直接引语变化为间接引语 , 被动语态,used to的用法

一．直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。

间接引语一般构成宾语从句。

直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。

直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1．时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said， asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。

例如：Tom said to me，“My brother is doing his homework．”→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework．2．人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化：根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：She asked Jack，“Where have you been?”→She asked Jack where he had been．He said，“These books are mine．”→He said that those books were his．（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。

转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me， him， her， us等。

如：She said，“Is your father at home?”→She asked me if/whether my father was at home．“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me．→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday．直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask， tell， order 等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。

直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。

变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was a doctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。

不能省略“Are you English”He asked me→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ” He asked me→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) .She asked, “What does he want”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。

基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:①He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.②She asked, “What is Tom doing →She asked what Tom was doing.③She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leave a message onhis desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。

直接引语变间接引语：主句为一般过去式（said、told），从句时态倒移，从句的主语变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变。

被动语态：一现被动：主语+be（am，is，are）+v.过分一过被动：主语+was/were+v.过分现完被动：主语+have/has+been+v.过分一．按要求改写句子1.“ You are still ugly, ” Sally said to the lady. （变成间接引语）_____________________________________________________2.I took her to a children’s party last month. （变成被动语态）_____________________________________________________3.We clean our classroom every day. （变成被动语态）_____________________________________________________4.She found the kitten yesterday. （变成被动语态）_____________________________________________________5.Who painted the bookcase? (使用被动语态回答her father)_____________________________________________________二．合并句子：改写为含有宾语从句的句子。

1.He has another chance. They told him.______________________________________________________2.Have you ever seen the film ? She wants to know.______________________________________________________3.Is he a student? I don’t know.______________________________________________________4.Which film do you like best ? I want to know.______________________________________________________5.When did you first meet ? Can you tell me?______________________________________________________三．根据括号里的提示完成句子1.I want to know if she _______ English. (understand)2.Do you know what they are _______ about ? (talk)3.The boss wants to know why he hasn’t _______ the work. (finish)4.My wife wants to know when I _______ home yesterday evening? (arrive)5.Can you tell me if it will _______ tomorrow ? (snow)6.She wants to know if you have _______ the exam. (pass)7.The teacher wants to know why he _______ in the last race. (fail)8.Every mother wants to know what she can _______ to her children. (offer)9.Helen wants to know if Jim _______ New York last month. (fly)10.Does he know what grandma is _______ to ? (listen)四．选词填空what if there got lazy1.She didn’t say _______ her mother was at home.2.Do you know when Tom _______ up this morning.3.Can you tell me _______ you hear ?4.I want to know if you will be _______ tomorrow.5.His wife wants to know why he is so _______.五、将下列句子变成被动语态1.Tom broke the glass just now.2.He invited me to the party.3.Somebody cleaned the room yesterday.4.They water these flowers every day.5.We have emptied the baskets. （）六、单项选择1.What language in America?A. speakB. spokeC. spokenD. is spoken2.They to clean the classroom yesterday.A. are askedB. were askedC. askedD. Ask3 .This kind of flower must every day.A .water B.be watered C .watered D .watering4 .This kind of bike in Tianjin.A .is madeB .makesC .is makingD .made。

直接引语变间接引语的用法由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：1、直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。

He said, "You are younger than I.” He said (that) I was younger than him.2、直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。

（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。

She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。

I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。

He asked, "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived.3、直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window." →The teacher told the boy to open the window. His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.” →His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意]（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。

[总结范文]直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语一、直接引语变间接引语A．疑问句的间接引语1．一般疑问句和反意疑问句一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if或whether，其主句动词常用ask，wonder，wanttoknow，didn’tknow等。

句末不用问号。

myteacheraskedme，DoyoulikeAmericancountrymusic我老师问我：你喜欢美国乡间音乐吗？转变为：myteacheraskedmeifwhetherIlikedAmericancountrymus ic。

我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡间音乐。

youhaven’tbeentoBeijing，haveyouaskedhe。

他问：你没去过北京，是吗？转变为：HeaskedmeifwhetherIhadbeentoBeijing。

他问我是否去过北京。

2．特殊疑问句间接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问词作为连词引导宾语从句，注意从句务必用陈述语序，主句谓语动词常用ask。

Heasked，Howdoyoulikeit他问：你觉得怎样？转变为：HeaskedmehowIlikedit。

他问我觉得它怎样。

Sheaskedme，what’sthematterwithyou她问我：你怎样啦？转变为：Sheaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme。

她问我我怎样啦。

Howmanybooksdoyouhavesheasked。

她问：你有多少本书？转变为：SheaskedmehowmanybooksIhad。

她问我有多少本。

3．否定的一般疑问句和选取问句如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选取疑问句时，用whether?r连接。

Shesaid，Don’tyouknowmytelephonenumber她说：你难道不明白我的电话号码吗？转变为：SheaskedmewhetherIknewhertelephonenumberornot。

直接引语变间接引语语法讲解直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如：Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.”They said, “We want to have a rest.”间接引语（Reported Speech，又叫Indirect Speech）即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。

上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是：Mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friend.They said they wanted to have a rest.一、人称人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如：She said. “My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?"→He asked Kat e how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如：Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.二、时态直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。

直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语常用的有三种情况1、陈述句变成间接引语，（1）―I am a teacher" she said.She said that she was a teacher.―You don't tell her my telephone number" he said.He said (that) I didn't tell her his telephone number.要注意时态的变化一般现在时变成一般过去时。

一般过去时变成过去完成时，现在完成时变成过去完成时，一般将来时变成过去将来时，this 变成that these变成those, here 变成there ,today变成that day, yesterday 变成the day before, tomorrow 变成next day,the day after tomorrow变成in two days' time.now 变成then等等。

2、将一般疑问句变成间接引语在这样的句子中要加―if" ―是否‖的意思。

（1)"Are you a student?"She asked me if I was a student.她问我是否是一位学生。

将原来的疑问句放在if 后面,但语顺变成肯定式的语顺。

另外还可以用whether 来表示。

She askede me whether I was a student.(2) "Did you finish your work yesterday?"He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.3.将特殊疑问句变成间接引语"What time is it?"He asked me what time it was."When will you go to town?"He asked me when would I go to town.在这样的句子里除疑问词放在间接引语的前面外，后面也是陈述句的语序。

英语转述句规则
英语转述句是指将直接引语转换为间接引语的过程，即将别人的原话以自己的话重新表达出来。

以下是一些英语转述句的规则：
1. 人称代词和时间状语的变化：根据转述者的身份和时态，对人称代词和时间状语进行相应的变化。

例如，将第一人称代词"I"转换为第三人称代词"he/she"，将时间状语如"today"转换为相应的过去或未来时间。

2. 动词的变化：将直接引语中的动词根据需要进行时态、语态和人称的转换。

例如，将一般现在时转换为一般过去时，将动词的主动语态转换为被动语态。

3. 介词和连接词的变化：根据转述句的结构和语境，适当调整介词和连接词的使用。

例如，将直接引语中的"to"转换为"for"，或将直接引语中的"that"转换为"if"等。

4. 句子结构的变化：根据需要对句子结构进行调整，以使转述句的语法正确和流畅。

例如，将直接引语中的问句转换为陈述句，或将从句改写为简单句。

5. 引号的去除：将直接引语中的引号去除，以表示该部分已经不再是原话的直接引述，而是转述者的表达。

需要注意的是，英语转述句的规则可能因语境、语气和个别情况而有所变化。

在实际应用中，应根据具体情况和语言习惯进行适当的调整。

在进行英语转述时，确保正确表达原话的意思，并根据语法和语言规则进行准确的转换。

间接引语直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法间接引语：直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法在日常的交流和写作中，我们经常会使用引语来引述他人的话语、观点或资料。

引语分为直接引语和间接引语两种形式。

本文将详细介绍直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法。

一、直接引语和间接引语的定义直接引语是将其他人的话语直接引述出来，完全保留原话的句子结构和语气，使用引号标注。

例如：直接引语：他说：“我很喜欢这本书。

”间接引语则是以自己的话语表达他人的意思，不用完全保留原话的句子结构和语气，没有引号。

例如：间接引语：他说他很喜欢那本书。

二、直接引语和间接引语的转换在使用直接引语和间接引语时，我们需要根据具体的语境和文章需要进行相应的转换。

1. 直接引语转换为间接引语将直接引语转换为间接引语的关键是要改变时态、人称和语气。

具体转换规则如下：（1）时态变化：根据引述的时间关系，将时态进行相应的变换。

直接引语（一般现在时）：她说：“我爱这个城市。

”间接引语（一般过去时）：她说她爱那个城市。

（2）人称变化：将引语中的人称变为第三人称，以符合间接引语的表达习惯。

直接引语：玛丽说：“我会去参加会议。

”间接引语：玛丽说她会去参加会议。

（3）语气变化：根据引语的语气，将其变为陈述句或疑问句。

直接引语（陈述句）：他说：“我很忙。

”间接引语（陈述句）：他说他很忙。

直接引语（疑问句）：她问：“你去吗？”间接引语（疑问句）：她问我是否去。

2. 间接引语转换为直接引语将间接引语转换为直接引语时，需要相应地恢复原话的句子结构和语气，具体转换规则如下：（1）恢复原话的时态、人称和语气。

间接引语：他说他很忙。

直接引语：他说：“我很忙。

”（2）根据上下文进行适当的补充和修正。

间接引语：她说她不会来了。

直接引语：她说：“我不会来了。

”三、直接引语和间接引语的用法1. 直接引语的用法直接引语在文章中使用时要加引号，并根据具体的情况采用适当的标点符号。

同时，我们还可以使用引用标注或上下文引导来引入直接引语。

直接引语和间接引语的时态和语态转换引言，无论直接引语还是间接引语，在中文写作中都是常用的表达方式。

正确处理直接引语和间接引语的时态和语态转换是写作的基本技巧之一。

下面将讨论如何准确地转换直接引语和间接引语的时态和语态。

时态转换：1. 直接引语转间接引语的时态转换：当我们将直接引语转换为间接引语时，一般需将时态往过去转换。

示例：直接引语：He said, "I am going to the park tomorrow."转换为间接引语：He said that he was going to the park the next day.注意：在将时态转换为过去时时，还需注意以下几种情况：- 当直接引语中的动作是客观、普遍事实时，转换为间接引语时可以保持原始时态不变。

示例：直接引语：He said, "The sun rises in the east."转换为间接引语：He said that the sun rises in the east.- 如果直接引语中的动作或状态是永久性的，应使用现在时态。

示例：直接引语：She said, "I love coffee."转换为间接引语：She said that she loves coffee.2. 间接引语转直接引语的时态转换：当我们将间接引语转换为直接引语时，一般需将时态往现在转换。

示例：间接引语：She said that she loved coffee.转换为直接引语：She said, "I love coffee."注意：在将时态转换为现在时时，也需注意以下几种情况：- 当间接引语的动作或状态是客观、普遍事实时，转换为直接引语时可以保持原始时态不变。

示例：间接引语：He said that the sun rises in the east.转换为直接引语：He said, "The sun rises in the east."- 如果间接引语中的动作或状态是永久性的，应使用现在时态。

直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况1、陈述句变成间接引语（1）“I am a teacher" she said.She said that she was a teacher.“You don't tell her my telephone number" he said.He said (that) I didn't tell her his telephone number.要注意时态的变化一般现在时变成一般过去时。

一般过去时变成过去完成时，现在完成时变成过去完成时，一般将来时变成过去将来时，this 变成that these变成those, here 变成there ,today变成that day, yesterday 变成the day before, tomorrow 变成next day, the day after tomorrow变成in two days' time，now 变成then等等。

2、将一般疑问句变成间接引语在这样的句子中要加“if" “是否”的意思。

（1)"Are you a student?"She asked me if I was a student.她问我是否是一位学生。

将原来的疑问句放在if 后面,但语顺变成肯定式的语顺。

另外还可以用whether 来表示。

She asked me whether I was a student.(2) "Did you finish your work yesterday?"He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.3.将特殊疑问句变成间接引语"What time is it?"He asked me what time it was."When will you go to town?"He asked me when would I go to town.在这样的句子里除疑问词放在间接引语的前面外，后面也是陈述句的语序。

如何把直接引语转换为间接引语引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。

间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。

直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that．．．．引导，很多时候可省略that。

例如：She said, "I am very happy to help you."→She said she was very happy to help me.She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.”→She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day.She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.”→She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years.She said, “ I am reading a book now.”→She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment.John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday”→John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether．．．．．．．或if．．（是否）引导。

先把直接引语变为陈述句语序，再放在whether或if后面。

例如：He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"→→He asked me whether/if I liked playing football.He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”→You will come to my birthday party.→He asked Mary whether/if she would come to his birthday party.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。

英语中直接引语变成间接引语时从句时态无须改变的情况有哪些直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say, “I'll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——> Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：例如：The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.” ——>The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——> He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.。

直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；另一种是间接引语，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。

下面我们一起来学习几种直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧。

一、人称的转换1. 直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称如：He said，“I am very sorry.”→He said that he was very sorry.2. 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，应转换为第一人称如：“You should be more careful next time.”my father told me.→ My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3. 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，要转换成第三人称如：She said to her son，“I’ll check your homework tonight.”→ She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等如：He asked me，“Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon？”→He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.5. 口诀巧记人称变化口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。

（1）“一主”指当直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时，要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。

如：He said，“I am forty.”→ He said that he was forty.（2）“二宾”指当直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时，要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称上的一致。

直接引语和间接引语的转换方法英语直接引语（direct speech）是直接将别人的原话或陈述内容用引号标注，而间接引语（indirect speech）是转述别人的原话或陈述内容而不使用引号标注。

在将直接引语转换为间接引语时，需要进行一些语法和词汇上的调整。

以下是转换的方法：1. 时间和地点的变化：- 如果转述的谈话发生在过去，直接引语中的时间和地点词需要相应的过去时态变化，如"now" 变为 "then"，"here" 变为"there"。

- 如果转述的谈话发生在现在，则不需要改变时间和地点词。

2. 人称的变化：- 一般来说，将第一人称（如"I"）变为第三人称（如"he"），将第二人称（如"you"）变为相应的人称（如"she"）。

- 如果转述的谈话发生在过去，则要相应地改变人称的时态，如现在时变为过去时。

3. 动词的变化：- 将直接引语中的动词时态改为适当的间接引语时态。

例如，将直接引语中的一般现在时"am/is/are"改为一般过去时"was/were"，将一般过去时改为过去完成时，等等。

4. 介词的变化：- 根据动词或名词的要求，根据需要调整直接引语中的介词使用和位置。

5. 语态的变化：- 如果直接引语是主动语态，转换为间接引语时可以保持主动语态或改为被动语态，根据需要进行调整。

需要注意的是，每个句子和语境可能有不同的转换规则和要求，以上提供的是一般的转换方法。

通过练习和实践，可以进一步掌握直接引语和间接引语的转换。