2015年中国人民大学翻译硕士考研真题分析

2015考研英语（二）翻译真题及答案2015年考研已经圆满结束了，考研英语频道在考后为大家提供2015考研英语(二)翻译真题及答案，欢迎大家参考和借鉴，大家可以收藏我们的网站，了解更多考研信息!2015考研英语(二)翻译真题及答案<原文>Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.<点评>今年英语二的翻译在难度上有所上升。

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：12015年中国人民大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

人口、资源与环境经济学专业（020106）专业介绍人口、资源与环境经济学专业是国家级重点学科，由环境学院和社会与人口学院共建，本专业是博士和硕士学位授予点，并且具有“资源与环境经济学”专业学士学位授予权，是国内资源与环境经济学领域历史最久、规模最大、培养层次最全的学科点。

学科门类为经济学，一【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：2级学科为理论经济学。

本专业主要以经济学、公共管理学、政策分析的理论和方法为基础，与环境科学技术专业知识、方法相结合，紧密联系国际国内环境与发展问题。

本专业致力于培养有志于从事可持续发展事业的、具有复合知识结构、独立工作能力、开阔学术视野、强烈开拓意识的人口、资源与环境经济学高级专门人才。

学生在学期间将在经济学基础理论、研究方法和分析工具、人口和资源与环境领域专门知识、实际科研能力等方面受到严格训练。

博士点研究方向有环境管理的经济政策；自然保护与可持续发展；环境价值评估；气候变化国际管理体制研究；环境政策管理；节能减碳政策管理；人口资源环境经济学理论；人口资源环境经济系统分析；自然资源管理；循环经济；生态经济理论；生态经济学与可持续发展。

硕士点研究方向有可持续发展经济学理论；自然资源管理与环境资源价值评估；环境经济学与环境政策；环境管理体制分析；环境经济系统仿真；全球环境问题；分析工具的开发。

本专业现有博士生导师11人，硕士生导师16人，其中本院教授10人，副教授6人，讲师5人。

聘请了国外著名大学、研究机构学者担任讲座教授、兼职教授、兼职博士生导师。

16年考研详解与指导姓氏和名、字、号1.姓氏是标志社会结构中一种（血缘关系）的符号。

2.中国姓氏制度的特点：(1)它是氏族血缘关系的产物，又是宗法制度的表现，其历史渊源非常久远，是世界上最古老的姓氏制度之I(2)在长期的封建社会中，它与封建礼制相结合，标榜同姓同宗，抬高名门大姓，成为维护封建统治秩序的有力工具；(3)它虽然以汶族原有的姓氏为主体，但是也吸收和容纳了许多其他民族的文化成分，因此它已经成为民族团结和融合的象征。

3.中国的姓氏可以追溯到（母系氏族社会）。

4.姓：母系氏族社会中，人们按母系血缘分成若干氏族，每个氏族都以图腾或居住地形成互相区别的族号，这个族号就是“姓”。

5.氏：同一母系血统的子孙繁衍，人口增加，同一母族分为若干支族迁往不同的地方居住和生活，每个支族都要有一个区别于其他支族的称号，这个称号就是“氏”。

6.姓氏最初的区别：(1)姓代表母系血统，氏代表氏族分支；(2)姓是不变的，氏是可变的；⑶姓区别血统，氏区别子孙。

7.进入夏商周三代，氏都是由（统治者赐封）而来的，这时氏已是（贵族地位）的标志8.姓氏混为一体，大致是在（秦汶）时代。

9.姓氏的主要来源：⑴上古最早产生的姓：姬、姜、姚等；⑵祖先的族号：唐、夏、周等；⑶国名：齐、鲁、燕、韩等；⑷地名：西门、南宫、东郭等；(5)官职：司马、司徒、司空、帅、尉、史等；(6)职业：屠、陶、乐、卜等；(7)动植物：马、羊、龙、杨、柳等；(8)排行或数字：孟、仲、季、伍、陆、万等；(9)爵号或谥号：王、侯、昭、庄等；(10)出身：王子、公孙、公子、王孙等；(11)少数民族：长孙、慕容、尉迟等。

10.郡望：“郡望”是指某一姓氏世居某郡而为人们所仰望，实际指某一姓氏的社会影响。

由于推崇高门大姓，人们注重出身，看中门第，便产生了所谓的“郡望意识”。

如：韩愈其实是河阳人，但由于韩姓以昌黎为郡望，所以自称“韩昌黎”。

11■姓氏的产生和变化是（社会发展）的结果，姓氏的混杂则是（社会变动）的反映。

全国8大分校·出题人阅卷人加盟·多对一跟踪督促·精准考研信息·考前绝密押题·复试协议保过高端状元集训营·一对一押题保分·专业课视频课程·全套真题（含解析）笔记·专业课押题卷中国人民大学翻译硕士考研资料-----育明教育考研一．中国人民大学翻译硕士考研内容分析专业招生人数初试复试英语笔译年份统考推免政治100分翻译硕士英语100分英语翻译基础150分汉语写作与百科知识150分复试总分值为350分。

各项成绩以本项分值的60%为及格线，所有成绩均达到及格，才能视为复试合格。

各项成绩分配如下：1.专业综合课笔试（分值100分）2.第二外国语笔试（分值50分）3.专业课和综合素质面试（分值150分）4.第二外国语听力和口试（分值50分）2015113201685英语口译201561201635二．育明考研考博辅导中心武老师解析：关于中国人民大学翻译硕士2016年的招生信息最新总结：1.中国人民大学翻译硕士2015年开始招生，人数不多，难度中等偏上，报录比大概10：1，孙老师建议大家可以提前备考。

16年复试分数线350分，笔译进复试12人，录取8人，最高分378分，最低分352分。

口译进复试5人，录取3人，最高分364分，最低分350分。

2，中国人民翻译硕士考研参考书真题都不公布，很多考生觉得无从下手，但是没有参考书并不能阻碍什么。

考研，非参加知识竞赛，背书即可。

研究生入学考试，考的是语言能力，不是考记忆力。

3，人大开始招生不久，复试第一年没有考察二外，16年开始考察二外，笔试面试都有，希望大家看清楚条件，谨慎报考。

招生简章上学费比较贵，但是15年人大笔译和口译均是2万元每年。

具体费用最终执行标准以北京市教委等主管部门批复为准。

育明教育考博分校针对中国人民大学翻译硕士专业考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课一对一·全程集训营·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

中国政法大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.4管理1.4.1考研真题及详解1.我们全面推进产I结构调整和优化升级.制定汽车、钢铁等十个重点产业的调整和振兴规划。

.我们采取经济和技术的措施，大力推进节能减排,推进企业兼并重组.提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。

我们鼓励和支持企业广泛应用新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料，开发适销对路产品。

（南开大学2010翻译硕士）答：（1)产业结构，亦称国民经济的部门结构。

产业结构调整是当今各国发展经济的重要课题，调整和建立合理的产业结构，目的是促进经济和社会的发展，人民物质文化生活水平的改善。

产业结构调整包括产业结构合理化和高级化两个方面。

产业结构合理化是指各产业之间相互协调，有较强的产业结构转换能力和良好的适应性，能适应市场需求变化，并带来最佳效益。

产业结构高级化，是指产业结构系统从较低级形式向较高级形式的转化过程。

(2).产业结构优化，是指推动产业结构合理化和产业结构高级化发展的过程，是实现产业结构与资源供给结构、技术结构、需求结构相适应的状态。

产业结构优化升级是产业结构合理化和高级化的有机统一。

产业结构合理化是产业结构高级化的基础；产业结构高级化是产业结构合理化的必然结果。

推进产业结构优化升级是我国经济社会发展进程中的一项长期任务。

(3)节能减排有广义和狭义之分。

广义而言，节能减排是指节约物质资源和能量资源，减少废弃物和环境有害物(包括三废和噪声等）的排放；狭义而言，节能减排是指节约能源和减少环境有害物排放。

《中华人民共和国节约能源法》所称节约能源（简称节能），是指加强用能管理，采取技术上可行、经济上合理以及环境和社会可以承受的措施，从能源生产到消费的各个环节，降低消耗、减少损失和污染物排放、制止浪费，有效、合理地利用能源。

(4)兼并是指通过产权的有偿转让，把其他企业并人本企业或企业集团中，使被兼并的企业失去法人资格或改变法人实体的经济行为；企业重组是指针对企业产权关系和其他债务资产管理结构所展开的企业的改组、整顿与整合的过程，从整体上和战略上改善企业经营管理状况，强化企业在市场上的竞争能力，推进企业创新。

2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题及答案解析Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchersmeasured people‟s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ” writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes.“ It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with childr en and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn‟t measure is whether people are still doing work when they‟re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it‟s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it‟s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they‟re supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they‟re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they‟re your family. Y ou cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it‟s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home_____[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement[C] generated more stress than the workplace[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Childless wives[B] Working mothers[C] Childless husbands[D] Working fathers23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____[A] skills[B] energy[C] earnings[D] nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed fordecades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” ab achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students ( who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact- was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the …rules of the game,‟ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don‟t talk about the c lass advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ‟educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students‟ like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first- generation students has_______[A] reduced their dropout rates[B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose[D] depressed college students27. The author of the research article are optimistic because_______[A] the problem is solvable[B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased[D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first- generation students______[A] study at private universities[B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support[D] have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_______[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “th e lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn‟t talk about energy; we didn‟t talk abou t passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not by coincidence. “Let‟s not forgetsports—in male-dominated corporate America, it‟s still a big deal. It‟s not explicitly conscious; it‟s the idea that I‟m a coach, and you‟re my team, and we‟re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of th emselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out, increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can‟t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg‟s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,”you‟ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it‟s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that‟s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you re late to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_____[A] more emotional[B] more objective[C] less energetic[D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______[A] historical incidents[B] gender difference[C] sports culture[D] athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______[A] revive historical terms[B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation[D] strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In________[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C] Companies find it to be fundamental[D] Regular people mock it but accept itText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes”, they are classified as worked less than 35hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people , especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions ,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture are neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they_____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D] haven‟t seen the weakness of the market.38. Involuntary part-time employment is the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B] shows a general tendency of decline.[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A] employment in the US[B] part-timer classification[C] insurance though Medicaid[D] Obamacare‟s troublePart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list [A]-[G] to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] You are not alone[B] Don‟t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving variouskinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won‟t l ast forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these ten old truths I‟ve learned along the way.41._____________________________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do c ompletely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_____________________________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43______________________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44________________________________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45________________________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that‟s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it‟s easy to zone out from the actua l driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don‟t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can‟t remember the journey well because we didn‟t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was short er.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)。

2015年中国人民大学英语语言学考研真题分析语言学题目都比较基础一、15*2=30填空二、10*4=40问答1、open class w ords和closed class w ords2、pidgin and creole3、high variety和low variety4、language family三、40给定材料进行论述关于语法和语用学的不同代表人物不同的研究方法四、40汉译英关于传统语法和描写性语法的注意事项：(一)与学校联系，确定具体的学校、专业，获得具体的考试信息如果确定了要考研，确定了要报考的大致学校和专业范围后，要和学校联系，获得最新的招生信息，并最后确定下报考的学校和专业。

这种获得有关专业方面信息的途径有以下几个：1、招生简章。

一般在7-8月份出，由各个学校的研究生招生主管部门(研究生院和研究生处)公布。

上面会列出：招生单位名称、代码、通讯地址、邮政编码、联系电话;招生的专业人数(有的以系、所、院、中心等整个具体招生单位为单位，有的具体到每一个专业);导师(有的不刊登，多属于集体培养);有的还会列出委培、自费等人数，但保送、保留学籍的名额一般不列出来(但这对于考生确实是非常关键的信息);考试科目;使用的参考书(很多学校也不列出，即使列出，经常列出的书目大多，或太少)。

因此可以看出，大部分招生单位的招生简章上的信息对于考生是远远不够的，这些可以说都是最基本的信息，而关键的信息，却没有列出。

2、系办印发的说明和专业课试题集。

为了弥补招生简章的不足，应付考生不停地打电话询问一些有关信息，有的招生单位(一般都是具体的招生单位如系、院、所和中心等)特别公布一些说明，比如：历年报名人数、录取人数、录取比例、录取分数、参考书目等等，但保送人数、保留学籍人数仍无法公布，因为他们一般要到11月份研究生报名之前左右才能确定。

如果系里能公布最近几年的专业课试卷，那对于考生是莫大的福音了，要是没有看到以前的这些试题，复习准备无异是盲人摸象。

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站：12015年中国人民大学考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

1、复试有排名吗？A：初试复试都不给排名。

2、拟录取名单之后有最终录取名单吗？A：拟录取了，如果你的所有需要的材料上交齐全，包括复试时要交的及之后的政审、档案和其他关系，就是最终了。

3、一般什么时候出来复试成绩和拟录取名单？A：整个复试结束后，一周内。

指学校规定的全部复试时间。

目前一般为双休放假前的周五晚上开通公布，说的是周六早上，一般不上班的。

4、拟录取名单之后干什么呢？政审呢，调档呢？A：你想干什么呢？不报个喜，放松一下心情。

请看下面关于政审和调档的内容。

5、有死亡短信？还有电话？A：愿信心常驻你心。

电话？有的是之前没交齐材料，要补交，有的是相关信息反馈。

三、五月中下旬左右：调档及政审：（考生需要耐心等待，学院分批次寄出，挂号信由邮局寄送，速度可想而知。

版主当年收到时已经是5月20日，需要在25日前寄送到学院，弄好后于22日快递寄回学院。

）各院系会根据考生报名时所填写的通讯地址，给拟录取考生挂号信寄送一封信件，内附有相关要求，注意查收。

（如需要修改通讯地址，请事先与学院取得联系）同时学院还会根据距离远近征求考生意见，是选择自取（可代领）还是挂号信寄出（需要3到7天或稍长时间）。

一定要记住信件内容里面的相关信息和时间。

调档函，考生需要把该调档函送交自己档案所在管理单位，说明情况即可。

应届生请向所在院校辅导员询问情况，往届生可向自己档案管理单位询问情况。

档案管理单位在7月中旬会通过机要局发送，考生在之后可向学院党委咨询档案是否已经送达。

2015年中国人民大学汉硕真题分析汉语国际教育硕士是一种硕士专业学位，招生对象为国民教育序列大学本科毕业（一般应有学士学位），工作满2年，热爱汉语国际推广事业，外语水平高，普通话标准，从事对外汉语教学或有志于从事汉语国际推广工作的在职人员。

或者国民教育序列大学本科毕业（一般应有学士学位），在国外从事汉语教学志愿服务满1年，获得国家汉语国际推广领导小组办公室（原名“国家对外汉语教学领导小组办公室”）颁发的《国际汉语教师中国志愿者荣誉证书》者，也可以报考。

重点招收各级各类学校教师、外语专业毕业的在职人员、回国的国际汉语教师志愿者。

中国人民大学自1953年起就开展了汉语作为第二语言的教学，是最早开展对外汉语教学的高校之一，目前已形成包括汉语长短期进修生、预科生、本科生、硕士研究生和博士研究生在内的多层次留学生教育体系。

中国人民大学设有“汉语国际推广研究所”，该所由中国人民大学与国家汉办共同建设，是国家汉语国际推广战略和对策研究以及过程监测和评估的重要平台。

人大是全国八大对外汉语教学基地之一中国人大真题分析：中国人民大学2015年汉硕考研的题目偏重于主观性。

专业一部分，共九道题目，整体来讲，考察我们的现代汉语、古代汉语知识。

如一二两道大题，主要考察现代汉语基础知识，如《说文解字》的作者是许慎，路边种着树是有歧义的句子，一方面表示路边正在种树这个动作行为，一方面表示树存在路边这种状态。

第三题是名词解释，六书、四呼、句类都是常见的现代汉语词语，采用问什么答什么的形式即可，简答题考察儿化的作用，语法上的词性以及义项问题，掌握基础知识，灵活运用是可以做对的。

再有汉硕经典试题词语辨析，大家还是按照各自的思路从词性、搭配、语义等方面回答是可以的，另外提醒大家重视举例。

还有两道题目比较灵活，一方面考察大家应变题目的灵活性，还有一方面是具备扎实的基础知识，万变不离其宗，一个考察古代汉语中的使动用法，另外一道题目是考察把字句的特点。