外研版初一英语第21讲：Module11词汇篇

外研版初一英语第21讲：Module11词汇篇____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________________掌握重点词汇及短语并能灵活运用。

1. smile v. &n. 微笑◆We Chinese often shake hands and smile when we meet visitors, a nd sometimes we nod our heads.当会见来访者的时候，我们中国人经常握手微笑，有时候我们点头。

◆What are you smiling at? 你在笑什么?◆She welcomed him with a smile. 她笑着欢迎他。

【探究总结】smile 的用法(1)smile作动词用，常构成短语：smile at, 意为〝对……微笑〞;(2)smile作名词用，常构成短语：with a smile, 意为〝面带微笑〞;(3)smile和laugh的区别：smile一般是无声的微笑；laugh一般是有声的笑、大笑，laugh at 是嘲笑。

2. each pron. 各个，每个◆In the US some people shake hands, and some kiss or hug each other.在美国，有些人握手，有些人亲吻或彼此拥抱。

◆He gave a book to each of his parents.他给他父母各送了一本书。

◆He gave each boy an apple.他给每个男孩一个苹果。

【探究总结】each 形容词代词①each 和other构成相互代词each other, 相当于one another，而ever y不和other连用②each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个，而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个，不能指两个中的每一个, 如可以说each of my eyes, 不可说every one of my eyesevery形容词①every和not连用构成不完全否定。

each不和not连用②表示〝每隔……〞、〝每……〞，要用〝every＋基数词＋复数名词〞。

这种结构中的every不能用each替代3. hold v. (held) 握着；使不动◆South Americans sometimes hold your arm when they talk to yo u. 南美人在和你谈话时，有时候会抓住你的胳膊。

◆John held a knife in his hand.约翰手里握着一把小刀。

【探究总结】hold的用法作及物动词用，意为〝握着；使不动；举行；包含；容纳〞，常构成短语：hold on意为〝(打电话时)别挂断〞；hold on to 意为〝抓住不放；紧紧抓住〞。

4. It’s+形容词+to do sth. 做某事是……的◆In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when you talk.在一些地方，当你说话的时候看着人是不礼貌的。

◆It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。

◆It’s difficult for us to finish the work.对我们来说，完成这项工作很难。

【探究总结】It’s + 形容词+ to do sth. 句型在英语中，如果作主语的动词不定式太长，为了避免头重脚轻，一般用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句尾。

It is+形容词+of sb. + to do sth.形容词描述行为者的性格品质，如ki nd, nice, polite等.It is+形容词+for sb. + to do sth. 形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如e asy, interesting等.5. bring v. (brought) 带来◆You cannot bring food or drink into the lab.你不能把食物和饮料带进实验室。

【探究总结】bring的用法(1)bring作动词用，意为〝带来〞，其过去式为brought，常构成短语：bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 意为〝给某人带来某物〞；bring up 意为〝养育〞。

(2)bring, take, carry与get的用法辨析：bring表示从别处把某人或物〝带来〞或〝拿来〞take指把某人或物〝带走〞或〝拿走〞(到别处)carry指〝搬运〞，不具体说明来去的方向，有时含有沉重或麻烦之意get 指到别处把某物取来, 相当于go and bring1. Our teacher came into the classroom ______.A. with smileB. with smilesC. with a smileD. in a smile2. Everyone_______him when he ran past us.A. laugh atB. smile atC. laughedD. smiled at3. ______of the girls has got a pencil and some paper.A. AllB. EveryC. EveryoneD. Each4. —How often does the Olympic Games take place?—______.A. Each four yearsB. Every four yearsC. Every yearD. Each year5. —May I speak to Jim, please?—______ .A. Hold on, pleaseB. Hold up, pleaseC. Hold out, pleaseD. Hold over, please6. Shall I______my sister here next time?A. bringB. takeC. carryD. getIt’s very nice______pictures for me.A. of you to drawB. for you to drawC. for you drawingD. of you drawing______very hard______ him to study two languages.A. It’s; ofB. It’s; forC. That’s; ofD. That’s; for基础演练用所给词的适当形式填空It’s polite up when your teacher comes into the classroom. (stand)2. Please your homework to school tomorrow. (bring)3. They a meeting tomorrow. (hold)4. My mother gave me an apple with .(smile)5. The teachers always ________ at us. (smile)巩固提高1. 这个大厅只能容纳这么多人。

The hall can______only so many people.2. 你应该微笑并和他们握手。

You should ________ and ________ ________ with them.3. 让我们彼此拥抱一下吧。

Let’s _______ ________ _________.4. 在有些国家，你说话的时候盯着别人是不礼貌的。

In some countries, to look at people when you talk.5. 给我拿杯茶，好吗？Would you please me a cup of tea?单项选择1. I’m glad to meet so many ______ here.A. visitB. visitsC. visitorD. visitors2. We should speak to the old______.A. politeB. impoliteC. politelyD. rude3. He ran ______fast for me______ catch up with.A. too; toB. so; thatC. such; thatD. enou gh; to4. What do you say to your parents when you go to sleep in the evening?—______.A. Thank youB. Good morningC. Good nightD. Good evening5. You can stand close ______ people in the Middle East.A. forB. toC. atD. around6. I ll tell you some ways ______ English.A. learnsB. learningC. to learnD. learned7. Mount Tai is ______ than Mount Emei.A. higherB. highC. lowerD. low8. My pen friend is from a ______ country.A. foreignerB. foreignersC. foreignD. west9. I don t like apples ______.A. veryB. quiteC. very muchD. at all10. ______ talk in class.Sorry, I won t.A. Please notB. Don tC. Doesn’tD. Didn’t完形填空People use body language for sending messages to one another. It is very 1 because it can help you make yourself easily understood whe n you are talking with others. For example, waving one’s hand is to say 〝goodbye〞. Shaking hands 2 welcome. Nodding the head means agr eement, but shaking the head means disagreement. Both Chinese and forei gners accept the gestures (手势) as having 3 same meanings.Different countries have different body languages. For example, 4 i n Russia, France and Arab countries, people kiss each other when they m eet, but men in China or Australia shake hands 5 kissing. People in Pu erto like touching each other, but people in Britain do not touch each oth er. People in Arab countries like standing 6 one another when they are talking, 7 English people must keep a distance 8 when they ar e talking.When you use a foreign language, it is very important to know the meanings of gestures in the foreign country. Following the customs (习俗) will help you communicate 9 people and make your stay there much more 10 and comfortable.1. A. helpful B. difficult C. easy D. usele ss2. A. mean B. means C. to mean D. mean ing3. A. a B. an C. the D. /4. A. when B. if C. before D. u nless5. A. such as B. instead of C. instead D. as w ell6. A. nearly B. far away C. close to D. in front of7. A. and B. or C. however D. but8. A. from B. to C. of D. a way9. A. with B. for C. toD. through10. A. important B. interesting C. pleasant D. su ccessful____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________工大附第二次月考阅读理解Before you go to another country it is a great help ifyou know the language and some of the customs(风俗)of the country. When people meet each other for the firsttime in Britain, they say 〝How do you do? 〞and shake hands(握手). Usually they do not shake hands when they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they haven t met for a long time or when they will be away from eac h other for a long time. Last year a group of German students went to E ngland for a holiday. Their teacher told them that the English people hard ly shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station，the y kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned t hat the Germans shake hands as often as possible，so they put their hand s in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.1. It is _____ if you know the language and some of the customs of the country.A. not usefulB. not helpfulC. very usefulD. very hard2. English people usually shake hands when they _____.A. meet every timeB. meet for the first timeC. say goodbye to each otherD. say hello to each other3. Usually English people don’t shake hands _____ .A. when they will be away for a long timeB. when they say 〝How do you do? 〞C. when they just meet or say goodbyeD. after they haven’t met for a long time4. Which is RIGHT?A. German people shake hands as often as possible.B. English people like shaking hands very much.C. German people hardly shake hands.D. Neither English people nor Germans like shaking hands.5. This story is about _____ .A. shaking handsB. languageC. customsD. language and customs单项填空1. Here ______ a pen and some books for you.A. beB. areC. isD. being2. How about ______ to school by bus?A. goingB. goC. to goD. goes3. Is the supermarket very ______ your house?No. It often takes me half an hour to go there by bike.A. far fromB. close toC. close fromD. near to4. My foreign teacher comes from______, and he speaks______.A. German; GermanB. Japan; JapaneseC. Russian; RussiaD. British; English5. —Do you know why he failed(失败)?—I think that’s ______ he was too careless.A. becauseB. whyC. soD. for6. It is important for us ______ English well.A. learnB. learningC. learnedD. to learn7.______get off the bus before it stops.A. Don tB. Doesn’tC. Didn’tD. N ot8. They entered the room______.A. arm with armB. arm to armC. arm in armD. arm on arm9. My friend ______ the book with him when he came to see me.A. tookB. carriedC. broughtD. got10. Lin Ming and I are good friends. We often help______.A. other eachB. each otherC. others eachD. each others完形填空People use body language to send messages to others. It is very 1 because others can understand you easily when you use body language. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using 2 . For example, waving one’s hand is to say 〝Good-bye〞. Shaking hands means welcome, and clapping hands 3 congratulations(祝贺). Nodding the head means YES, but shaking the head means NO.Different countries have 4 body language. For example, when in5 , France and Arab countries, people kiss each other when they meet,6 men in China or Australia shake hands. People in Puerto Rico like touching each other, but people in Britain do not touch each other. Peopl e in Arab countries like7 close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. It i s very important8 the meanings of gestures and movements in the fore ign country9 they will help you communicate with people and make y ou stay there much more 10 and comfortable.1. A. helpful B. difficult C. easy D. us eless2. A. words B. gestures C. handshake D. hands3. A. to mean B. mean C. means D. m eaning4. A. the same B. a same C. the different D. different5. A. Russia B. the Russia C. Russian D. a Ru ssia6. A. and B. or C. but D. so7. A. stand B. stands C. sit D. standing8. A. knowing B. know C. to know D. k nows9. A. when B. because C. so D. if10. A. important B. sad C. interesting D. pleas ed阅读理解AWhen people meet each other for the first time in Britain, they say 〝How do you do〞and shake hands. Usually they do not shake handswhen they just meet or say goodbye. But they shake hands after they ha ven’t met for a long time or when they will be away from each other f or a long time.Last year a group of German students went to England for a holida y. Their teacher told them that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their backs. The English students had learned that the Germans s hake hands as often as possible, so they put their hands in front and got ready to shake hands with them. It made both of them laugh.1. It is ______ if you know some of the customs(风俗)of the countr y.A. not usefulB. not helpfulC. very helpfulD. very bad2. English people usually shake hands when they______.A. meet every timeB. meet for the first timeC. say goodbye to each otherD. say hello to each other3. Usually English people don t shake hands______.A. when they will be away for a long timeB. when they say How do you do?C. when they just meet or say goodbyeD. after they haven t met for a long time4. Which is RIGHT?A. German people shake hands as often as possible.B. English people like shaking hands very much.C. German people hardly shake hands.D. Neither English people nor Germans like shaking hands.5. This story is about______.A. shaking handsB. languagesC. customsD. languages and customsBDo you know Weibo? Do you write a Weibo? If you don't, you are "out"! Weibo means micro-blog. People may spend much time writing a blog, but it takes a littletime to write a micro-blog.Why? Because everymessage on a micro-blog is less than 140 words.Micro-blog started in the USA. It came to China in 2018 and it has developed very fast. In 2019, the number of Chinese micro-bloggers gre w to 300 million. Now, more and more people are interested in writing micro-blogs. For many micro-blog users, it is a great way of learning the freshest news,talking with friends and sharing different kinds of informati on, including news, daily life, pictures,music and so on. Many stars and f amous people also write micro-blogs and share good things with their fan s.It is easy and fast to send a message on a micro-blog. However, this can also lead to problems and even cause panic . For example, whe n the big earthquake and tsunami hit Japan in March, 2019, messages lik e " Salt can protect people from radiation" were hot on micro-blogs. It s oon caused a crazy buying of salt. Later people realized it was just a ru mor (谣言).In a word, micro-blog plays a new role in the life of Chinese p eople.1. People spend _____ time and _____ words writing micro-blog.A. little, a fewB. a little, fewC. a little, a fewD. a few, a l ittle2. There were 300 million Chinese micro-bloggers in _____.A. 2019B. 2018C.2019D.20193. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Writing a micro-blog needs a special training.B. Micro-blog appeared in China only one year ago but it has devel oped rapidly.C. As a popular thing, micro-blog has its advantages and disadvantag es.D. More and more Chinese show great interest in micro-blog because it started in the USA.CA famous study was done in a school by a professor from a univer sity. At the start of the school year, the teachers were given the names o f five children. They were told that these five were the most excellent st udents in the class. But the fact was that these students were only averag e，and they were not the best students at all. Well, guess what? At the e nd of the year, all the five average students scored among the highest in the class.What made these average students change so much to become top students？The only difference was the change in their teachers’attitude. Because the teachers believed that these five kids were the top students，t hey expected more from them. And so these five average students began to believe and expect more from themselves. So they worked harder to d o as well as they could.Do you know why? If you expect the best from people, they’ll usually want to give you their best. A great leader said, 〝Treat a person just how he appears to be on the outside, and you’ll make him even w orse. But treat a person like he’s already a success，and you’ll help m ake him the best he can be.〞Like the true story of 7-year-old Johnny, his teacher got so angry with him that one day she said，〝Johnny，you’re the naughtiest boy i n this class. I’m sure you’ll never change.〞The next year Johnny had a new teacher. And on the first day of class，she met with Johnny after school and said，〝Johnny, I’ve heard a lot about you! But do you kno w that I don’t believe a word of it.〞And every day after that, this ne w teacher treated Johnny as if he was one of the smartest students even when Johnny did naughty things. Later on, Johnny became a school leade r. Because that’s the power of our belief and attitude toward children.1. The professor started his research by _______.A. teaching the five children himselfB. asking the five children to find a new teacherC. telling the five students to work harder than ever beforeD. telling the teacher the five students were the best in the class2. The five average students became top students mainly because of ________.A. the professor’s studyB. the teachers’hard workC. the change in the teachersD. the change in the teachers’attitude3. What does the passage mainly tell us？A. Attitude and belief can change a person.B. Only teachers can make you a top student.C. A professor’s study can help you score highest.D. If you want to get more，you should have new teachers.。