人工神经网络及应用智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下长安大学长安大学第一章测试1.Synapse is the place where neurons connect in function. It is composed ofpresynaptic membrane, synaptic space and postsynaptic membrane.（）A:对 B:错答案:对2.Biological neurons can be divided into sensory neurons, motor neurons and（）according to their functions.A:multipolar neurons B:interneuronsC:Pseudo unipolar neural networks D:bipolar neurons答案:interneurons3.Neurons and glial cells are the two major parts of the nervous system. （）A:错 B:对答案:对4.Neurons are highly polarized cells, which are mainly composed of two parts:the cell body and the synapse. （）A:错 B:对答案:对5.The human brain is an important part of the nervous system, which containsmore than 86 billion neurons. It is the central information processingorganization of human beings. （）A:对 B:错答案:对第二章测试1.In 1989, Mead, the father of VLSI, published his monograph "( )", in which agenetic neural network model based on evolutionary system theory wasproposed.A:Learning MachinesB:Journal Neural NetworksC:Analog VLSI and Neural SystemsD:Perceptrons: An Introduction to Computational Geometry答案:Analog VLSI and Neural Systems2.In 1989, Yann Lecun proposed convolutional neural network and applied itto image processing, which should be the earliest application field of deeplearning algorithm. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.In 1954, Eccles, a neurophysiologist at the University of Melbourne,summarized the principle of Dale, a British physiologist, that "each neuronsecretes only one kind of transmitter ".（）A:错 B:对答案:对4.In 1972, Professor Kohonen of Finland proposed a self-organizing featuremap (SOFM) neural network model. （）A:对 B:错答案:对5.Prediction and evaluation is an activity of scientific calculation andevaluation of some characteristics and development status of things orevents in the future according to the known information of objective objects.（）A:对 B:错答案:对第三章测试1.The function of transfer function in neurons is to get a new mapping outputof summer according to the specified function relationship, and thencompletes the training of artificial neural network. （）A:对 B:错答案:对2.The determinant changes sign when two rows (or two columns) areexchanged. The value of determinant is zero when two rows (or two columns) are same. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.There are two kinds of phenomena in the objective world. The first is thephenomenon that will happen under certain conditions, which is calledinevitable phenomenon. The second kind is the phenomenon that may ormay not happen under certain conditions, which is called randomphenomenon. （）A:错 B:对答案:对4.Logarithmic S-type transfer function, namely Sigmoid function, is also calledS-shaped growth curve in biology. （）A:错 B:对答案:对5.Rectified linear unit (ReLU), similar to the slope function in mathematics, isthe most commonly used transfer function of artificial neural network. （）A:错 B:对答案:对第四章测试1.The perceptron learning algorithm is driven by misclassification, so thestochastic gradient descent method is used to optimize the loss function. （）A:misclassification B:maximum C:minimumD:correct答案:misclassification2.Perceptron is a single-layer neural network, or neuron, which is the smallestunit of neural network. （）A:错 B:对答案:对3.When the perceptron is learning, each sample will be input into the neuronas a stimulus. The input signal is the feature of each sample, and the expected output is the category of the sample. When the output is different from the category, we can adjust the synaptic weight and bias value until the output of each sample is the same as the category. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.If the symmetric hard limit function is selected for the transfer function, theoutput can be expressed as . If the inner product of the row vector and the input vector in the weight matrix is greater than or equal to -b, the output is 1, otherwise the output is -1. （）A:错 B:对答案:对5.The basic idea of perceptron learning algorithm is to input samples into thenetwork step by step, and adjust the weight matrix of the network according to the difference between the output result and the ideal output, that is tosolve the optimization problem of loss function L(w,b). （）A:错 B:对答案:对第五章测试1.The output of BP neural network is （）of neural network.A:the output of the last layer B:the input of the last layerC:the output of the second layer D:the input of the second layer答案:the output of the last layer2.BP neural network has become one of the most representative algorithms inthe field of artificial intelligence. It has been widely used in signal processing, pattern recognition, machine control (expert system, data compression) and other fields. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.In 1974, Paul Werbos of the natural science foundation of the United Statesfirst proposed the use of error back propagation algorithm to train artificialneural networks in his doctoral dissertation of Harvard University, anddeeply analyzed the possibility of applying it to neural networks, effectivelysolving the XOR loop problem that single sensor cannot handle. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.In the standard BP neural network algorithm and momentum BP algorithm,the learning rate is a constant that remains constant throughout the training process, and the performance of the learning algorithm is very sensitive tothe selection of the learning rate. （）答案:对5.L-M algorithm is mainly proposed for super large scale neural network, andit is very effective in practical application. （）A:对 B:错答案:错第六章测试1.RBF neural network is a novel and effective feedforward neural network,which has the best local approximation and global optimal performance. （）A:对 B:错答案:对2.At present, RBF neural network has been successfully applied in nonlinearfunction approximation, time series analysis, data classification, patternrecognition, information processing, image processing, system modeling,control and fault diagnosis. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.The basic idea of RBF neural network is to use radial basis function as the"basis" of hidden layer hidden unit to form hidden layer space, and hiddenlayer transforms input vector. The input data transformation of lowdimensional space is mapped into high-dimensional space, so that theproblem of linear separability in low-dimensional space can be realized inhigh-dimensional space. （）答案:对4.For the learning algorithm of RBF neural network, the key problem is todetermine the center parameters of the output layer node reasonably. （）A:对 B:错答案:错5.The method of selecting the center of RBF neural network by self-organizinglearning is to select the center of RBF neural network by k-means clustering method, which belongs to supervised learning method. （）A:错 B:对答案:错第七章测试1.In terms of algorithm, ADALINE neural network adopts W-H learning rule,also known as the least mean square (LMS) algorithm. It is developed fromthe perceptron algorithm, and its convergence speed and accuracy have been greatly improved. （）A:错 B:对答案:对2.ADALINE neural network has simple structure and multi-layer structure. It isflexible in practical application and widely used in signal processing, system identification, pattern recognition and intelligent control. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.When there are multiple ADALINE in the network, the adaptive linear neuralnetwork is also called Madaline which means many Adaline neural networks.（）A:对 B:错答案:对4.The algorithm used in single-layer ADALINE network is LMS algorithm,which is similar to the algorithm of perceptron, and also belongs tosupervised learning algorithm. （）A:对 B:错答案:对5.In practical application, the inverse of the correlation matrix and thecorrelation coefficient are not easy to obtain, so the approximate steepestdescent method is needed in the algorithm design. The core idea is that theactual mean square error of the network is replaced by the mean squareerror of the k-th iteration.（）A:错 B:对答案:对第八章测试1.Hopfield neural network is a kind of neural network which combines storagesystem and binary system. It not only provides a model to simulate humanmemory, but also guarantees the convergence to （）.A:local minimum B:local maximumC:minimumD:maximum答案:local minimum2.At present, researchers have successfully applied Hopfield neural network tosolve the traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is the most representative of optimization combinatorial problems. （）A:错 B:对答案:对3.In 1982, American scientist John Joseph Hopfield put forward a kind offeedback neural network "Hopfield neural network" in his paper NeuralNetworks and Physical Systems with Emergent Collective ComputationalAbilities. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.Under the excitation of input x, DHNN enters a dynamic change process, untilthe state of each neuron is no longer changed, it reaches a stable state. This process is equivalent to the process of network learning and memory, and the final output of the network is the value of each neuron in the stable state.（）A:错 B:对答案:对5.The order in which neurons adjust their states is not unique. It can beconsidered that a certain order can be specified or selected randomly. The process of neuron state adjustment includes three situations: from 0 to 1, and1 to 0 and unchanged. （）A:错 B:对答案:对第九章测试pared with GPU, CPU has higher processing speed, and has significantadvantages in processing repetitive tasks. （）A:对 B:错答案:错2.At present, DCNN has become one of the core algorithms in the field of imagerecognition, but it is unstable when there is a small amount of learning data.（）A:对 B:错答案:错3.In the field of target detection and classification, the task of the last layer ofneural network is to classify. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.In AlexNet, there are 650000 neurons with more than 600000 parametersdistributed in five convolution layers and three fully connected layers andSoftmax layers with 1000 categories. （）A:对 B:错答案:错5.VGGNet is composed of two parts: the convolution layer and the fullconnection layer, which can be regarded as the deepened version of AlexNet.（）A:错 B:对答案:对第十章测试1.The essence of the optimization process of D and G is to find the（）.A:maximum B:minimax C:local maximaD:minimum答案:minimax2.In the artificial neural network, the quality of modeling will directly affect theperformance of the generative model, but a small amount of prior knowledge is needed for the actual case modeling.（）A:对 B:错答案:错3. A GAN mainly includes a generator G and a discriminator D. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.Because the generative adversarial network does not need to distinguish thelower bound and approximate inference, it avoids the partition functioncalculation problem caused by the traditional repeated application of Markov chain learning mechanism, and improves the network efficiency. （）A:对 B:错答案:对5.From the perspective of artificial intelligence, GAN uses neural network toguide neural network, and the idea is very strange. （）A:对 B:错答案:对第十一章测试1.The characteristic of Elman neural network is that the output of the hiddenlayer is delayed and stored by the feedback layer, and the feedback isconnected to the input of the hidden layer, which has the function ofinformation storage. （）A:对 B:错答案:对2.In Elman network, the transfer function of feedback layer is nonlinearfunction, and the transfer function of output layer islinear function.（）A:对 B:错答案:对3.The feedback layer is used to memorize the output value of the previous timeof the hidden layer unit and return it to the input. Therefore, Elman neuralnetwork has dynamic memory function.（）A:对 B:错答案:对4.The neurons in the hidden layer of Elman network adopt the tangent S-typetransfer function, while the output layer adopts the linear transfer function. If there are enough neurons in the feedback layer, the combination of thesetransfer functions can make Elman neural network approach any functionwith arbitrary precision in finite time.（）A:对 B:错答案:对5.Elman neural network is a kind of dynamic recurrent network, which can bedivided into full feedback and partial feedback. In the partial recurrentnetwork, the feedforward connection weight can be modified, and thefeedback connection is composed of a group of feedback units, and theconnection weight cannot be modified. （）A:错 B:对答案:对第十二章测试1.The loss function of AdaBoost algorithm is（）.A:exponential functionB:nonlinear function C:linear functionD:logarithmic function答案:exponential function2.Boosting algorithm is the general name of a class of algorithms. Theircommon ground is to construct a strong classifier by using a group of weakclassifiers. Weak classifier mainly refers to the classifier whose predictionaccuracy is not high and far below the ideal classification effect. Strongclassifier mainly refers to the classifier with high prediction accuracy. （）A:错 B:对答案:对3.Among the many improved boosting algorithms, the most successful one isthe AdaBoost (adaptive boosting) algorithm proposed by Yoav Freund ofUniversity of California San Diego and Robert Schapire of PrincetonUniversity in 1996. （）A:错 B:对答案:对4.The most basic property of AdaBoost is that it reduces the training errorcontinuously in the learning process, that is, the classification error rate onthe training data set until each weak classifier is combined into the final ideal classifier. （）A:错 B:对答案:对5.The main purpose of adding regularization term into the formula ofcalculating strong classifier is to prevent the over fitting of AdaBoostalgorithm, which is usually called step size in algorithm. （）A:错 B:对答案:对第十三章测试1.The core layer of SOFM neural network is（）.A:input layer B:hidden layerC:output layer D:competition layer答案:competition layer2.In order to divide the input patterns into several classes, the distancebetween input pattern vectors should be measured according to thesimilarity. （）are usually used.A:Euclidean distance method B:Cosine methodC:Sine method D:Euclidean distance method and cosine method答案:Euclidean distance method and cosine method3.SOFM neural networks are different from other artificial neural networks inthat they adopt competitive learning rather than backward propagationerror correction learning method similar to gradient descent, and in a sense, they use neighborhood functions to preserve topological properties of input space. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.For SOFM neural network, the competitive transfer function (CTF) responseis 0 for the winning neurons, and 1 for other neurons.（）A:错 B:对答案:错5.When the input pattern to the network does not belong to any pattern in thenetwork training samples, SOFM neural network can only classify it into the closest mode. （）A:对 B:错答案:对第十四章测试1.The neural network toolbox contains（）module libraries.A:three B:sixC:five D:four答案:five2.The "netprod" in the network input module can be used for（）.A:dot multiplication B:dot divisionC:addition or subtractionD:dot multiplication or dot division答案:dot multiplication or dot division3.The "dotrod" in the weight setting module is a normal dot product weightfunction.（）A:错 B:对答案:错4.The mathematical model of single neuron is y=f(wx+b).（）A:错 B:对答案:对5.The neuron model can be divided into three parts: input module, transferfunction and output module. （）A:对 B:错答案:对第十五章测试1.In large-scale system software design, we need to consider the logicalstructure and physical structure of software architecture. （）A:对 B:错答案:对2.The menu property bar has "label" and "tag". The label is equivalent to thetag value of the menu item, and the tag is the name of the menu display.（）A:对 B:错答案:错3.It is necessary to determine the structure and parameters of the neuralnetwork, including the number of hidden layers, the number of neurons inthe hidden layer and the training function.（）A:对 B:错答案:对4.The description of the property "tooltipstring" is the prompt that appearswhen the mouse is over the object. （）A:对 B:错答案:对5.The description of the property "string" is: the text displayed on the object.（）A:错 B:对答案:对第十六章测试1.The description of the parameter "validator" of the wx.TextCtrl class is: the（）.A:size of controlB:style of control C:validator of controlD:position of control答案:validator of control2.The description of the parameter "defaultDir" of class wx.FileDialog is: （）.A:open the file B:default file nameC:default path D:save the file答案:default path3.In the design of artificial neural network software based on wxPython,creating GUI means building a framework in which various controls can beadded to complete the design of software functions. （）A:对 B:错答案:对4.When the window event occurs, the main event loop will respond and assignthe appropriate event handler to the window event. （）A:对 B:错答案:对5.From the user's point of view, the wxPython program is idle for a large partof the time, but when the user or the internal action of the system causes the event, and then the event will drive the wxPython program to produce the corresponding action.（）A:对 B:错答案:对。
