一般过去时过去进行时被动语态

被动语态的八种基本结构(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。

如：Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。

(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。

如：The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。

(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。

如：The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。

(4) 过去进行时：was/were being +过去分词。

如：This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。

(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。

如：The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。

(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。

如：The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。

(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。

如：This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。

(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。

如：When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。

时态的公式
1.一般过去时：did
2.一般将来时：will+do/be going to+do
3.一般现在时：do/does
4.现在进行时；be+doing
5.现在完成时：have/has+done
6.现在完成进行时：have/has+been+doing
7.过去进行时：was/were+doing
8.过去完成时：had+done
9.过去完成进行时：had been+doing
10.将来进行时：will+be+doing
11.将来完成时：will+have+done
12.将来完成进行：will+have+been+doing
13.一般过去将来时：would+do或者was/were+going to+do
14.过去将来进行时：would+be+doing
15.过去将来完成时：would+have+done
16.过去将来完成进行时：would+have+been+doing
被动语态
1)一般现在时：am/is/are+done
2)一般过去时：was/were+done
3)一般将来时：will+be+done
4)过去将来时：would+be+done
5)现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done
6)过去进行时：was/were+being+done
7)将来进行式：will+be+being+done
8)现在完成时：have+has+been+done
9)过去完成时：had+been+done
10)将来完成时：will+have+been+done。

被动语态概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态的句子。

主动语态与被动语态之间转换：把宾语放在主语的位置，再加be done（也可再加by sb表示被谁）基本结构：be＋done(动词的过去分词)1.一般现在时的被动语态(主语+am/is/are + done.)I clean the floor every day.被动肯定句The floor is cleaned（by me）every day.被动否定句The floor isn’t cleaned (by me) every day.一般疑问句Is the floor cleaned (by you) every day？2.一般过去时的被动语态(主语+was/were + p.p.)Jim broke the cup.肯定句The cup was broken by Jim.否定句The cup wasn’t broken by Jim.一般疑问句Was the cup broken by Jim？3.一般将来时的被动语态(主语+will/be going to+be+p.p.)We will hold the meeting in October.肯定句The meeting will be held (by us) in October.否定句The meeting won’t be held (by us) in October.一般疑问句Will the meeting be held in October？4. 现在完成时的被动语态（主语+have/has been+p.p）I have finished the homework.肯定句：The homework has been finished by me.否定句：The homework hasn’t been finished by me.一般疑问句：Has the homework been finished by you?5. 情态动词的被动语态（主语+情态动词can/should/may…+be p.p.）肯定句：Knives can be made by steel.否定句：Knives can’t be made by steel.一般疑问句：Can knives be made by steel?6. 现在进行时的被动语态He is being asked questions now.He isn’t being asked questions now.Is he being asked questions now?7. 过去进行时的被动语态He was being asked questions at that time.He wasn’t being asked question at that time.Was he being asked question at that time.被动语态在运用过程中的几个注意事项(1)连系动词如smell，taste，sound，look，taste等用主动结构表示被动。

八种时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时(经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done一般过去时(过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done一般将来时(将要发生的事) will do will be done现在进行时(现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done过去进行时(当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done现在完成时(过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done过去完成时(过去完成的事；过去以前发生的事) had done had been done过去将来时(过去将要发生的事) would do would be done八种时态：• He is always ready to help others. 一般现在时• She often came to help us in those days.一般过去式• He is doing his homework now. 现在进行时• At that tim e she was doing her homework.过去进行时• I've written an article.现在完成时• By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 。

过去完成时• It is going to rain.一般将来时• I asked who was going there. 过去将来时一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), oncea week, on Sundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

主动语态和被动语态一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成： is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们教室每天都被打扫。

I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。

Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。

2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成： was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。

Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。

3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。

Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。

4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成： am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。

They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them.他们在那里种植的树木。

5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。

Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。

一般将来时(Simple Future):主动语态：明天我将会见我的朋友。

(I will meet my friend tomorrow.)被动语态：我的朋友将被我明天见到。

(My friend will be met by me tomorrow.)主动语态：下个月我将搬到一个新的城市。

(I will move to a new city next month.)被动语态：一个新的城市将被我下个月搬到。

(A new city will be moved to by me next month.)主动语态：明年我将开始学习弹钢琴。

(I will start learning to play the piano next year.)被动语态：学习弹钢琴将被我明年开始。

(Learning to play the piano will be started by me next year.)现在进行时(Present Continuous):主动语态：我正在看电视节目。

(I am watching a TV show.)被动语态：电视节目正在被我观看。

(A TV show is being watched by me.)主动语态：他们正在制定新的计划。

(They are making new plans.)被动语态：新的计划正在被他们制定。

(New plans are being made by them.)主动语态：我们正在等待朋友的到来。

(We are waiting for our friend's arrival.)被动语态：朋友的到来正在被我们等待。

(Our friend's arrival is being waited for by us.)现在完成时(Present Perfect):主动语态：我已经完成了我的工作报告。

(I have finished my work report.)被动语态：我的工作报告已经被我完成了。

精心整理被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词的过去分词2.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词3.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+动词的过去分词4.一般将来时的被动语态：willbe+动词的过去分词5.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+doing+动词的过去分词6.过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+doing+动词的过去分词7.现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+动词的过去分词8.过去完成时的被动语态：had+been+动词的过去分词9.过去将来时的被动语态：would/should+be+动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1)需要强调动作的承受者时TheGreatWallisenjoyedbymillionsofpeopleallovertheworldEnglishiswidelyspokenintheworldnow.(2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr.Wangisinvitedtothemeetingtoday.Theproblemisdealtwithnow.(3)当说话人需要强调客观时Itissaidthatshewasabeautywhenshewasyoung.三．主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变bedone,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

四、语态转换不被动语态的步骤1,把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2,把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。

3,原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。

各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成：1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。

This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。

These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。

2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如：The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。

Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。

3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如：We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。

My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。

4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如：The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。

He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。

5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如：The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。

The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。

6．过去完成时的被动语态构成：（had been done）如：By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年十二月底他们已建造了三艘船。

各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成：1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。

This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。

These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。

2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如：The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。

Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。

3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如：We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。

My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。

4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如：The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。

He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。

5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如：The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。

The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。

动词的语态：主动语态和被动语态被动语态的基本结构：Be + done（过去分词）1、一般现在时：（主动语态）I help you.发出者动词承受者变为被动语态：Do——am/is/are doneYou are helped by me.承受者谓语发出者2、一般过去时的被动：did——was/were done（I helped you.-每个例子可让学生自己先尝试变被动，再给答案）3、一般将来时的被动：Will do——will be done（I will help you.-）4、现在进行时的被动：Am/is/are doing ——Am/is/are being done（I am helping you.-）5、过去进行时的被动：Was/were doing——Was/were being done（I was helping you.-）6、现在完成时的被动：Have done——have been done （I have helped you.-）7、过去完成时的被动：Had done——had been done （I had helped you.-）8、过去将来时的被动：Would do ——would be done （I would help you.-）答案：2、You were helped by me.3、You will be helped by me.4、You are being helped by me.5、You were being helped by me.6、You have been helped by me.7、You had been helped by me.8、You would be helped by me.。

八种常用时态的被动语态被动语态是动词语态的一种形式,表示主语是动作的承受者。

在历年的中考题中,都有一定数量的考查被动语态的题目。

因此,在总复习阶段,有必要对被动语态进行系统复习。

下面就来介绍被动语态复习的"三步曲",来帮助大家掌握这个语法项目。

第一曲:掌握被动语态的结构被动语态由"助动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成。

不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。

现将初中阶段常见的几种时态的被动语态总结如下:8种常用时态的被动语态由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。

(1) 一般现在时:am/is/are +过去分词。

如: Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。

(2) 一般过去时:was/were+过去分词。

如:The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。

(3) 现在进行时: am/is/are being +过去分词。

如: The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。

(4) 过去进行时:was/were being +过去分词。

如:This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。

(5) 一般将来时:will be +过去分词。

如:The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。

(6) 过去将来时:would be +过去分词。

如:The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。

(7) 现在完成时:have/has been +过去分词。

被动语态比较主动语态与被动语态：（主动）The office （被动）（主动）The office was （被动）1、一般现在时的被动结构：am/is/are+done（过去分词）如：People in China speak Chinese. Chinese is spoken by people in China.2、一般过去时的被动结构：was/were+done如：Tom bought some cakes. Some cakes were bought by Tom.3、一般将来时的被动结构：shall/will be done.如：Our school will hold a sports meeting. A sports meeting will be held by our school.4、情态动词的被动结构：must/may/can/need/should+be done.如：We must send her to hospital. She must be sent to hospital by us.5、现在完成时的被冻结构：have/has been done.如：He has learned many words. Many words have been learned by him.6、现在进行时的被动结构：am/is/are being done如：the office is being cleaned at the moment.比较主动语态与被动语态（主动）The door is being painted7、感官动词没有被动，总是用于一般现在时或一般过去时基本时态1、一般现在时：用来表示一般性的事实或有时或往往发生的事情主语+动词标志词：always/never/often/sometimes/usually 等频度副词如：I like big cities. I don't like big cities.The shop open at 9 o'clock and close at 5.30.Sue always arrives at work early.I usually go to work by car but sometimes I walk.2、现在进行时am/is/are+doing如：Tom is having a shower at the moment.You can turn off the television.I'm not watching it.这些动词不用于现在进行时：Like/love/want/know/understand/remember/depend/prefer/ hate/need/mean/believe/forget如：I'm tired.I want to go home.（而非I'm wanting）‘Do you know that girl?’‘Yes,but I don't remember her name.’3、一般过去时：主语+动词过去时如：I/we/you/they/he/she/it+watchedThey watched television yesterday evening.①否定式：可用did/didn't+动词原形如：We went to the cinema but we didn't enjoy the film.②疑问句：did+主语+动词原形如：What did your sister phone you?Where did your parents go for their holiday?4、过去进行时was/were+doing如:What were you doing at 11:30 yesterday? Were you working?In 1985 we were living in Canada.5、现在完成时：have/has+done①表示过去发生的而现在有结果的动作如：I've lost my passport. （我现在找不到我的护照）We've bought a new car.（我们现在有了一辆新车）标志词：just/already/yetWe've already met.②谈论从过去到现在的一段时间如一个人的一生时，用现在完成时（have been/have had/have played）如：Have you ever been to Japan?(从过去到现在)‘Have you been to France?’（一生中）‘No,I haven't.’现在完成进行时+ ever (疑问句中)与never比较：‘Has Ann ever been to Australia?’‘Yes,once.’(once表示“一次”) My mother has never travelled bu air.(从来没有)④gone与been比较：Bill has gone to Spain.(他现在在西班牙)Bill has been to Spain.(他去了西班牙但是现在回来了，即曾经去过/到过)6、过去完成时：had+done表示发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果如:When I woke up,it had already stopped raining.I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.。

英语常见的动词时态和语态时态是英语中表达时间和动作发生顺序的重要语法要素，而语态则用于表达主语和动作之间的关系。

掌握常见动词时态和语态的用法，对于提高英语语言的准确性和流利性至关重要。

本文将介绍英语中常见的动词时态和语态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、一般过去将来时、过去完成将来时、被动语态等。

一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理，也用于对现状的描述。

一般现在时的构成是主语+动词原形（第三人称单数要加s或es）。

例句：1. I play football every weekend.2. He reads a book every night.3. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）一般过去时用于表达过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。

一般过去时的构成是主语+动词过去式。

例句：1. She studied English last night.2. They went to the park yesterday.3. The movie ended two hours ago.一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）一般将来时用于表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或状态。

一般将来时的构成是主语+will+动词原形。

例句：1. I will travel to Japan next month.2. We will have a meeting tomorrow.3. She will call you later.现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）现在进行时用于表示现在正在进行的动作。

现在进行时的构成是主语+is/am/are+动词-ing形式。

一般过去时一、一般过去时的基本构成1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were2、其他动词用过去式的形式二、一般过去时的基本用法1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

例如：时间状语有：yesterday,last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday.② We visited the factory last week.2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

因此在这类句子中，经常使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。

① When I was a child, I often played football in the street.② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given awarm welcome.那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。

**表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。

（强调现在已经不这样了）Eg I used to get up early in the morning.3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。

Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。

（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。

这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。

实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。

（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。

但是现在我知道你没病）4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。

英语的所有时态结构英语语法中存在多个时态，每个时态都有其特定的结构和用法。

以下是英语的主要时态结构：1. 一般现在时（Simple Present）:结构：主语+ 动词原形（第三人称单数加-s）例：I play tennis every weekend. He plays tennis every weekend.2. 一般过去时（Simple Past）:结构：主语+ 动词过去式例：I played tennis yesterday. He played tennis yesterday.3. 一般将来时（Simple Future）:结构：主语+ 将来时助动词"will" + 动词原形例：I will play tennis tomorrow. He will play tennis tomorrow.4. 现在进行时（Present Continuous）:结构：主语+ 现在进行时助动词"am/is/are" + 现在分词例：I am playing tennis now. He is playing tennis now.5. 过去进行时（Past Continuous）:结构：主语+ 过去进行时助动词"was/were" + 现在分词例：I was playing tennis when it started raining. He was playing tennis when it started raining.6. 将来进行时（Future Continuous）:结构：主语+ 将来进行时助动词"will be" + 现在分词例：I will be playing tennis at 3 PM tomorrow. He will be playing tennis at 3 PM tomorrow.7. 现在完成时（Present Perfect）:结构：主语+ 现在完成时助动词"have/has" + 过去分词例：I have played tennis before. He has played tennis before.8. 过去完成时（Past Perfect）:结构：主语+ 过去完成时助动词"had" + 过去分词例：I had played tennis before it started raining. He had played tennis before it started raining.9. 将来完成时（Future Perfect）:结构：主语+ 将来完成时助动词"will have" + 过去分词例：I will have played tennis by the time you arrive. He will have played tennis by the time you arrive.10. 一般现在时被动语态（Simple Present Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"am/is/are" + 过去分词例：The book is read by many students.11. 一般过去时被动语态（Simple Past Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"was/were" + 过去分词例：The cake was eaten by the children.12. 一般将来时被动语态（Simple Future Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"will be" + 过去分词例：The letter will be sent tomorrow.13. 现在进行时被动语态（Present Continuous Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"am/is/are" + 现在分词例：The house is being built.14. 过去进行时被动语态（Past Continuous Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"was/were" + 现在分词例：The movie was being watched by many people.15. 将来进行时被动语态（Future Continuous Passive）:结构：主语+ 被动语态助动词"will be" + 现在分词例：The report will be being discussed at the meeting.。