云南师范大学(2011-2017)考研真题

云师大英语考研题目及答案云南师范大学英语考研题目及答案一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）1. 文章文章摘要：本文探讨了技术在教育领域的影响，包括在线学习、远程教育和个性化学习工具的发展。

问题1：技术对教育的积极影响是什么？答案：技术提高了教育资源的可访问性，促进了个性化学习，并且使远程教育成为可能。

问题2：在线学习的主要优势是什么？答案：在线学习允许学生根据自己的时间表学习，提供了灵活的学习环境。

问题3：个性化学习工具如何帮助学生？答案：个性化学习工具通过适应每个学生的学习速度和风格，帮助他们更有效地学习。

问题4：远程教育面临的挑战有哪些？答案：远程教育面临的挑战包括学生参与度不足、技术问题以及缺乏面对面交流。

问题5：作者对技术在教育中应用的总体看法是什么？答案：作者认为技术极大地改善了教育的质量和可及性，但也强调了需要解决的挑战。

2. 文章标题：The Role of Social Media in Modern Society文章摘要：本文分析了社交媒体在现代社会中的角色，包括信息传播、社交互动和商业营销。

问题1：社交媒体在信息传播中的作用是什么？答案：社交媒体作为快速传播信息的平台，对公众意识的形成和事件的快速响应具有重要作用。

问题2：社交媒体如何影响人们的社交互动？答案：社交媒体改变了人们的交流方式，提供了新的社交渠道，但同时也可能导致面对面交流的减少。

问题3：商业营销在社交媒体上的应用有哪些？答案：商业营销利用社交媒体的广泛覆盖和定向广告功能，以吸引潜在客户并提高品牌知名度。

问题4：社交媒体对个人隐私的影响是什么？答案：社交媒体可能导致个人信息的泄露和隐私侵犯，需要用户更加注意个人信息的保护。

问题5：作者对社交媒体的总体评价是什么？答案：作者认为社交媒体是现代社会不可或缺的一部分，但同时也强调了需要对其潜在负面影响保持警惕。

3. 文章标题：Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development文章摘要：本文讨论了环境保护与可持续发展之间的关系，以及实现这一目标的策略。

育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。

目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师！2011年云南师范大学汉教考研真题及其答案解析请将答案注明题号写在答题纸上，试题纸上作答无效。

一、填空题（每小题1分，共25分）1.最能反映母系氏族公社文化的是广泛分布在黄河流域的（）。

答案：仰韶文化2.“春秋五霸”指的是齐桓公，楚庄王，秦穆公，宋囊王和（）。

答案：晋文公3.“秦时明月汉时关，万果长征人未还”出自（）的诗《出塞》。

答案：王昌龄4.魏晋时期，我国的雕塑深受（）的影响。

答案：佛教5.唐代中期著名画家（）一生主要创作壁画，被后人尊称为“画圣”。

6.宋词可分为两大派流，即豪放派和（）。

答案：婉约派7.在中国传统乐器中，被称为“大生”的是（）。

答案：8.中日两国的交往，至（）时达到鼎盛。

答案：唐9.汉代五经是指《周易》，《尚书》，《诗经》，《礼仪》和（）。

答案：春秋10.明代音乐家朱载育在（）一书中详细阐述了“十二平均律”理论。

答案：乐律灵书11.“陆羽茶经元亮酒”中的“元亮”指的是（）。

答案：陶渊明12.汉字结构的”六书“包括象形，指事，会意，形声，（）和假借。

答案：转注13.科举制，教育制度和（）构成了我国封建社会的人才制度。

答案：官吏制度14.“理学”其实是宋明时代的儒家学说，又被称作（）。

15.地方志同时具备两种特性，一是地理的，二是（）。

答案：历史的16.西藏地区流传的佛教是“藏传佛教”又称为（）。

答案：喇嘛教17.西方哲学名著《存在和虚无》的作者是（）。

答案：萨特18.茅盾的长篇小说《子夜》的主人公是（）。

答案：19.现代天文学家将星空分为八十个星座，牛郎星属于（）星座。

答案：天鹰20.余秋雨的第一部散文集是（）。

2017年云南师范⼤学硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试学科教育⾼级英语真题云南师范⼤学2017年硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试⾃命题科⽬试卷报考专业：学科教学（英语）考试科⽬及代码：⾼级英语821考试时量：150分钟试卷编号：（A卷）考号：姓名：I. Vocabulary and Structure (每题2分, 共40分)Directions:Choose the best word or phrase to complete each of the following statements.1. ______，Marcia walked up to the podium and deliverer an animated acceptance speech．A．Excited about winning the award．B．Been excited with winning the award．C．To be excited about winning the awardD．Exciting with winning the award2. As a scientific document, the book should stand for several years until further make revision .A. development; impossibleB. experiments; optionalC. advances; necessaryD. attempts; undesirable3. When I was a teenager，I______a lot and people couldn’t understand what I was saying．A．complainedB．mumbledC．utteredD．gossiped4. Dry farming is a type of agriculture used in areas less than 20 inches of rainfall.A. there areB. where there isC. in which isD. which has5. Not until 1942______a drying patient’s life using penicillin．A．when John Bumstead and Orvan Hess saved B．saved John Bumstead and Orvan HessC．did John Bumstead and Orvan Hess saveD．that John Bumstead and Orvan Hess saved6. Birds that breed on high cliffs have pear－ shaped eggs that roll ina tight circle，making_____less likely to roll off the cliff．A．somewhereB．sometimesC．somethingD．somewhat7. ______，the condor in Peru is threatened by the rapid encroachment of humans．A．As isolated as its few remaining habitats may be．B．As its few remaining isolated habitats may be．C．May its few remaining habitats be as isolated．D．Its few remaining habitats may be as isolatcd．8.When the limestone or other carbonate rock just below the ground surface dissolves naturally, ______ collapses and forms sinkholes.A．a landB．the landC．the landsD．lands9. We look with pride at our new bridges and dams, for they are works of art as well as of______.A．leisureB．aestheticsC．drudgeryD．utility10. When two people feel the same way about each other, their feelings are ______.A．habitualB．mutualC．relevantD．equivalent11.American schools tend to put more emphasis on developing ______ skills than they do on acquiring quantities of facts. Students are encouraged to ask questions, think for themselves and express their own opinions. A．critical-thinking B．interpersonalC．intellectualD．social12. At each end of the tube ______, one which gathers light and one which magnifies the image.A．are two lenses thereB．two lenses areC．are two lensesD．two lenses are there13. Reports have recommended that universities should prize good teaching______ good research.A．the same asB．much asC．as well asD．in accordance with14.The county of Kent is known as the "Garden of England"______it yieldsa bountiful harvest of fruits and vegetables.A．althoughB．becauseC．so thatD．such as15.______ almost every major city in the world.A．Air pollution that now afflictsB．Not only does air pollution now afflictC．Air pollution now afflictsD．Air pollution is now afflicted16.it has been estimated that one hundred thousand men participated in the gold rush of 1898.A.approximatelyB.untilC.moreD.as much as17.It is generally true that the lower the stock market falls,A. higher the price of gold risesB. the price of gold rises highC. the higher the price of gold risesD. rises high the price of gold18. Famous for his punctuation, typography, and language, Edward Estlin Cummings published his collected poems in 1954.A. new innovations forB. innovations newly approached inC. newly approachedD. innovations in19. The average elevation of the Himalayas is twenty thousand feet, and Mount Qomolangma to more than twenty-nine thousand feet at its apexA.risesB.raisesC. arosesD.arises20. Unless protected areas are established, the Bengal tiger, the blue whale, and the California condor face of extinction.A. possibleB. the possibilityC. being possibleD. possiblyII. Close Test (每题2分, 共40分)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and fill in each blank with the best choice.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 4 enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a 5 of work rather than for a single job. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 6 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 7 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 8 . Some drift from job to job. Others 9 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or 10 prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field, 11 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 12 . The prestige that people tend to 13 to a profession or a white-collar job is no good reason for choosing it as life's work.14 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large 15 of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give serious 16 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 17 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual 18 . Some want security; others are willing to take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its 20 .1. ［A］identification ［B］entertainment ［C］accommodation ［D］occupation2. ［A］however ［B］therefore ［C］though ［D］thereby3. ［A］entirely ［B］mainly ［C］partly ［D］his4. ［A］since ［B］therefore ［C］furthermore ［D］forever5. ［A］place ［B］chance ［C］field ［D］opening6. ［A］to ［B］for ［C］without ［D］with7. ［A］little ［B］few ［C］much ［D］a lot8. ［A］chance ［B］basis ［C］purpose ［D］opportunity9. ［A］apply ［B］appeal ［C］stick ［D］turn10. ［A］imagined ［B］substantial ［C］acquired ［D］demanded11. ［A］concerning ［B］following ［C］considering ［D］disregarding12. ［A］preferences ［B］requirements ［C］tendencies ［D］ambitions13. ［A］contribute ［B］attach ［C］attribute ［D］allot14. ［A］Therefore ［B］However ［C］Nevertheless ［D］Moreover15. ［A］proportion ［B］part ［C］quanitity ［D］batch16. ［A］proposal ［B］suggestion ［C］consideration ［D］appraisal17. ［A］towards ［B］against ［C］out of ［D］without18. ［A］knowledge ［B］satisfaction ［C］culture ［D］sensitivity19. ［A］turns ［B］parts ［C］choices ［D］risks20. ［A］awards ［B］requirements ［C］results ［D］needsIII. Reading Comprehension (每题2分, 共40分)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Read them carefully and choose the best answer for each question that follows. Passage 1In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill---the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is usual that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, other are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parent teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is not foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.1: Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills ________. A．should be avoidedB．is universal among parentsC．sets up dangerous states of worry in the childD．will make him lose interest in learning new things2:When children are learning new skills, parents should _________. A．encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they readB．not expect too much of themC．achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their ownD．create as many learning opportunities as possible3:The second paragraph mainly tells us_________.A．parents should be strict with their childrenB．parents controls satisfy only the needs of the parents and the values of the communityC．parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children aloneD．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation4:In moral matters, parents should _________.A．observe the rules themselvesB．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children C．forbid things which have no foundation in moralityD．satisfy their children’s needsPassage 2It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity is taking place. It is taking place primari1y in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instrumentsthat produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the g1oba1 village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting,corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leadersknow that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need.Likewise, I don't hear people in the academy saying, "Let's go backward. Let's go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy (which was never true-we never had a meritocracy, although we've come closer to it in the last 30 years, ) I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media-not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.6. The underlined word "imperative"( in Para.1) most probably refers tosomething .A. superficialB. remarkableC. debatableD. essential7. Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity?A. MinoritiesB. PoliticiansC. ProfessorsD. Managers8. High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to .A. lower the rate of unemploymentB. win equal political rights for minoritiesC. be competitive in the world marketD. satisfy the demands of a growing popu1ation9. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.A. meritocracy can never be realized without diversityB. American political circles will not accept diversityC. it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U. S. mediaD. minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity10. According to the passage diversity can be achieved in American society by .A. expanding the pool of potential employeesB. promoting policies that provide skills to employeesC. training more engineers, scientists，lawyers and business managersD. providing education for all regardless of race or sexPassage 3There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer’s impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one.Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repaid and violin-making.Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase “learning to use a computer” mean? It sounds like “learning to drive a car”, that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer.In fact, “learning to use a computer” is much more like “learning to play a game”, but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to usea computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.11. To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people should ________.A) try to lay a solid foundation in computer scienceB) be aware of how the things that they use do what they doC) learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skillsD) understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car12. In the second paragraph “violin-making” is mentioned to show that ________.A) programming a computer is as interesting as making a violinB) our society needs experts in different fieldsC) violin-making requires as much skill as computer programmingD) people who can use a computer don’t necessarily have to know computer programming13. Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because ________.A) programs are becoming less complicatedB) programs are designed to be convenient to usersC) programming is becoming easier and easierD) programs are becoming readily available to computer users14. According to the author, the phrase “learning to use a computer” (Lines 3-4, Para. 3) means learning ________.A) a set of rulesB) the fundamentals of computer scienceC) specific programsD) general principles of programming（C）15. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is ________.A) to stress the impact of the computer on societyB) to explain the concept of the computer literacyC) to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrowD) to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging jobIV. Translation (总分20分)Directions: Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.Tucked away in our subconsciousness is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out the windows, we drink in the passing scene of cars on nearby highways, of children waving at a crossing, of cattle grazing on a distant hillside, of smoke pouring from a power plant, of row upon row of corn and wheat, of flatlands and valleys, of mountains and rolling hillsides, of city skylines and village halls.But uppermost in our minds is the final destination. On a certain day at a certain hour, we will pull into the station. Bands will be playing and flags waving. Once we get there, so many wonderful dreams will come true and the pieces of our lives will fit together like a completed jigsaw puzzle. How restlessly we pace the aisles, damning the minutes for loitering -waiting, waiting, waiting for the station."When we reach the station, that will be it!" we cry. "When I'm 18." "When I buy a new 450SL Mercedes Benz!""When I put the last kid through college.""When I have paid off the mortgage!" "When I get a promotion." "When I reach the age of retirement, I shall live happily ever after!"Sooner or later, we must realize there is no station, no one place to arrive at once and for all. The true joy of life is the trip. The station is only a dream. It constantly outdistances us.It isn't the burdens of today that drive men mad. It is the regrets over yesterday and the fear of tomorrow. Regret and fear are twin thieves who rob us of today.V. Writing (总分20分)Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the given topic.Proper Ways to Cope with Stress in Modern Life。

云南师范大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试巻报考专业：考试科目及代码： _____ （答案必須写冠题最上」吗在卷面上无效〉痢一部分 教育学原理（共60分）名诃解科分.共2分）1. 社会本也2. 双轨剧 心二、 简答題（^1115分・共30分）1.程要分析人的发展及梵基本转從•2•代耍评述布鲁纳的软学过程恩炬・三、 论述畝（毎範20分，共20分） . 休介泾堂教学矣例.说明華握幷识与发展智力乙觴的关奚.八、' •第二胡分中外教育史（外敎史部分.共30分）一. 名称解释（每题5分，共20分）1、 学园2. 《爱弥儿》” 厶、珞丁文¥7敦育思想的主要待征及其对后世的影 响，9沐麺（共20分，人8卷_套选中教史、_套选外教史题口 丁応噩黑羔程观及其对我国雄础教有课程改革的启示・第三都分教肖心理学 ＜共切分）简爲蛊器爲罕Fuller & Brown 〉提出的敎师成长谕段的I 匸內容. 试论曽尔伯格CLKohlberg ）的道徳发展險弩连；“厶、第四部分中国教育史節分（共30分）一. 名词解禅（毎小題5分.共】0分）1. 有教无类2. 京师同文馆二. 论述题（共20分） 心上池壬站试评述陈鹤琴教肖思想的特点及贡献.«1 K教育硕士 教育综合333云南师范大学2013 年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷第一部分教育学原理一、名词解释1、教育内在价值2、直线课程二、简答题1、信息时代对中小学生的素质要求2、教育的相对独立性是什么？三、论述题结合实际，谈谈理论理论联系实际原则。

第二部分中外教育史一、名词解释1、《教育漫话》2、习明纳3、“六艺” 4、科学教育思潮二、简答题1、夸美纽斯的教学原则2、简要评论杨贤江“全人生指导”的意义三、论述题什么是环境教育，结合实际谈谈环境教育的意义。

第三部分教育心理学一、简答题概念学习是什么，举例说明。

二、论述题华莱士的“创造四阶段”论是什么，有什么意义。

云南师范大学
2017年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷
报考专业: 小学教育
考试科目及代码: 初等教育学811
(答案必须写在答题纸上、写在卷面，上无效)
一、填空题（本大题共5题，每题8分，共40分）
1．小学生学习习惯通常有“后天养成”、“”、“自动化”
和“”等特点。

2．小学生认知发展特征，主要表现在观察力、
、记忆力、和想象力等方面，有着独特的发展水平和方式。

3．生活形态的小学教育，主要表现为、教育内容的
生活化和。

4．站在小学教师的立场看，小学教育目标，主要有
和两种存在形态。

5．依据实施形式的不同，教育评价可分为和。

二、判断题（本大题共5题，每题4分，共20分）
1．生物起源说具体表现为两种看法，即“生存竞争说”和“生物冲动说”
2．学科化的小学教育课程发于15世纪，并一直持续到今天，以赫尔巴特（Herbart，J，F．）的“教材”课程为典型代表。

3．校本教育研究是一种理论性研究。

4. 在我国，通常将教师专业知识分为“本体性知识”、“条件性知识”和“实践性知识”三种类型。

5．广义的教材特指教科书，或称课本。

三、名词解释（本大题共2题，每题10分，共20分）
1．学校文化
2．学习环境
四、简答题（本大题共2题，每小题15分，共30分）
1．简要回答小学生学习习惯的具体特点。

2．小学教师处理教材内容的策略有哪些？
五、论述题（本大题共1题，共40分）
分析论述小学教育内容的文化本性。

2011人文地理学考研真题一、名词解释。

1、人口移动：人口在地理空间上的改变统称为人口移动。

（P77第三章）（同2014年真题名词解释）2、休闲活动：是指人们在休闲时间所进行的各种活动。

（P145第六章）3、区域：是衡量地表基本圈层地理意义的理论尺度。

（P262第十章）4、自然资源：是指存在于自然界中能被人类利用或在一定技术、经济和社会条件下能被利用作为生产、生活原料的物质、能量。

（P207第八章）5、文化扩散：是文化现象的空间移动过程和时间发展过程的特征。

（P131第五章）6、循环经济：本质上是一种生态经济，它要求运用生态学规律而不是机械论规律来指导人类社会的经济活动。

（P260第九章）二、简答题。

1、试述人口活动的原因及后果。

（P82第三章）（1）原因：①地理环境因素。

②社会生产方式的决定性影响。

③国民经济部门（产业）结构变动的影响。

④交通运输业发展的影响。

⑤新地区开发的影响。

⑥社会和政治因素（主要包括人口政策、宗教活动、战争、文化、教育、科技因素）的影响。

⑦自然灾害。

（2）后果：<1>对人口发展的影响：①使地区人口在短期内发生数量上的明显增加或者减少。

②造成移入地和移出地人口的年龄和性别结构的变化。

<2>对社会经济的影响：（仿2015真题简答2题）对迁出地的利弊：利：①第一，大量人口迁出可以减轻迁出地人口压力并解决部分失业问题，同时也相对增加了国内劳动力的就业机会，暂时缓和国内矛盾。

②第二，外出人口的劳动收入汇回迁出地，成为本地收入的一个来源，对平衡货币支付起到一定的调节作用。

弊：①第一，迁出的人口多为青壮年，这必然给迁出地带来人才的流失及抚养费用和教育费用的损失。

②第二，大规模劳动力迁出造成迁出地经济上的依赖性和脆弱性，已成为一个严重问题。

③第三，离开家乡而漂泊的到异地工作的人，由于没有永久居住权而没有政治发言权，其社会地位之低下可想而知，因此移民“寄人篱下”的心理损伤是无法估量的。

2011年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业：学科教学（历史）考试科目及代码：中学历史教学研究823（答案必须写在答题纸上、写在卷面上无效）一、名词解释（每小题6分，共30分）1、信息传递教学模式2、多媒体教学3、线索式板书4、“螺旋式”课程5、“一纲多本”和“多纲多本”二、简答题（每小题25分，共50分）1、简析中学历史教科书在教学中的功能和作用。

2、中学历史教师在课堂教学过程中应掌握哪些常用的教学技艺？三、论述题（每小题35分，共70分）1、试析中学历史学科教育目标制定的依据和基本内涵。

2、如何正确认识中学历史学习评价的基本问题？2012年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业：学科教学（历史）考试科目及代码：中学历史教学研究825（答案必须写在答题纸上、写在卷面上无效）一、名词解释（每小题6分，共30分）1、教学课例2、学习测量的信度3、讲述法4、社会考察教学模式5、布卢姆的学习分类二、简答题（每小题25分，共50分）1、简析历史教学过程的基本结构。

2、简述历史学习评价的主要类型。

三、论述题（每小题35分，共70分）1、试析学生历史学习的心理过程和心理特点。

2、试析新课改历史教科书的呈现方式。

2013年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业：学科教学（历史）考试科目及代码：中学历史教学研究825（答案必须写在答题纸上、写在卷面上无效）一、名词解释（每小题6分，共30分）1、教育叙事2、学习测量的效度3、“角色扮演”的教学活动4、资料研习教学模式.5、加涅的学习分类二、简答题（每小题25分，共50分）1、历史课程的主要设计模式有哪些？2、影响历史教科书编纂的因素有哪些？三、论述题（每小题35分，共70分）1、论历史学习策略。

2、结合自己的经验，谈谈对我国历史学科三维目标的认识。

2014年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业：学科教学（历史）考试科目及代码：中学历史教学研究827（答案必须写在答题纸上、写在卷面上无效）一、名词解释（每小题10分，共30分）1.供答型试题2.历史教学资源3.通史式的历史课程模式二、简答题（每小题25分，共50分）1.历史课堂教学方法选择时应考虑哪些因素？2.简述美国历史学科的能力目标。

育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。

目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师！2011年云南师范大学汉教考研真题及其答案解析考试科目代码：354考试科目名称：汉语国际教育基础请将答案注明题号写在答题纸上，试题纸上作答无效。

一、填空题（每小题1分，共30分）1.（）是语音结构的基本单位，也是自然感到的最小的语音片断。

2.词的转义主要是通过引申和（）两种方法产生的。

3.（）就是用象征性符号或在象形字上加提示符号来表示某个词的造字法。

4.“我什么地方也不想去”中“什么”是疑问代词的（）用法。

5.F的发音方法是（），G的发音部位是（）。

6.现代汉语有口语和（）两种不同形式。

7.现代汉语的虚词和（）是表达语法的主要手段。

8.从同一种语言中分化出来的几种独立语言，彼此有同源关系，我们称它们为（）。

9.（）就是通过不同词之间的对比，根据它们词义的共同特点或关系划分出来的类。

10.有些轻声音节具有区别词性和（）。

11.按照四呼分类，U或以U起头的韵母属于（）12.动词和形容词都可以充当谓语，所以合称为（）。

13.出一个语素构成的词叫做（）。

14.汉字形旁的主要作用是（）。

15.意义相同或相近的词组组成的语义场叫做同义义场，义场中的各个词叫做（）。

16.语境一般可以分为（）和情景语境。

17.表示什么地方存在，出现或消失了什么人或物的句型叫做（）。

18.谓语中心之后出现指人和指事物两种宾语的句子叫（）。

19.为了突出句中的主要思想或强调句中的特殊感情而重读的音叫（）。

20.单纯词主要可以分为联绵词，（），音译外来词。

21.一个音位往往包含一些不同的音，这些音就叫做这个音位的（）。

22.“小心别让那些墙上胡伟给卖了。

云南师范大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业教育学硕士考试科目及代码教育综合333第一部分教育学原理（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）1.个人本位论2.非正式群体二、解答题（每题15分，共30分）1.简要分析教师专业发展。

2.简述我国基本教育公平的主要问题三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）论述信息化时代的学校教育改革第二部分中外教育史（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1.《理想国》2.泛智教育3.癸卯学制4.晏阳初二、解答题（每题10分，共20分）1.简答人文主义教育的主要特征2.简答张之润“中体西用”教育思想的内容三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）论述杜威实用主义的教育思想及其影响第三部分教育心理学（共30分）一、解答题（共10分）简述麦基奇等提出的学习策略分类二、论述题（共20分）结合实际分析影响问题解决的主要因素，并谈谈如何培养学生为题解决的能力云南师范大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业教育学硕士考试科目及代码教育综合333第四部分教育学原理（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）3.形成性评价4.价值澄清模式二、解答题（每题15分，共30分）3.简要分析知识对于人的发展的多方面价值。

4.简要评述活动课程。

三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）论述多元文化与当代教育变革的关系第五部分中外教育史（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1.察举例2.朱子读书法3.昆体良4.《爱弥尔》二、解答题（每题10分，共20分）1.简答唐代学校教育制度的特点。

2.简答陶行知生活教育的思想。

三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）试述终身教育思潮及其意义.第六部分教育心理学（共30分）一、解答题（10分）举例说明什么是下位学习（类属学习）？二、论述题（20分）举例说明常用的精细加工策略。

云南师范大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业教育学硕士考试科目及代码教育综合333第七部分教育学原理（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）5.社会本位6.双轨制二、解答题（每题15分，共30分）5.简要分析人的发展即基本特征6.评述布鲁纳的教育过程思想三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）结合课堂教学案例，说明掌握知识与发展智力之间的关系.第八部分中外教育史（共60分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）5.学园2.《爱弥儿》二、解答题（每题10分，共20分）3.简述文艺复兴时期人文主义教育思想的主要特征及其对后世的影响.三、论述题（每题20分，共20分）试述布鲁纳结构课程观及其对我国基础课程改革的启示.第九部分教育心理学（共30分）一、解答题（10分）简述服了和布朗提出的教师成长阶段的主要内容二、论述题（20分）试述科尔伯格的道德发展阶段理论第十部分中国教育史（共30分）一、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）1.有教无类2.京师同文馆二、论述题（每题20分，共20分）试述陈鹤琴教育思想的特点及贡献云南师范大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试自命题科目试卷报考专业教育学硕士考试科目及代码教育综合333第十一部分教育学原理（共60分）四、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）7.教育内在价值8.直线课程五、解答题（每题15分，共30分）7.信息时代对中小学生的素质要求8.教育的相对独立性是什么？六、论述题（每题20分，共20分）结合实际，谈谈理论理论联系实际原则。