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祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第一单元中我们学习了述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。
先看两个句子：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father to ld his children not to move.从以上两个句子可以看出：例句1是表示“请求”的口气；例句2是表示“命令”的口气。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb. to do sth.; ②表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb. to do sth.; ③表示命令某人做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。
祈使句-直接引语变间接引语祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第⼀单元中我们学习了述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的⽤法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的⽤法。
先看两个句⼦：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father told his children not to move.从以上两个句⼦可以看出：例句1是表⽰“请求”的⼝⽓；例句2是表⽰“命令”的⼝⽓。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前⾯加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表⽰邀请、请求某⼈做某事时⽤ask sb. to do sth.; ②表⽰叫、吩咐某⼈做某事时⽤tell sb. to do sth.; ③表⽰命令某⼈做某事时⽤order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.”→She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.”→The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表⽰“请求”、“命令”等⼝⽓，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是⼈称、指⽰代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据述句直接引语变间接引语的⽅法进⾏相应的改变。
高考英语专题之祈使句的直接引语变间接引语一、教学内容祈使句的直接引语变间接引语二、知识精讲（一）观察下列句子，试着总结、思考祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的规律。
1. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son.She told her little son to make sure the door was shut.2. “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me.He told me not to smoke in the room.3. Mrs. Hill said, “ please sing at our party, Mary.”Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at their party.4. He said to the girl, “Do it at once.”He told the girl to do it at once.总结：祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语的规律1. 一改：主句谓语动词直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词said/said to常改成ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。
2. 二变：呼语变宾语3. 三加：动词前加to4. 四去：please（二）祈使句变为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语形式出现的宾语补足语，其结构通常为：ask/ advise/ tell/warn/order/ request sb. (not ) to do sth.例：He said，“Be seated, please. ” →He asked us to be seated.She said to me, “Don’t smoke in the classroom.”→She told me not to smoke in the classroom.即学即用：Mary asked me _____ to answer that letter.A. don’t forgetB. not forgetC. not to forgetD. not forgetting答案：C▲注意：1. 有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述。
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第一单元中我们学习了陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。
先看两个句子：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father t old his children not to move.从以上两个句子可以看出：例句1是表示“请求”的口气；例句2是表示“命令”的口气。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb. to do sth.; ②表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb. to do sth.; ③表示命令某人做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据陈述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。
如何把直接引语转换为间接引语引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。
间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词t．h．a．t．引导，很多时候可省略that 。
例如：She said, "I am very happy to help you."She said she was very happy to help me.She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow. ”She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day.She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years. ”She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years.She said, “ I am reading a book now. ”She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment.John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday ”John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词w．．h．e．th．e．r．或i．f．（是否）引导。
先把直接引语变为陈述句语序，再放在whether 或if 后面。
例如：He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"He asked me whether/if I liked playing football.He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?You will come to my birthday party.He asked Mary whether/if she would come to his birthday party.注意：大多数情况下，if 和whether 可以互换，但后有or not, 或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether 。
直接引语变间接引语__ “祈使句”篇引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；一种是间接引语，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。
本期重点讲解祈使句如何由直接引语变为间接引语。
【语境展示】观察下面几组例句，然后加以归纳。
1. Linda said to me, “ Please put your bag on the desk. ”T Linda asked me to put my bag on the desk.2. Peter said, “ Come to my house at 8:30 tomorrow, Neil. ”T Peter told Neil to go to his house at 8:30 the n ext day.3. The old man said to Bill, “ Don' t touch anything. ”T The old man told Bill not to touch anything.4. “ Get out of the car! ” said the policeman.T The policema n ordered him to get out of the car.【自我归纳】♦祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，一般采用“主语+谓语+宾语+不定式”结构。
♦谓语动词的选用应根据说话人的语气来决定，即：表示比较客气的邀请、请求时（注：句中如有please 一词，变为间接引语后应去掉），用ask （第1组例句）；表示要求、吩咐时，用tell （第2、3组例句）；表示强烈的命令时，用order （第4组例句）。
♦如果直接引语是否定句，变为间接引语时，则要用“主语+ ask / tell / order sb. +_______ + to do sth. ”结构（第3组例句）。
个性化辅导教案授课时间：备课时间：年级：高一课时：2小时课题：直接引语和间接引语学员姓名：教师：教学目标1）直接引语和间接引语的转换2）能灵活使用Unit Two的重点词汇难点重点1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、宾语从句中时态的变化3、能在语法填空中填正确的关联词教学内容一．直接引语与间接引语一．句子的种类◆简单句 : 主语+ 谓语+ (宾语)/(表语)◆主从复合句 : 主句+引导词+ 从句◆分类：（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句（4）主语从句（5）表语从句◆构成：主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。
主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。
从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。
一宾语从句含义：从句在全句中作宾语，这个句子叫做宾语从句。
◆ 1. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour .（一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) he missed us very much.（他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. （地球围着太阳转）● 1. He asked _______ could answer the question (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_________they are waiting for. （他们在等谁）3. He asked ________ handwriting was the best in the class.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4. Please tell me _______we’ll have a meeting. （我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me ___________________. （他在哪儿）6. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）7. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）I want to know if (whether) he will go to the park with us .（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨）whether it is going to rain or not 总结: 根据什么来选择关联词?宾语从句用陈述语序连接词时态语序陈述句that，可省略，无意义如果主句是现在时态（一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句时态不变。
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语是重要语法点, 现作一小结。
当直接引语的句子是祈使句时, 间接引语常用动词不定式表示; 如果祈使句为否定式, 变为间接引语时, 则将原句变为动词不定式的否定式。
间接引语的动词应根据句子的意思和说话者的口气作相应的改变, 一般将原句的say酌情改为ask, beg, tell, order, demand等动词, 并在动词的后面加相应的人称作宾语。
为使间接引语的语气和意义更贴近原句, 可按下列情况酌情选用不同的谓语动词。
1. 一般情况将原句的动词say改为tell。
例如:①He said, “Hurry up!"→He told me to hurry up.他告诉我快一点。
②She said, “Don't put your bag here, Mary."→She told Mary not to put her bag there.她告诉玛丽不要把袋子放在那里。
③He said, “Never eat too much."→He told ／warned us never to eat too much.他告诉我们永远不要吃得太多。
④The teacher said, “Don't be late again, Mary."→The teacher told Mary not to be late again.老师告诉玛丽不要再迟到了。
2. 有的祈使句含有please一词, 以表示婉转的语气, 将这类祈使句变为间接引语, 通常将原句的say改为ask或beg。
值得注意的是, please一词在改为间接引语时去掉。
例如:①Tom said to Alice, “Come here tomorrow, please."→Tom asked Alice to go there the next day.汤姆要求艾丽斯第二天去那里。
英语语法：直接引语变间接引语英语语法：直接引语变间接引语英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。
在英语六级的学习过程中有哪些直接引语变间接引语的方法呢?下面就让店铺为大家整理的英语语法：直接引语变间接引语，一起来看看吧。
一、概述引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。
用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。
一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。
Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。
(直接引语)Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。
(宾语从句是间接引语)从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。
现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下：二、直接引语是陈述句时直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导(that 在口语中常省去)，that从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。
1、人称的变化直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。
把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。
直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。
直接引语变间接引语规则(直接引语变间接引语规则间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，这叫作间接引语。
应注意:(一)时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须做下列变化:一般现在时变为一般过去时(但直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理，变成间接引语时，时态不变。
例如：They told their son :”The earth goes round the sun.”They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.。
现在进行时变为过去进行时;现在完成时变为过去完成时;现在进行时变为过去进行时一般过去时变为过去完成时;一般将来时变为过去将来时。
过去完成时则不变，仍是过去完成时;过去进行时，时态不变。
(二)人称的变化：要根据句子意思改变人称，如:I--he,she; we--they等等。
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时，常常弄不清人称变化。
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。
二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said。
直接引语改为间接引语（直接引语为祈使句）注意：1、通常直接引语里含有please表示请求：ask sb (not) to do sth 例如: He said to me, ‘Shut the window, please.’
→He asked me to shut the window.
2、直接引语里不含please表示命令：tell sb (not) to do sth
例如：The teacher said to the students,‘Stop talking!’
→The teacher told the students to stop talking.
练习：把下列直接引语改为间接引语
1.The doctor said to me, ‘d on’t drink too much.’
The doctor _____me _______________too much.
2.Mother said to him, ‘d on’t cry!’→Mother ________________________ .
3.The doctor said to me, ‘d on’t smoke.’
The doctor _____________ __________ .
4.Jim said to him, ‘s tart at once.’
Jim _______ him ______________ at once.
5.Mother said to me, ‘d on’t tell a lie.’
Mother _________________________________ a lie.
6.I said to him yesterday, ‘p lease come early.’
Yesterday I _______ him to come early ___________.
7.‘Yongxian , could you open the window, please?’ Deming said to Yongxian.
Deming ______Yongxian ___________________________ the window.
8.The teacher said to the boy, ‘call the police right now.’
The teacher _____ _____________________ .
9. His father said to him , ‘don't leave the alone at home .’
His father____________________________ .
10. John said to the others, ‘keep quiet’
John the others .。
