高中英语 牛津上海版 高一话题阅读：文学与艺术专项阅读训练(有答案)

高考英语作文话题-文学与艺术-范文+详解（全）[话题解读]“文学与艺术”是高中新课标24话题之一。

该话题主要包括各种文学类型、艺术形式、文化名人以及艺术家等方面。

“文学与艺术”这个话题与我们的实际生活密切相关，对于学生了解国内外的文学与艺术形式，还有它们的特点、历史、发展与创新等都有帮助。

该话题能够引导学生接受和尊重不同国家和民族的文学及艺术，并亲身感受文学与艺术的魅力。

[高考探究] “文学与艺术”话题是近几年的高考英语必考话题之一，而且常以阅读理解、完形填空、七选五以及书面表达的形式来考查，例如2016年全国卷Ⅱ七选五、书面表达；2015年全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解C篇；2015年重庆卷阅读理解E篇；2014年新课标全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解D篇；2012年天津卷书面表达；2011年山东卷完形填空等。

假如你叫李华，你的加拿大笔友Jean来信，表示想学习中国画，但是对中国画不太了解，请你根据下面内容，给Jean回信，简单介绍中国画的有关知识。

1．中国传统绘画是我国文化遗产的重要组成部分，历史悠久，深受人们的喜爱。

2．传统国画的作画工具有：毛笔、墨、宣纸(Xuan paper)、颜料(pigment)。

3．中国传统绘画的重要特征是诗、书(calligraphy)、画、印(seal)的完美结合。

4．中国历史上有许多传统的国画家，如齐白石，擅长画虾；徐悲鸿，对画马颇有研究。

佳作欣赏Dear Jean，I am very glad to learn from your letter that you like Chinese painting. The traditional Chinese painting，an important part of our country’s cultural heritage，has a long history.It is very popular among people at home and abroad.What we need for painting are writing brushes，Chinese ink，Xuan paper and pigments.Besides，an important feature of Chinese painting is that a painter should combine pictures，poems，calligraphy and seals perfectly.In fact，many painters are at the same time a calligrapher and a poet as well.In Chinese history，there are many famous traditional painters，including Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong.Qi Baishi was proficient in painting little shrimps while Xu Beihong was famous for his lively horses.Yours，Li Hua名师点睛本文熟练地运用了各类复合句，如宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句等。

上海高中英语阅读理解及答案上海高中英语阅读理解及答案勤学苦练，是最踏实的'英语学习方法。

下面是店铺整理的上海英语高考真题阅读理解题及答案，希望能帮到大家!2015上海英语高考真题阅读理解(A)Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about o ne of humanity’s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place during six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.A. snowmen were made mainly by artistsB. snowmen enjoyed great popularityC. snowmen were politically criticizedD. snowmen caused damaging floods68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a longer summerC. the passing of the winterD. the success of tradesmen69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size参考答案：66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an abso lutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. Andboth Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. Th e writer’s opinion of actingC. The writer’s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraphB) refers to ______.A. a gun-crazy hunterB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a giant vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It’s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.参考答案：70. D 71. C 72. A【上海高中英语阅读理解及答案】。

话题阅读（二）literature and art(A)A debate is spreading in Britain, from the far southern England to the northeast Scotland. The hunt is on to find a motto that sums up the nation in five words.However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are not, in fact, one nation. Britain is a union, and finding a national motto that combines that union is an almost impossible task.What bright person dreamed up this hunt for a motto? British Prime Minister Gordon Brown started the debate: he suggested is as part of a public discussion to determine "the ideals and principles that combine us together as a nation".Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to submit their own opinions.Some of the best included "No motto please, we're British" and "Mathematically, we could still qualify", a reference to the England football team's recent surprising performances in the European championship qualifiers.The first of these won a Times Online poll. You may wonder what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to make a fuss. They would rather not go to the trouble of having a motto.However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with an established historical and cultural heritage: "We don't need a motto to sum us up and we know who we are, and we have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."The second shows British people' s ability to make fun of themselves. The England team's failure to qualify angered a lot of people, but that doesn't mean they can't make a joke about it.The press treated the motto ideas so unkindly that it was abandoned. Yet the debate it set off. While mainly lighthearted, also has a serious side. Britain is worried it is losing its cultural identity.A large number of people arrived in Britain after World War II • The immigrants have a different sense of identity.The question is: how can we redefine Britain to include these people, and make them feel included? This will have to involve serious changing the way communities work and the government operates. People will really have to feel like they can make a difference. Muttering a motto every now and again is not going to make that happen.W ord Bankmotto n. 格言make a fuss 烦恼poll n. 投票mutter v. 念叨A. how the UK hunts for a national mottoB. how the British people react to finding the national mottoC. how media promote the finding of the national mottoD. how a debate about finding a national motto failed10. By saying "No motto please, we're British", the website readers mean that .A. there should be some ideals and principles to tie them togetherB. they would rather not go to the trouble of having a mottoC. the England football team didn't give a surprising performance without the mottoD. the British motto is losing its cultural identity11. We can infer that the people who said "Mathematically, we could still qualify" are .A. seriousB. bitterC. pleasedD. humorous12. The writer seems to think that .A. the motto will help the immigrants to develop their sense of belongingB. the way communities work will make a difference to the mottoC. muttering a motto can't guarantee that people feel includedD. a motto can sum the UK up and help people know who they areBBDC(B)Palmistry, or the art of reading the lines on a person's hand, is thousands of years old. It probably began in ancient India.Most people expect a palmist to tell them about their future. They ask questions like:Shall I be rich and successful? Shall I be famous? Shall I have a long and happy life? They do not ask: Am I a nice person? Am I brave or shy? Am I clever? Am I careful and reliable at work?But this is really what palmistry is about.Of course, there are people who do not believe in palmistry. They call it pseudoscience. But there are other people who believe that palmistry can tell us a lot about a person's talents and personality. Using the lines and other marks on the hand, a palmist is often able to foretell something of a person's future, but only in very general terms. The first thing a professional palmist does is to study the whole hand, its size, shape and texture (Is it smooth or rough?) Next he looks at the fingers, their length and shape and their condition of the fingernails. Finally he will study the lines of the hand. It is these lines that most people want to look at and try to "read".'Clear, strong linesHand lines which are clear and strong indicate a person who is calm, good-tempered and generally contented with life. This sort of person will not get angry quickly and will be cautious about getting involved in anything out of the ordinary. At work, such a person will be careful and reliable.Small lineA lot of small lines on the hand indicate a person who is sensitive and excitable. These people are nervous, get angry quickly and get excited easily. They are often very talented, but sometimes find it difficult to settle in one job. They frequently have a number of different hobbies.The heart lineIf your heart line is strong, you are a warm and affectionate person. If it is weak, then you are probably rather cool. If you have a lot of small lines coming off the heart line, you will have plenty of romance in your life.The head lineIf your head line is strong and clear, you are intelligent and imaginative. You will probably get a good job. However, this does not necessarily mean you will be rich and successful, as other factors are involved, for example, the number of small lines and the line of fate.The life lineIf you have a long life line, you will live a long time. A shorter life line indicates a shorter life.The line of fateStudy this carefully. If it is strong and reaches as far as the middle finger, you will be successful.Word Bankpalmistry n. 手相术pseudoscience n. 迷信13. Palmistry is a kind of .A. treatmentB. fortune-tellingC. medical examinationD. high technology14. Those who believe in palmistry think that palmistry can .A. make you richB. tell whether you will have a long or short lifeC. teach you how to get a high postD. tell you how to avoid accidents15. According to the passage, .A. hand lines which are clear and strong means you are a clever personB. the strong heart line means you are cold-heartedC. a warm person has strong head lineD. a reliable person has clear strong hand lines16. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. A romantic person may have a lot of small lines coming our of heart line.B. Not everyone believes in palmistry.C. Not everyone has the line of fate.D. A successful person may have a long line of fate.BBDC(C)1.As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history, and your dreams for the future and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of America's history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century.2.I believe both Chinese and Americans aspire to many of the same things—to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our communities, to protect our Earth, to shape our own futures, and pass brighter possibilities on to our children.3.There may be those here and back in America who wonder whether closer ties and deeper friendship between America and China are good. Clearly, the answer is yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn much from each other. And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next week can lead to far greater strides for our people in the years ahead.4.Here in this city of your magnificent history, we must always remember that we, too, will be ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgment that we did that. Let our progress include all people, with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny.5.Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal. Word BankWord Bankbilateral a. 双边的strive v. 努力CBADF(D)I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15—20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.W ord Bankfleeting adj. 稍纵即逝的criticize v. 批评1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel"(Para. 1) in the writing process, he means .A.no one can be both creative and criticalB.they cannot be regarded as equally importantC.they are in constant conflict with each otherD.one cannot use them at the same timeA.putting their ideas in raw formB.attempting to edit as they writeC.ignoring grammatical soundnessD.trying to capture fleeting thoughts3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A.To organize one's thoughts logically.B.To choose an appropriate topic.C.To get one's ideas down.D.To collect raw materials.A.it overstresses the role of the creative mindB.it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC.it may bring about too much criticismD.it does not help them to think clearlyDBCB(E)I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to seeing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over". "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why,except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what London was like.What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming home about five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire, so when it got dark my father took me to theend of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, theyset light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting,and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep thefire going. I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. Hesaid nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the endWord Bankbonfire n. 篝火apparently adv. 显而易见的1. Where did the narrator live before the Second World War?A. In a small town.B. In London.C. In Europe.D. In the countryside.2. The unmistakable figure with the moustache most probably represents__________________ .A.someone who died in the warB.someone who had wonC.an imaginary figureD.the most hated person in thewar—Hitler3. The narrator's father ______________.A.had fought in the Second World WarB.may have suffered much during the previous warC.helped build a bonfire on VE DayD.added something to the fire to keep it going too4. By saying " Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one", the father meant thatA.he hoped there would be no more wars in the worldB.he wished the Second World War had not happenedC.he hoped people would not build any more bonfiresD.he wished people would learn many lessons from the war BDBA。

话题：文娱与体育Passage 1The Winter Olympics is also called the White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games. The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25, 1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule.During the 4th Winter Olympic Games a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936. The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of the sportswear. It was the first time that the rings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics.In the 1950’s, the stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the White Olympics came, the host countries(东道国) as well as the non-host countries published stamps to mark those Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sports men began to take part in the White Olympics.Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics. Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meet.Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.1. The White Olympics and the Winter Olympics _______.A. are the same thingB. are different gamesC. are not held in winterD. are held in summer2. The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world games _______.A. after the year 1936B. after the 3rd White OlympicsC. before the 3rd White OlympicsD. before the year 19323. The Winter Olympics is held once _______.A. every two yearsB. every three yearsC. every four yearsD. every five years4. Which of the following is true?A. Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.B. Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.C. All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.D. Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games5. What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics?A. Basketball.B. Table tennis.C. Football.D. Skating.【答案与解析】本文告诉我们，自1932年后，每届冬季奥林匹克运动会举行时，东道国与非东道国都可以为此发行纪念邮票。

文学、艺术、音乐）李仕才导读：一位美国早期的作家曾经说过：吗？美国人究竟有哪些音乐爱好呢？美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

”你认可这种观点American Music StylesJames Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans--even those without a musical bone in their bodies--have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. Butother popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and life ′s hardships. Guitars, banjos and violins give country music its characteristic sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee--Music City U.S.A.Jazz music, developed by African-Americans in the late 1800s, allows performers to freely express their emotions and musical skill. ①Instead of just playing the melody, jazz musicians improvise different tunes. The peak of jazz music came in the 1920s. This period produced musicians like Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman and Duke Ellington. Different styles of jazz developed in different cities, ②such as New Orleans, Chicago, New Yorkand Kansas City.③The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock ′n ′roll. This powerful music style addresses issues like love, sex, drugs, politics and death. Often it rebels against the accepted values of society. Rock concerts, featuring loud music and sometimes weird stage acts, have become a major part of American youth culture. Music videos on television have spread the message of rock to the far corners of the globe.And the beat goes on. Pop music represents popular styles that have wide appeal."Golden oldies" from the past bring back pleasant memories for many. Rap music, which burst onto themusic scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant . Rappersgive a strong--sometimes vulgar --message about life in the streets.Americans have always been a religious people, and music has long been a part of their religious experience, as well. Today ′s Christian styles fit all musical tastes--from country to jazz to pop to rock to rap.In America, music is a shared experience. People grow up with piano lessons, chorus classes and marching band practices. They can talk about their tastes in music when there isn ′t anything else to talk about. ④If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, hewould surely have to change his tune.美国的音乐风格詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏，一位美国早期的作家，曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

丛台区永安学校中考备考阅读话题练习：文学与艺术一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）AOnce Effendi had a joke with the Prime Minister(宰相), He said that the Minister would die the next day. The next day, the Minister fell to the ground from the horse and really died, when the king learned this, he got angry and sent his men to catch Effendi at once.When Effendi was brought to him, the king shouted angrily, "Effendi, since(既然) you knew when my Minister would die, you must know the date of your own death(死), say it out, or you'll die today."Effendi looked at the king for a while, Then he answered, "But how can I know? I'll die two days earlier than you." The king was afraid that if he killed Effendi, he himself would die after that. He thought he must keep Effendi alive(活着) as long as possible, so he let Effendi go.1. This story tells us .A. how Effendi fool(愚弄) the kingB. when the king would dieC. why the Minister diedD. Effendi knew the dates of everyone's death2. The prime Minister died because .A. Effendi killed himB. Effendi said he would dieC. he was badly illD. he fell of the horse3. Why did the king ask Effendi to tell him the date of Effendi's own death?A. Because the king wanted to know when he himself would die.B. Because the wanted to find an excuse to kill Effendi.C. Because he himself had known the date of Effendi's death.D. Because he wanted to know when Effendi would die.4. The king let Effendi go because .A. he hoped to live a long lifeB. he was afraid of EffendiC. he didn't believe(相信) Effendi's wordsD. he knew he would die two days later5. Which of the following is not true?A. Effendi played a joke on the Minister.B. The king was afraid of death.C. Effendi didn't know when the king would die.D. If the king killed Effendi, he himself would die two days later.BLike most teenagers in the world, Joso Montanaro, a teen artist in Brazil, likes reading and drawing cartoons. But he is special—his drawings get published(出版).Montanaro is now drawing cartoons for Folha. Folha is Brazil's largest newspaper and is known for its cartoons. Montanaro has already been working at Folha for two years. Each week he draws two, three or four cartoons and sends them to the paper. From those editors choose one for the next day's page.Montanaro draws about the news of the day. Recently he worked on The Wave—a drawing of the tsunami(海啸) that hit Japan. Montanaro also likes to draw cartoons about the funny things that happen in Brazilian politics(政治)."I like doing political drawings because you can joke about somebody bigger than you." Montanaro says.Folha's art director, Mario Kanno, says editors saw something new and different in Montanaro's work. "We brought him in with this idea to show that, yes, young people also read newspapers and can show their ideas on politics," Kanno says.Montanaro's love for cartoons began when be was only 7 or 8 years old. His dad bought him comics. Montanaro says these books gave him the ideas that got him drawing. "I think those great works have really helped me," he says. "They remind me that I should draw something in my book every day."6. What is Montanaro doing for Folha now?A. He is publishing story books.B. He is drawing cartoons.C. He is sending newspapers.D. He is writing articles.7. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Folha is famous for its cartoons.B. Folha is the largest newspaper in Brazil.C. Montanaro draws one cartoon for Folha every week.D. Montanaro began to work for Folha two years ago.8. Why does Montanaro like drawing political cartoons?A. Because he can show his ideas on politics.B. Because he is very interested in political jobs.C. Because he thinks it's easier to draw political cartoons.D. Because he can make fun of some important people.9. What made Montanaro draw and helped him a lot in his drawings?A. The comics his dad bought him.B. His interest in cartoon films.C. The fun of drawing cartoons.D. His dad's ideas about cartoons.10. What's the best title for this passage?A. Folha's Art DirectorB. Brazil's Largest NewspaperC. Teen Artist in BrazilD. Montanaro's Great FatherCWhat do you see when you look at abstract(抽象) art? Does it make sense to you? Does it look like anything? Is it supposed to?Abstract art became popular in the early 20th century. Artists did not want to paint, draw, or sculpt things exactly(确切地) like they looked. They didn't want their art to be realistic. They were more interested in basic shapes and colours.Picasso is probably the most famous of these artists. He painted and drew in many, many styles. Sometimes he used a lot of blue colours (his "blue period"). Later, he used more red and pink colours (his "rose period"). Many of his other paintings are called "cubist(立体画派)" because they are made of painted squares.After a long time, Picasso's paintings became more and more abstract. He painted people and things using strange shapes. His work was so original; many of his fellow artists didn't understand it. Kandinsky, another famous artist, used lines, shapes, and patterns to paint his subjects. His paintings also used strong colours to express feelings.Other artists like the surrealists(超现实主义者), were interested in subconscious(潜意识). Painters like Breton and Magritte used many symbol in their work. The meaning or subject of their work wasn't always clear. Dali, another surrealist artist, painted pictures that look like dreams.There are still many abstract artists around the world. That's the way many artists prefer. They want each person to look at art and find their own meaning in it.11. Which would be most like abstract art?A. A painting of a house.B. A sculpture of a car.C. A drawing of two people in a coffee house.D. A red and blue painting, with no clear subject.12. What happened to Picasso's work after a long time?A. It became more abstract.B. It became less original.C. He went from using red colours to using blue colours.D. He only painted with coloured squares.13. How did Kandinsky express feelings?A. By using colours and shapes.B. By painting realistic people.C. By painting with a lot of symbols.D. By painting in red and pink colours.14. Who is probably the most famous abstract artist?A. Breton.B. Dali.C. Picasso.D. Magritte.15. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Picasso painted in many different styles.B. Dali was interested in dreams.C. Abstract artists feel each work of art only has one meaning.D. Magritte's art was full of symbols.DWhat's this? If you're looking at this tree in the shape of a butterfly, it's a topiary.A topiary is a tree or bush that is trained into a shape.A topiary gardener should make a drawing first. The drawing shows the "final shape that the gardener likes. The gardener then chooses a bush for the topiary. It may be one that just planted or one that is already in place.In June of the plant's first year, the gardener looks for new leaves. When the leaves grow, it's time to shape the bottom of the bush. It needs about five years. The top is not trimmed during this time. In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping. Then the gardener begins to shape the whole bush.Once a topiary has been started, it needs care all year. In summer it must be cut many times to keep its shape. This cutting also helps the bush grow. In winter the bushes don't grow. The gardeners have to brush snow off the plants, or snow may hurt some parts of them.Topiary gardening is a very old art. The Romans did it in the first century. In the sixteenth century, people in Europe liked topiaries too. By the late 1600s, topiaries were also grown in America. Today it's popular in many parts of the world.16. Put the following in the right order according to the passage.a. The gardener chooses a bush for the topiary.b. The whole bush grows tall enough for shaping.c. The gardener begins to shape the bottom of the bush.d. The gardener draws the shape of a topiary.A. d-a-b-c.B. b-c-a-d.C. a-d-c-b.D. d-a-c-b.17. What does the underlined word "trimmed" in the third paragraph mean?A. shakenB. cutC. cleanedD. collected18. Why must we cut a topiary many times in the summer?A. Because the bush can be in good shape.B. Because it will make the bush grow slowly.C. Because it can change the bush into another one.D. Because it helps the bush grow tall enough.19. Growing a topiary garden take both skills and .A. moodB. luckC. moneyD. time20. The last paragraph mainly tells us that .A. topiary gardening has a long historyB. topiary gardening is too difficult an art to learnC. topiary gardening plays a great role in our lifeD. topiary gardening will be more popular in the future二、阅读与表达(表格式)（共5小题；共5分）I have many storybooks, but my favourite is The Wonderful Adventures of Nils. I have had it for five years. My parents gave it to me as a birthday gift. I have read it many times since then. It's really interesting.Nils is a 14-year-old farm boy and he is very lazy and naughty. In his free time, he likes hurting the animals on his family farm. When his parents leave him home alone, an elf(小精灵) punishes him by turning him into a midget(小矮人). Nils must improve in order to change back to his normal size. My favourite scene in the book is when Nils and a white goose(鹅) on his family farm join a group of wild geese(大雁). The wild geese are not pleased at all to be joined by a boy and a farm goose. The farm goose has to prove he can fly like the wild geese and Nils has to prove that he is useful. During the trip, Nils learns that the elf might be glad to change him back if he proves he has changed for the better.The themes of the book have to do with children growing up and peace among all living things. Although the story is very simple, the writer made it a wonderful book to read with amazing skills. Come on—read it, I know you'll enjoy it, too.根据短文内容，完成表格。

话题：金融与贸易Passage 1The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbour and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steelworker or a taxi driver or a doctor or a grocer(杂货商), he is producing goods or service for the market.When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. Yon may spend money in stores, supermarkets and gas stations. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labour market.The market may seem to be something abstract(抽象的). But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it is real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It’s telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Selling and BuyingB. What Is the Market?C. Everything Yon Do is Producing for the MarketD. What Can the Market Do for You?2. All of the following acts are producing for the market EXCEPT_______.A. working in a bankB. printing a bookC. attending a night schoolD. growing beans for sale3. You are buying from the market when you_______.A. borrow a book from a libraryB. look after your childrenC. drive to the seaside for a holidayD. treat a friend to dinner at a restaurant4. In what way is the market very real for each person or businessman who is making andselling something?A. It tells you what to produce.B. It directs you how to grow tomatoes.C. It provides you with everything you need.D. It helps you save money.【答案解析】本文例析了市场理念—买和卖不是抽象而是具体的。

话题阅读（一）Literature and Art（A）Leonardo's notebooks are the main reason why we know so much about him. He drew and wrote constantly, covering thousands of pages with his many ideas in different fields, 1 from art to philosophy and science. Leonardo 2 down things that interested him, such as riddles(谜语), sayings and 3 he had heard or read, and ideas for different inventions and projects. He also wrote this remark in one of his notebooks: With slight strokes(笔画), take a note in a little book which you should always carry with you. Much has been said about Leonardo writing his words 4 , from right to left, so that they only appear correctly if read in a mirror. People often say this is because Leonardo did not want anyone to read his work, but this is an unlikely explanation as anyone with a 5 could do so. A more practical way of 6 ideas secret would have been to write in a special code. And this is exactly what Leonardo did. In some of his notebooks, he wrote in a shorthand(速记法) which he 7 himself. A more probable reason for Leonardo's "mirror-writing" has to do with his left-handedness. If you write in ink with your 8 hand, from left to right, it is easy for your hand to smear(沾染) what you have just 9 ! Leonardo, as usual, was both different and practical.1-5. B C J G D 6-9. A E F I（B）Ancient poets and scholars were more sensitive to these changes than modern man. In today's1. A. land B. countryside C.opening D. fields2. A. heavens B. sky C.peaks D. mountains3. A. impress B. fix C.wander D. imagine4. A. saucers B. things C.articles D. objects5. A. as B. like C.that D. the6. A. children B. grown-up C.adults D. farmers7. A. consider B. think C.regard D. treat8. A. brightness B. darkness C.earth D. dawn9. A. strength B. liveliness C.energetic D. symphony10. A.resemble B.like C.assemble pose11. A.image B.ghosts C.spirits D.shadow12. A.rock B.high-rises C.blankets D.bundles13. A.gulf B.harbor C.channel D.tunnel14. A.Throw B.Dispense C.Abandon D.Get15. A.behind B.once C.alone D.undone1-5. B B D B A 6-10. C B D B A 11-15. A B D C A（C）Many people think that Shakespeare's greatest play is "King Lear". It tells the story of a king far off in the past, who decides that it is time for him to take a rest, so he decides to divide his lands among his three daughters. But first he gives them a love-test. They have to tell him how much they love him. The two elder daughters tell him their love is as high as the sky and as deep as the ocean, but the third, Cordelia, refuses to play his game and simply says she loves him as much as she should. Angrily, he orders her to leave, and divides his kingdom into two, saying hewill spend six months a year with each of his loving daughters. Cordelia goes overseas.There are many side stories, but what basically happens next is that his daughters once they have power, begin to treat their father badly. They tell him he should lead a quiet life and not cause trouble. If he will not follow their rules, they will not take care of him. Lear feels so hurt that he loses his mind and runs through the countryside during a great storm.Cordelia comes to help him, but she and her father are thrown into prison. Cordelia forgives Lear and he feels better when he knows her love. The sisters, however, kill Cordelia. Lear can take no more and dies. The sisters are themselves killed, and a good king takes over, but there is a great feeling of sadness as the story ends. So much love is lost for nothing.Word Banktake over 接替1. Why does King Lear divided his land?A. Because he is not well.B. Because he is an unsuccessful king.C. Because he feels too old.D. Because he has no choice.2. Which of these statements about the two elder daughters is true?A.They love Lear more than Cordelia does.B.They only want what is best for Lear.C.They leave their father out homeless in the rain.D. They are successful in the end.3. Which word can best describe Lear?A. Wise.B. Envious.C. Strong.D. Stupid.4. What kills Lear?A. His daughters.B. His age.C. The weather.D. His sadness.CCDD（D）People seldom feel the same about poetry. Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an adequate substitute for food, for shelter, and love. It isn't. Words, no matter how satisfying, are never an equivalent for life itself and its human experiences. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes calm, on the other hand, that poetry is only words and good for nothing. That's not true either. It is easy to become frustrated by words—in poetry or in life—but when words represent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important. Poetry is, in fact, more than just words. It is an experience of life, their sense of what other people are like, their awareness of themselves, and their range of human feelings. One reason that poetry can be so important is that it is so closely concerned with feelings.Poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful experiences of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most insistent merits involves its attempt to express the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone who cares about? Poetry tries and it often captures exactly the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can said to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of experiencing poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say, "Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well." Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or joy.A.few people think that poetry is neutralB.people always differ in their views about poetryC.people rarely take a biased opinion about poetryD.people generally think of poetry as extreme importance or total uselessness6. The author suggests that .A.poetry tends to make the reader disappointedB.poetry makes its readers sentimentalC.poetry is more important than wordsD.poetry often captures real human feelingsA.what love and death meanB.what people think about themselvesC.what people feel but find it hard to describeD.how people go through life8. This passage is mainly about________________ .A. the structure of poetryB. the components ofpoetryC. the nature and importance of poetryD. the appreciation ofpoetryDDCC。

话题10 文学与艺术（Literaturel Art）【话题解读】＂文学与艺术＂是高中新课标话题之一。

该话题主要包括各种文学类型、艺术形式、文化名人以及艺术家等方面。

＂文学与艺术＂这个话题与我们的实际生活密切相关，对于学生了解国内外的文学与艺术形式，还有它们的特点、历史、发展与创新等都有帮助。

该话题能够引导学生接受和尊重不同国家和民族的文学及艺术，并亲身感受文学与艺术的魅力。

【相关词汇】Ⅰ.写作必记单词1.admire vt.欣赏→admiration n.钦佩，羡慕ment v.评论；批评；n.评论3.describe vt.描写；叙述→description n.描述，形容4.design n.& vt.设计；计划；构思→designer n.设计师5.focus n.焦点6.recommend vt.推荐7.represent vt.表示；象征；描绘；展现8.reflect vt.反映→reflection n.反射；反省；想法9.straight adj.笔直的；整齐的；正直的；adv.直接地；笔直地10.translate vt.翻译Ⅱ.阅读识记单词11.artistic adj.艺术的→art n.艺术→artist n.艺术家12.background n.背景13.character n.性格；人物角色14.classic adj.经典的15.construction n.建造16.description n.描述，描写17.delicate adj.微妙的；脆弱的；易碎的18.display n.& vt.展示；陈列19.entrance n.入口20.exhibition n.展览；展览会21.extraordinary adj.非凡的22.fiction n.小说；虚构的事23.inspiration n.灵感；启发→inspire vt.鼓舞；启发→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的24.literature n.文学25.original adj.原创的；n.原作→origin n.起源，开端；出身26.painting n.油画，水彩画27.performance n.表演→perform vt.& vi.表演；做→performer n.表演者28.precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的29.production n.作品→product n.产品；出品→produce vt.& vi.生产30.publish vt.出版，发行31.remark n.&vt.评论；谈论32.series n.系列33.technique n.技巧34.unique adj.独特的35.valuable adj.有价值的→value n.价值；vt.评价语境活用[用所给词的正确形式填空]1.There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answe r to，and which no words can describe(description).2.Children’s bad behavior is often a reflection(reflect) on their parents.3.A good face is a letter of recommendation(recommend).4.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate(translation) your childhood memories into your grown­up garden.(2016·全国Ⅱ)5.Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo and sometimes they are quite artistic(art). (2016·全国Ⅲ)6.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction(construct) of s ilence.(2016·全国Ⅰ)7.There are some ways parents can be involved in their kids’ education that leads to declines in their academic performance(perform).(2015·陕西)8.The moral of the original(origin) story is that a devoted person certainly deserves respect.(2014·福建)1.adapt...from...根据……改编……2.apply...to...把……应用于……3.be designed for...为……而设计4.be faced with面对，面临5.be based on以……为根据6.be set in以……为背景7.have an influence on对……有影响8.in the shape of...呈……形状9.on show在展出10.play the role of...扮演(某一角色)11.put on演出，上演12.range from...to...范围从……到……13.show up出现14.translate...into...把……翻译成……15.under construction在建设中1.not only...but also...Some classic works not only offer us joy and excitement，but also encourage us to think critically.一些经典作品不仅能让我们喜悦和兴奋，而且还鼓励我们批判地思考。

话题：名人Passage 1It gives me great pleasure today to say a few words in praise of a man we will all miss very much. To be honest, I can’t imagine we will do without him when he’s gone.Bill Masters almost single–handed built up our sales force in the Houston area and developed the market position that we enjoy today. In only six years, he has brought the firm from a very low fifth position in the area sales to the point where we now outsell all but one of our competitors. Not only have we got 37 per cent of the market under Bill’s leadership; we are increasing our share with each passing month.As you know, the company has moved Bill to northern California to work his sales magic in one of this company’s most competitive(竞争的) areas. But we know that if anyone can do it, Bill Masters can, and I know you all join me in wishing him the best of luck in his new work.1. The speech was made _______.A. at a welcome meetingB. at the opening of a new school termC. when somebody was leavingD. when they had a new manager2. How long did Masters worked there?A.37 yearsB. less than 5 yearsC. about six yearsD. since he began to work3. When Bill started to work in Houston area, he had _______to help him.A. many peopleB. nobodyC. about 37 peopleD. very few people4. Bill increased the company’s sale _______.A. by 37 per cent every monthB. to the second largest in the areaC. to be the fifth largest in the areaD. five times as much as before(1—4 CCDB)【答案与解析】本文记述了Bill一生的事业业绩，表达了作者对Bill的怀念之情。