【5年级】2014-2016学而思杯真题+解析合集_14
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启用前★绝密2014年第四届全国学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)英语试卷答案解析(五年级)考试时间:45分钟满分:100分一. 单项选择(25*2分=50分)Section A: 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(此部分答案解析由乐加乐小升初英语名师闫功瑾老师撰写)1.答案:C。
解析:本题考查的是名词中“不可数名词”的考点。
此考点多次出现在重点中学小升初英语点招考试中。
Chicken表示鸡肉的时候是不可数名词。
表示小鸡的时候是可数名词。
此题表明的意思是吃鸡肉,所以答案选择C。
2. 答案:A。
解析:本题考查的是代词考点。
此考点多次出现在重点中学小升初英语点招考试中,特别是海淀市重点(第一批示范校)和西城区级重点中学中(第一、二批示范校)。
Side没有标注复数,表明道路两旁只有一旁有树,所以答案选择A。
3.答案:B。
解析:本题考查的是介词考点。
此考点多次出现在重点中学小升初英语点招考试中,特别是海淀市重点(第一批示范校)和西城区级重点中学中(第一、二批示范校)。
on用于天(Jan. 1, 2014; Sunday, Monday等),具体某一天早中晚也要用on, 例如:on Sunday morning, on the evening of Jan.1,2014,所以答案选择B。
4. 答案:A。
解析:本题考查的是时态考点。
此考点多次出现在重点中学小升初英语点招考试中,特别是海淀市重点(第一批示范校,如BDF)和西城市级重点中学中(第一批示范校)。
此题表达的是“我刚才给你打电话,但是你当时没在”,所以下文应表达“我当时在阅览室”,所以答案选择A。
5.答案:B。
解析:本题考查的是主谓一致考点。
此考点多次出现在重点中学小升初英语点招考试中,特别是海淀市重点(第一批示范校)和西城市、区级重点中学中(第一、二批示范校)。
Neither…nor后面跟的谓语部分和nor后面的主语部分要保持“数”的一致,所以答案选择B。
2016年第六届全国学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)英语试卷(五年级)考试时间:45分钟满分:100分考生须知:请将所有的答案写在答题纸对应位置上Part1●Listening(2’*5=10’)QUESTIONS1-5You will hear five short conversations.You will hear each conversation twice.There is one question for each conversation.For questions1-5,put a tick( )under the right answer.Example:0How many people were at the meeting?1Which T-shirt does the woman buy?2When is the girl’s swimming lesson next week?3Which bus stop does the woman need?4Which is the man’s raincoat?5Which is the office manager?Part2●Listening(2’*5=10’)QUESTIONS6-10Listen to Jessica talking to Frank about a dance class.For questions6-10,write the correct answer(A,B or C)on the answer sheet. You will hear the conversation twice.Example:0What time does the class start?A7.30p.m.B8p.m.C9p.m.6The class takes A half an hour.B three quarters of an hour.C an hour.7What doesn’t Frank need to take?A trainersB sports clothesC drink8The teacher needs to know A if people are beginners.B how fit people are.C people’s age.9The normal price of classes is A£5.B£6.C£8.10They will meet A at Jessica’s house.B at college.C in the café.Part3●Reading and writing(2’*9=18’)QUESTIONS11-19Read the descriptions(11-19).What is the word for each description?The first letter is already there.There is one space for each other letter in the word.For questions11-19,write the words on the answer sheet.Example:0A way from one place to another.r o u t e11Land which has got water all around it.i_____12To stop something or someone hurting another person.p______13The celebration when people get married.w______14A large area of is an example of this.c________ 15A baby sheep.l___16Rain,snow,wind and sun are all kinds of this.w______17It’s the energy or electricity that a machine needs to work.p____18The place where you go to pay in a supermarket.c_______ 19A word for cows and bulls.c_____Part4●Reading and writing(3’*8=24’)QUESTIONS20-27Read the article.Choose the best word(A,B or C)for each space.For questions20-27,mark A,B or C on your answer sheet.My favourite book is(0)............Robinson Crusoe and is about a man called Robinson Crusoe.A long time ago,when he was going to Africa(20)............ boat there was a terrible thunderstorm and Robinson(21)............himself on a desert island.He explored the island looking(22)............people but there was no one.Robinson had to(23)............on the island for many years.He built a home,grew rice(24)............eat and hunted wild goats.One day an English ship(25)............and Robinson travelled back to Portugal in Europe.Then,while he was walking home over the mountains he (26)............attacked by a group of hungry dogs.The story has a happy endingbecause Robinson gets back to England safely.I love this story because it is exciting but also because I learnt a lot from(27)............Robinson did when things were difficult–even though his problems were very different to mine!Example:0A call B calls C called Answer:C20A on B by C in21A found B find C finds22A for B at C after23A lived B living C live24A for B to C with25A appeared B disappeared C appears26A been B is C was27A where B what C whenPart5●Reading and writing(2’*10=20’)QUESTIONS28-32Read the text and look at the sentences below.Decide if each sentence is correct or incorrect.If it is correct,mark A on your answer sheet.If it is not correct,mark B on your answer sheet.Cycling in the countrysideBy Chris Jones,aged14Have you ever been cycling?This spring my older brother and I left the busy city and spent a long weekend cycling in the countryside.Our average speed was only around14kph,but that didn’t matter.We hadn’t come to break any speed records,or to get fit and healthy.All we wanted was some fresh air and a break from schoolwork.My bike only once went more than30kph,and that was when I raced my brother down the only hill on our route.We really enjoyed cycling along flat,traffic-free country paths.There was plenty of spring sunshine,but it was quite cold,especially in the mornings.We didn’t mind,though–and we soon warmed up as we rode along.Our only problem was when my brakes started making terrible noise.But I didn’t mind as it gave us an excuse to visit a caféwhile a helpful bike mechanic had a look at it.That was one of the best things about our route:every few kilometres there was a village where we could find everything we needed.All the local people were really friendly,too.However,most places we stopped at served chips with all the meals,which soon got fairly boring.One night we were woken at4a.m.by a group of rugby fans singing loudly in the hotel corridor.We were tired and bad-tempered when we set off the next morning and very nearly got lost,but soon felt more cheerful when the sun came out.That’s what I like about cycling–it’s simple and it’s fun.If you’re looking for a short break that’s active and cheap,then cycling is a greatchoice!28Chris Jones went cycling almost the whole weekend in the city.29They preferred enjoying fresh air and having a rest to getting fit.30Chris Jones was unhappy because there’s something wrong with brakes. 31Everyone in the village was nice.32They didn’t sleep well for the reason that some fans celebrated in the hotel.QUESTIONS33-37Read the text and the questions below.For each question,mark the letter next to the correct answer–A,B,C or D–on your answer sheet.33What is Chris Jones doing in this text?A describing the different places he saw while cyclingB comparing cycling to other forms of exerciseC suggesting places to stay on a cycling holidayD recommending cycling as a good type of holiday34What do we find out about Chris’s bike?A It wasn’t as good as his brother’s.B It was too old to go fast.C It needed attention at one point.D It had trouble going up hills.35Chris was pleased becauseA he and his brother had chosen a good route.B he felt much healthier than before he began his trip.C he met other people who were keen on cycling.D he went away at the best time of year for cycling. 36What did Chris dislike about his trip?A breaking downB the foodC the weatherD getting lost37What might Chris say in a postcard to a friend?AI’m have a great holiday, spending lots of time in friendly cafes and enjoying being by myself for once.BI’m having really fit cycling so fast up and down the hills in this part of the countryside.CI’m pleased to be away from cars and lorries for a change.Having a good time,despite some problems.DI’m enjoying cycling with my brother this weekend,and staying at a very quiet hotel in this countryside.Part6●Reading and writing(3’*6=18’)QUESTIONS38-43For each question,complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first,using no more than three words.Write only the missing words on your answer sheet.Example:0The flat is near my college.The flat is not______________my college.Answer:0far from38Most British children have studied in state schools for many years.Most British children have studied in state schools_______many years ago.39It costs nothing to attend a state school.It doesn’t cost_______to attend a state school.40City schools are usually larger than schools in the country.Schools in the country are not as______________city schools.41Uniforms must be worn by children in some schools.Children must_______uniforms in some schools.42Each class has about thirty children.In each class______________about thirty children.43Children must do their homework on their own.Children must do their homework______________.。
启用前★绝密2016年第十届北京市小学生综合能力测评(学而思杯)英语试卷(五年级)考试时间:45分钟满分:100分考生须知:请将所有的答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
听力理解(共计16分)一、听对话,根据对话内容,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
每段对话仅读一遍。
(共6分,每小题1分)请听一段对话,完成第1至第2小题。
1. What does the girl want?A. Some apples.B. Some vegetables.C. Some candies.2. Where are the speakers?A. At home.B. In a supermarket.C. In a bookshop.请听一段对话,完成第3至第4小题。
3. Why did Tim go to the airport?A. To see his sister off.B. To go to England.C. To go to a university.4. What will Tim’s sister study in England?A. English.B. Medicine.C. Business.请听一段对话,完成第5至第6小题。
5. What would the woman like to buy?A. A skirt.B. A sweater.C. A T-shirt.6. What does the woman think of the second one?A. It looks smarter.B. It is darker.C. It feels softer.二、听对话,根据对话内容,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
对话读两遍。
(共6分,每小题2分)7. Who does Mrs. Black teach?A.Some American students at a camp.B.Some Chinese students at a camp.C.Some American students at school.8. On what day are they going to have the lunch party?A.On 14th.B. On 15th.C. On 16th.9. Why is Mrs. Black in a hurry?A. Because she will have a meeting.B. Because the party is starting.C. Because she’s got a lesson.三、听独白,根据独白内容,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
绝密★启封前2014学而思杯全国联考样题(五年级)时间:45分钟分值100分一. 单项选择(25*2分=50分)Section A: 根据句意选择正确答案。
1. There are two and four in our company. They all enjoy living and working in Beijing.A. Germen, FrenchmenB. Germans, FrenchmenC. Germans, FrenchmansD. Germen, Frenchmans2. I usually go to work by bike, but yesterday I took taxi.A. the, /B. the, aC. /, aD. a, /3. You will realize the importance of mastering a foreign language_________ in the future.A. some timeB. some timesC. sometimesD. sometime4. I think real cards are __________ than e-cards.A. niceB. nicerC. nicestD. the nicest5. His composition is good some spelling mistakes.A. exceptB. butC. except forD. besides6. She never learning English.A. gives upB. gives backC. sends forD. pay attention to7. The rich man has money but friends.A. much, fewB. many, a fewC. many, fewD. much, a few8. Peter ______ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.A. mustB. mayC. canD. will9. --- Linda, when shall we take a walk?--- After I finish ___________ the dishes.A. washB. washedC. to washD. washing10. There isn't anything wrong with the radio, ______?A. is thereB. is itC. does itD. does thereSection B: 根据句意,选择合适的单词。
一、填空题(每题7分,共28分)1.今天是2012年4月7日,欢迎同学们参加“第二届全国学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)”。
请先计算20120407 除以11的余数是___________。
(张宇鹏老师供题)2.算式:11111201212450310062012×−+−+− 的计算结果是___________。
(齐志远老师供题)3.水泊梁山共聚108名将领,受招安后奉命征讨“方腊”(人名)。
征讨过程中战死将领占总人数的3554,征讨得胜后辞官将领占总人数的118,那么,队伍中还有___________名将领。
(董博聪老师供题)3.如图,是一个由2个半圆、2个扇形、1个正方形组成的“心型”。
已知半圆的直径为10,那么,“心型”的面积是___________。
(注:π取3.14 )(胡浩老师供题)二、填空题(每题9分,共36分)5.定义:A □B 为A 和B 乘积的约数个数,那么,1□8+2□7+3□6+4□5=___________。
(崔梦迪老师供题)6.由24个棱长为1的小正方体组成一个大的长方体,那么,组成后长方体的表面积最大为___________。
(刘斌老师供题)7.“2012A”是一个最简真分数,那么,满足条件的 有___________个。
(贺赓帆老师供题)8.在一个盛有部分水的长方体容器中,插有两根木棒,木棒露在外面的长度比是3∶7,当水面的高度升高10厘米后,木棒露在外面长度比变成2∶5。
当木棒露在外面长度比变成1∶3时,还需要升高_______厘米的水。
(郭忠秀老师供题)三、填空题(每题10分,共40分)9.下图为学而思标志中的字母“S”,被分成52个完全相同的小正方形。
那么,在右下图中共有___________个“”。
(注:“L”型可旋转)(李响老师供题)10.北京某水族馆饲养鲨鱼,偶数颗牙齿的鲨鱼总说实话,奇数颗牙齿的鲨鱼总说谎话。
一天,绿鲨鱼、蓝鲨鱼、紫鲨鱼、白鲨鱼在一起聊天。
启用前★绝密2016年第十届北京学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)英语试卷(五年级)考试时间:45分钟满分:100分一、听力答案:1-5:CBABA 6-10:CBCCA 11.B听力原文M: How nice these apples are! Those vegetables are fresh, too!W: Dad, I want some candies.M: Get some from the shelf.W: OK, that’s enough.M: Good! Now let’s go to pay for them.W: Where have you been, Tim?M: I’ve just been to the airport to see my sister off.W: Where has she gone?M: She’s gone to England. She’s going to study medicine in a university there.W: Will it be difficult for her?M: Yes, but she enjoys studying.请听一段对话,完成第5至第6小题。
M: May I help you, Madam?W: I’d like to buy a skirt to match this sweater.M: What about this one? It looks smart.W: I’d rather have something a bit softer.M: Well… What about this then? It’s really good, made of silk.W: Yes, this one feels much softer. Can I try it on?M: Certainly.二、听对话,根据对话内容,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。
2014年“学而思杯”五年级试题答案考试时间:45分钟满分:150分第一关视频问答(5分)1.(每空1分,共5分)答案:清明节;扫墓、踏青、放风筝等(任选两个);寒食节介子推第二关东学堂基础知识仓(21分)2.(每空3分,共9分)答案:wǎnɡ dài 焉3. (4分)答案:⑤①④③4.(4分)答案:A5.(4分)答案:A第三关东学堂文学积累库(42分)6.(每空2分,共20分)答案:儒家丘仲尼孟子(或“孟轲”)老子庄子老庄诸子百家(任意写三个就可以,后面是所有能想到的例子):韩非子、墨子、荀子、孙子、鬼谷子、列子、商鞅、申不害、慎到、许行、公孙龙子、惠子(惠施)、杨朱(杨子)、邹衍、吕不韦、苏秦、张仪、犀首。
7.(一句就可以,答案不得重复。
每句2分,共8分)答案:(一个标点符号算一句,下面涵盖了中小学必背古诗的所有答案,如有例外,随时沟通联系)(带“马”字就可以)铁马冰河入梦来;浅草才能没马蹄;古道西风瘦马;欲饮琵琶马上催;春风得意马蹄疾;不教胡马度阴山。
(带“鱼”字就可以)鱼戏莲叶间:鱼戏莲叶东,鱼戏莲叶西;鱼戏莲叶南,鱼戏莲叶北;桃花流水鳜鱼肥;怕得鱼惊不应人。
(带“荷”或者“莲”字就可以)接天莲叶无穷碧,映日荷花别样红;鱼戏莲叶东,鱼戏莲叶西;鱼戏莲叶南,鱼戏莲叶北;小荷才露尖尖角;(带“竹”字就可以)竹外桃花三两枝;入竹万竿斜;竹喧归浣女。
8.选择题。
(每题2分,共6分)⑴答案:A⑵答案:B⑶答案:B9.(每空2分,共8分)答案:⑴谦受益⑵温故而知新⑶巧言令色⑷舍生而取义者也第四关东学堂能力拓展营(17分)10.(每空2分,共6分)答案:①山珍海味——粗茶淡饭②流芳百世——遗臭万年③精雕细琢——粗制滥造11.(3分)答案:D12. (每空2分,共8分)(1)司马迁(2)文天祥——兵败被元军俘虏——《过零丁洋》;陶渊明——官场失意——《归园田居》;杜甫——国破家亡,长安沦陷,被俘——《春望》。
2013 年第三届全国学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)数学试卷(五年级)详解一.填空题(每题5 分,共20 分)1. 两个质数的和是9,那么这两个质数的乘积是.【考点】数论,质数性质【难度】☆【答案】14【分析】两质数和为奇数,必有偶质数2,另一质数为7,故答案为2 ⨯ 7 = 14 .2. 如右图,共有个正方形.【考点】组合,几何计数【难度】☆【答案】10【分析】1⨯1的正方形有4 个,2 ⨯ 2 的正方形有5 个,4 ⨯ 4 的正方形有1 个,共10 个.3. 学而思教研部一共购买了300 本书,其中有五分之二是数学书,三分之一是语文书,其余是英语书.那么,英语书共有本.【考点】应用题,分数应用题【难度】☆【答案】80【分析】300 ⨯ (1 - 2-1) = 300 - 120 - 100 = 80 (本).5 34. 如右图,正方形ABCD 边长为40 厘米,其中M、N、P、Q 为所在边的中点;分别以正方形的顶点为圆心,以边长的一半为半径做直角扇形,那么形成图中阴影部分的面积是平方厘米.(π取3.14)【考点】几何,圆与扇形面积【难度】☆☆【答案】344【分析】阴影面积的实质是整体减空白:边长40 厘米的正方形面积减去半径为20 厘米的圆的面积(4 个扇形刚好拼成一个整圆),故答案为402 - 3.14 ⨯ 202 = 400 ⨯ (4 - 3.14) = 344 平方厘米.5. 对一个大于1 的自然数进行如下操作:如果是偶数则除以2,如果是奇数则先减去1 再除以2,如此进行直到得数为1,操作停止.那么,所有经过3 次操作结果为1 的数中,最大的数是.【考点】数论,奇偶性,倒推【难度】☆☆【答案】15【分析】从1 向前倒推,寻找原数的最大值;但发现若上一步是偶数,则须本数⨯2 ;若上一步是奇数,则须本数⨯2 + 1 ;明显每次向前推出奇数可使原数更大,倒推过程为:1→3→7→15;故15 为原数的可能达到的最大值.6. 定义:∆( A, B,C, D) = A ⨯ 4 + B ⨯ 3 + C ⨯ 2 + D ⨯1 ,那么,∆(2, 0,1, 3) =_ .【考点】计算,定义新运算【难度】☆【答案】13【分析】按定义式,∆(2, 0,1,3) = 2 ⨯ 4 + 0 ⨯ 3 + 1⨯ 2 + 3 ⨯1 = 13 .7. 一项工程,由甲队单独做10 天后,乙队加入,甲、乙两队又合作了8 天完成;这项工程,如果全部由乙队单独做,20 天可以完成.那么,如果全部由甲队单独做,天可以完成.【考点】应用题,工程问题【难度】☆☆【答案】30【分析】把总工作量看做单位“1”,则乙队的工作效率为每天做120,故可在甲乙合作的条件中求出甲队的工作效率为每天做(1 - 1⨯ 8) ÷ (10 + 8) =3÷18 =1;故答案为30.20 5 308. 如右图,大正方体的棱长为2 厘米,两个小正方体的棱长均为1厘米,那么,组合后整个立体图形的表面积为平方厘米.【考点】几何,立体几何,表面积【难度】☆☆【答案】32【分析】三个立方体原总表面积为12 ⨯ 6 + 12 ⨯ 6 + 22 ⨯ 6 = 36 平方厘米,之后放在一起时缺失了4 个1⨯1 的表面,故答案为36 - 12 ⨯ 4 = 32 平方厘米;或者可用三视图法求表面积:(5 + 5 + 6) ⨯ 2 = 32 平方厘米.9.甲、乙、丙 3 人共有 2013 块巧克力,甲拿走了乙、丙各 3 块巧克力后,甲、乙、丙 3 人的巧克 力数比为 4: 2: 5 ,那么,甲原.有.【考点】应用题,比例应用题 【难度】☆☆☆ 【答案】726块巧克力.【分析】之后甲的巧克力块数易由 3 人的块数比求得,为 2013 ⨯732 - 3 ⨯ 2 = 726 块.4 4 + 2 + 5= 732 块,故甲原有巧克力10. 在 5×5 的方格中,将其中的一些小方格染成红色,使得对于图中任意的2×2 的方格中,均有至少 1 个小方格是红色的.那么,至少要将个小方格染成红色. 【考点】组合,构造与论证 【难度】☆☆ 【答案】4【分析】论证:为了保证 4 个角上的互不重叠的 4 个 2 ⨯ 2 的方格中都至少有 1个红色方格,可知答案必不小于 4; 构造:如右图,4 是可能的; 综上,答案为 4.11. 一个五位数,各.位.数.字.互.不.相.同.,并且满足:从左往右,第一位是 2 数是 3 的倍数,前三位组成的三位数是 5 的倍数,前四位组成的四位数是 7 的倍数,这个五位数 是 11 的倍数.那么,这个五位数最小是 .【考点】数论,整除特征,最值 【难度】☆☆☆ 【答案】21076【分析】考虑最值确定各位数字:万位是 2 的倍数,故万位最小应为 2; 前两位组成的数是 3 的倍数,故前两位最小应为 21; 前三位组成的数是 5 的倍数,故前三位最小应为 210;前四位组成的数是 7 的倍数,最小为 2100,但要求各位数字不同,故应为 2107; 这个五位数是 11 的倍数,故此数应为 21076.12. 右边的乘法竖式中,相.同.汉字代表相.同.数字,不.同.汉字代表不.同.数字,那么,“大自然”代表的三位数是.【考点】数论,数字谜【难度】☆☆☆☆【答案】958我爱大自然⨯ 4 大自然爱我【分析】由个位可知“我”为偶数,再分析最高位即可知“我”只能为2;故“然”为3 或8;(还可分析知五个汉字所代表的数字之和必为3 的倍数,这个小结论可以辅助之后的分析)若“然”= 8,①则分析万位知“大”只能为9,故千位“爱”乘以4 后向万位进1,可知“爱”为3 或4;②若“爱”= 4,此时十位:“自⨯4 + 3 ”的末位数字为4,这表示“自⨯4 ”的末位数字为1,奇偶性矛盾!故确定“爱”只能为3;③若“爱”= 3,此时十位:“自⨯4 + 3 ”的末位数字为3,这表示“自⨯4 ”的末位数字为0,“自”为0或5;若“自”= 0,千位要接受进位8,这不可能;若“自”= 5,则有答案23958 ⨯ 4 = 95832 ;若“然”= 3,①分析万位知“大”为9 或8;②若“大”= 9,则千位“爱”乘以4 后向万位进1,可知“爱”只能为4;此时十位:“自⨯4 + 1 ”的末位数字为4,这表示“自⨯4 ”的末位数字为3,奇偶性矛盾!故知只能“大”= 8;③若“大”= 8,分析十位可知“爱”为奇数,再分析千位可知“爱”= 1;④此时无论十位的“自”为0 还是为5,式子的百位和千位都是错误的(21803 ⨯ 4 = 80312 错误;21853 ⨯ 4 = 85312 错误),故知“然”= 3 时无解;综上,本数字谜只有唯一解:23958 ⨯ 4 = 95832 ,本题答案为958.四.填空题(每题8 分,共32 分)13. 有A、B、C、D、E、F 六个人围坐在圆桌吃饭,A 会讲英语,1B 会讲汉语、英语和法语,C 会讲汉语、英语和德语,D 会讲6 2汉语和德语,E 会讲汉语,F 会讲法语和德语.如果每个人都能与他相邻的两个人交流,那么,共有种不同的排座位方式.(经过旋转、对称后重合的方式不.算.做.一.种.)【考点】组合,逻辑推理 5 3【难度】☆☆☆4【答案】24【分析】本题突破口在于A,由于A 只会说英语,英语也只有A、B、C 三人会说,故座位顺序中必然有紧邻的BAC(或CAB),此时分析F 可知F 必须与B 或C 中的一个相邻,E 必须在D、F 的中间;综上,得到两种圆排列方式:①BACEDF;②BACFDE;每种圆排列方式都有旋转、对称的12 种排座方式,故答案为12 ⨯ 2 = 24 种.⎨ ⎩ Q14. A 、B 两地相距 120 千米.甲、乙从 A 地,丙从 B 地同时出发,相向而行.当甲、丙相遇时,乙行了 20 千米.甲到达 B 地后立即原路返回,当乙、丙相遇在途中 C 地时,甲也恰好到达 C 地. 那么,当丙到达 A 地时,乙共行了 千米.【考点】行程问题,比例法解行程问题 【难度】☆☆☆ 【答案】72【分析】本题关键点在于甲丙速度之和与乙的速度之比为 120 : 20 = 6 :1 ;设甲、乙、丙三人到达 C 点⎧z + y = 120时各走了 x 、y 、z 千米,则有方程组:⎪x - z = 120,解得 y = 3 (可以解出 x 、y 、z 的具体值, ⎪(x + z ) : y = 6 :1 z 5但其实不必要);故丙走了 120 千米时,乙走了120 ⨯ 3= 72 千米.515. 如右图,三角形 ABC 是直角三角形,M 是斜边 BCA 的中点,MNPQ 是正方形,N 在 AB 上,P 在 AC 上. NP如果,AB 的长度是 12 厘米,AC 的长度是 8 厘米. 那么,正方形 MNPQ 的面积是 平方厘米.Q【考点】几何,面积,弦图 BMC【难度】☆☆☆ 【答案】20【分析】如下图,过 M 点作 AB 的垂线,垂足为 D ;以 AD 为外围正方形的一边,做出以 MNPQ 为内含正方形的弦图,;则 MD 为△ABC 的中位线, MD = AC = 4cm , AD = AB= 6cm ;故弦图中外2 2围正方形边长为 6cm , AN = MD = 4cm , DN = 6 - 4 = 2cm ;故所求面积为 62 - 2 ⨯ 4⨯ 4 = 20cm 2 .2AANP NPDD FBMCMQE16. 有一个自然数A,它的平方有9 个约数,老师把9 个约数写在9 张卡片上,发给学学三张、思思三张.学学说:“我手中的三个数乘积是A3 .”思思说:“我手中的三个数乘积就是A2 ,而且我知道你手中的三个数和是625.”那么,思思手中的三个数和是.【考点】数论,约数个数定理,幻方【难度】☆☆☆☆☆【答案】55【分析】A2 有9 个约数,故由约数个数定理可逆推出:A 的质因数分解形式为p4 或pq (p、q 为不相同的质数);若A = p4 ,那么可把A2 的9 个约数写成如下的表格形式(幻方):学学手中必拿到了一行或一列或一条对角线;思思手中拿到的可能是(1、p 、p7 )(1、p2 、p6 )(1、p3 、p5 )(p 、p2 、p5 )(p 、p3 、p4 );只有后两组才能确定学学手中的牌,但后两组所确定的数需要1 + p4 + p8 = 625 或1 + p5 + p7 = 625 ,可是这两种情况p 均无解;故知A 的质因数分解形式不能为p4 ,只能为pq ;若A = pq ,那么可把A2 的9 个约数写成如下的表格形式思思手中拿到的可能是(1、p 、pq2 )(1、q 、p2 q )(1、p2 、q2 )(p 、q 、pq );经分析可知,只有当思思拿到(p、q、pq)时,才一定能确定学学手中的牌,此时学学手中的牌为(1、p2 q 、pq2 ),故1 + p2 q + pq2 = 625 ,(可用枚举法,或因数分析)解得A 的两个质因数p、q 为3 和13,故思思手中的牌为(3、13、39),所求答案为3 + 13 + 39 = 55 .五. 解答题(每题 8 分,共 16 分)17. 计算:(1) 0.27 ⨯103 + 0.19 (4 分)(2) 2013⨯ 2.3+ 201 3÷ 0.4 - 2013 ⨯ 1(4 分) 10 4 【考点】计算、巧算 【难度】☆☆ 【答案】28;4697【分析】(1)原式 = 0.27 ⨯100 + (0.27 ⨯ 3 + 0.19) = 27 + 1 = 28 ;(2)原式 = 2013 ⨯ 7 + 2013 ÷ 4 - 2013 ÷ 4 = 2013 ⨯ 7= 4697 .3 318. 解方程:(1) 4(2x - 1) - 3(x - 2) = 7 (4 分) (2) 2 x + 5 = 4 x - 7 (4 分) 3 5【考点】计算、解方程【难度】☆☆ 【答案】 x = 1 ; x = 23【分析】(1)注意去第 2 个括号时要变号;原方程化为: 8x - 4 - 3x + 6 = 7 ,即 5x = 5 ,解得 x = 1 ;(2)通分,原方程化为:5(2x + 5) = 3(4x - 7) ,即10x + 25 = 12x - 21 ,即 2x = 46 ,解得 x = 23 .六.解答题(每题 15 分,共 30 分)19. 如图,将 1、2、3……按规律排成一个沙漏型的数表,那么,12 13 14 15上 3 行(1)下 5 行从左向右数的第 5 个数是多少?(4 分) (2)上 6 行最左边的数是多少?(4 分)(3)2013 排在哪一行的从左向右数的第多少个?(7 分) 【考点】计算、数列与数表6 7 82 3 1 5 4 11 10 9上 2 行 上 1 行 0 行下 1 行下 2 行 【难度】☆☆☆☆【答案】37;42;上 44 行从左向右第 34 个19 18 17 16下3 行【分析】(1)下 n 行从左向右第 (n + 1) 个数(即最右数)为 (n + 1)2 ;故下 5 行从左向右第 6 个数为 36,下 5 行从左向右第 5 个数为 37;(2)上 n 行从左向右第 1 个数(即最左数)为 n (n + 1) ;故上 6 行最左数为 42; (3)上 44 行从左向右第 1 个数为 44 ⨯ 45 = 1980 ,故 2013 为上 44 行从左向右第2013 - 1980 + 1 = 34 个数.20. 思思编了一个计算机程序,在屏幕上显示所有由0、1、2、3 组成的四位编码(数字可以重复使用),每个四位编码都是红、黄、蓝、绿四种颜色中的一种.并且,如果两个编码的每一位数字均不相同,那么这两个编码的颜色也不相同.如果,0000 是红色的、1000 是黄色的、2000 是蓝色的,那么:(1)下列编码中,一定不是红色的是()(2 分)A. 0102B. 0312C. 2222D. 0123(2)编码3111 是什么颜色的?(5 分)(3)编码2013 是什么颜色的?(8 分)【考点】组合,构造与论证【难度】☆☆☆☆【答案】C;绿色;蓝色【分析】(1)2222 与0000 的每一位数字均不相同,故2222 一定不是红色的,选C;(2)3111 与0000、1000、2000 的每一位数字均不相同,故3111 不是红色的,不是黄色的,也不是蓝色的,故3111 是绿色的;(3)0222 与1000、2000、3111 的每一位数字均不相同,故0222 是红色的;1222 与0000、2000、3111 的每一位数字均不相同,故1222 是黄色的;3222 与0000、1000、2000 的每一位数字均不相同,故3222 是绿色的;2013 与0222、1222、3222 的每一位数字均不相同,故2013 是蓝色的.。
2016年第十届学而思综合能力测评(学而思杯)语文试卷答案及解析(五年级)1.C(4分)【解析】A项应为“知足常乐”,剔(tī);B项应为“投机钻营”D项为“枷(jiā)锁”2.D(4分)【解析】A项“安”的第四笔为“撇点”。
B项“母”的第三笔为“点”。
C项“为”的第二笔是“撇”。
D项“里”的第五笔“竖”。
3.D(4分)【解析】A斤斤计较:指对无关紧要的事过分计较。
B洁身自好:保持自己纯洁,不同流合污。
也指怕招惹是非,只顾自己好,不关心公众事情。
C心如止水:意指心里平静得像不动的水一样。
形容坚持信念,不受外界影响。
D心力交瘁:精神和体力都极度劳累。
4.B(4分)【解析】要求我们剔除求名贪财之心,心底坦荡是“少私”的要求。
5.道家;老庄;《庄子》/《南华经》/《南华真经》;东施效颦;涸辙之鲋。
(每个1分,共5分)6.三人行,必有我师焉。
舍生而取义者也。
(每个2分,共6分)7.①退避三舍;逃亡/流亡;交兵/作战/打仗;30/三十(每个2分,共8分)②C(4分)【解析】“勾践灭吴”出自《国语》,“鸿门宴”出自《史记》。
8.B(4分)【解析】《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史。
9.C(4分)【解析】A项语气太严厉,有些不礼貌;B项“府上”只用于称对方的家;D项作为对一位老菜农的问话,应该说“黄瓜多少钱一斤”,C项里的王老师、马医生的对话符合知识分子说话的口吻。
10.重耳逃亡到楚国(1分),楚成王以接待国君礼节接待他,并盛宴款待(或者答楚成王隆重地接待了他)(1分)。
楚成王问重耳回国后将如何报答自己(2分),重耳回答说将维护两国友好(2分),如果不幸交战,自己将下令将士退避三舍(或后退90里)。
(1分)11.①沉着冷静,不慌不乱(意思相近即可,1分),本文指儿子参加演讲比赛时表面的沉着冷静。
(1分)②肆意妄行,一点顾忌都没有(意思相近即可,1分),本文指“我”的眼泪流得毫无顾忌。
(1分)12.母亲希望“我”能借一只手给她(2分),为她女儿鼓掌,不让她太孤单。