2011上海市浦东新区高三二模英语卷

2011上海市英语各区二模答案卢湾Section A1-5 BDCCD 6-10 DBBDBSection B11-13 BAA 14-16 BCDSection C17. 1808 18. toilet 19. leaking 20. three-day21. angry customers 22. transferred to Boston23. Early next month 24. location and reputationII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D33. C 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. ASection B41. H 42. E 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. F 47. B 48. I49. GIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A50-54 CBCBD 55-59 BABCB 60-64 AACDCSection B65-68 DBDC 69-71 BCD 72-75 DDBASection C76-80 FECADSection D81. she received words of praise from that father82. earn / win / make friends all over the world/from all parts of the world83. Praise is a sort of spiritual reward for our work./Praise is a sort of recognition of our work.84. To tell us to take every chance to praise others第II卷（45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 分值：3分词的用法（形容词的固定搭配，比较级固定句型）低碳生活日益受到年轻人的推崇。

2011高三阶段测试卷听力略Ⅱ. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Since it is expected that Fed will cut interest rate again, there is no doubt ___the company will make the decision on raising the price of crude oil.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when26. It was believed by the ancient Egyptians that intellect was to the mind ___sight was to the body.A. whatB. soC. thatD.like27. ___I sympathize with those who have gone bankrupt, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties, especially when the U.S. economy has moved into a recession.A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even28. The progress of the patient who had been seriously injured in the Wengchuan earthquake was very encouraging as he could ___ get out of bed without help.A. nearlyB. hardlyC. merelyD. barely29. It was said that Bill Clinton was___to tell the truth that he had had an "inappropriate relationship" with Monica Lewinsky even to his closest friend.A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward30. Considering that she did her work___her manager had instructed, it was improper to criticize her.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though31. ___of the twins, who were famous for their sci-fi film Matrix, was arrested by NYPD on patrol at midnight, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All32. For some time now, world leaders___ out the necessity for agreement on climate change, the world economy and African development.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed 33. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where34. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners made in Shanghai in our apartment, ___should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they35. AIDS is said ___ the number-one killer of both men and women over the pastfew years in that poverty-stricken region where no medical services are available.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been36. The poor mother loved her baby so much that she managed to save___she could out of her wages to take care of it.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money37. Woman ___ Hillary Clinton is, she was bold enough to participate in the presidential campaign, 2008.A. whoB. asC. thatD. like38. The experiment on the monkey to test the new drug, which has already been advertised on TV, requires more money than___.A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in39. ___for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not40. “What courses are you going to take next semester if you want to receive enough credits to get your degree?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.”A. I’ d decideB. I decidedC. I decid eD. I’m decidingSection BDirections: complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual ___41___ and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind,wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others __42__ his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding __43___ with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to __44__ rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another,since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work,i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, __45__ that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage __46__ a hindrance（妨碍，阻碍）, but this skillis in many ways a luxury that he can do away with. It is, __47___ ,desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to __48___how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same __49__ to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not matter. There are many other skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Dae Jang Geum (《大长今》) is a hot new Korean TV series. Because of this series, my personal status and living standard have been greatly degraded. My girlfriend used to cook every evening. Well, now she does nothing but _50_ in front of the TV when she’s not at work, and commands me, “You —go to make some instant noodles. Come and watch the play and just imagine we are enjoying Korean _51_.”She also swears to learn all Korean dishes in Dae Jang Geum. So she orders me to _52_ the TV and record any details of Jang Geum’s cooking. But when she pres ented her version of Korean food, it is like the dog-meal. “You can _53_ get things done if you find the right tools”, my girlfriend blamed her clumsy (笨拙的) kitchen performances on _54_. So I decided to _55_ her a new kitchen knife. In a store, she became unusually patient when making her selection. She finally picked one that was _56_ Jang Geum’s. To prove that her slow knife skill was due to the blunt (钝的) knives, she _57_ her cutting. As a result, she hurt her fingers three times. Fortunately the knife is not _58_ the salesman boasts.My girlfriend is a fan of Jang Geum’s Korean _59_. Not only did she talk about the dress every day, she also threatened to change my tie into a butterfly knot like the one on Jang Geum’s dress. Finally, I lost my patience and took her to a maternity shop (孕妇专卖店) where I recommend one suit to her, “Do you think it looks like a Korean dress?” _60_, my future parents-in-law just happened to be shopping at the time. They were _61_ when they saw what we were doing.The Dae Jang Geum series _62_ realizing the ambition of the youth. However, it fails to realize my girlfriend’s. _63_ being engaged in her work or study, she simply sits on the sofa every night, staring at the TV, a bag of chips in her hand. This situation has _64_ even though the series is now over.50. A. stand B. lie C. seat D. sit51. A. fruit B. vegetables C. dishes D. cakes52. A. stand for B. go by C. pass by D. stand by53. A. easily B. hardly C. difficultly D. carefully54. A. her forks B. her spoons C. her knives D. her pans55. A. buy B. borrow C. lend D. fetch56. A. better than B. the closest shape of C. sharper than D. taken from57. A. speeded up B. slowed down C. brought down D. improved58. A. as fast as B. as dull as C. as slow as D. as sharp as59. A. diet style B. dish flavor C. dressing style D. cooking style60. A. Coincidently B. Disappointedly C. Fortunately D. Excitedly61. A. very puzzled B. pretty satisfied C. very pleased D. pretty shocked62. A. shoots at B. aims at C. directs at D. works at63. A. In spite of B. Because of C. Instead of D. In case of64. A. changed little B. turned a lot C. developed a little D. improved a lotSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, you could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, youhave something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.65. What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”?A. You’ll certainly get what you want.B. It’s no use dreaming.C. You should be dissatisfied with what you have.D. It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.66. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________.A. an illustration of how to write an application for a jobB. an indication of how to secure a good jobC. a guideline for job descriptionD. a principle for job evaluation67. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because ________.A. that is the first step to please the employerB. that is the requirement of the employerC. it enables him to know when to sell his servicesD. it forces him to become clearly aware of himself(B)Birds that are literally half asleep--with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping--control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks. Earlier studies have documented half brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end of the row sleepers. Sure enough, in the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.Also, birds dozing(打盹) at the end of the line resorted to single hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four duck row, the researchers found outer birds half asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots."We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain，"the researchers say.The results provide the best evidence for a long standing supposition that single hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference foropening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds dozing side by side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror side eye closed as if the reflection were companion and the other eye stayed open.Useful as half sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water mammals(哺乳动物) as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half brain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg (冰山)" He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.68. A new study on birds' sleep has revealed that ________ .A. half brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birdsB. half brain sleep is characterized by slow brain wavesC. birds can control their half brain sleep consciouslyD. birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest69. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ________ .A. they have to watch out for possible attacksB. their brain hemispheres take turns to restC. the two halves of their brain are differently structuredD. they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions70. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that ________.A. the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespreadB. birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of securityC. even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of securityD. a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror71. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to ________ . A. alert themselves to the approaching enemyB. emerge from water now and then to breatheC. be sensitive to the ever changing environmentD. avoid being swept away by rapid currents(C)A nine year old schoolgirl single handedly cooks up a science fair experiment that ends up debunking(揭穿……的真相) a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa's target was a practice known as therapeutic(治疗的) touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients' "energy field"to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily's test shows that these energy fields can't be detected, even by trained TT practitioners (行医者). Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, "Age doesn't matter. It's good science that matters, and this is good science."Emily's mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late '80s, when she learned itwas on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U. S.) don't even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient's body, pushing energy fields around unt il they’re in "balance." TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve Pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $ 70 an hour, to smooth patients' energy, sometimes during surgery. Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing--something they haven't been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He's had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fou rth grader? Says Emily: “I think they didn't take me very seriously because I'm a kid."The experiment was straight forward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs left or right and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they'd done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they couldn't feel it.72. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A. TT has been in existence for decades.B. Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C. TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D. More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.73. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ________.A. they didn't take the offer seriouslyB. they didn't want to risk their careerC. they were unwilling to reveal their secretD. they thought it was not in line with their practice74. The purpose of Emily Rosa's experiment was ________.A. to see why TT could work the way it didB. to find out how TT cured patients' illnessesC. to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD. to test whether a human energy field really existed75. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emil's experiment?A. It involved nothing more than mere guessing.B. They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C. It was more straightforward than other experiments.D. They sensed no harm in a little girl's experiment.Section CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. How screen readers deal with multimedia web pagesB. The benefit screen readers bring to blind peopleC. What is necessary for blind people surfing onlineD. Solution to the case of weak eye-sighted peopleE. The working principle of screen readersF. The shortcomings of browsing the net with a screen reader76. _________Turning off the monitor and removing the mouse soon makes a web developer aware of the problems that arise when browsing web pages without vision. Speech output is essential (and/or Braille) in order for those who cannot see the text and pictures to be able to access the content.77. __________Screen readers use synthesized（合成的）speech and Braille is provided through a series of pins that move up and down (refreshable) as part of a Braille device which sit alongside a keyboard. Screen readers tell the user about all aspects of the page and all navigational links as well as menu items.78. _________They are verbose（冗长的）and tiring to listen to. A new user may only be able to cope with speeds of around 150 words per minute but an accomplished user has the speed set at around 250 - 300 words per minute, this is similar to average reading speeds. However, we do not read all that is on a web page and scanning or skipping items is the norm but with a screen reader thisis not always possible unless the site has been regularly visited. Too many navigational elements, often repeated on all pages can be very time consuming.79. _________Multimedia is often a problem but for example, if there are accessible MP3 players available, new versions of screen readers will often re-format the web pages to make them readable, and provide separate lists for links and other navigational aids to speed the process. They cope better with frames and tables but only if they are written correctly.80. _________People with weak eyesight may have a restricted field of view, problems with reading small or moving elements, and recognizing text with poor contrast or color choices. They may require screen magnification, better color contrast or glare filters. Screen magnification programs are used to enlarge text and pictures and can also provide focus within a small area with an enlarged cursor or pointer.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.(本大题做在答题纸上)Libraries everywhere in the world have always been people’s only access to important sources of information. This historical function of libraries has worked out for centuries and has made libraries a necessity to people. Now, that function has been called into question by the fast development of digital media over the past several decades. In order to continue to hold the public interest, libraries everywhere are forced to develop means of granting access to these expensive new services to average people.In the past, the publishing industry maintained the rights of libraries to freely provide published materials on the condition that libraries bought so many of their books. Since the new electronic publications can easily be copied in their completeness by the library readers, the publishing industry is reconsidering its former support of the library system. There have even been attempts to stop libraries from delivering digital media.In addition to the reluctant cooperation of the publishing industry, there is the problem that the newer forms of information are much more specialized than those which they replace. Deciding how to transfer already limited resources is increasingly difficult as there are more methods. While a single reference index(索引) might have covered an entire field in the past, now there are frequently several specialized indexes available in electronic form. Above all, in order to continue to make use of the newer technology, libraries must decide which kinds of material are most useful to the majority of their readers. There are many different solutions being applied, but only the process of trial and error will help find out the most effective method. （Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS）81. What has been called into question?82. In the past, publishers cooperate with libraries because ______________.83. The most important way to use the new technology is to determine ________84. According to the passage, how can best solutions be found?第II 卷(共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这个主意听起来很好，可是做起来行得通吗？(sound)2. 如果你怀疑有煤气泄漏，请不要开电灯。

2011高考卷上海英语试卷一、听力部分（共30分）Section A（110）听对话，选择最佳答案。

1. What does the man mean?A. He doesn't like the gift.B. He appreciates the gift.C. He wants to return the gift.2. What is the woman's occupation?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.C. A nurse.3. Why is the man late for the meeting?A. He got stuck in traffic.B. He forgot about the meeting.C. He overslept.4. What will the woman do next?A. Go to the library.B. Attend a party.C. Watch a movie.5. What does the man suggest?A. Eating out.B. Cooking at home.C. Ordering takeout.Section B（1120）听短文，选择最佳答案。

6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Environmental protection.B. Public transportation.C. Traffic congestion.7. According to the passage, what is the purpose of the new policy?A. To reduce air pollution.B. To improve road conditions.C. To promote public transportation.8. Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Building more parking lots.B. Encouraging carpooling.C. Developing bikesharing programs.9. What is the author's attitude towards the new policy?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Critical.10. What will the city government do next?A. Invest in subway construction.B. Raise the price of gasoline.C. Limit the number of private cars.Section C（2130）听长对话，选择最佳答案。

1. Over several thousand years of development, Chinese medicine has attracted great attentionits unique and marvelous effects.A. toB. inC. onD. for2. To know more about the British Museum, one can use the Internet or go to the library, or.A. neitherB. someC. allD. both3. —Will you attend the ceremony tomorrow?—What ceremony? I informed of anything about it.A. wasn‟tB. haven‟t beenC. hadn‟t beenD. won‟t be4. No conclusion about whether to tear down the old buildings for a theme park until several discussions have been made.A. will be reachedB. is reachedC. is being reachedD. had been reached5. Talking on the phone for over 30 minutes be as harmful as listening to music at high volume through headphones for over an hour.A. mustB. shallC. canD. should6. The primary purpose of education is not to teach you to earn your bread, but every mouthful sweeter.A. makingB. makeC. madeD. to make7. in extra-curricular activities gives students many priceless lifelong skills that will be valuable to them forever.A. Being involvedB. InvolvingC. To involveD. Involve8. Some 350,000 people have reportedly been left homeless and are staying in shelters, anxiouslynews of friends and relatives.A. awaitB. awaitingC. awaitedD. having awaited9. with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to the job market with much confidence.A. To be equippedB. EquippingC. EquippedD. Being equipped10. Don‟t set yourself up for failure. Your chances of achieving your goals are much betterThey‟re realistic.A. sinceB. unlessC. ifD. as11. not all school subjects can be applied directly to your job in the future, they may have indirect value.A. AlthoughB. AsC. WhenD. As though12. As we all know, the start of a new year is the perfect time to think about you want to accomplish.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how13. —It‟s reported that a new underground line has been completed.—Yes, but it has n‟t been made clear it‟s to be open to traffic.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. who14. People hold the view that life is 10% what happens to us and 90% we respond to it.A. whyB. howC. whenD. what15. The most destructive element in the human mind is fear. Only when we are no longer afraidto live.A. we are beginningB. begin weC. do we beginD. we begin16. Raising children is said to be a job parents receive the least formal training.A. in whichB. for whichC. whereD. thatA. dislikeB. satisfyC. centerD. familiarE. understandingF. roleG. honoringH. frightenedI. improvedJ. strictArt museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular “design museum”that are opening today, however, perform quite a different 1 . Unlike most art museums, the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the2 of the hall.People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales—It is the 3 of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel 4 with the exhibits. Unlike the average art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel 5 or puzzled. This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work, and how design has 6 the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their7 .In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried to 8 the public‟s growing interest in the field with new ideas. London‟s Design Museum, for example, show a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museum seem far less 9 than those to art museum.III. Reading ComprehensionIf you want your child to have perfect pitch(音高) like musical masters Mozart and Chopin, then start them early on Mandarin(普通话) or Vietnamese lessons. The possibility of developing perfect pitch seems to be strongly 1 to the language people speak, confirming that children can 2 the ability when they are very young.Estimates suggest that perfect pitch is very 3 in the US and Europe, with only about 1 in 10,000 people being 4 to hear a single tone and identify it as middle C, 5 . But it is slightly more common in people who start musical straining under five.Also, a 2008 study by psychologist Diana Deutsch of the University of California, San Diego, showed that perfect pitch is 6 is Chinese music students who speak Mandarin. Mandarin, like Cantonese and Vietnamese, is a tonal language(声调语言) in which the pitch of a spoken word is essential to its meaning. “In my experience, musicians in China don‟t regard perfect pitch as anything 7 because it‟s very common,” says Deutsch.To find out if Chinese people have a genetic 8 ,Deutsch‟s team tested 203 music students for perfect pitch --- they had to identify all 36 notes(音调) from three octaves(八度音阶) played in 9 order. Those tested included 27 ethnic Chinese and Vietnamese students who had 10 levels of fluency in the tonal language learned from their parents.It 11 that the Asian students scored no better than white students 12 they weren‟t fluent in their parents‟ language. But very fluent students scored highly, getting about 90 percent of the notes correct on average. “They did incredibly well. It was overwhelming,” says Deutsch.This suggests that 13 a tonal language plays a far greater role in perfect pitch than14 . “Is really looks as though infants should 15 perfect pitch if they are given the opportunity to attach verbal labels to musical notes at the age when they learn speech,” concludes Deutsch.1. A. exposed B. linked C. devoted D. accustomed2. A. use up B. take up C. pick up D. bring up3. A. normal B. different C. obvious D. rare4. A. ready B. anxious C. able D. curious5. A. for example B. by the way C. as well D. in addition6. A. important B. common C. impossible D. practical7. A. remarkable B. mysterious C. intelligent D. productive8. A. reverse B. random C. logical D. correct9. A. different B. similar C. high D. average10. A. figured out B. turned out C. made out D. found out11. A. because B. unless C. if D. though12. A. learning B. comparing C. teaching D. processing13. A. ages B. nationalities C. genes D. races14. A. prefer B. manage C. overcome D. acquire(A)Heading off to college this year? Here are some fashion tips from our experts you should keep in mind:Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your professional network. You don‟t need to dress like you‟re going to the office, but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put together.”Logo mania(标志狂热)：Wearing the logos of brands aimed at younger customers physically identifies you as part of that age group, so consider the targeted age group of the stores you shop at. It‟s tempting to load up on logos, especially well-known logos that signify high-end brands. But consider this: college is a time of self-discovery, a chance to develop your own personal style. Instead of wearing logos head to toe, “walking advertisement” style, why not express who you really are?Wear real pants! The combination of leggings(紧身裤) and baggy shirts is all too common on college campuses. Smith point out that leggings, yoga pants, and sweatpants are entirely unacceptable in public unless you‟re exercising, Although leggings worn as pants are a common trend among high school and college girls, they are not an appropriate choice for daywear. As a young woman, your style choice should begin to reflect your maturity level. So, get rid of leggings and wear real pants!Keep the cute factor to a minimum: Stay away from sweaters and T-shirts with smiling animals, cartoon characters, or Hello Kitty on them. Sure, kittens might be cute, but they‟re notdoing you any favors in the style department. Dressing too cutesy(故意讨人喜爱的) can take years off your look, and not necessarily in a good way!1. The second paragraph indicates the importance of .A. impressing professorsB. getting on well with classmatesC. creating a professional imageD. dressing appropriately2. The author recommends wearing real pants because .A. leggings are too commonB. yoga pants and sweatpants are not comfortableC. real pants can present you with appropriate maturityD. people like real pants better than the other pants3. What‟s the writer‟s attitude towards sweaters with animals on them?A. They make people look lovely.B. They are fashionable.C. They will show you‟re an animal lover.D. They are not suitable for college-aged students.4. In which magazine are you most likely to find this passage?A. Business Week.B. Parenting.C. In style.D. Travel&Leisure.(B)One of the unsung benefits of our wired world is that for years, the most famous universities have been posting complete courses on the Web, tuition free. We have access to lectures, syllabuses(课程提纲)，exams, charts, diagrams, whole textbooks even-all in the name of the Open Course Ware movement that took off in the United States when the Massachusetts Institute of Technology began uploading classroom materials without charge in 2002. Now you practically need a full-time course adviser to help you with the choices. That‟s where we come in. Our writer, David Hochman, spent thirty days learning all he could through on-line lectures. Here are a few of his favorite teachers and his picks from the courses they teach.Marian C. Diamond, UC Berkeley, General Human Anatomy: The Human Brain and Muscular System. Says Hochman, “I stayed up past midnight absorbed in Diamond‟s simple yet amazing descriptions of what body parts do. “This mass weights only three pounds,‟ she says, holding a human brain, …yet it can imagine a universe a billion light-years across. Now is n‟t that extraordinary?‟ My brain certainly thought so.”Paul Bloom, Yale University, Introduction to Psychology; Evolution, Emotion, and Reason; Emotions, Part I. What do your dreams mean? Can apes learn sign language? Why can‟t we tickle ourselves? According to Open Yale Courses, this course tries to answer these questions and many others, providing a comprehensive description of the scientific study of thought and behavior.Michael Sandel, Harvard University, The Morality of Murder: (Part 1) The Moral Side of Murder, (Part 2) The Case For Cannibalism. A thousand students regularly pack themselves into a lecture Hall at Harvard to hear Sandel‟s course on justice, one of the most popular in the school‟s history. In this lecture, Sandel looks at difficult moral dilemmas(困境) involving choices we might one day make about life and death.Richard Feynman, Cornell University, Law of Gravitation. Says Hochman, “Maybe it‟s his cheerful New York accent, but the physicist makes the great principles of motion, energy, and, indeed, quantum mechanics(量子力学) seem down-to earth. …Even the artists appreciate the sunsets and the ocean waves and the march of the stars across the heavens,‟ he says beforeexplaining the law of gravitation.”5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. David Hochman needs a full-time course adviser.B. Paul Bloom students human thought and behavior.C. Michael Sandel‟s New York accent appeals to many artists.D. Marian C. Diamond often stays up past midnight, absorbed in descriptions of what bodyparts do.6. If you are interested in justice, you will probably choose .A. Michael SandelB. Richard FeynmanC. Paul BloomD. Marian C. Diamond7. The purpose of this passage is to .A. help readers to make choices of on-line free coursesB. honor well-received online teachers and their coursesC. introduce some famous universitiesD. introduce the Open Course Ware movement(B)It takes two to duet(二重唱), and one question for scientists is how these coordinated(协调的) performances arise—in birds. Are they the result of cooperation, a way in which one pair signals to others that they‟ve got it together? Or are they result of conflict, evolving to avoid one partner‟s song interfering with the other‟s?A study of duetting in Peruvian warbling antbirds(蚁鸟) suggests that it might be a little of both, and that context is everything. Joseph A. Tobias and Nathalie Seddon of the University of Oxford show in Current Biology that sexual conflict can cause the female of a pair that normally cooperates to “jam” the male‟s song by singing over it.The researchers exposed antbird pairs to recorded songs of others antbirds and monitored the songs the pairs produced. In one experiment, they played the songs of an intruding pair. In this case, the resident pair “both are likely to lose their territory, so both should cooperate,” Dr. Tobias said. And they do. They produce a coordinated duet that in effect tells the intruders to keep away.But when the researchers played the song of a single female, the pair behaved differently. “you‟d expect the resident female to the be highly motivated to defend her position in the partnership,” Dr. Tobias said. And that‟s what occurs. The male sings its heart out, flirting(调情) with the single female, and the female of the pair does its best to interfere with the song by singing over it, apparently to make her mate less attractive to the other female.“It‟s clear that the male doesn‟t like what she‟s doing,” Dr. Tobias said. The behavior “breaks up what is otherwise a very cooperative situation into a more complicated signal,” he added.It‟s the first evidence of this kind of signal jamming among pairs, Dr. Tobias said.And in that it leads the male to alter its song to avoid the female‟s interfering notes, it shows that this kind of conflict could, over a long period, drive the evolution of coordinated song.1. What is key factor of antbirds‟ duet ?A. Their cooperation.B. Their conflict.C. The context.D. Their instinct.2. How did the researchers conduct the experiment?A. They put the antbird pairs back to nature and observe them.B. They played different recorded songs of other antbirds.C. They put an anbird to the other‟s territory and observed.D. They played the songs of an intruding pair.3. Why did the female bird sing according to paragraph 4?A. It wanted to show its singing talent to the partner.B. It aimed at keeping the partnership with the male.C. It wanted to frighten the other females.D. It wanted to make her mate more attractive.4. Which of the following is the topic of this passage?A. Special phenomenon about birds‟ pairs.B. The conflict of bird pairs.C. The cooperation of bird pairs.D. Duet of bird pairs.Section CA.The great impact and progress in genetic engineeringB.Worries about privacy protectionC.Worries about medical use of genetic engineeringD.Genetic knowledge helps to predict diseasesE.Genetic knowledge may not be properly usedF.The application of genetic engineering in the medical fields1.Current research into the human gene system is helping us understand why people have predispositions(易患某病倾向) to certain diseases. Knowing our genetic makeup can help us to judge whether or not we may be stricken by particular illness, such as cancer. Even before birth, we are able to do genetic screenings to determine what a child‟s genetic disorder will be. Scientists have already isolated and identified the genes responsible for the more than 4,000 genetic diseases that affect human beings.2.The implications of this knowledge are astonishing. In addition to predicting genetic predisposition towards diseases, gene therapies may provide new treatments or cures for serious diseases. Millions of people already use genetically engineered drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, AIDS, and strokes(中风). But with the research that is now being conducted, we may find cures to many more diseases. In the near future, genetic experimentation will also allow parents to select the traits of their children. Genetic traits that determine height, weight, eye and hair color will be able to be controlled, and many parents are excited about this potential.3.Many people, however, are unwilling to accept the possibilities genetic research allows. For example, one reason some women do not use the largest genetic testing for breast cancer is because they are afraid they will be discriminated against. Another problem is that many people do not want to discover their weakness. What if they learn that they have a disease for which there areno medical cures? How will such knowledge affect their lives? Do people really want to knowwhat they will die of?4.Many people believe that history has not always shown human decision-making to be bright when it comes to ethical (道德的) choices. Jeremy Rifkin is probably the most well known opponent of genetic engineering. He believes that humans are not responsible enough toexperiment with genes and should not “play God ” He asks, “Just because it can be done, does that mean it should be done?” He points out that our society will eventually look and act the same if parents select the traits of their children, and he questions the desirability of such a society.5.One of the fears expressed about genetic experimentation involves privacy. Already blood sample taken from patients in hospitals have been used for genetic research without the patients ‟ permission. Most people would agree that one ‟s health and genetic makeup are private concerns. But if insurance companies gain access to this information, it could have a large impact on insurance coverage or costs; if employers gain access to the information, it could have a large impact on hiring or promotion decisions. The possibilities for discrimination are obvious.Section DWhen Avril Lavigne announced she was splitting from her husband, comments from her friends suggest ed that she was only 21 when she got married and later she said she realized she‟d been too young to make such a life-altering decision. Could fellow young star divorcées(离婚者) Reese Witherspoon, Kate Hudson , and Britney Spears have also hit the same age-related issue? The Magic NumberThere are practical reasons for the mid-20s dividing line, and most of them boil down to the following factors.It turns out that the more years of higher education a woman has obtained by her wedding day, the lower the chanc es that she‟ll get divorced . . . and by 25, you‟re more likely to have earned a degree or two. Educated women tend to be more confident about who they are and less willing to settle for a man who doesn‟t meet their standards.Chances are that by 25 you‟re also supporting yourself, so there‟s less incentive(刺激；鼓励)for you to rush into marriage because you‟re seeking financial security from him. But the marriage-related benefits of working and having money of your own go beyond feeling secure. learning to bud get your cash carefully when you‟re single will help you avoid financial problems —one of the main causes of couple fights —for the rest of your life.Knowing the Real YouAt 25, you‟ve had time for some essential life experiences, including a relationship o r two that may have improved your Mr. Right radar. You‟ve probably dated enough to have a better idea of what you don‟t want in a man, which makes it easier to know what you can live with and can‟t live without.Perhaps the most important aspect of waiting is that you‟ll know what your goals and values really are. While you don‟t want to marry someone just like you, marriage is a lot easier if you two Share a similar outlook on life.Twenty-four and already married to the man of your dreams? Don‟t worry: Ma ny young marriages survive. But given the choice, you might consider putting off the big day until your mid-20s or later.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)1. According to the author, one of the main causes of couple fights is .2. How do you know what you don‟t want in a man?3. What are the two main factors that lead to the mid-20s dividing line?4. The main suggestion the author gives in this passage is .Translation1.很难说服汤姆放弃自己的想法。

2010年上海市浦东新区中考英语第二次模拟试题D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。

每空格限填一词，首字母已给):（14分）Test scores make you either happy or sad and your parents pay high attention to your test results. You spend days filling in blanks, trying to makethe best a (92) to question after question. Maybe you tried your hardest ormaybe you n (93) tried! What you need to remember is that a test is a picture of your ability from just one day. It consists of some pieces including your health, your personality, your interests, and your motivation. You need to look at all the pieces to get a clear i (94) of your progress. So whether your scores are higher than you thought, or l (95) than you had hoped, try not to think of them as what you will be at last. It probably c (96) you why your scores have become the focus of your life. The purpose of a test is to check how much you have learned about a subject. It not only helps make your newly acquired knowledge forever, but also enables you to find out what needs to spend more time improving. If you’re p (97) with the results, encourage yourself to work for a further aim. If disappointment has overcome you, ask your teacher and your parents to help you set a reasonable goal for improvement. Most exams are about to test your skill in certain subject areas such as math, language and arts. Some compare your skills to other students’ skills from across the country, o (98) just test whether or not you have mastered a specific skill. These scores can be very puzzling…even to adults. You should speak to both your teacher and your parents to find out what they mean in your educational journey. It is important to take a correct attitude towards test scores.浦东新区2011年中考预测D Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsAnger is a common and healthy human emotion, But when it get out of control, It can c______ problems: problems at work, in your personal relationships and in your family life, Everybody gets angry sometimes. Although being angry is a familiar situation, what you do when you feel angry is important. This is d_______ for kids and even for adults, too.These ideas may calm you down and help solve the problem which is troubling you. First, exercise can be good for people who are trying to get their temp ers u______ control because it’s a method of releasing energy and stress. For example, you will feel good to dance around your room with your favorite music! Second, get into the h_______ of saying how you’re feeling and why. If you are having trouble with your temper, talk with your parents or friends and tell them what you are trying to do . Words help you show your feelings and r_____ understanding from others. Third, breathe deeply and repeat a calm word or phrase s______, such as relax or take it easy to yourself while breathing. Besides, you’d better think of people and things you are thankful for because you can’t be truly angry and thankful as the same time.Anger is never an excuse to give up your work or influence the people around you .,Remember: life will always be filled with______, frustrated and some other unexpected actions. You can’t change that, but you can change your way to face the events that affect you. Learning to controlyour angry responses can hel p you stay away from being even unhappier.宝山（嘉定）区2011年第二学期九年级质量调研考试D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：（14分）The newest touch screen mobile phone that has been recently introduced by Apple Company is the Apple iPhone 4. It has surely a_____92_____ attention from fashion persons from all over the world. Exquisite（优美精致的）appearance, unique design, high-quality image and sound enjoyment, powerful iTunes store, all these make iPhone become p____93____ as soon as it was released（发行，推出）. After much expectation, people lined up for hours at stores around the world to buy the latest smart-phone（智能手机）by Apple.The phone can help people realize the dream of video calling. Friends can say hello with a big smile from across the globe. The mother can take a good look at her son a____94_____. The communication will be more convenient.The iPhone 4 is faster, thinner, has a longer battery life, and it features（以……特色）video calling. Apple is not the only c____95____ that makes so-called smart-phones that allow users to access the Internet. But loyal customers say its simplicity（简易）akes the iPhone stand out（出色）. All of these a_____96_____ features of the Apple iPhone 4 will ensure（保证）high quality performance that you will not experience w_____97_____ any other types of phone. In addition, as this phone is multi-functional（多功能的）, it can do more than just the usual call and text（短信）, you will surely appreciate everything that it can actually do for you. More perfect appearance and powerful functions will bring another round of Apple frenzy（狂热）.But technology expert says Apple’s iPhone faces growing competition from o____98_____ companies, such as Google, that make their own smart-phones. With competition, experts expect prices to drop, making smart-phones much more accessible to（更易买到）consumers around the world.奉贤区2011年初三英语二模试卷D．Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入恰当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（共14分）Most of the movies show our relationship and our society. What’s more important is that people love to watch highs and lows of the relationships in movies. Friendship has been the f___92___subject of movie makers for a long time. Many movies are based on lovely relationships like friendship. Movies based on friendship make us r___93___that the relationship between friends is delicate (需要小心处理的). These movies also show how important it is to have a true friend in life and to own the friendship.Friendship is described in different w___94___in movies. These movies show different faces of this lovely relationship including the pleasant and interesting faces. Let us discuss how friendship is described in movies.Friends share common interests: In most of the movies, it is shown that two people become friends e___95___when they have some common interests. For example, two friends may be inlove with the same sports, studying in the same school or living in the same n___96___.you can see such friendship in movies such as “Harry Potter” and “Lord of Rings”. Harry Potter h as two friends. All of them are interested in magic.Friends make sacrifices (牺牲): In most of the movies, friends make sacrifices for each other.A g___97___example is “Sholay”. In this movie, there are two friends Jay and Veeru who are there for each other till death. Jay sacrifices his life to save his friend.Friends never run away from difficulties: In movies, it is always shown that true friends always stand up for their friends in times of difficulties.Understanding: In movies, friends understand each other w___98___even saying a word. A single smile can brighten up the faces of all the friends.虹口区2011年九年级第二次质量调研考试D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）Coober Pedy is a small town in the Australian desert. It's famous not only for its 6pals (猫眼石), but also for a very unusual r 92 -the people live and work underground.Why do people choose to live under the ground? To avoid (避开) the boiling hot days and f 93 cold nights-daytime temperatures can rise to 50 *C or more and on a cold night the thermometer can hit zero. The locals say that their strange lifestyle is the only answer to the unfavourable climate. In the underground homes, the-temperature is always a very pleasant 19*C to 24"C. But that's not the only a 94 the people there don't need to pay builders if they want to build a home or make any changes.You would be very surprised to see how well people manage to live underground. They have fitted kitchens and bathrooms, sometimes e 95 spas(温泉). "People are wrong about this place," says Bev Smith, who has lived in Coober Pedy for over 30 years. "They think it's impossible to live here and that we're like primitive (原始的) cave people, but that's not t 96 . When my husband, Larry, and I first came here, there was no electricity or running water. Life was very difficult and many people decided to leave. But now, things have c 97 a lot and we're very comfortable. We now have underground shops, hotels, restaurants, cafes and churches!"Abigail and Brian Tynan left their large house in Melbourne two years ago to live in an underground home. "My mouth fell open when I saw my underground home," remembers Brian. "It was like a cave. It took us about a year to turn it into a cosy home, but we've settled in now and I'd rather live here than a 98 the ground. It's my choice and I really enjoy it."金山区2011年第二学期九年级质量调研考试D. Reading the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给出) ：（14分）What makes you happy in life? Perhaps it is the love of your family or the friendship of your classmates. We all want people to love us, so it is natural for us to do what we can to make others p 92 . However, we also know that this is not always possible. Life does not always run smoothly（顺利）for us and mistakes often happen.What happens when you make a mistake? Do you try to hide the fact, or deny anyresponsibility(责任)？We all know that this behavior(表现) usually makes the situation much w 93 . As we grow, we should realize the best thing to do a 94 a mistake is made is to accept responsibility, and to offer an apology.When you’ve made a mistake, say you’re sorry. It allows several good things to happen. It helps people to believe you again, and it helps to repair any damage that was caused by the mistake.A 95 very important reason of saying you’re sorry is that it helps you to gain respect for yourself again. It allows you to put a mistake b __ 96 you, and to move on with your life. Accepting responsibility also helps to learn from our mistakes, and encourages us not to r___97 them in the future. Perhaps it also helps us to learn how to forgive(原谅) others who make mistakes. Learning to say you’re sorry is a sure w___98to learn how to respect yourself and others.2011上海市静安区英语二模试卷D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）James is a good student and he has lots of friends, but he also has a problem .Some older boys are bullying him at school .James isn’t happy and he doesn’t know what to do about it .Here are some suggestions to the t 92 in this situation .Don’t feel worried. It’s not your fault（过错）! Being bullied can make you feel very l 93 and angry, but you are not alone. Don’t feel that you have to hide the problem .You should find a person you can trust, and tell him/her. It might be your teacher, your parents, or even your friend’s parents . A 94 you tell someone ,you will get some support and feel some relief.Speaking to an adult might make you a little nervous, but here are other things you can do .Some people show their feelings more e 95 on paper .Write a letter to someone or keep a diary .All the details should be i 96 in it about what the bullies do ,as well as when and where the bullying happens. You can use it to prove what is going on .And it is a wonderful idea to show your letter or diary to a teacher or a 97 responsible adult . Then the bullies will feel very afraid if their names appear in a letter!Also, never show that you are very u 98 ,and don’t try to fight with the bullies .You could get into trouble yourself .Pay no attention to them and just walk away . The bullies will soon stop.闵行区2010学年第二学期九年级质量调研考试D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）I once believed that a friend is a friend all the way. Now I have changed my ideas about friendships.Friends of convenienceThey can be the people who live next door or the mothers of our children's closest friends. Friends of convenience are convenient i92 .They'll help us when we need it. They'll look after our cats whenwe go on holidays. But we don't ever get too close or tell too much. We keep our public face and emotional distance. That m 93 we'll talk about being overweight but not aboutbeing sad or disappointed. However, people still feel these friendships valuable to them.Special-interest friendsThese friendships aren't deeply personal or emotional. Their value is that they can s 94 interest, so we may have an office friend, a tennis friend, or even a shopping friend.Historical friendsWe all have a friend who knew us when ... maybe we were back in the second grade of . t primary school, when our family lived in that two-room flat downtdwn. He or she was the first, the only friend we told our s 95 to.The years have gone by, and we have gone different ways. We have 1 96 in common now, but we're still a personal part of each other's past. We know how we looked before our teeth were straightened, and our getting together reminds us of an earlier part of ourselves,which is important and n 97 lost.Cross-generational friendsThese are friendships that form across generations. I have in my own life a p 98 friend, a woman of 65, who is wise, who listens well, and who represents not only an ideal mother to me but also the person I'd like to be when I grow up.Best friends, I believe, totally trust, support and love each other.浦东新区2011年第二学期九年级第二次质量调研考试fill in the blanks with proper wordsAnger is a common and healthy human emotion, But when it get out of control, It can c______ problems: problems at work, in your personal relationships and in your family life, Everybody gets angry sometimes. Although being angry is a familiar situation, what you do when you feel angry is important. This is d_______ for kids and even for adults, too.These ideas may calm you down and help solve the problem which is troubling you. First, exercise can be good for people who are trying to get their tempers u______ control because it’s a method of releasing energy and stress. For example, you will feel good to dance around your room with your favorite music! Second, get into the h______ of saying how you’re feeling and why. If you are having trouble with your temper, talk with your parents or friends and tell them what you are trying to do . Words help you show your feelings and r_____ understanding from others. Third, breathe deeply and repeat a calm word or phrase s______, such as relax or take it easy to yourself while breathing. Besides, you’d better think of people and things you are thankful for because you can’t be truly angry and thankful as the same time.Anger is never an excuse to give up your work or influence the people around you .,Remember: life will always be filled with p______, frustrated and some other unexpected actions. You can’t change that, but you can change your way to face the events that affect you. Learning to control your angry responses can help you stay away from being even unhappier.Read the passage and Till in the blanks with proper words.Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821. Her father gave his daughters as good education as his sons. He encouraged his daughters to learn Latin and Greek, read books, learn maths, and study science This was a very u 92 thing to do at a time when few women had any education at all. Women only learned such s 93 as music, painting, and sewing. Because of her father, Elizabeth grew up to be much more independent than most women of her time.When she was eleven, Elizabeth, and her family moved to the United States. Her father started several businesses, but he was never a 94 to do very well. When Elizabeth Blackwell was seventeen, her father died, leaving no money for his family. For several years Elizabeth taught school to help support the family. She became more and more interested in movements for women's r 95 .In the early 1800s, women could not have their own houses or money. They belonged to their fathers and brothers before getting married and l 96 they belonged to their husbands. If a woman did not marry, the only thing for her to do was to live with her parents or one of her relatives, doing housework and helping with the children in return for her food and shelter. Women were not expected to do work o 97 the home or to support themselves.Elizabeth Blackwell did not marry. She did not want to live with any of her brothers. She h 98 the idea of depending on anyone else. She thought and thought about how she could make a living by doing something useful.2011上海市松江区英语二模试卷D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged that their o 92 had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were h 93 after the storm. They didn't know where to go.A farmer, Bob, said that the storm b 94 early in the morning and lasted for over an hour."I was eating with my wife and children," he said, '"When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house f 95 down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, s 96 but very frightened." Bob continued, "My boy cried out immediately when he saw me. I wanted to give him a hand It that time, but failed. We both tried hard and finally he managed to find his way out."Mrs. Woo said that her husband has just 1 97 for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. ''There was no time to take a 98 ," she said, "A few minutes later, the roof came down."Rescue workers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought them food, clothes and shelter.D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：（14分）In the United States, young people generally enjoy much freedom. It is probably true that nowadays young Americans have more freedom t 92 they ever had. It is not really clear whether all of this freedom is a good thing with respect to dating relationships (关系). Dating has changed greatly in recent years.According to traditional dating ways in the United States, much of the responsibility for a date falls on the young man. The young man must first call the girl he w 93 to date early in a week. Most girls in traditional dating relationships expect to get a telephone call f 94 a young man by Wednesday. Most dates take place on weekends. Fridays and Saturdays nights are p 95 for dates. The young man must ask the girl out and suggest the things that they might do. Usually it is the young man who pays for all of the evening's activities.Some young people in the United States, e 96 college students, do not go out on traditional dates. Instead, they go out on group dates. This means that small groups of young people go out with each other. All of the people in the group are usually friends, but some in the group may not know before.As a result, every person pays for his or her expenses. This means that the girls must pay for their admission(入场) tickets for the movies, for a cup of coffee, or for a _ 97 else that they spend on during the date.The group is very different from the traditional date. Young people in the Unite States today enjoy both kinds of these dating ways. Traditional dating ways give young people a chance to get to know one another better. Group dates give young people a chance to know many other young people and to have a more relaxed evening. Both kinds of dates have their a 98 . The group date is really a new idea among young people. It seems to be a wonderful for the reasons described above.杨浦区2010学年度第二学期基础测试D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):（14分）In August 2005, Mark Bent, 49, a businessman, first visited a village inAfrica. He found people were too p 92 to have electric light. So he spent$250,000 developing and producing a solar-powered flashlight (太阳能手电筒). “In places where there is no electricity or running water, having light atnight is their d 93 . I will try my best to help them,” said Bent.The solar-powered flashlight gets power from the sunlight and can last for 7 hours every night. People just put three AA batteries (蓄电池) in it. The batteries are o 94 80 cents.Over the last year, Bent said, he and his friends have sent 10,500 flashlights to many refugees (难民). In a refugee camp, a refugee named Peter Gatkuoth wrote about the i 95 of the solar flashlight. “If we meet a thief, we will turn on our solar flashlight and the thief will run away. If aperson is s 96 at night, we will use the flashlight to take him to the health center. If wild animals come close to me, I will use the light to f 97 them away.” Others said the lights were hung above school desks for children and adults to study after a day’s work.With a little research, Bent found that nearly two billion people around the world live without electric light. A lot of children have breathing p 98 , in part because of the use of wood and candles for light in their small homes.长宁区2011年第二学期九年级质量调研考试D. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):（14分）Every year a lot of films are made, but not all of them are good for us. Most of these films are not suitable for children. B 92 we see a film in a cinema or watch a DVD at home, we should be c 93 to choose a good one.A good film usually gives us a lesson. For example, ‘Beauty and the Beast’ teaches us to love someone for his/her good h 94 but not for his/her looks. ‘The Lion King teaches us to be brave and be fair to other people.Some films are quickly f 95 ; others stay for a long time as classics (经典) . People can see a classic film many times and still enjoy it. Every time they see it, they learn something n 96 . For example, if you worry about your looks, you may watch ‘Beauty and the Beast’ again and learn that looks are not so important. If you are sad, you may watch ‘Mouse Hunt’ again to make y 97 happy.There are many kinds of films. There are adventure films, comedies, horror films, science fiction films, documentaries(纪录片), action films, love stories and so on.H 98 , many of these films are only suitable for adults. So always ask your parents before you see a film.。

静安，杨浦，宝山区2011年高三英语学科模拟测试试卷第I卷（共105分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short Conversations1. A. Stop the bus. B. Walk to the zoo.C. Cross the street.D. Call the police.2. A. On a farm. B. In a plane.C. In a coffee shop.D. In a restaurant.3. A. Confusing. B. Popular. C. Boring. D. Interesting.4. A. Cooler and drier. B. Warmer and drier.C. Warmer and rainier.D. Sunnier and wetter.5. A. She is quite busy now.B. She doesn’t like grammar.C. She will be absent for the exam then.D. She is poor in grammar, too.6. A. Both of the speakers understand Peter well.B. One of the speakers is from America.C. Peter is a college track runner.D. Peter uses too much American English.7. A. She’s learned a lot of western customs and languages.B. She didn’t get along well at the party.C. She majored in social science.D. She felt lucky to have been invited to the party.8. A. The man will attend a meeting this weekend.B. The man decides not to go to New Y ork.C. The man is likely to go to New Y ork by plane.D. The man is going to go diving for entertainment.9. A. It’s no longer available. B. It’s only for rent, not for sale.C. It’s not as good as advertised.D. It’s far away from house agency.10. A. The girl’s careless ness in walking.B. Mr. Black’s driving too fast.C. Mr. Black’s careless ness in driving.D. The bad condition of the road.Section B PassagesQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To improve students’ intellec t. B. To give advice on study.C. To give a lesson on test.D. To teach how to communicate with scholar.12. A. They provide good grades.B. They can double our reading speed.C. They help us find out our weak points.D. They teach us how to take a shortcut.13. A. Listen carefully in class. B. Make a good plan on studying.C. Find a good place for your study.D. Shape a correct view on tests.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Nighttime. B. The News.C. Educational cartoons.D. The Children’s Room.15. A. Eleven. B. Six.C. Seven.D. Three.16. A. A movie star. B. A newspaper reporter.C. A TV host or hostess.D. A radio manager.Section C Longer ConversationsBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. Rock’n’roll was Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks’ songs_____the same style.A. withB. onC. inD. by26. The information he gave us was quite different from _____ we got ourselves.A. oneB. thoseC. thatD. it27. –I’m sorry I insulted you, Jimmy.–That’s _____ like it.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least28. There _____ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A. mustn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t29. He damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone _____.A. exposedB. has exposedC. is exposedD. was exposed30. If you ―look the other way‖ while something bad is happening, that means you choose _____ that thing.A. ignoringB. to ignoreC. ignoredD. to be ignored31. At present, a few American companies _____ deals with Chinese companies to license Chinese technology.A. are even makingB. even makeC. even madeD. have even made32. It’s a shame to say it again, but I did tell a lie when _____ last time in my teacher’s office.A. having questionedB. to questionC. questionedD. to be questioned33. We haven’t settled the question _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that34. My grandfather runs in the park nearby every morning _____ it rains.A. except thatB. except whenC. exceptD. except for35. None of us think it any good _____ a contract with such a dishonest boss.A. signingB. to signC. signedD. sign36. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading tothe arrest of the bank robbers.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. whoD. whom37. Many a time _____ her answers in the test paper because she is not confident enough of herself especiallywhen it comes to a critical moment.A. the girl has changedB. has changed the girlC. did the girl changeD. has the girl changed38. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying message among people _____well satisfies human needs.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. how39. My uncle hesitated for a long time _____ he decided to buy a flat, as he was not quite sure whether the priceof the house would go up or not.A. unlessB. beforeC. ifD. until40. _____ by the host three times, the contestant had to turn to the audience present for help.A. Having deniedB. DenyingC. Being deniedD. Having been deniedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma(哮喘) attack is frightening for any parent. So it is onlynatural that most moms and dads will try just about anything—including spending a lot of money—to keep an attack at __41__. Trouble is, more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don’t work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the__42__.According to Dr. Michael Cabana, a pediatrician at the University of Michigan’s C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, who led the study, one of the most__43__ mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites(尘螨)for a child whose asthma instead was made even worse by plant pollen. Many of those parents then __44__ to do what would have helped a lot more: shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic（过敏）to dust mites; a humidifier__45__ to be a place where dust mites like to __46__. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn’t even try to quit or at least__47__ themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Many smoking parents__48__ expensive air filters that have what Cabana called ―questionable utility.‖Part of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically __49__. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what wil l and won’t work in their child’s particular case.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AAesthetic（审美的）thought of a distinctively modern art emerged during the 18th century. The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters as natural beauty, the sublime, and representation—a trend __50__ the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. __51__ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more famous and has begun to__52__ the philosophy of nature. V arious issues__53__to the philosophy of nature have had a(n) __54__ impact on the orientation of 20th-century aesthetics. Foremost among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and__55__ the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art. Two __56__ theoretical positions have taken on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, __57__ the other maintains that art is intrinsically(固有的) valuable and is an end in itself. Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing preoccupation with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, __58__have followed either of the two approaches. In one, criticism is __59__ to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. __60__, it is devoted to expressing the response to the aesthetic object and to justifying a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad __61__ of knowledge and inquiry. The __62__ of contemporary aesthetics include such problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to __63__; the viability(可行性) of a history of art; the significance of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in __64__ reasoning in the conduct of everyday affairs.50. A. making B. applying C. taking D. reflecting51. A. Before B. Over C. Since D. From52. A. transplant B. transfer C. support D. replace53. A. chief B. central C. main D. prime54. A. remarked B. marked C. considered D. refused55. A. to B. for C. of D. on56. A. opposite B. similar C. same D. opposed57. A. and B. or C. though D. while58. A. artists B. writers C. critics D. philosophers59. A. concentrated B. involved C. informed D. restricted60. A. In the other B. In another C. In the other way D. In other ways61. A. issue B. field C. area D. section62. A. anxieties B. worries C. concerns D. cares63. A. painting B. object C. culture D. development64. A. practical B. ideal C. actual D. theoreticalSection B(A)The red phone box in Britain is a perfect example of the British traditional culture.However, with the fast development of mobile phones, it has lost its place in people’severyday life. In order to save their loved red phone boxes, people have thought up manyideas, for example, to turn them into toilets or art houses.In a village in Somerset, a place in South West England, villagers have found a novel way to save their red phone box. They turned it into a mini library to cope with the shortageof libraries in their area. The idea was given by a local villager, Janet Fisher, who livesopposite the phone box. Villagers rallied together to set up the book box after their mobile library service was cancelled. Over 100 books and a variety of movies and music CDs are available at this tiny library. The books are of different kinds, ranging from cooking books to the classics and children’s books.People can put the books that they have read inside the phone box, and take away the books that they’d like to read. The books are always changing. There is a regular check on the books to keep the phone box collection fresh.Anyone is free to come to read books there. The phone box library is open every day around the clock and is lit at night. ―It’s very pleasing that the red phone box has been saved. Mo re importantly, it can continue providinga service for us,‖ said one of the villagers.65. The red phone box has been a symbol of ______.A. the European architectureB. the British cultureC. the development of technologyD. British people’s daily life66. The underlined word ―novel‖ in paragraph 2 means ______.A. separateB. traditionalC. ridiculousD. new67. People in Somerset turned the red phone box into a mini library to ______.A. keep its original functionB. make up for the lack of library serviceC. provide a place to exchange ideasD. to enlarge the collection of the local library68. Which of the following statements is true about the red phone box?A. The library is open to the public only at night.B. The library was set up by a local villager living opposite a phone box.C. People can borrow books and other audio-visual products there.D. Regular check is made to keep the books in good order.69. Each participating team will receive ______.A. 1 T-shirt and 1 souvenirB. 4 T-shirts and 1 souvenirC. 1 T-shirt and 4 souvenirsD. 4 T-shirts and 4 souvenirs70. A family team which does not complete any task at the activity stations but has completed the hunt at 11.30a.m. will ______.A. not be entitled to any prizeB. be awarded a mystery giftC. be awarded the consolation prizeD. not receive the T-shirts71. The main purpose of the hunt is to ______.A. get people to spend time with familyB. attract people to win cash and prizesC. encourage people to appreciate natureD. promote Wiedken & Kennedy Advertising( C )Contrary to many people believe, highly intelligent children are not necessarily certain to achieve academic success. In fact, so-called gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart. Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people.One common problem gifted kids face is that they, and those around them, place too much importance on being smart. Such an emphasis can encourage a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well. Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades, when the work is easy, they may struggle and perform poorly when the work gets harder because they do not make the effort to learn. If the academic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period, many teachers will fail to recognize their potential. As a result, such students may not get the encouragement they need, further depressing their desire to learn. They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior problems.IQ is just one element among many in the recipe for success—Children develop well or struggle in school for a host of reason apart from IQ. These include motivation（积极性）and persistence, social competence, and the support of family, educators and friends.Because highly gifted children solve the most varied thought problems faster and more thoroughly than those with more average talents do, they need additional intellectual stimulation while they wait for the rest of the kids to learn the basics. Two central approaches are used to satisfy the educational needs of such children: acceleration and enrichment. Acceleration means studying material that is part of the standard subjects for older students. Enrichment involves learning information that falls outside the usual subjects.A child might skip one or more grades as a way of accelerating in school. But being with older children for the entire school day—and perhaps for grade-based extracurricular activities such as sports—can make a child feel inferior in every realm outside of academics. One very bright fourth-grader who had skipped two grades remained far ahead of his classmates intellectually, but as his classmates reached puberty（青春期）, his social and other shortcomings became painfully apparent. While acceleration is not an option, or not a good one, enrichment can be. After all, school is not a race but an adventure in learning. As such, the goal is not finishing first but absorbing as much knowledge as possible in the time assigned. Thus, providing opportunities for a child to study topics outside the regular subjects can be at least as valuable as pushing him or her through the required material faster.72. What is the basic reason for the low academic achievement of highly intelligent children?A. Teachers’ failure to recognize their potential.B. Too much emphasis on being intelligent.C. Studying topics outside the regular subjects.D. Lack of encouragement from teachers.73. According to the passage, which of the following belongs to enrichment activities for talented children?A. Skipping one of more grades and studying together with older children.B. Learning the same material in the standard subjects for older students.C. Learning information that is not included in the regular subjects.D. Learning how to read with fluency even in their pre-school days.74. Which of the following statements do you think is true about the writer?A. He is in favor of enrichment rather than acceleration.B. He is in favor of acceleration rather than enrichment.C. He speaks highly of both enrichment and acceleration.D. He thinks neither enrichment nor acceleration is a good choice.75. In this article, the writer intends to ______.A. point out the weaknesses of acceleration for gifted childrenB. compare acceleration with enrichment for gifted childrenC. stress the importance of enrichment for gifted childrenD. discuss how to bring out gifted children’s potentialSection CSibling conflict is as old as Cain and Abel, as legendary as Cinderella and her stepsisters and can be as deadly as the daughters of King Lear. Parents should know the battles are inevitable and must prepare their kids to defuse potentially ugly situations. And there will be times wh en parents must come to a child’s defense and say, ―We are family, and we will not say anything that doesn’t build up one another. We will respect each other.‖ Use following tips for encouraging kindness in the home:Do not allow your children to insult one another. Words are extremely powerful, and snide comments can damage deeply. Experts say every negative comment needs at least five positive remarks to even out. Teach your children to be kind and to appreciate each other. Encourage your kids to see each other’s talents. Through recognizing these unique strengths, they will be able to work together well.Sibling rivalry usually originates from a child feeling that the other sibling is loved more, and in some cases when parents are being substantively unfair or show favoritism toward one child, this indeed may be the problem. In Genesis, we see the damage done by Jacob’s favoritism of Joseph. Remember that all children are created equal, but not all children are the same. Recognize and prais e each child’s individual skills, strengths and accomplishments without implying that one child is somehow better. Be sure each child receives adequate parental interest and quality time.Do not deny your child’s feelings, but help him learn to expr ess emotions in an appropriate way. If you see your child acting jealously, encourage him to identify the emotion by saying, ―I understand that you feel bad because…‖ or ―I know you hurt because…‖ Helping your children figure out the causes of their action s will help them learn how to deal with problems in the future.Most parents realize children imitate what they see, so look at the example you set. Do you compete with your siblings? Or do you consistently show kindness to your brothers and sisters? By checking your actions, you can be better prepared to show your children how to emerge the best of friends following the inevitability of a little sibling conflict.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Too much eating. Too many unhealthy foods. Too many advertisements for food. Too little activity. Different explanations are offered for America’s weight problem—a problem increasingly shared by other countries. Almost one-fifth of American children and teenagers are overweight.Schools have been urged to increase physical education, an important tool for public health. And many have. Yet now comes a study showing an increase in the number of injuries in ―phys ed‖class. Injuries increased one hundred fifty percent between nineteen ninety-seven and two thousand seven.The study involved injuries treated in hospital emergency departments. Only two percent were serious.The researchers did not try to identify the causes of the increase, but they have some theories.Lara McKenzie from Ohio State University was the lead researcher. She says one possibility is a decrease in the number of school nurses during the period they studied. For example, a two thousand four study showed that the number of school nurses nationally failed to meet federal guidelines. Schools without a nurse on duty may be more likely to send an injured child to a hospital.Another possible reason for more injuries is a change in the traditiona l idea of physical education. This ―New P.E.‖ expands the kinds of sports that are taught. But activities that some schools offer now, like rock climbing and skateboarding, can also expand the risks, says Cheryl Richardson. She is with the National Association for Sport and Physical Education.Also, she says not all states require P.E. teachers to be specially trained. Untrained teachers could be less likely to recognize unsafe conditions.Cheryl Richardson also points to one of the study’s findings — that injuries are often the result of contact with a person or a structure. This tells her that the teachers were not giving each student enough space to move around safely.Six activities produced seventy percent of all injuries: running, basketball, football, volleyball, soccer and gymnastics.The researchers say larger class sizes are another possible reason for the increase in injuries. Larger classes can mean less supervision. The National Association for Sport and Physical Education says twenty to thirty students in a P.E. class should be the limit.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)81.How do many schools deal with the problem that more children are overweight?__________________________________________________________________________82.What’s the result of expanding the kinds of sports taught in school?__________________________________________________________________________83.P.E. teachers without special training are more likely to _____________________________.84.After reading the passage, please give at least two suggestions to an American school on how to reduceinjuries in "phys ed" classes.__________________________________________________________________________第II卷（共45分）I. T ranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 他正忙着准备面试。

2011年上海市高考英语试卷I.ListeningComprehension1. Section ADirections：In Section A；you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversatio n，a question will be asked about what was said．The conversations and the questions will be s poken only once．After you hear a conversatio n and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard．1．A．At a train station．B．At an airport．C．At a travel agency．D．At a bus station．2．A.5．B.10． C.15．D.50．3．A．Receptionist and guest．B．Salesperson and customer．C．Doctor and patient．D．Waiter and diner．4．A．Excited．B．Dissatisfied．C．Bo red．D．Exhausted．5．A．Her hair has changed．B．She isn't satisfied with her hair style．C．She prefers to wear long hair．D．The man has changed his hair style．6．A．It is too early to watch the Talent Show．B．He will go to bed in five minutes．C．He would rather watch TV than go to bed．D．He is old enough to stay up．7．A．She has got everything ready．B．She never hesitates over what to take．C．She hates packing by herself．D．She needs more time for packing．8．A．They should wait for John for a while．B．They should stay here for the night．C．They should start the meeting right away．D．They should call John at once．9．A．She is unwilling to move into a new flat．B．Her neighbors get along well with her．C．She can't tell the man why she is moving．D．Her neighbors usually play their TV loud．10．A．Ask for directions．B．Try a different route．C．Go back for the map．D．Cancel their trip．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages，and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages．The passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once．When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answ er to the question you have heard．Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage．11．A．A political system．B．Religion．C．Working language．D．Race．12．A．Discuss current issues．B．Join in a writing competition．C．Attend an arts and crafts competition．D．Celebrate their friendship．13．A．The Commonwealth Games．B．An important holiday．C．The Commonwealth members．D．An international association．Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news．14．A．Equipping students with knowledge．B．Qualifying students for certain jobs．C．Developing students'habits of mind．D．Helping students to go to graduate school．15．A．The ability to have critical analysis．B．Creative use of leisure time．C．Logical use of information．D．Willingness to accept uncertainty．16．A．Goals to reach in a college education．B．Roles of knowledge in students'growth．C．Qualifications needed for a job．D．Importance of after-class activities．Section CDirections：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations．The conversations will be read twice．After you he ar each conversation，you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Write your answers on your answer sheet．Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write ONE WORD for each answer．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．二、II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.2. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years．（）A throughB upC withD from3. To stay awake，he finished a cup of coffee and ordered ______．（）A the otherB otherC the othersD another4. It's no use ______ without taking action.A complainB complainingC being complainedD to be complained5. I ______ worry about my weekend﹣I always have my plans ready before it comes．（）A can'tB mustn'tC daren'tD needn't6. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage，she wondered how they had managed with ______ money．（）A so fewB such fewC so littleD such little7. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party，______？（）A doesn’t itB does itC don’t theyD do they8. After getting lost in a storm，a member of the navy team ______ four days later．（）A rescuedB was rescuedC has rescuedD had been rescued9. The rare fish，______ from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea．（）A savedB savingC to be savedD having saved10. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam．Then I changed my mind,______ that he could do nothing to help．（）A to realizeB realizedC realizingD being realized11. Did you predict that many students ______ up for the dance competition？（）A would signB signedC have signedD had signed12. There is clear evidence ______ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain．（）A whatB ifC howD that13. If a lot of people say a film is not good，I won’t bother to see it，or I’ll wait ______ it comes out on DVD．（）A whetherB afterC thoughD until14. The police officers in our city work hard ______ the rest of us can live a safe life．（）A in caseB as ifC in order thatD only if15. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of ______ others actually understand．（）A whyB thatC whichD what16. You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ______ you can hire to reach your host family．（）A whichB whereC whenD as17. Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emailing…but we seem ______ the art of communicating face﹣to﹣face．（）A losingB to be losingC to be lostD having lost18. Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．A．launched B．unpleasant C．applying D．technically E．impactF．coating G．fixed H．miraculously I．superior J．advancesHow would you li ke to wear the same underwear （内衣裤） for weeks？Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials，this may not be as （41）________ as it sounds．Self-cleaning clothes have now been created，and these new materials provide（42）________ resistance to dirt as well as water．As a result，they require much less cleaning than traditional materials．The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better products ．This self-cleaning nature is known as the“lotus effect”．The name comes，of course，from the lotus leaves，which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while remaining almost（43）________clean．By observing nature，scientists are （44）________ the qualities of the lotus leaves to the materials they have engineered．Because of thi s，some remarkable new products have been （45）________．Among them are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water．A special （46）________ on these windows not only prevents dirt from sticking to their surfaces，but also allows dust to be easily washed off by the rain．In fact，these new windows have already been（47）________ to some cars．Even when traveling at high speed through rain，these cars never have to use their windshield wipers （雨刮器）．Although we have already seen some practical applications，even more dramatic （48）________ will be made in the future，and they will，perhaps，change our world completely．Undoubtedly，technology is an important development，and it will have an even bigger （49）________ on our lives．III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA19. Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining （留住） customers．It sounds simple and achievable．But，（50）________，words of wisdom are soon forgotten．Once companies have attracted customers they often （51）________ the second half of the story．In the excitement of beating off the competition，negotiating prices，securing orders，and delivering the product，managers tend to become carried away．They forget what they regard as the boring side of business-（52）________ that the customer remains a customer．（53）________ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amou nts of money annually．It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10and 30per cent of its customers every years．In constantly changing （54）________，this is not surprising．What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost．Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate th e（55）________implications．Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big （56）________ in its performance．Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the nu mber of defecting （流失的） customers led to （57）________ increases of between 25and 85per cent．In the US，Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5，000over ten years．A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and（58）________ never returns，is losing the company thousands of dollars in（59）________ profits （more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience）．The logic behind cultivating customer （60）________ is impossible to deny．“In practice most companies’marketing effort is focused on ge tting customers，with little attention paid to（61）________ them”，says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’School of Management．“Research suggests that t here is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits．（62）________ customers tend to buy more，are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers．Furthermore，they tend to be less price （63）________，and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising．Retaining customers also makes it （64）________ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market．50．A．in particular B．in reality C．at least D．first of all51．A．emphasize B．doubt C．overlook D．believe 52．A．denyingB．ensuring C．arguing D．proving53．A．Moving B．Hoping C．Starting D．Failing54．A．markets B．tastes C．prices D．expenses55．A．culture B．social C．financial D．economical56．A．promise B．plan C．mistake D．difference57．A．cost B．opportunity C．profit D．budget58．A．as a result B．on the whole C．in conclusion D．on the contrary 59．A．huge B．potential C．extra D．reasonable60．A．beliefs B．loyalty C．habits D．interest61．A．altering B．understanding C．keeping D．attracting62．A．Assumed B．Respected C．Established D．Unexpected 63．A．agreeable B．flexible C．friendly D．sensitive64．A．unfair B．difficult C．essential D．convenient．五、解答题（共5小题，满分45分）20. AThe teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt．She was My rtle C．Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill．She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey．During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females．I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good．I couldn’t dance; she taught me the basic dancing steps．She took me to the theatre--not just children’s theatre but adult comedies and dramas-and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed．My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me．I had books at home, but they were all serious classics．Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her． Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publicatio n．A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a“youth columnist”．My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities-and it did-but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gather ing material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my passport to a series of writing jobs．Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her“favourite niece”．Like a diamon d, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted （多面的） image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path．（1）Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth？________A She lent her some serious classics．B She cultivated her taste for music．C She d iscovered her talent for dancing．D She introduced her to adult plays．（2）What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3probably refer to？________A A book of great fun．B A writer of high fame．C A serious masterpiece． DA heartbreaking play．（3）Aunt Myrtle recommended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to________．A develop her capabilities for writingB． C involve her in teenage social activities D．（4）We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who________．A trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined． B gave pupils confidence in exploiting their potential． C emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils． D helped pupils overcome difficulties in learn ing．21.（1）According to Quick Facts，a humpback whale________．A cannot survive in waters near the shore．B doesn’t live in the same waters all the tim e．C lives mainly on underwater plants ．D prefers to work alone when hunting fo od．（2）To make a breach，a humpback whale must________．A use its tail flukes to leap out of the water．B twist its body sideways to jump high．C blow two streams of water.D communicate with a group of humpbacks．（3）From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale________．A has its unique markings on it tail flukes ．B has black and white fingerprints．C gets its name from the way it hunts ．D is a great performer due to its songs．22. Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law t hat threatens research into the history of humans in Britain，a group of leading archeologists （考古学家） says．In a letter addressed to the justice secretary，Ken Clarke，40archaeologists write of their“deep and widespread concern”about the issue．It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008which requires all human remains unea rthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years，regardless of their age．The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones an d other human remains of national and cultural significance．“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied，whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension，is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practi ce，”they write．The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400dig sites，including the remains of 60or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008that date back to 3，000BC．Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time，but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground．The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk，where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950，000years ago．If human remains were found at Happisburgh，they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was ．Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectiv ely destroyed．Before 2008，guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and histo rical interest，while the Burial Act 1857applied to more recent remains．The Ministry of Justice assured ar chaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary，but has so far failed to revise it．Mike Parker Pearson，an archaeologist at Sheffield University，said：“Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem，but we feel that we cannot wait any longer．”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied，or on what records should be kept．72、According to the passage，scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because________．A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC．it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains73．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？________ A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time．B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh．C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time．D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed．74．What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains？________ A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains．B．The Burial Act 1857only applied to remains uncovered before 1857．C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades．D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law．75．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？________A．New discoveries should be reburied，the government demands．B．Research time should be extended，scientists require．C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion，authorities say．D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever，archeologists warn．23. Directions：Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph．There is one extra heading which you do not need．A．Manufacturing industry in information economyB．News in the age of informationC．Argument about individual accounts and their reliabilityD．Be your own investigative journalistE．Don’t believe everything you read in the newspapers．F．Information is presented in an entertaining way．76．________With the arrival of the age of“information economy”，intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than manufacturing．Orga nizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information．So people of the Pu blic Relations are hired to speak for them．A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists．In the information age，journalists spend their time，not investigating，but passing on the words of a spokesperson．77．________There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper’s owner，Lord Copper．The editors can never disagree with him．When he’s right about something t hey answer“definitely”，and when he’s wrong they say“to some extent，Lord Copper．”It seems reasonable to suppose that，in the real world，the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them．78．________In countries where the news is not officially controlled，it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising．The news hasto attract viewers and maintain its audience ratings．I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show．In Britain，we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment．Th ere is progressively less room for historical background，or statistics，which are harder to present as a sensational story．79．________There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for rec ording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want．People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms．But what it will mean also is that we’ll be subjected to a still great er amount of nonsense and lies．Any web log may contain the latest information of the year，or equally，a made-up story that you will never be able to check．80．________Maybe the time has come to do something about it，and I don’t just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper．In a world where e veryone wants you to listen to their version，you only have two choices：switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust．The investigative journalistof the future is everyone who wants to know the truth．24. Directions：Read the passage carefully．Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fe west possible words．Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 ndividuals can operate t hrough the free flow of information among the members．Once their size goes beyond this fi gure，the organizations are getting less flexible．So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder re sulting from failures of communication．One solution to this problem would，of course，be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group．By all owing these groups to build reliance on each other，larger organizations can be built up．However，merely having groups of，say，150will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization．Somethin g else is needed：the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships．To allow free flow of information，they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way．Maintaining too forma l a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works．The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station ．Whether by chance or by design，it so happened that there were almost exactly 150people in the station．The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation．Then，for no apparent reason，the work seemed to be more difficult to do，not to say less satisfying．It was some time before they work out what the problem was．It turn out that，when the architects were designing the new building，they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it．And with that，they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organizati on．What had apparently been happening was that，as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room，useful information was casually being exchanged．（Note：Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS．）81．What size of an organization may lead to communication failures？________82．What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization？________83．After the TV station moved into new accommodation，its operation________．84．From the case of the TV station，we can conclude it is________ that make（s） an organization more successful．I.Translation25. Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets．1．你为什么不在网上订票？（Why）2．我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了．（mistake）3．对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比．（compare）4．自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了．（No longer）5．如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高．（whatever）II.GuidedWriting26. Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假如你是启明中学（Ming Qi Middle School）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童．根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）．启事国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目，以帮助贫困地区的儿童．申请成功者将获得项目经费2000元．有意者请来信告知：1）你个人的基本情况；2）你对申请项目的基本设想；3）项目经费的使用计划．联系方式：2011hope@icf．org20112011年上海市高考英语试卷答案1. 655038,seafood,rubbish,recycling,a few seconds,a shopping list,Major events,is permanent2. A3. D4. B5. D6. C7. B8. B9. A10. C11. A12. D13. D14. C15. D16. A17. B18. unpleasant,superior,miraculously,applying,launched,coating,fixed,advances,impact19. inreality,overlook,ensuring,Failing,markets,financial,difference,profit,asaresult,potential,loyalty,keeping,Established,sensitive,difficult20. DAAB21. BAA22. B,C,D,D23. B,E,F,C,D24. Anorganizationofmorethan200individuals,Structuringsmallerorganizationsandbuildingd irectpersonalrelationships．,seemedtobemoredifficult/lesssatisfying,theclosesocialnetworks/thefreeflowofinformation/thecausalcommunication25. 1．熟悉句型Why not do sth．？，就相当于Why don't you do sth．？网上订票可以表述为book tickets online/reserve the ticket（s） on the Internet2．mistake sb．for sb．意为“将某人误认为某人”，长得像可以表述为look so similar/very much alike．3．as for sb意为“对于某人而言”，be compared with 意为“与…比较起来”，身心健康可以表述为physical and mental health．4．No longer表示“不再”，用于句首要用倒装，保持联系“kept in touch with”．5．本题考查whatever引导的名词性从句，即宾语从句，可能做某事“be likely to do”．26. Dear World Child Foundation organizers：My name is Jerry Lu，a student currently studying at Ming Qi Middle School．I am writing，on behalf of my classmates，to apply for the 2000 yuan's worth of fund in a bid to initiate a program aimed at helping tho se students who are financially disadvantaged．【高分句型】（说明写信目的）Being raised in families that don’t have to worry about putting food on the table need not me an oblivion to our less fortunate peers．【高分句型】On this account，we would appreciate it if you could sponsor our poverty-relief endeavor．（个人的基本情况）The following is how we would go about using the money．We would spend 1500 yuan purchasing some stationery for the needy students in a poverty-stricken area．It is worth noting that we would inform them to pick up the school supplies t hemselves instead of us“doling out”the supplies so that we wouldn’t end up embarrassing th ose who we want to help．【高分句型】The remainder of the fund would be used to invite a motivational speaker who was to talk ab out how to lift oneself out of poverty by making right academic and professional decisions．【高分句型】（对申请项目的基本设想、项目经费的使用计划）At the end of the day，our efforts might only trigger a ripple in the lives of some young people，but who knows what butterfly effects these young minds may have on tomorrow's world？（观点）We would be much obliged if you could reply at your earliest convenience．You can reach me at 2011hope@icf．org．Yours Sincerely，Li Ming。

Section A1. M: Good afternoon. I’d like to speak to Mr. Smith. This is William Jones from Sony Company.W: My husband isn’t at home now. I can give you his business phone if you’d like to call him at work.Q: Where is Mr. Smith? (B)2. W: Would you like me to drive you to the station？M: No, I will catch the bus. But can you pick me up this evening?Q: What does the man want the woman to do？(B)3. M: Do you sing or play a musical instrument? The piano, for example？W: W ell, I did study the piano as a child but I gave it up. I’m afraid I can’t sing, either, but I’m not bad on the drums.Q: What is the woman good at？(C)4. M: Jane was late for her class this morning.W: It’s nothing new for her.Q: What does the woman mean？(A)5. M: When is the fancy dress party over?W: It is supposed to end at 9: 30, but as it started at 5: 30, half an hour later than scheduled, it won’t break up until 10: 00.Q: How long will the party last？(C)6. W: John, what are you doing on your computer? Don’t you remember your promise？M: This is not a game. It’s only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? (D)7. W: Hello, is that Steve？I'm stuck in a traffic jam. I’m afraid I can’t make it before seven o’clock.M: Never mind. I’ll be here waiting for you.Q: What do we learn from the conversation？(B)8. M: Let’s go to the concert after dinner.W: Well, I’ll keep you company if you want to, but I have to do some reading for tomorrow’s lecture.Q: What conclusion can we make from the woman’s statement? (C)9. M: I don’t think we can find a better hotel around here at this time.W: Let’s walk a little further to see if there is another one. I just can’t bear the traffic noise here.Q: What will the speakers most probably do？(C)10. W: Can’t you knock on the door before you enter my office next time？M: Sorry, Mme. It’s just I’m in such a hurry.Q: How did the woman feel when she was speaking to the man？(B)Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Camping can teach you many things, such as how to recognize ___ plants and animals, set up a tent, or read a map. But above all, you will learn to understand more about yourself and your place in nature.Whether you decide to travel on foot into the wilderness, travel by boat, or simply drive to a nearby camp-ground, you are probably looking for some of the same experience. Most campers hope to find a simple life style. They tend to forget about work and worries while they enjoy being outdoors.Because the number of campers is increasing daily, the National Park Service advises outdoor lovers to remember several things. First, they urge everyone to treat nature with respect. That involves leaving your campsite cleaner than you found it. It involves learning to enjoy the world of animals without disturbing them. Remember that wild animals are wild, and they can hurt you, just as you can hurt them.The park service invites you to enjoy and explore the world of nature, but at the same time, it expects you to protect each area you visit so that future generations may look forward to having similar enjoyable experiences. Questions：11. What is the most important purpose of camping?12. What do most people look for when they go camping?13. What does the National Park Service urge campers to do？11. B 12. A 13. CQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.Up to now we’ve focused on the positive impact of the automobile on society in the United States. Today we’ll lo ok at some of the negative effects. A number of sociologists blame the automobiles for the decline of the downtown areas of the major cities. In the 1950s and 1960s, the automobile made it possible to work in the city and yet live in the suburbs many miles away.Shopping patterns changed. Instead of shopping in downtown stores, people in the suburbs went to large markets built in open areas outside the city where everything was cheaper. Merchants in the cities failed. Stores closed. Downtown shopping ar eas became deserted. In recent years, there’s been a rebirth of a number of downtown areas, especially young married couples, who have moved into the city to avoid roads jammed with traffic between the suburbs and cities every morning and evening.Now, let’s look at some slides that illustrate these trends. By the way, tomorrow I’ll explain the effects of all these automobiles on the environment. For example, what happens to the atmosphere as a result of burning of gasoline and the sharp decrease of natural resources like coal?Questions,14. What did the speaker probably talk about previously？15. What problem did city merchants face？16. Why are some people moving back to the city according to the speaker?14. D 15. C 16. DSection CBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Good evening, ma’am. Did you ring for service？W: Yes. The light in this room is too dim. Please get me a brighter one.M: Certainly, ma’am. Let me get a bulb from the cupboard. Do you mind if I move your things?W: Oh, no. Go ahead.M: Thank you. How is the light now?W: It’s much better. Thank you.M: You’re welcome. And if you need anything else, please don’t hesitate to let us know.W: Ah, yes, the room is too cold for me. I feel rather cold when I sleep. Can you turn off the air-conditioning? M: (Checks）The air-conditioning is already off, ma’am:M: Would you like an extra blanket？There is one right here.W: Ok. And would you please get me some hot water, too？I think I need to take some medicine.M: Certainly, ma’am. I’ll bring you some hot water right away. Anything else？W: No, thanks.M: Very well, ma’am. I’ll be right back.17. dim 18. cold 19. bulb 20. blanketBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.M: Well, Betty, did you have a good time with Linda at the opening ceremony？W: Did we？M: What do you mean？Did something go wrong?W: She thought I had said we were to meet at the Zhongshan Park at 1:30 when I had really said 2: 00. Then she thought I’d said the Zhongshan Park Subway Station whe n I had really said the southern entrance.M: Well, did you ever get together?W: Yes, it’s a wonder that we did. I had given up waiting and had gone down to take the subway home. Seconds before the train started to move, I heard someone shouting my name. It was Linda on the platform.M: You mean you two didn’t ever get together.W: Well, I got off at the next stop and waited. A few minutes later, she came in on the next train. It was almost 2:30 and too late for the opening ceremony, so we settled for a cup of tea in my place.21. 2:00 22. platform 23. next train 24. the opening ceremony25. DCCAA ACDCB 35. ADAAAC41. CD 42. BD 43. C 44. A 45. B 46.AD 47. BC 48. AB 49. AC50. BCADA ACDDC ABCDC65. DBCB69. DAB72. DCBA76. EBAFC81. The liquid foam technology.82. improve greenhouse and plant microclimates and decrease air temperaturesdecrease plant stress and increase crop productivity and fruit quality.reduce solar heat radiation and temperatures83. ( the) liquid foam between two layers of film84. A new technology has been developed to improve greenhouse climates.New technology improves greenhouse, and plant microclimatesI. Translation1. Bad weather made us cancel our trip.Because of the bad weather, we canceled/ had to cancel our trip.The weather was so bad that we canceled/ had to cancel our trip.2. Now/ Nowadays people are often heard to complain about the rising prices.Now/ Nowadays we often hear people complain about the rising prices.3. The objective/ aim of exams is to test whether the students have mastered/a good command of what they’ve learned.4. Be sure to remember to save the document you are processing before switching off the computer, or you’ll loseit.Do remember to save t he document you have been processing before you switch off the computer, or it’ll be lost.5. Free education offered/provided by the state has enabled/ enables the children who couldn’t afford to go toschool to have opportunities to receive education and change their fate/ destiny.。

上海市浦东新区2011学年第一学期期末质量抽测高三英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号"处填涂考生号。

用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2 B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共1 5小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～1 5各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Teachers and parents usually call attention to the pictures when reading storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that calling attention to the print the words and letters on the page may lead to 1 readers.The two-year study 2 children aged 3 to 5 who were regularly read to this way in class with children who were not. In all, over three hundred students, who were considered to be at serious risk of 3 reading problems in future life, were 4 in a classroom setting. After reviewing the recorded lessons, the researchers found that those students whose teachers most often 5 the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. Professor Shayne Piasta, the study's author, says most teachers would find this method 6 because it needs only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only 7 in the new method would be increased attention to the print.Ms. Piasta says if adults can 8 children in the stories and get them to pay attention to letters and words, it makes sense that they will do better at 9 recognition. But few parents and teachers do this in a 10 way starting first with letters, then 11 moving to words, sentences and paragraphs.Teachers and parents can point to a letter and outline its 12 with a finger. They can point out a word and 13 , "This is ‘dog’ ". They can discuss the 14 of the print to find how the words combine to tell the story. And they can talk about the 15 of the print for example, how words are written from left to fight.1. A. clearer B. better C. higher D. happier2. A. compared B. paired C. related D. involved3. A. avoiding B. solving C. developing D. forcing4. A. found B. locked C. interviewed D. observed5. A. studied B. discussed C. saw D. ignored6. A. reliable B. illogical C. unbelievable D. manageable7. A. difference B. concern C. problem D. challenge8. A. annoy B. leave C. interest D. puzzle9. A. word B. voice C. story D. number10. A. easy B. systematic C. different D. typical11. A. silently B. suddenly C. gradually D. mostly12. A. route B. shape C. move D. sound13. A. guess B. think C. explain D. answer14. A. size B. style C. form D. meaning15. A. organization B. development C. information D. improvement第二节语法填空(共1 O小题；每小题1．5分，满分1 5分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

Section BHow would you like to wear the same underwear (内衣裤) for weeks? Owing to the work that has gone into developing intelligent materials, this may not be as unpleasant as it sounds. Self-______(1clean) clothes have now been created, and these new materials provide superior resistance to dirt as well as water. As a result, they require much less cleaning than traditional materials.The creation of self-cleaning clothes provides an example of ______(2) nature helps scientists develop better products. This self-cleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”. The name comes, of course, from the lotus leaves, which are famous for growing in muddy lakes and rivers while ______(3remain) almost miraculously clean. By observing nature, scientists are applying the qualities of the lotus leaves ______(4) the materials they have engineered. Because of this, some remarkable new products have been launched. Among ______(5) are special windows that are resistant to dirt and water. A special coating on these windows not only ______(6p) dirt from sticking to their surfaces, but also allows dust to easily ______(7wash) off by the rain. In fact, these new windows have already been fixed to some cars. Even when traveling at high ______(8) through rain, these cars never have to use their windshield wipers (雨刮器).______(9) we have already seen some practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future, and they will, perhaps, change our world completely. Undoubtedly, technology is an important development, and it will have an even bigger ______(10) on our lives.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank w ith the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about ______(1attract) and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, in reality, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. ______(2) companies have attracted customers they often overlook the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become ______(3carry) away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—Hoping that the customer remains a customer.______(4fail) to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing markets, this is not surprising. ______(5) is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now ______(6) organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the financial implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big difference in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting(流失的) customers led to profit ______(7) of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or ______(8) on their first visit and as a result never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in potential profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer loyalty is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort ______(9focus) on getting customers, with little attention paid to ______(10keep) them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship betwee n retaining customers and making profits. Established customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually costless to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price sensitive, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes ______(11) difficult for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)50.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?51.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?52.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.53.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s)an organization more successful.81. An organization of more than 200 individuals.82. Structuring smaller organizations and building direct personal relationships.83. seemed to be more difficult / less satisfying84. the close social networks / the free flow of information / the causal communication1.Why not / Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet?2.I often mistake Wang Hai for his twin brother because they look so similar / very much alike.3.As for parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and mental health.4.No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.5.If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your study / learning efficiency is likely to improveremarkably.。

2011年上海高考英语二模翻译参考答案卢湾区1. The low-carbon life is getting more and more popular among young people.2. Many people who failed did not realize that they were just one step away from success.3. The exhibition of the photos was so successful that within months Jason quit his job to becomea professional photographer.4. Some experts think too much homework and lack of exercise had bad effects on students’ health and learning problems.5. Those who live in high-rises should learn to take all measures against accidents and to save themselves when an emergency occurs.长宁区1. He is aware that he has made a serious mistake.2. It is not possible to solve the problem of environmental pollution in a day.3. The American student, Kate, said that working as a volunteer at the Shanghai Expo was a very precious experience in her life.4. Best Buy suddenly closed all of its shops in China, which made people very surprised.5. Though learning grammar rules is needed, what is more important for students is to improve their ability to communicate in English.浦东新区1. It is hard to persuade Tom to give up his idea.2. Spring is coming and the park is filled with visitors.3. Considering the special needs of the athletes, the breakfast is served until ten o’clock.4. It is quite necessary to get together with several good friends and relax yourself after a long period of hard work.5. The abnormal climate shows that our living environment is getting worse and worse, which reminds us to take action to protect the earth we are living on.闵行区1. A lot of young people are keen on chatting online.2. We should follow the traffic rules strictly.3. More shops have been opened along the street and people nearby find it more convenient to do shopping.4. This kind of accident appears on media so frequently that effective measures are being made to prevent it from happening again.5. This electronic product is not only fashionable in appearance but easy to operate and it has wona good reputation among the users.静安等区1. He is busy preparing for the interview.2. The students like him because he has a good sense of humor.3. When you meet with difficulties, asking for help doesn’t mean you are dumb or stupid.4. Different measures are being taken to solve the problem of heavy traffic in the big cities in China.5. Parents often face the choice that either they do what they feel is good for the development of the child or they just let him be.黄浦（嘉定）区1. Please avoid going to bed after 11 often.2. The information helped us decide whether to hold the farewell party.3. It was the song that reminded me of the time we had spent together.4. Because he knew the city very well, he had no trouble finding the restaurant recommended by his friend.5. Students should be encouraged to express their own ideas freely in the group discussion, for the process of thinking is far more important than the right answer.虹口区1. I bought this English-Chinese dictionary in a second-hand bookshop.2. Did you find it hard to adapt yourself to the new environment?3. Knowing that he is in a bad mood, I suggest his chatting with friends to get rid of worries.4. Because there are many forms of entertainment to choose from, the cinema is not so popular with audience as before.5. Only when the Shanghai World Expo was over on October 31st, 2010 did I have the chance to enter the Chinese Pavilion for a visit.普陀区1. Where shall we locate our new office in Shanghai?2. High scores today do not necessarily mean great achievements in the future.3. We hope that all the museums in Shanghai will be open free to children and old people.4. High-rise apartment buildings have sprung up everywherein China at an incredible speed.5. The students in my school make it a rule to work as volunteers in the nearby neighborhood on holidays.松江区1. This article in today’s newspaper is worth reading.2. Face dangers, and you must keep calm first.3. The old find it harder and harder to keep up with the development of modern science.4. With the night falling, lamps lighted up the whole street and people hurried home.5. Despite his previous remarkable performance, he failed in the interview due to his ignorance of current international situation.崇明县1. We spend much time on homework.2. Our English teacher insists on the importance of the correct pronunciation.3. That you won’t wait for long means that it won’t be long before the next bus arrives.4. Alone as she is, she is so busy with her work for women’s rights that she feels anything but lonely.5. When one fails, a few words of comfort may encourage him to stand up again and even toachieve success.徐汇（金山）区1. He spent all his savings buying that flat.2. It is reported that the earthquake has caused great losses to the local residents.3. Micro blogging is getting popular among different age groups because it is fast, convenient and efficient.4. The result of the contest is not important, because what matters is my participation and experience.5. Although p eople’s view on cosmetic surgery has changed to some extent, we must acknowledge that there is risk.闸北区1. The teacher advised the students to listen to English news every day.2. It was two weeks before she recovered from the horror of the accident.3. Contrary to his hope, the job involves travelling on business and working overtime.4. Continuous natural disasters reminded us that we should be prepared well at any time to face trouble.5. In terms of practical effect, the new regulation greatly improved the traffic condition and was recognized by the public.。

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）本试卷分第一卷(选择题）和第二卷(非选择题）两部分.共150分.考试时间120分钟。

第一卷注意事项：1.答第一卷前，考生务必将自己地姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上.2。

每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目地答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.不能答在试卷上.3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Part I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。

At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1。

Where does the conversation most probably take place？A. At a train station. B。

At an airport.C。

At a travel agency。

D。

At a bus station.2. How much is the service charge if the food costs 50 dollars？A. $5B. ＄10C。

浦东新区2011年第二学期九年级第二次质量调研考试英语试卷第一部分听力略Part 2 Vocabulary and GrammarV. Choose the best answer (选择恰当的答案) （共26分）31.________ 84-year-old man was saved by the people after the terrible tsunami (海啸) in Japan.A. AB. AnC. /D. The32. The forest fire in Yunan started to spread up suddenly ________ the night of March 1st.A. atB. inC. forD. on33. It can’t be Betty’s bicycle. ________ is a yellow one.A. She’sB. ItsC. HisD. Hers34. Many middle-aged people begin to have health problems________.A. on their fortiesB. in their fortiesC. at fortiethD. on fortieth35 The fish tasted ________ but the potatoes had not been cooked for long enough.A. wellB. goodC. terriblyD. awful36. There were only ________ minutes left before Sam checked up his physics paper again.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little37. Nowadays heavy traffic________ can often be seen in the main streets during the rush hours.A. lightsB. jamsC. signsD. rules38. Hollywood star Gabor stopped________ expensive fur coats when she was asked to by the SPCA.A. wearB. to wearC. wearingD. wore39. With the help of the Internet, it’s ______ to send an e-mail than a regular letter.A. quickB. more quicklyC. much quickerD. much more quickly40. ________ Shanghai citizens served as volunteers in our city during the 2010 World Expo.A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Eight thousandsD. thousands of41 I’m afraid your schoolbag is to heavy. Do please take ______ out from it.A. something necessaryB. something unnecessaryC. necessary somethingD. Unnecessary something42 To everyone’s surprise, Liu W ei ________ play music on the piano with his toes so fluently.A. canB. mayC. shouldD. must43 Mother often tells Bob ______ too much time playing computer games.A. don’t spendB. to not spendC. not to spendD. doesn’t spend44 His successful experience on calculating the distance _______ an interesting topic to discuss.A. raisedB. roseC. was raisedD. was risen45 Ken didn’t visit Shang hai ART Gallery with Jill yesterday afternoon because he ________ a report at that time.\A. had writtenB. wroteC. would writeD. was writing46. Mr. George and his wife ________ to attend their son’s School Open Day las t Thursday.A. was invitedB. were invitedC. is invitedD. are invited47 Robison asked me _______ I was busy with those days.A. whereB. whyC. whatD. which.48 Take a map of New York with you while traveling _______you have a guide or know t he city well.A. untilB. ifC. unlessD. because49 Many teenagers want to know ________.A. what is the spaceship likeB. what the spaceship look likeC. how the spaceship looks likeD. how does the spaceship look like50 Some students think their school uniforms are out-of-date . The underlined part means _______.A. not colourfulB. not ordinaryC. not beautifulD. not fashionable51 It’s convenient for me to do shipping in this neighbourhood. The underline part means _______.A. efficientB. enjoyableC. eagerD. easy52 The traditional medicine _______ to be effective in treating the old lady’s stomache-ache.A. turned overB. turned outC. turned onD. turned into53 People must be _______ fire, especially in cold winter, because something fire can be dangerous.A. careful withB. familiar withC. strict withD. pleased with54 The explosion of Japanese nuclear power plant _______ after the earthquakeA .took the place B. took place C. took out D. took up55 -would you mind lending me your Chemistry notebook, Mary?-- ________A. No, I wouldn’tB. yes, I wouldC. Of course notD. never mind56 ---Kelley hurt her right foot last night.---________A. Mind the stepsB. I’m sorry to hear thatC. That’s rightD. It doesn’t matterVI. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.57. Everybody knows that May is the ________month of a year (five)58. Student thought of many good ideas for the project by ________(they)59. David went to Canada several yeas ago. Now he is a ________citizen.(city)60. The truth of the accident should be told to the public __________(immediate)61. It’s _______ for you to feel nervous when you have an important exam. (nature)62. Football fans like to enjoy _______ about the result of the football matches.63. Nobody wants to make friends with him, because he is ________ (honest)64. Cooler house and ________ sleep in hot July enable people to keep fit. (good)VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required65. Mary usually has bread and fruit for her breakfast. (改为一般疑问句)________ Mary usually _______ bread and fruit for her breakfast?66. A dog will love you faithfully for many years (对划线部分提问)_________ __________ will a dog love us?67. It’s fun to go for a spring outing. (改为感叹句)________ _________ it is to go for a spring outing!68. London will hold the next Olympic Games in 2012.（改为被动语态）The next Olympic Games will _______ ________ in London in 2012.69. The poor child was so lucky that she got many books from project Hope. (保持句意基本不变)The poor child was ________ _________ to get many books from Project Hope.70. Tom paid about 2,000 yuan for the iPod touch. (改为反义疑问句)Tom paid about 2,000yuan for the iPod touch, ________ ________ ?Part 3 Reading and writingVIII. Reading comprehensionA. true or falseIn the year of the Rabbit, let’s see some famous rabbits over the world and know something about these friends.Lord Rabbit, or Tu’er Ye in Chinese, is one of the most popular traditional toys of ancient folklore (民间传说)in Beijing, as well as believed to come from that of Jude Rabbit(玉兔) in the palace on the moon.There are about 100 books about Miffy, the cutest rabbit, and she is also a TV star. It is a small rabbit in a series of picture books drawn and written by Dutch artist Dick Bruna. Mitty was created in 1955 after Bruna told his one-year-old son stories about a little rabbit they had seen. Miffy became a girl after Mffy decided that he wanted to draw a dress and not trousers on his rabbit.People can’t help laughing when they see Bugs Bunny (兔八哥)! He has long ears, big front teeth and a funny face. It is in the cartoon film called “A Wild Hare in 1940” that he first came out from his rabbit hole to ask a rabbit hunter, “What up, Doc?” Since then, he has been saying this phrase while chewing a carrot. Bugs Bunny, the funniest rabbit, is very popular in the USA. Beating Mickey Mouse, Bug was also the first cartoon star on the map.Mashimaro, created by Kim Jae In, is a South Korean fictional character who looks like a fat rabbit. He appeared for the first time in a series of Flash animations, mostly without any dialogue-although some words of Korean or English are present-on the internet. The original Mashimaro cartoons are full of toilet humor, and Mashimoro himself is often portrayed with a plunger(柱塞) stuck to his head.Do you love those world’ famous rabbit.？71.Lord Rabbit is one of the most popular Shanghai folklore.72. Tu’er Ye is connected with a well known Chinese fairy tale.74. Bugs Bunny has long ears, big front teeth and a fat face.75. “What up, Doc?” has become the famous phrase of bugs Bunny.76. Mashimaro is often put on with a plunger stuck to his head.77. The above rabbits appear in cartoon films for the first time.B. Choose the best answerA new research suggests that children who are brought up on healthy diets are more intelligent compared with those junk food enters. It was found toddlers (初学走路的孩子) who are fed a diet high in fats, sugars, and processed foods had lower IQs than those fed pasta (通心粉)，salad and fruit. The effect is so great that researchers from the university of Bristol said those children with a “healthier” diet may get an IQ improvement. Scientists stressed a good diet was vital in a child’s early life as the brain grows at its fastest rate. During the first three years of life. This indicated head growth atthis time is lined to intellectual ability and it is possible that good nutrition during may encourage the best brain growth.Scientists followed the long term health and happiness of around 14000 children born in 1991 and 1992 as part of the West Country’s Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and children (ALSPAC). Parents were quizzed about the types and frequency of the food and drink their children consumed when they were three, four, seven and eight and a half years old. Their answers were marked on a sliding scales .Minus two is for the healthiest while ten is for the unhealthiest .IQ was measured by a test-the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (韦氏儿童智力量表)-of 4,000 children when they were eight and a half year old. The results found after considering some other factors(因素)，a mainly processed food diet at the age of three was connected with a lower IQ at the result. Every one point increase in dietary score was connected with a 1.67 fall in IQ.78. A new research suggests that children should be ______on healthy diets.A. keep offB. looked afterC. put upD. worried about79. According to the passage _________ can h elp develop babies’IQsA. fats, sugars and pastaB. processed foods and fruitC. junk food and saladsD. pasta, salads and fruit80. Scientists stressed a good diet was_______ in a child’s early lifeA. importantB. primaryC. simpleD. various81. The underline word indicated in this passage probably means ______A. introducedB. exploredC. expressedD. recorded82. In ALSPAC , parents were interviewed ________A. what and how often their children had during their early yearsB. what and how often they had during their childhoodC. what their children like best when they were three and sevenD. what they like best when they were eight and a half years old83. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children is used to test kids’________A. physical problemB. happiness factorsC. school workD. intellectual ability84. Which of the statement below is TRUE according to the passage?A. The healthier diet is, The happier the child will be in their daily lifeB. A mainly processed food diet in the babies’ life could lower down their IQsC. Researchers from the University of Bristol helped the todders get high IQsD. Th e Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Chindren tested nearly 14000 children’s IQsC. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passageSaving the environment is actually quite simple, when you come to think about it.It does not have to be a complex___85___. If you and everyone follow these tips, you are helping save the environment friendly.Switch off the light when you leave the room. By now you have probably wasted thousands of watts lightning you room ___86___ you weren’t there. If you work o n a Home office, this habit is not only bad for the environment, but also for your pocket.Turn off the computer when possible. If you know that you will be ___87___ for hours or more, however, turning itoff could result in large saving over the long run.Print only when necessary. Sure, reading on paper might be more ___88___, but you should avoid print thosetwo-line e-mails every time, Read it on the screen and print only necessary document. Remember also to use ___89____ sides of the sheet.Use fluorescent lamps. (荧光灯). The fluorescent lamps may ___90____ more in the stores, but within the time you use one ,you should have already recovered the investment. A normal incandescent light bulb lasts 750 hours but a fluorescent will gave off the same amount of light yet last for 75000 to 10000 hours with 1/3 of the wattage.Use low lush toilets. In your household, 40% of the pure water is flushed down the toilet. You can ___91___this simple way at home; use small plastic bottles, filled with water or stones to displace the amount of water in toilets, This will makes it a low flush toilet or you can use a displacement bag in your tank, which might save you 1-2 gallons per flush.84. A promise B process C product D progress86. A while B before C after D since87. A off B in C far D away88. A careful B cheerful C comfortable D changeable89. A all B some C both D either90. A cast B take C spend D buy91. A arrange B try C find D inventD. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper wordsAnger is a common and healthy human emotion, But when it get out of control, It can c______ problems: problems at work, in your personal relationships and in your family life, Everybody gets angry sometimes. Although being angry is a familiar situation, what you do when you feel angry is important. This is d_______ for kids and even for adults, too.These ideas may calm you down and help solve the problem which is troubling you. First, exercise can be good for people who are trying to get their tem pers u______ control because it’s a method of releasing energy and stress. For example, you will feel good to dance around your room with your favorite music! Second, get into the h______ of saying how you’re feeling and why. If you are having trouble with your temper, talk with your parents or friends and tell them what you are trying to do . Words help you show your feelings and r_____ understanding from others. Third, breathe deeply and repeat a calm word or phrase s______, such as relax or take it easy to yourself while breathing. Besides, you’d better think of people and things you are thankful for because you can’t be truly angry and thankful as the same time.Anger is never an excuse to give up your work or influence the people around you .,Remember: life will always be filled with p______, frustrated and some other unexpected actions. You can’t change that, but you can change your way to face the events that affect you. Learning to control your angry responses can help you stay away from being even unhappier.E. Answer the questions.Mark Twain was a famous American writer. He wrote many stories and many of them were very funny stories. These stories are still read by many people all over the world. Besides writing, he also liked hunting and fishing very much, so one year he went to Maine for a holiday and spent three very pleasant weeks in the woods there.Hen he had to go back home, he drove to the station with his luggage. There he asked a porter to put into the train.Then he got into the smoking car and sat down in one of the comfortable seats there. The car was empty when he got in , but a few minutes later, another man got in and sat down on the seats opposite his. Mark twain looked sat the man and thought that this man looked quite unpleasant. However, it would be impolite to say nothing in that situation, so he said good morning to the man and they begin to talk.First they talked about the weather and then they talked about Maine. The stranger said, “We have some beautiful woods in Maine. It would be a pity to come to Marine without spending some time there. I suppose you have been in our woods, haven’t you?”“yes, I have,” answer Mark Twain. “I’ve just spent three weeks there and I had a very good time, too. And let me tell you someth ing. Although fishing isn’t allowed in Maine in this season, I’ve got two hundred pounds of beautiful fish with my luggage in this train. I like to eat fish, so I packed it in ice to take it home with me. May I ask who you are, sir?”The stranger looked at Mark Twain for several seconds and then answered, “I’m a police officer. My job is to catch people who hunt and fish during the wrong seasons. And who you are?” Mark Twain was surprised and frightened when he heard this. He thought quickly and then answ ered, “Well, I will tell you, sir, I am the men who tells the biggest lies in America.”99. What is Mark Twain famous for?100. Why did he go to Maine for a three-week holiday?101. How did he get his luggage into the train?102. When did Mark Twain and the stranger opposite begin to talk?103. People aren’t allowed to catch fish in the wrong seasons in Maine, are they?104. Why did Mark Twain tell the man that he told the biggest lies in America?105. In your opinion what kind of person is Mark Twain?IX. Writing (共18分)106. Write a passage of at least 60words on the topic “Helping others makes me ______”(以帮助他人使我________为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格)注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名、及其他相关信息，否则不予以评分Use the following points as a reference.Do you often help others?How do you help others? Give some examples.Why do you offer your help? 【keys】31-40 B D D B B A B C C D41-50 B A C A D B C C B D51-56 D B A B C B57. fifth 58. themselvess 59. Canadian 60. immediately 61. natural 62. arguing 63. dishonest 64. better65. Does have 66. How long 67. What fun 68. beheld 69. lucky enough 70. didn't he;71-77 F T F F T T F78-84 B D A C A D B85-91 B A D C C A B92. cause 93. difficult 94. under 95. habit 96. receive 97. slowly 98. pain;99. His (funny) stories.100. Because Mark Twain /he liked hunting and fishing very much.101. Mark Twain /He asked a porter to put it into the train.102. After Mark Twain said good morning to the man.103. No, they aren't.104. Because Mark Twain /he wanted to/To make the man believe /his words, /what he had said was a lie. /Because Mark Twain /he wouldn't want to be arrested/punished...105. Mark Twain /He was cute/clever... (Any reasonable answer is OK.)......。

上海二模英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共15分）1. What is the man going to do this evening?A. Go to a movieB. Attend a concertC. Visit a museum2. Why did the woman refuse the man's invitation?A. She has to work overtimeB. She has a prior engagementC. She is not interested in the event3. What does the woman mean by saying "I'm all ears"?A. She is eager to listenB. She is not listeningC. She is confused by what she heard4. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and studentB. Doctor and patientC. Friends5. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Travel plansB. Weather conditionsC. Hobbies二、语法与词汇（共20分）6. The weather was so cold that we decided to ________ our trip.A. call offB. call onC. call forD. call up7. She is always the first to arrive at the office and the last to ________.A. leave offB. take offC. put offD. get off8. The company has ________ a new policy to improve employee satisfaction.A. carried outB. looked intoC. come up withD. gone through9. He was so ________ in the book that he didn't hear the doorbell.A. lostB. foundC. missedD. missed out10. The experiment was a success, and all the data ________ carefully.A. was recordedB. were recordedC. is recordedD. are recorded三、阅读理解（共30分）11. According to the passage, what is the main cause of the environmental problem?A. Industrial pollutionB. DeforestationC. Climate changeD. Overpopulation12. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem?A. Stricter regulationsB. Public awareness campaignsC. International cooperationD. Technological innovation13. What is the author's attitude towards the current situation?A. OptimisticB. PessimisticC. NeutralD. Critical14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The problem is too complex to solve.B. The situation is improving.C. Immediate action is necessary.D. The author is uncertain about the future.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To informB. To persuadeC. To entertainD. To describe四、写作（共35分）16. Write an essay of about 150 words on the following topic: "The Importance of Environmental Protection"Answer Key:1-5: ABBCA6-10: ACDCA11-15: CDBAC16. [Answer not provided for essay question]。

2011上海高考二模英语答案汇总（全部）2011卢湾区高考英语二模卷参考答案Section A 1-5 BDCCD6-10 DBBDBSection B 11-13 BAA14-16 BCDSection C 17. 180818. toilet19. leaking20. three-day21. angry customers22. transferred to Boston23. Early next month24. location and reputation25-40 BCBAD CBDCD ADCAB A.Section B41. H42. E43. D44. A45. C46. F47. B48. I49. GIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A50-54 CBCBD55-59 BABCB60-64 AACDCSection B65-68 DBDC69-71BCD72-75 DDBASection C76-80 FECADSection D81. she received words of praise from that father82. earn / win / make friends all over the world/from all parts of the world83. Praise is a sort of spiritual reward for our work./Praise is a sort of recognition of our work.84. To tell us to take every chance to praise others第II卷（45分）I. Translation1. The low-carbon life is getting more and more popular among/with young people.2. Many people who failed did not realize that they were just one step away from success. Many losers don’t realize that they are just one step away from success.3.The exhibition of the photos was so successful that within months Jason quit his job to becomea professional photographer.4.Some experts think too much homework and lack of exercise have bad effects on students’ health and learning problems.5. Those who live in high-rises should learn to take all measures against accidents and to save themselves when an emergency occurs.Those who live in high-rises should learn to take action to prevent accidents from happening and learn to save themselves when emergencies occurring / at the time of emergencies.Ⅱ. Guided Writing略2011长宁区高考英语二模卷参考答案第Ⅰ卷第一大题第1至10小题每题一分。

静安 杨浦 宝山 嘉定区四区联考（二模）2011年高三英语学科模拟测试试卷第I 卷 （共105分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations 1. A. Stop the bus. B. Walk to the zoo. C. Cross the street. D. Call the police. 2. A. On a farm. B. In a plane. C. In a coffee shop. D. In a restaurant. 3. A. Confusing. B. Popular. C. Boring. D. Interesting. 4. A. Cooler and drier. B. Warmer and drier. C. Warmer and rainier. D. Sunnier and wetter. 5. A. She is quite busy now. B. She doesn’t like grammar.C. She will be absent for the exam then. D. She is poor in grammar, too. 6. A. Both of the speakers understand Peter well. B. One of the speakers is from America. C. Peter is a college track runner. D. Peter uses too much American English. 7. A . She’s learned a lot of western customs and languages. s learned a lot of western customs and languages. B . She didn’t get along well at the party.C. She majored in social science. D. She felt lucky to have been invited to the party. 8. A. The man will attend a meeting this weekend. B. The man decides not to go to New York. C. The man is likely to go to New York by plane. D. The man is going to go diving for entertainment. 9. A. It’s no longer available. B. It’s only for rent, not for sale. C. It’s not as good as advertised . D. It ’s far away from house agency. 10. A. The girl’s careless ness in walking. B. Mr. Black’s driving too fast. C. Mr. Black’s careless ness in driving. D. The bad condition of the road. Section B Passages Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. 11. A. To improve students A. To improve students ’ intellec t. B. To give advice on study. C. To give a lesson on test. D. To teach how to communicate with scholar. 12. 12. A. They provide good grades. A. They provide good grades. B. They can double our reading speed. C. They help us find out our weak points. D. They teach us how to take a shortcut. 13. 13. A. Listen carefully in class. A. Listen carefully in class. B. Make a good plan on studying. C. Find a good place for your study. D . Shape a correct view on tests. D. Shape a correct view on tests. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. 14. A. Nighttime. A. Nighttime. B. The News. C. Educational cartoons. D . The Children’s Room.15. 15. A. Eleven. A. Eleven. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Three. 16. 16. A. A movie star. A. A movie star. B. A newspaper reporter. C. A TV host or hostess. D. A radio manager. Section C Longer ConversationsBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. EVENING CLASSES STUDENT REGISTRATION FORMþ Personal detailsName Maria _____17_____Nationality MexicanLanguage _____18_____Address 24 Cherry RoadOccupation StudentPostcode CB1 5AWPhone No. 742980þ Course detailsSubject EnglishLevel _____19_____Type of course Long course about_____20__________20_____ monthsBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation .Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. What does Susan have to do on Saturday morning? _____21_____. When is Susan going to meet Julie? _____22 _____ p.m.. What does S usan’Susan’Susan’s brother do on Saturday afternoon? s brother do on Saturday afternoon? _____23_____ . Why can’t they watch a video at Susan’s house? The machine _____ 24_____. II. Grammar and VocabularySection A 25. Rock’n’roll Rock’n’roll was Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks was Black music that broke through to white culture when whites played the Blacks’ songs_____ the same style. A. with B. on C. in D. by 26. 26. The information he gave us was quite different from _____ we got ourselves. The information he gave us was quite different from _____ we got ourselves. A. one B. those C. that D. it 27. –I’–I’m sorry I insulted you, Jimmy. m sorry I insulted you, Jimmy. –That That’’s _____ like it. A. more B. most C. less D. least 28. 28. There _____ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. There _____ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustn’t B. shan ’t C. shouldn ’t D. needn ’t 29. 29. He damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone _____. He damaged his leg so badly in the accident that the bone _____. A. exposed B. has exposed C. is exposed D. was exposed 30. 30. If you If you ―look the other way ǁ while something bad is happening, that means you choose _____ that thing. A. ignoring B. to ignore C. ignored D. to be ignored 31. 31. At present, a few American companies _____ deals with Chinese companies to license Chinese technology. At present, a few American companies _____ deals with Chinese companies to license Chinese technology. A. are even making B. even make C. even made D. have even made 32. 32. It It’s a shame to say it again, but I did tell a lie when _____ last time in my teacher ’s office. A. having questioned B. to question C. questioned D. to be questioned 33. 33. We haven We haven’t settled the question _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that 34. 34. My grandfather runs in the park nearby every morning _____ it rains. My grandfather runs in the park nearby every morning _____ it rains. A. except that B. except when C. except D. except for 35. 35. None of us think it any good _____ a contract with such a dishonest boss. None of us think it any good _____ a contract with such a dishonest boss. A. signing B. to sign C. signed D. sign 36. 36. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading to the A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading to the arrest of the bank robbers. A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whom 37. 37. Many a time _____ her answers in the test paper because she is not confident enough of herself especially Many a time _____ her answers in the test paper because she is not confident enough of herself especially when it comes to a critical moment. A. the girl has changed B. has changed the girl C. did the girl change D. has the girl changed 38. 38. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying message among people _____ well E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying message among people _____ well satisfies human needs. A. what B. who C. that D. how 39. 39. My uncle hesitated for a long time _____ he decided to buy a flat, as he was not quite sure whether the price My uncle hesitated for a long time _____ he decided to buy a flat, as he was not quite sure whether the price of the house would go up or not. A. unless B. before C. if D. until 40. 40. _____ by the host three times, the contestant had to turn to the audience present for help. _____ by the host three times, the contestant had to turn to the audience present for help. A. Having denied B. Denying C. Being denied D. Having been denied Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma(哮喘) attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural natural that that that most most most moms moms moms and and and dads dads dads will will will try try try just just just about about about anything anything —including including spending spending spending a a lot lot of of of money money —to to keep keep keep an an attack at __41__. Trouble is, more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don’t work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the__42__. According According to to to Dr. Dr. Dr. Michael Michael Michael Cabana, Cabana, Cabana, a a a pediatrician pediatrician pediatrician at at at the the the University University University of of of Michigan Michigan Michigan’’s s C.S. C.S. C.S. Mott Mott Mott Children Children Children’’s Hospital, who led the study, one of the most__43__ mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites(尘螨)for a child whose asthma instead was made even worse by plant pollen. Many of those parents then __44__ __44__ to to to do do do what what what would would would have have have helped helped helped a a a lot lot lot more: more: more: shut shut shut the the the windows windows windows to to to keep keep keep pollen pollen pollen out. out. out. Another Another Another was was was using using using a a humidifier for a child who was allergic （过敏）to dust mites; a humidifier__45__ to be a place where dust mites like to __46__. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better. Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn’t even try to quit or at least__47__ themselves themselves to to to smoking smoking smoking outdoors outdoors outdoors rather rather rather than than than just just just moving moving moving to to to another another another room room room or or or the the the garage. garage. garage. Many Many Many smoking smoking parents__48__ expensive air filters that have what Cabana called ―questionable utility.ǁPart of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically __49__. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what will and won’t work in their child’s particular case. III. Reading ComprehensionSection AAesthetic （审美的）thought thought of of of a a a distinctively distinctively distinctively modern modern modern art art art emerged emerged emerged during during during the the the 1818th century. century. The The The western western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters as natural beauty, the sublime, and representation representation——a trend __50__ the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature. __51__ that time, however, the philosophy of art has become ever more famous and has begun to__52__ the philosophy of nature. Various issues__53__to the philosophy of nature have had a(n) __54__ impact on the orientation of 20th-century aesthetics. aesthetics. Foremost Foremost Foremost among among among these these these are are are problems problems problems relating relating relating to to to the the the theory theory theory of of of art art art as as as form form form and__55__ and__55__ and__55__ the the the distinction distinction between between representation representation representation and and and expression. expression. expression. Still Still Still another another another far-reaching far-reaching far-reaching question question question has has has to to to do do do with with with the the the value value value of of of art. art. art. Two Two __56__ theoretical positions have taken on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, __57__ the other maintains that art is intrinsically(固有的) valuable and is an end in itself. Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing preoccupation with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, __58__have followed either of the two approaches. In one, criticism is __59__ to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. __60__, it is devoted to expressing the response to the aesthetic object and to justifying a particular way of perceiving it. Over Over the the the years, years, years, aesthetics aesthetics aesthetics has has has developed developed developed into into into a a a broad broad broad __61__ __61__ __61__ of of of knowledge knowledge knowledge and and and inquiry. inquiry. inquiry. The The The __62__ __62__ __62__ of of contemporary aesthetics include such problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to __63__; the viability(可行性) of a history of art; the significance of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in __64__ reasoning in the A. breed B. common C. limit D. spends E. process F. purchased G. tends H. bay I. unnecessary J. neglected conduct of everyday affairs. 50. A. making B. applying C. taking D. reflecting 51. A. Before B. Over C. Since D. From 52. A. transplant B. transfer C. support D. replace 53. A. chief B. central C. main D. prime 54. A. remarked B. marked C. considered D. refused 55. A. to B. for C. of D. on 56. A. opposite B. similar C. same D. opposed 57. A. and B. or C. though D. while 58. A. artists B. writers C. critics D. philosophers 59. A. concentrated B. involved C. informed D. restricted 60. A. In the other B. In another C. In the other way D. In other ways 61. A. issue B. field C. area D. section 62. A. anxieties B. worries C. concerns D. cares 63. A. painting B. object C. culture D. development 64. A. practical B. ideal C. actual D. theoretical Section B (A)The The red red red phone phone phone box box box in in in Britain Britain Britain is is is a a a perfect perfect perfect example example example of of of the the the British British British traditional traditional culture. However, with the fast development of mobile phones, it has lost its place in people’s everyday life. In order to save their loved red phone boxes, people have thought up many ideas, for example, to turn them into toilets or art houses. In a village in Somerset, a place in South West England, villagers have found a novel way to save their red phone box. They turned it into a mini libraryto cope with the shortage of libraries in their area. The idea was given by a local villager, Janet Fisher, who lives opposite the phone box. Villagers rallied together to set up the book box after their mobile library service was cancelled. Over 100 books and a variety of movies and music CDs are available at this tiny library. The books are of of different different different kinds, kinds, kinds, ranging ranging ranging from from from cooking cooking cooking books books books to to to the the the classics classics classics and and and children’s children’s books. People can put the books that they have read inside the phone box, and take away the books that they’d like to read. The books are always changing. There is a regular check on the books to keep the phone box collection fresh. Anyone is free to come to read books there. The phone box library is open every day around the clock and is lit at night. ―It’s very pleasing that the red phone box has been saved. More importantly, it can continue providing a service for us,ǁ said one of the villagers. 65. The red phone box has been a symbol of ______. A. the European architecture B. the British culture C. the development of technology D. British people’s daily life 66. The underlined word ―novel novelǁǁ in paragraph 2 means ______. A. separate B. traditional C. ridiculous D. new 67. People in Somerset turned the red phone box into a mini library to ______. A. keep its original function B. make up for the lack of library service C. provide a place to exchange ideas D. to enlarge the collection of the local library 68. Which of the following statements is true about the red phone box? A. The library is open to the public only at night. B. The library was set up by a local villager living opposite a phone box. C. People can borrow books and other audio-visual products there. D. Regular check is made to keep the books in good order. (B)Admission is free for all participants! AMAZING FAMILY NATURE HUNTCare for Nature! The Hunt Is Now On!·DATE: 20 November 2011 REPORTING TIME FOR ALL PARTICIPATING TEAMS: 8:30 a.m. VENUE: Sungei Buloh Nature Park HOW TO PLAY 1.Every family team is required to hunt in the park for the answers to a set of 15 questions relating to nature. 2.Every Every family family family team team team has has has to to to visit visit visit all all all the the the activity activity stations so as to find answers to the 15 questions. 3.The hunt has to be completed within 2 hours. 4. The The first first first family family family team team team to to to answer answer answer all all all questions questions correctly correctly within within within the the the required required required time time time wins wins wins the the the first first prize. prize. The The The other other other prizes prizes prizes are are are also also also won won won in in in order order order of of merit. 5.Family Family teams teams teams may may may choose choose choose to to to complete complete complete assigned assigned tasks at at activity activity activity stations stations stations in in in order order order to to to score score score bonus bonus points. 6. Exchange Exchange the the the bonus bonus bonus points points points for for for mystery mystery mystery gifts gifts gifts at at the the registration registration registration booth booth booth from from from 9 9 9 am am am to to to 12 12 12 noon noon noon on on 20 November. RULES AND REGULATIONS To enter this hunt, form a family team comprising of 2 adults (aged 21 and above) and 2 children (aged 12 and below). Registration Registration is is is open open open daily daily daily from from from 25 25 25 October October October to to to 10 10 November 2011(9 a.m. to 6 p.m.) REGISTRATION COUNTERWiedken & Kennedy Advertising #10-08 Specialist Shopping Centre PRIZES 1st prize: $800 cash, $600 worth of prizes 2nd prize: $600 cash, $400 worth of prizes 3rd prize: $400 cash, $200 worth of prizes 4th -10th prize: $200 cash, $100 $200 cash, $100 worth of prizes 25 consolation prizes: $100 cash and $50 worth of prizes A specially-designed T-shirt will be given to all participants. In addition, each participating team will receive a souvenir! Hurry! Limited to 200 family teams only.69. Each participating team will receive ______. A. 1 T-shirt and 1 souvenir B. 4 T-shirts and 1 souvenir C. 1 T-shirt and 4 souvenirs D. 4 T-shirts and 4 souvenirs 70. A family team which does not complete any task at the activity stations but has completed the hunt at 11.30 a.m. will ______. A. not be entitled to any prize B. be awarded a mystery gift C. be awarded the consolation prize D. not receive the T-shirts 71. The main purpose of the hunt is to ______. A. get people to spend time with family B. attract people to win cash and prizes C. encourage people to appreciate nature D. promote Wiedken & Kennedy Advertising ( C )Contrary to many people believe, highly intelligent children are not necessarily certain to achieve academic success. success. In In In fact, fact, fact, so-called so-called so-called gifted gifted gifted students students students may may may fail fail fail to to to do do do well well well because because because they they they are are are unusually unusually unusually smart. smart. smart. Ensuring Ensuring Ensuring that a that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people. One common problem problem gifted gifted gifted kids kids face face is is is that that that they, they, they, and and and those those those around around around them, them, them, place place place too too too much much much importance importance importance on on being being smart. smart. smart. Such Such Such an an an emphasis emphasis emphasis can can can encourage encourage encourage a a belief belief that that that bright bright bright people people people do do do not not not have have have to to to work work work hard hard hard to to to do do do well. well. Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades, when the work is easy, they may struggle and perform perform poorly poorly poorly when when when the the the work work work gets gets gets harder harder harder because because because they they they do do do not not not make make make the the the effort effort effort to to to learn. learn. learn. If If If the the the academic academic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period, many teachers will fail to recognize their potential. As a result, such students may not get the encouragement they need, further depressing their desire to learn. They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior problems. IQ is just one element among many in the recipe for success —Children develop well or struggle in school for a host of reason apart from IQ. These include motivation （积极性）and persistence, social competence, and the support of family, educators and friends. Because highly gifted children solve the most varied thought problems faster and more thoroughly than those with more average talents do, they need additional intellectual stimulation while they wait for the rest of the kids to learn the basics. Two central approaches are used to satisfy the educational needs of such children: acceleration and enrichment. enrichment. Acceleration Acceleration Acceleration means means means studying studying studying material material material that that that is is is part part part of of of the the the standard standard standard subjects subjects subjects for for for older older older students. students. Enrichment involves learning information that falls outside the usual subjects. A child might skip one or more grades as a way of accelerating in school. But being with older children for the entire entire school school school day day day——and and perhaps perhaps perhaps for for for grade-based grade-based grade-based extracurricular extracurricular extracurricular activities activities activities such such such as as as sports sports sports——can can make make make a a a child child child feel feel inferior in every realm outside of academics. One very bright fourth-grader who had skipped two grades remained far ahead of his classmates intellectually, but as his classmates reached puberty （青春期）, his social and other shortcomings became painfully apparent. While acceleration is not an option, or not a good one, enrichment can be. After all, school is not a race but an adventure in learning. As such, the goal is not finishing first but absorbing as much knowledge as possible in the time assigned. Thus, providing opportunities for a child to study topics outside the regular subjects can be at least as valuable as pushing him or her through the required material faster. 72. 72. What is the basic reason for the low academic achievement of highly intelligent children? What is the basic reason for the low academic achievement of highly intelligent children? A. Teachers’ failure to recognize their potential.B. Too much emphasis on being intelligent. C. Studying topics outside the regular subjects. D. Lack of encouragement from teachers. 73. 73. According to the passage, which of the following belongs to enrichment activities for talented children? According to the passage, which of the following belongs to enrichment activities for talented children? A. Skipping one of more grades and studying together with older children. B. Learning the same material in the standard subjects for older students. C. Learning information that is not included in the regular subjects. D. Learning how to read with fluency even in their pre-school days. 74. 74. Which of the following statements do you think is true about the writer? Which of the following statements do you think is true about the writer? A. He is in favor of enrichment rather than acceleration. B. He is in favor of acceleration rather than enrichment. C. He speaks highly of both enrichment and acceleration. D. He thinks neither enrichment nor acceleration is a good choice. 75. 75. In this article, the writer intends to ______. In this article, the writer intends to ______. A. point out the weaknesses of acceleration for gifted children B. compare acceleration with enrichment for gifted children C. stress the importance of enrichment for gifted children D. discuss how to bring out gifted children’s potentialSection CA. Train conflict-management B. Teach mutual respect C. Guide children by personal examples D. Recognize the existence of sibling conflict E. Show appreciation for who your child is F. Do not play favorites 76. Sibling conflict is as old as Cain and Abel, as legendary as Cinderella and her stepsisters and can be as deadly as the daughters of King Lear. Parents should know the battles are inevitable and must prepare their kids to defuse potentially ugly situations. And there will be times w hen parents must come to a child’s defense and say, ―We are family, and we will not say anything that doesn’t build up one another. We will respect each other.ǁ Use following tips for encouraging kindness in the home: 77. Do not allow allow your your your children to children to insult insult one one another. Words are are extremely extremely extremely powerful, powerful, powerful, and and snide snide comments comments comments can can damage deeply. Experts say every negative comment needs at least five positive remarks to even out. Teach your children children to to to be be be kind kind kind and and and to to to appreciate appreciate appreciate each each each other. other. other. Encourage Encourage Encourage your your kids kids to to to see see see each each each other’s other’s other’s talents. talents. talents. Through Through recognizing these unique strengths, they will be able to work together well. 78. Sibling rivalry usually originates from a child feeling that the other sibling is loved more, and in some cases when parents are being substantively unfair or show favoritism toward one child, this indeed may be the problem. In Genesis, we see the damage done by Jacob’s favoritism of Joseph. Remember that all children are created equal, but not all children are the same. Recognize and prai praise se each child’s individual skills, strengths and accomplishments without implying that one child is somehow better. Be sure each child receives adequate parental interest and quality time. 79. Do not deny your child’s feelings, but help him learn to exp ress emotions in an appropriate way. If you see your your child child child acting acting acting jealously, jealously, jealously, encourage encourage encourage him him him to to to identify identify identify the the the emotion emotion emotion by by by saying, saying, saying, ―I ―I understand understand that that that you you you feel feel feel bad bad because…ǁ or ―I know you hurt because…ǁ Helping your children figure out the causes of their actio ns will help them learn how to deal with problems in the future. 80. Most parents realize children imitate what they see, so look at the example you set. Do you compete with your siblings? Or do you consistently show kindness to your brothers and sisters? By checking your actions, you can be better prepared to show your children how to emerge the best of friends following the inevitability of a little sibling conflict. Section DDirections: Read Read the the the passage passage passage carefully. carefully. carefully. Then Then Then answer answer answer the the the questions questions questions or or or complete complete complete the the the statements statements statements in in in the the the fewest fewest possible words. Too much eating. Too many unhealthy foods. Too many advertisements for food. Too little activity. Different explanations explanations are are are offered offered offered for for for America’s America’s America’s weight weight weight problem problem — a a problem problem problem increasingly increasingly increasingly shared shared shared by by by other other other countries. countries. Almost one-fifth of American children and teenagers are overweight. Schools have been urged to increase physical education, an important tool for public health. And many have. Yet now comes a study showing an increase in the number of injuries in ―phys edǁclass. Injuries increased one hundred fifty percent between nineteen ninety-seven and two thousand seven. The study involved injuries treated in hospital emergency departments. Only two percent were serious. The researchers did not try to identify the causes of the increase, but they have some theories. Lara McKenzie from Ohio State University was the lead researcher. She says one possibility is a decrease in the number of school nurses during the period they studied. For example, a two thousand four study showed that the number of school nurses nationally failed to meet federal guidelines. Schools without a nurse on duty may be more likely to send an injured child to a hospital. Another possible reason for more injuries is a change in the tradition al idea of physical education. This ―New P.E.ǁ expands the kinds of sports that are taught. But activities that some schools offer now, like rock climbing and skateboarding, can also expand the risks, says Cheryl Richardson. She is with the National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Also, Also, she she she says says says not not not all all all states states states require require require P.E. P.E. P.E. teachers teachers teachers to to to be be be specially specially specially trained. trained. trained. Untrained Untrained Untrained teachers teachers teachers could could could be be be less less likely to recognize unsafe conditions. Cheryl Richardson also points to one of the study’s findings — that injuries are often the result of contact with a person or a structure. This tells her that the teachers were not giving each student enough space to move around safely. Six Six activities activities activities produced produced produced seventy seventy seventy percent percent percent of of of all all all injuries: injuries: injuries: running, running, running, basketball, basketball, basketball, football, football, football, volleyball, volleyball, volleyball, soccer soccer soccer and and gymnastics. 。