本篇文章讲述地是作者某次项目的经历，结合文末信息回到开头题目，可知作者被派去Coronado National Forest是为了一个8天的“项目”。
2020年新高考全国卷英语读后续写范文2020 National College Entrance Examination English Reading Comprehension Continuing WritingPrompt: Write a continuation of the story based on the passage below. (The original passage is included for reference)Original Passage:Mary had always loved the small town where she had lived all her life. The community was like a big family - everyone knew each other, and people always helped each other out in times of need. However, as she graduated from high school, Mary felt a strong desire to explore the world beyond her hometown. She yearned to experience new places, meet different people, and challenge herself in ways she had never done before.Continuation:One sunny morning, Mary packed her bags and said goodbye to her family and friends. Her heart was filled with a mixture of excitement and nervousness as she boarded the bus that would take her to the city. As the bus pulled away from the familiar sights of her hometown, Mary felt a twinge of sadness but quickly reminded herself of the adventures that awaited her.Upon arriving in the bustling city, Mary was overwhelmed by the hustle and bustle of urban life. The tall buildings, busy streets, and endless sea of people were a stark contrast to the quiet simplicity of her small town. Despite feeling a bit out of place, Mary was determined to make the most of her new surroundings.She found a small apartment in a lively neighborhood and enrolled in a local university to pursue her passion for literature. The rigorous coursework and fast-paced city life kept her busy, but Mary thrived in the new environment. She made friends from all walks of life, attended cultural events, and soaked up the diversity of the city.One day, while wandering through a crowded market, Mary stumbled upon a small bookstore tucked away in a corner. Intrigued, she stepped inside and was immediately captivated by the rows of books lining the shelves. The owner, a kind elderly man named Mr. Jones, struck up a conversation with Mary and quickly became her mentor in the world of literature.Under Mr. Jones' guidance, Mary delved deeper into the world of books and writing. She spent hours in the bookstore, discussing literature, sharing stories, and honing her craft.Through his wisdom and encouragement, Mary discovered her own voice as a writer and began to pen her own stories.As time passed, Mary's talent was recognized by a publishing house in the city. They offered her a book deal, and soon her debut novel was released to critical acclaim. The success of her book catapulted Mary to literary fame, and she found herself on a whirlwind journey of book tours, interviews, and signings.Despite her newfound success, Mary never forgot her roots in the small town that had shaped her. She returned home to visit her family and friends, who were overjoyed to see how far she had come. The community that had once seemed so small now felt like a warm embrace, filled with love and support for their hometown girl turned bestselling author.And so, Mary's story came full circle - from a small town dreamer to a city-dwelling writer, she had traveled far and wide, but always carried the spirit of home within her heart.The end.。
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧专题（十）读后续写+续写综合训练读后续写是一种全新的综合写作任务形式。
根据研究表明, 读后续写能有效检测学生的阅读和写作水平, 从而有效区分不同能力的考生。
一．读后续写的考纲说明和题型介绍1.了解考纲说明根据教育部考试中心的相关说明, 读后续写要求考生在阅读一段350 词以内的语言材料的基础上, 根据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写（150 词左右）, 将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。
续写部分分为两段。
原文给出10 个左右的标有下划线的关键词语, 所续写短文应使用 5 个以上。
2.明白试题选材的特点教育部考试中心的考试说明虽未对读后续写材料的体裁做出明确说明, 但根据所附的样题和近几年的真题来看, 所提供的阅读材料一般多以记叙文为主, 亦或是夹叙夹议类的文章, 故事情节有曲折、有起伏；故事线索的逻辑性比较强。
记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主, 以写人物的经历和事物的发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。
它的主要的表达方式是叙述和描写,也常辅以适当的抒情、议论和说明。
记叙文的特点是通过生动形象的事件来反映生活并表达作者的思想情感, 它的中心思想蕴含在具体材料中, 通过对人、事、物的生动描写来表现。
它的话题贴近生活, 有一定趣味性, 给学生的想象空间较大, 上下文连贯性较强, 结构清晰, 语言难度较易把握。
3.熟知续写评分标准（一）题型考查的能力（1）想象力和创新表达能力；（2）理解与产出紧密结合的能力；（3）创造性地模仿与使用语言的能力；（4）用特定的划线词汇创意表达的能力（二）读后续写的高考评分标准（1）与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；（2）内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况；（3）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性；（5）拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑；（6）如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
2024届读后续写高分模版目录句式 (1)描写 (4)修辞 (10)句式句式一：动作三连结构（A, B and C结构）示例：1.The boys excitedly rushed to the lake, quickly took off their clothes and jumped into the water to play.男孩们兴奋地跑到湖边，脱下衣服，跳入湖中玩耍。
2.My mom opened the purse, took out fifty dollars and handed it to the poor old man.妈妈打开钱包，拿出五十元钱，递给那个贫困的老人。
句式二：非谓语动词句式变型一：ing现在分词，凸显同一对象同时发生不同的动作示例：1.老人静坐=坐在夕阳下+看报纸+听广播The old man sat under the sunset,reading the newspaper and listening to the radio.句式变型二：having done 表现动作先后关系示例：1.She wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, then she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.改写：Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.她在街上漫无目的地逛了好几个小时，感到有点饿，想吃点东西。
2.After she made full preparations, she stood by the window and expected the arrival of her daughter.改写：Having made full preparations, she stood by the window, expecting the arrival of her daughter.翻译：做好充分的准备后，她站在窗边，期待着女儿的到来。
读后续写微技能--独立主格的使用一、独立结构的作用1. 名词（代词）+ 现在分词2. 名词（代词）+ 过去分词3. 名词（代词）+ 形容词短语4. 名词（代词）+ 介词短语5. 名词（代词）+ 副词短语二、使用独立结构改写下列句子1. Her eyes brimmed with tears and she left.【答案】(Her) eyes brimming with tears, she left.2. The boy stood there and his face was rigid with anger.【答案】The boy stood there, his face rigid with anger.3. I clasped my hands behind me and I was too shocked to say a word.【答案】I was too shocked to say a word, my hands clasped behind me.4. A girl came in with a book in her hand.【答案】A girl came in, book in hand.5. The manager sat quietly in the office and his eyes were closed.【答案】The manager sat quietly in the office, (his ) eyes closed.6. They sat in the room with the curtains drawn.【答案】They sat in the room, the curtains drawn.7. Oliver jumped up and h is face was bright red with anger.【答案】His face bright red with anger, Oliver jumped up.8. Linda leapt to her feet and h er eyes was blazing with anger.【答案】Linda leapt to her feet, her eyes blazing with anger.9. As we hugged Ruth good-bye, she said to me. H er tears was shiningin her eyes.【答案】As we hugged Ruth good-bye, she said to me, tears shining in her eyes.10. He cried and h is blue eyes was shining behind his glasses.【答案】He cried, his blue eyes shining behind his glasses.。
专题08 读后续写句式提升之独立结构的使用
独立主格结构是由“名词或代词+现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语或副词短语”构成的一种独立结构。
在该结构中，名词或代词与其后的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
在句中作状语，表示“时间、条件、原因、伴随，方式或结果”等含义，其位置比较灵活，可放于句首、句中或句末。
一、请仔细观察下列句子中独立结构的作用
1. 名词（代词）+ 现在分词
The clock striking twelve, I went to bed. （表原因）
2. 名词（代词）+ 过去分词
He lay there on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast. （表伴随）
3. 名词（代词）+ 形容词短语
Her face pale with anger, she rose to go away. （表原因）
4. 名词（代词）+ 介词短语
Then, last night, I followed him here and climbed in, sword in hand. （表方式）
5. 名词（代词）+ 副词短语
Summer over, the students returned to school. （表原因）
二、请使用独立结构改写下列句子
1.Her eyes brimmed with tears and she left.
2.The boy stood there and his face was rigid with anger.
3.I clasped my hands behind me and I was too shocked to say a word.
4. A girl came in with a book in her hand.
5.The manager sat quietly in the office and his eyes were closed.
6.They sat in the room with the curtains drawn.
7.Oliver jumped up and his face was bright red with anger.
8.Linda leapt to her feet and her eyes was blazing with anger.
9.As we hugged Ruth good-bye, she said to me. Her tears was shining in her eyes.
10.He cried and his blue eyes was shining behind his glasses.
三、实战演练（2018年6月浙江高考）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked u s up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. "The day starts at dawn on my farm," he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself an yway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. "Don’t be late for supper," Uncle Paul cried, "and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!" "OK! " my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为l50左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ We had no idea where we were and it got dark.___________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________。
