Bentonite in a few words

托福听力tpo50 lecture1、2、3、4 原文+题目+答案+译文Lecture1 (1)原文 (1)题目 (4)答案 (6)译文 (6)Lecture2 (8)原文 (8)题目 (10)答案 (12)译文 (12)Lecture3 (14)原文 (14)题目 (16)答案 (18)译文 (18)Lecture4 (20)原文 (20)题目 (22)答案 (24)译文 (24)Lecture1原文NARRATOR: Listen to part of a lecture in an ancient history class.FEMALE PROFESSOR: OK, last time we were discussing trade and commerce during the Bronze Age … And I said a little over 3,000 years ago there was quite a lively trade among the countries along the Mediterranean Sea—people were making objects out of bronze, and they were using bronze tools to make other goods, and they developed trade networks to trade these goods with other countries around the Mediterranean … One of the things they traded was glass …And recently there was an archeological excavation in Egypt—on the Nile River, around where it enters the Mediterranean Sea—where they discovered an ancient glass factory. Robert?MALE STUDENT: I thought our textbook said that the Egyptians imported their glass from other countries.FEMALE PROFESSOR: Well, until now that's what the evidence seemed to suggest. I mean, we had some evidence that suggested that the Egyptians were making glass objects, uh, but not glass.MALE STUDENT: OK, am-am I missing something? They're making glass, but they're not making glass.FEMALE PROFESSOR: I said they were making glass objects, right? You see, it was previously thought that they weren't actually making the raw glass itself, that they were importing unfinished glass from Mesopotamia—um, which today is a region consisting of Iraq, and parts of Syria, Turkey, and Iran—and simply reworking it. Most archeologists believed that the glass factories were in Mesopotamia because that's where the oldest known glass remains come from. You see, there were two stages of glassmaking: the primary production stage, where they made disks of raw glass… Uh, an- and then there was the secondary stage, where they melted the raw glass, the glass disks, and created decorative objects or whatever.And from this new Egyptian site we've learned that the primary production stage had several steps. First, they took quartz—a colorless, transparent mineral—and crushed it. Then they took that crushed quartz and mixed it with plant ash; uh, “plant ash” is just what it soundslike—the ash that's left after you've burned plant material. They slowly heated this mixture, at a relatively low temperature, in small vessels, um containers, like jars, made out of clay. Uh, and that yielded a kind of glassy material…They took this glassy material and ground it up into a powder, and then they used metallic dye to color it… After that, they poured the colored powder out into disk-shaped molds and heated it up to very high temperatures, so that it melted. After it cooled, they'd break the molds, and inside…there were the glass disks. These disks were shipped off to other sites within Egypt and places around the Mediterranean. Then, in the secondary phase, the disks were reheated and shaped into decorative objects. Susan?FEMALE STUDENT: So what kind of objects were people making back then? FEMALE PROFESSOR: Well, the most common objects we’ve found—mostly in Egypt and Mesopotamia—uh, the most common objects were beads; one thing Egyptians were very, very good at was imitating precious stones; they created some beads that looked so much like emeralds and pearls that it was very difficult to distinguish them from the real thing. Uh, and-and also beautiful vessels, uh, with narrow necks; they were probably really valuable, so they wouldn't have been used to hold cooking oil or common food items; they were most likely used for expensive liquids like perfume. Now the glass made at this factory was mostly red; to get this red color, they used copper; in a sophisticated process. Of course, any kind of glass was very valuable, so these red bottles would only have been owned by wealthy people. In fact, because it was so difficult to make, and sort of mysterious and complicated, it was probably a product produced for the royal family, and they probably used glass to show their power. Also, beautiful, expensive objects make great gifts if you're looking to establish or strengthen political alliances…and it's quite possible that ancient Egyptians were actually exporting glass, not just making it or importing it. The trade with Mesopotamia was probably a friendly, mutual trade…because, uh, Mesopotamian glass was usually white or yellow, so Mesopotamians might have said something like, “We'll give you two white disks for two red disks.” There’s no proof ofthat, uh—at least not yet…题目1.What is the lecture mainly about?A. New information about glass production and use in ancient EgyptB. Whether Egyptians or Mesopotamians were the first to invent glassC. Differences between Egyptian glass and other kinds of glassD. Reasons why ancient Egyptians imported glass from other countries2.What is the importance of the archaeological evidence recently found in Egypt?A. It supports the theory that ancient Egyptians imported glass from Mesopotamia.B. It proves that ancient Egyptians made glass objects prior to the Bronze Age.C. It provides the first evidence that glassmaking in the Bronze Age required two different stages.D. It shows that ancient Egyptians were producing raw glass.3.The professor describes a process for making glass disks. Summarize the process by putting the steps in the correct order. [Click on a sentence. Then drag it to the space where it belongs. The last one is done for you.]A.Glass-like material is ground up and dyed blue or red.B.Powdered material is heated at very high temperatures.C.Crushed quartz and plant ash are heated at low temperatures.D.Containers are broken to remove glass disks.4.Based on the lecture, what are two kinds of glass objects that were valued in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia? [Click on 2 answers.]A. BeadsB. Cooking utensilsC. ContainersD. Windows5.According to the professor, what are two reasons why ancient Egyptians exported glass? [Click on 2 answers.]A. To build relationships with foreign leadersB. To hold cooking oil that was sold in other countriesC. To get bronze tools from other countriesD. To acquire colors of glass not made in Egypt6.Why does the professor say this:Robert: Ok. Am……Am I missing something? They are making glass but they are not making glass?Professor: I said they were making glass objects, right?A. To emphasize that glass objects were only made in ancient EgyptB. To find out what the student does not understandC. To indicate that there was no contradiction in her previous statementD. To correct what she said in her previous statement答案A D CABD AC AD C译文旁白：请听一个古代历史课上的讲座片段。

Unit 7 Lesson 3 名师教学设计课时内容：A Musical genius主题语境：人与社会主题群：文学、艺术与体育子主题：音乐等领域的概况及其发展语篇类型：人物传记文本分析：[What]“A Musical genius”是一篇记叙文，讲述的是音乐天才贝多芬创作D小调第九交响曲的过程及这部交响曲首演的故事。

贝多芬是德国作曲家，被认为是世界音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一，一生共创作了130多部音乐作品，其中D小调第九交响曲是在贝多芬失聪的情况下耗时几年完成的。

第九交响曲的首演是在维也纳一个非常著名的剧院里，这部交响曲取得了空前的成功。

[Why]通过阅读故事及补充的课外资料，使学生了解贝多芬一生坎坷，尤其是双耳失聪，这对于音乐家来说，是致命的打击，但是贝多芬没有接受命运的安排，他一生忍受着痛苦，不断地与自己苦难的命运作斗争，创造了一曲又一曲享誉世界的名曲。

这些乐曲或雄壮、或欢快、或静逸、或优美，都是他对命运最有力的反抗。

他的名言“我要扼住命运的咽喉，它休想使我屈服”，正是他对生活的态度，也是他一生的精神写照。

从贝多芬身上，学生可以学习他与命运抗争的不屈精神。

[How]本文作者以时间顺序，从what，who，when where，why，how及用第三人称展开描述，直接把故事的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。

作者最后用直接引语代替间接引语的陈述，可以更客观、生动地反映他人对贝多芬的真实评价，使文章更加生动、具体。

课时目标：1.获取、梳理贝多芬创作D小调第九交响曲的过程及这部交响曲首演的主要信息。

2.能用恰当的语言介绍贝多芬和D小调第九交响曲首演等细节。

3.学习和练习构词法。

4.推断故事背后的价值取向，学习贝多芬顽强的毅力，深化对主题的认识。

重点难点：重点：获取关于贝多芬创作D小调第九交响曲的过程及这部交响曲首演的主要信息。

难点：通过阅读、讨论和分享，学习贝多芬百折不挠、和命运顽强抗争、永不言弃、挑战自己的精神。

雅思阅读原文5-4-1READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13,which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Johnson’s DictionaryFor the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775,there had been concern about the state of the English language.There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling.Dr Johnson provided the solution.There had,of course,been dictionaries in the past,the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages,compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray,published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall‘of hard usuall English wordes’.Like the various dictionaries that came after it during the seventeenth century,Cawdray’s tended to concentrate on‘scholarly’words;one function of the dictionary was to enable its student to convey an impression of fine learning.Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos,the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class,who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conquer —lexical as well as social and commercial.it is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson,the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man,asfamous in his own time as in ours,should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius.His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical.Up until his time,the task of producing a dictionary on such a large scale had seemed impossible without the establishment of an academy to make decisions about right and wrong usage.Johnson decided he did not need an academy to settle arguments about language;he would write a dictionary himself and he would do it single-handed.Johnson signed the contract for the Dictionary with the bookseller Robert Dosley at a breakfast held at the Golden Anchor Inn near Holbom Bar on 18 June 1764.He was to be paid￡1.575 in instalments,and from this he took money to rent Gough Square,in which he set up his‘dictionary workshop’.James Boswell,his biographer,described the garret where Johnson worked as‘fitted up like a counting house’with a long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work standing up.Johnson himself was stationed on a rickety chair at an‘old crazy deal table’surrounded by a chaos of borrowed books.He was also helped by six assistants,two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation.The work was immense;filling about eighty large notebooks(and without a library to hand),Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words,and illustrated their many meanings with some 114,000 quotations drawn from English writing on every subject,from the Elizabethans to his own time.He did not expect to achieve complete originality.Working to a deadline,he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries,and to make his work one of heroic synthesis.In fact,it was very much more.Unlike his predecessors,Johnson treated English very practically,as a living language,with many different shades of meaning.He adopted his definitions on the principle of English common law—according to precedent.After its publication,his Dictionary was not seriously rivalled for over a century.After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775.It was instantly recognised as a landmark throughout Europe.‘This very noble work,’wrote the leading Italian lexicographer,‘will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author,an Honour to his own Country in particular,and a general Benefit to the republic of Letters throughout Europe"The fact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them(everyone knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce the first French national dictionary)was cause for much English celebration.Johnson had worked for nine years,‘with little assistance of the learned,and without any patronage of the great;not in the soft obscurities of retirement,or under the shelter of academic bowers,but amidst inconvenience and distraction,in sickness and in sorrow’.For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark,in his own words,‘setting the orthography,displaying the analogy,regulating the structures,and ascertaining the significations of English words’.It is the cornerstone of Standard English an achievement which,in James Boswell’s words‘conferred stability on the language of his country.’The Dictionary,together with his other writing,made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King GeorgeⅢto offer him a pension.From then on,he was to become the Johnson of folklore.Questions 1-3Choose THREE letters A-H.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.NB Your answers may be given in any order.Which THREE of the following statements are true of Johnson’s Dictionary?A It avoided all scholarly words.B It was the only English dictionary in general use for 200 years.C It was famous because of the large number of people involved.D It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts.E There was a time limit for its completion.F It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers.G It took into account subtleties of meaning.H Its definitions were famous for their originality.Questions 4-7Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.。

Unit 1 : Feeling goodD ：Writing分层练习Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Clean Meat Revolution Is Coming"If we can grow meat without the animal, why wouldn't we?"This __1__ wasn't from a science fiction writer or the head of The Humane Society of the United States. __2__, this came from Tom Hayes toward the end of his tenure（任期）as the CEO of Tyson Foods. Yes, that Tyson. Synonymous with "chicken," Tyson is by far the largest producer of meat in the U. S.Why would the CEO of Tyson want to __3__ the animal from meat production? In part because meat production will be more __4__ that way -- by growing meat without bones, feathers, or hair, we can get more meat with the same resources. And good things too, as United Nations scientists say that raising and killing animals for food is "one of the major __5__ of the world's most pressing environmental problems, including global warming, land degradation, air and water pollution, and loss of biodiversity." With a growing world population, there are simply not enough resources to __6__ current meat production to feed everyone.Companies around the world are rapidly __7__ the cost of animal-free meat -- meat grown directly in facility __8__ to a brewery（啤酒厂）, rather than as part of an animal. This "cell-based meat" is the meat everyone is used to, right down to the DNA. In addition to being more efficient, there will be no waste pollution. And because the meat will be grown in clean conditions, it won't __9__ the use of antibiotics.With all these __10__, the answer to "why wouldn't we?" becomes even more obvious. Although there are technical challenges to increase production to be cost-competitive with __11__ meat, no scientific breakthroughs are necessary to bring meat without the animal to our plates.Perhaps the main question now is which country will lead the way. The governments of Japan, the Netherlands and Israel have already invested in research and startups _12__ producing this kind of meat. Given the magnitude of the global problems that clean meat can help address, those efforts abroad deserve to be __13__.And then just a few weeks ago, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration and the U. S. Department of Agriculture formally announced their plan for joint oversight of clean meat production within their current regulatory framework.This announcement ended months of __14__ and speculation（猜测）, giving leading clean meat companies like Memphis Meats and JUST a clear signal that they will have a straightforward and fair path to market in the U. S. Given the many challenges humanity faces, it is, __15__ to know we have an incredibly beneficial innovation within reach -- one that won't require anyone to give up the foods they love.1. A. issue B. question C. comment D. choice2. A. Rather B. Besides C. Moreover D. Therefore3. A. remove B. release C. kill D. protect4. A. beneficial B. popular C. common D. efficient5. A. purposes B. confusions C. causes D. consequences6. A. cease B. increase C. control D. maintain7. A. refunding B. sharing C. lowering D. splitting8. A. relative B. superior C. available D. similar9. A. abandon B. limit C. involve D. promote10. A. resources B. benefits C. efforts D. duties11. A. raw B. tender C. fresh D. conventional12. A. separated from B. opposed to C. focusing on D. appealing to13. A. applauded B. discouraged C. planned D. undermined14. A. ignorance B. sympathy C. uncertainty D. practice15. A. relaxing B. horrifying C. surprising D. thrilling【答案】BAADC BCDCB DCACDSection BDirections:Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.I had a teacher who used to wake up in class by shouting: The early bird gets the worm!”I say let him have the worm”.I hate food that doesn’t stay still, and avoid ‘Japanese restaurant for that very reason. Anyway, I stopped eating worms at the age of three, switching to regular breakfasts of cereal, to which I would add extra sugar.Recently I was thinking about early birds and the competitive spirit after receiving a letter from a reader in Malaysia:“My son deliberately throws away marks because he doesn’t like to be top of the class. What shall I do?”Give him a round of applause for being smart! Actually many children in Asia tend to be the focus by performing better.Placed into a very competitive class when I was 11, I quickly learned the ideal position was second to last. The top three performers and the very last person are highlighted; the second-to-last contestant is INVISIBLE. And it’s an easy position to get- -just deliberately underperform at every test. I could do that I once came second to last in eight straight sports day races. No one suspected anything. I was so invisible that I could have robbed a bank in my street and no one would have noticed.At the London Olympics a few months ago,badminton pairs from three Asian countries deliberately triedto lost matches to draw good lots in later rounds. It was funny to watch, but they were all thrown out for poor sportsmanship. What they really needed were acting lessons their moves were so unconvincing. Oops, I hit the ball in entirely the wrong direction.The other day, I took the children out and they raced for the car. I’m first.”said one. The second said: First is worst,second is best. Together they sang at the last one: And third’s the one with a hairy chest.It struck me that the organizers of sports matches could use this song when people deliberately lost matches. I lost, the delighted loser will say. The judges could still declare them winners, pointing to a new, optional regulation: First is worst, second is best, third’s the one with a hairy chest.1. Why did the author dislike Japanese restaurant?A. Its food was served raw.B. Its food contained worms.C. He was tempted by cereal.D. He was affected by the saying.2. How did the author manage to be invisible in a competitive class?A. He highlighted the top three students.B.He came to second in sports races.C. He hid himself in a bank skillD. he intentionally under performed.3. What can be learned from the passage?A. The judge is encouraged to eliminate the dishonest players.B.Players disqualified from Olympic doubles for using drugs.C. Childrens’song praises the dramatic acting skills of athletes.D.Players purposefully failed for easier lots in the following rounds.4. Which saying might the author possibly support?A. Great minds think alike.B. God favors those who are prepared.C.Honesty is the best policy.D. A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.【答案】ADDC。

临渭区2022～2023学年度第一学期期末教学质量调研高二英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where will the man sit?A. Next to the woman.B. Behind the woman.C. Next to the woman’s friend.2. How much does one ticket cost?A. $20.B. $40.C. $80.3. What will the man do this Tuesday?A. Deliver a speech.B. Meet his lawyer.C. Hold a conference.4. What can be inferred about the girl?A. She was ill in bed.B. She passed the exam.C. She is telling a lie.5. What would the woman like to do with the package?A. Wrap it by herself.B. Have it delivered.C. Take it with her.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. What is most probably the woman?A. A mechanic.B. A saleswoman.C. A student.7. What will the woman do next?A. Ask Jim for help.B. Use the man’s laptop.C. Buy a new computer.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

常用船舶会话1.what is your ETA at bohai 9? 预达渤九时间？2.I will be your location at 14:00, what is your plan? 我将在14：00点抵达你处，请问有何计划？3.thanks for your information I will pass it to the company man then wewill know what is your program 我将告知监督看看有何计划4.I’d like to know how mu ch fuel and fresh water have you transfered tome? 请告诉我你给我打了多少油和水？5.advice you to heave up the anchor 建议你现在起锚6.my ETA at bohai 9 is 2200 hours 预达渤九时间22：007.what is your distance from me? 你距我有多远？8.what is the position of you?你的位置在哪？9.what is your freeboard?你的干舷是多少？10.h ow long do you come over to bohai 9 from heave up?起锚到渤九需多长时间？11.i s extra power available in emergency?有其他应急电源吗？12.d o you have bow thruster or stern thruster?你有艏推和尾推吗？13.d o you have automatic pilot?你能自航吗？14.w hat is your full speed?最大航述是多少？15.h ow many tugs do you require?你需要几艘拖轮？16.w hen will tugs expect to meet me?拖轮何时到？17.t he current （sea）is too rough海况很糟18.l et go my towing line PLS请给我解拖缆19.w e finished our job. Can we leave now?工作结束了，可以离开吗？20.s lack down on tug towing line解掉拖缆21.h eave on the towing line带拖缆22.s tand by for making fast准备带缆23.s ending heaving line to tug撇缆给拖轮24.I require helicopter. (with doctor)请派直升机（随医生）25.I require helicopter to pick up persons请派直升机接人26.h elicopter is on the way直升机已起飞27.w hat is your course and speed?请告诉你的航向和航速？28.I am ready to receive you我已准备好了29.s tand by for receiving line准备带缆30.w hich one do you require? The head line or stern line带头缆还是尾缆？31.I require bow line first 先带船头缆32.w hat is your name, call sign? PLS请告知你（船或飞机）名和呼号？33.w hat is your position?你的位置在哪？34.w hat is your destination?你去哪？35.w hat is your departure time?何时离开的？36.what is your draft forward? (draft aft) 你轮的前吃水（后吃水）是多少？37.w hat is your maximum draft?你船的最大吃水？38.w hat is your cargo?船上有什麽货？39.d o you have any dangerous goods?有危险货物吗？40.I want to know the remains on your boat please 请告诉你船的剩余货物？41.s ay it again please!请重复一遍！42.y ou should be inoculated against infectious diseases你应打预防针防止传染疾病43.s ome certificates have expired有些证书已过期44.will you show me your latest Bill of Health, please? 请把最近的健康证给我看45.p lease arrange an ambulance while the ship (or the helicopter)arrives船到达时请安排救护车46.c aptain: I will give you the manifest, please sign your name and give astamp of your ship please!船长，我把货单给你请签字盖章47.p lease fill up this form请填表格48.a nything special to declare?有什麽要申报的吗？49.what quantity of cigarettes (alcohol) is duty free? 可带多少免税烟（酒）？50.w hat can be taken along duty—free? 随身可带什么物品免税？51.w hat duty must I pay?我需付多少税金？52.p ass the green channel if you have nothing to declare 如果没有申报物品请走绿色通道53.a dvice you to keep a little bit close because my crane can not reach请靠近一点，我的吊车够不着54.w hat is your anchoring position?你的锚位在哪里？55.s afety load of my crane is 23 tons吊车的安全负荷是23吨56.w hat is maximum reach of crane?吊车臂的最远距离是多少？57.we are going to cast off then stand by on location我们准备解缆然后你抛锚值班58.y ou can proceed to P.Harcourt (Aker Base) now你可以返回。

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．As teachers we shouldn’t accept the argument given by some people _______ standardized tests restrict educators too much and take the joy out of teaching. A．where B．whatC．how D．that2．I thought Father would be better, but ______it is, he is getting worse, which makes me more worried.A．before B．as C．because D．after3．— Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car ______ start.— No problem. Y ou can count on it.A．won’t B．mustn’tC．needn’t D．shouldn’t4．—I t’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.—Don’t count on it too much. It ________ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.A．must B．canC．should D．will5．Life the like ________ ocean; Only ________strong-willed can reach the other shore. A．an; the B．the; aC．the ;/ D．/ ; a6．If the service is awful, a customer has the right to to the manager. A．react B．applyC．complain D．suggest7．the key to the car when my boss came towards me.Finally I could drive himhome as usual.A．Never had I found B．Seldom did I findC．Hardly had I found D．No sooner did I find8．—Why does he wear a raincoat on sunny days?—Nor do I understand. He is ________.A．a wet blanket B．a lazy boneC．a black sheep D．an odd fish9．I keep the picture where I can see it every day, reminds me of the days in my hometown.A．that B．whichC．who D．when10．_____ the lawyers, volunteers from the Libyan Red Cross Society also joined the efforts in helping the Chinese go home safely.A．Except for B．In spite of C．Apart from D．Instead of11．Since we can do nothing about it, we _________ as well consult Mr. Smith about the matter.A．can B．mustC．need D．may12．________ in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one.A．To succeed B．To have succeeded C．Having succeeded D．succeeding 13．The lady standing over there may be from the USA, _____ I guess has lost her way. A．whom B．whoC．which D．where14．--- Excuse me, where can I get my car filled up?--- There are gas stations at________end of the block．A．both B．neitherC．either D．all15．Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A．is B．are C．is there D．are there 16．It is going to rain today. Take an umbrella with you to ________ you from the rain. A．stop B．prevent C．keep D．protect17．The researchers who study jokes want to find out _______ people from different nations and cultures find funny.A．why B．thatC．what D．whether18．— Could you turn the TV down a little bit?— ________. Is it disturbing you?A．Take it easy. B．I’m sorry. C．Not a bit D．It depends19．The famous book Frankenstein, ________ by British novelist Mary Shelley, is the first work of science fiction.A．writing B．having writtenC．written D．was written20．______ exactly what was wrong with him, the doctors gave him a complete examination.A．To discover B．Discovering C．Discovered D．Having been discovered 第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

91278-英语阅读-8.18-19作业答疑8.18T/F/NG【Passage15 巧克力】5. Chocolate was confined to the rich because people believed it was nutritious.——Falsethe rich和nutritious是关键词，在G段中，第一句提到了chocolate是nutritious, medicinal，第二句说到了a privilege of the rich(= confined to the rich).但是这两句之间没有任何标志表示因果关系，所以题干中的because关系并不成立。

这一类关系混乱的题在判断题中常常会考察，要注意。

另外第二句提到巧克力在mass production大批量生产前是富人的特权，所以也可以发现造成它仅供富人的原因是量少而非nutritious。

10. Handmade chocolates are much more expensive.——Note Givenhandmade chocolates可以直接定位至最后一段中间部分。

Leaf said……harvesting methods. 这句话中说了handmade巧克力是high-quality，意为质量好、高质量，并未直接提及价格问题，也未提及和普通巧克力价格的对比关系，所以是not given。

注意：凡是文中为直接提及的信息都是not given，不要联想。

如本题不能认为平时手工的东西都贵所以手工巧克力也更贵。

不管现实生活是不是这样，文中既然没有提，那就无法判断。

（更多关于T/F/NG的区分可以参考真经总纲里的总结）【passage18伏尼契手稿】2. Someone wrote this book in a language that was popular in the early 1400s.——False这题错的同学很多，主要是单词问题（赶紧背单词）。