安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三下学期期中考试物理试题

2024届安徽省铜陵市第五中学物理高三第一学期期中学业水平测试试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、2018年1月11日，福建省高校首支女子手球队在莆田学院成立．女子手球比赛采用的是质量m=0.4kg的2号球，若2号手球竖直向下以5 m/s的速度落至水平地面，再以3 m/s的速度反向弹回．取竖直向上为正方向，在小球与地面接触的时间内，关于球∆和合外力对小球做的功W，下列结果正确的是的动量的变化量p∆=0.8 kg. m/sA．W=-6.8J，p∆=0.8kg. m/sB．W=-3.2J，p∆=3.2 kg. m/sC．W=-6.8J，p∆=3.2 kg. m/sD．W=-3.2J，p2、在电荷量分别为2 q和-q的两个点电荷形成的电场中，电场线分布如图所示，在两点电荷连线上有a、 b、 c三点，且b、c两点到正点电荷距离相等，则（）A．在两点电荷之间的连线上存在一处电场强度为零的点B．将一电子从a点由静止释放，它将在a、b间往复运动C．c点的电势高于b点的电势D．负试探电荷在a点具有的电势能大于在b点时的电势能3、现象一：傍晚用电多的时候，灯光发暗，而当夜深人静时，灯光特别明亮；现象二：在插上电炉等大功率电器时，灯光会变暗，拔掉后灯光马上亮了起来．下列说法正确的是（）A．现象一是因为夜深人静时，周围比较黑，突显出灯光特别明亮B．现象二是因为电炉等大功率电器的电阻都比较大引起的C．两个现象都可以用电阻定律R=ρL/S来解释D．两个现象都可以用闭合电路欧姆定律来解释4、如图所示，足够长的传送带以恒定速率顺时针运行。

2013-2014学年度铜陵市第五中学5月月考卷高一物理试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：鲍爱霞第I 卷（选择题）一、选择题（共12小题，每题4分，共48分；每小题只有一个正确答案） 1．下列关于功的说法,正确的是A.力对物体做功多,则物体的位移一定大B.力对物体不做功,则物体一定没有发生位移C.力对物体做正功时,力一定与物体的位移方向一致D.力对物体不做功时,若物体有位移,则力一定与物体的位移方向垂直 2．关于第一宇宙速度，下列说法中正确的是 A ．它是人造地球同步卫星的运行速度B ．它是使卫星进入近地圆轨道的最小发射速度C ．它是人造地球卫星绕地球飞行的最小运行速度D ．它是卫星在椭圆轨道上运行时在远地点的速度 3．关于功率公式P=tW和P=Fv 的说法正确的是 A.由P=tW可知,只要知道W 和t 就可求任意时刻的功率. B.由P=Fv 只能求某一时刻的瞬时功率.C.由P=Fv 可知汽车的功率和它的速度成正比.D.由P=Fv 可知,当汽车的发动机功率一定时,牵引力与速度成反比.4．据报道，最近在太阳系外发现了首颗“宜居”行星，其质量约为地球质量的6.4倍，一个在地球表面重力为600 N 的人在这个行星表面的重力将变为960 N ．由此可推知，该行星的半径与地球半径之比约为A ．0.5B ．2C ．3.2D ．45．如图所示，质量相等的甲、乙两人分别站在赤道和纬度为450的地面上，他们随地球一起绕地轴做匀速圆周运动，则下列物理量相同的是A ．线速度B ．角速度C ．向心力D ．向心加速度6．如图所示的皮带传动装置，主动轮1的半径与从动轮2的半径之比R 1:R 2 = 2:1，A 、B 分别是两轮边缘上的点，假设皮带不打滑，则下列说法正确的是 A ．A 、B 两点的线速度之比为v A :v B = 1:2 B ．A 、B 两点的角速度之比为v A :v B = 2:1 C ．A 、B 两点的加速度之比为a A :a B = 1:2 D ．A 、B 两点的加速度之比为a A :a B = 2:17．通运输中,常用“客运效率”来反映交通工具的某项效能, “客运效率”表示每消耗单位2B能量对应的载客数和运送路程的乘积,即客运效率=消耗能量路程人数⨯.一个人骑电动自行车,消耗1MJ(106J)的能量可行驶30Km,一辆载有4人的普通轿车,消耗320MJ 的能量可行驶100Km,则电动自行车与这辆轿车的客运效率之比是A.6:1B.12:5C.24:1D.48:78．一质量为m 的汽车,它的发动机额定功率为P,开上一倾角为α的坡路,设坡路足够长,摩擦阻力是车重的K 倍,汽车在上坡过程中最大速度为 Ａ．αsin mg P Ｂ．mg P αcos Ｃ．)sin (α+k mg P Ｄ．mgkP9．用大小相同的水平恒力分别沿着粗糙水平地面和光滑水平地面拉动原来处于静止的两个质量相同的物体移动相同一段距离，该过程中恒力的功和平均功率分别为W1、P1和W2、P2, 则两者关系是A. W1=W2、P1＜P2B. W1＞W2、P1＞P2C. W1=W2、P1＞P2D. W1＜W2、P1＜P210．我国志愿者王跃参与人类历史上第一次全过程模拟从地球往返火星的一次试验“火星－500”，王跃走出登陆舱，成功踏上模拟火星表面，在“火星”上首次留下中国人的足迹，目前正处于从“火星”返回地球途中．假设将来人类一艘飞船从火星返回地球时，经历如图所示的变轨过程，则下列说法正确的是A ．飞船在轨道Ⅱ上运动时，在P 点的速度等于在Q 点的速度B ．飞船在轨道Ⅰ上运动时经过P 点的速度大于在轨道Ⅱ上运动时经过P 点的速度C ．飞船在轨道Ⅰ上运动到P 点时的加速度等于飞船在轨道Ⅱ上运动到P 点时的加速度D ．飞船绕火星在轨道Ⅰ上运动的周期跟飞船返回地面的过程中绕地球以轨道I 同样的半径运动的周期相同11．如图所示，用力拉一质量为m 的物体，使它沿水平匀速移动距离s ，若物体和地面间的摩擦因数为μ，则此力对物体做的功为A ．μmgsB ．μmgs/（cos α+μsin α）C ．μmgs/（cos α-μsin α）D ．μmgscos α/（cos α+μsin α）12．如图所示，质量为m 的物块始终固定在倾角为θ的斜面上，下列说法中不正确的是 A ．若斜面向右匀速移动距离s ，斜面对物块没有做功 B ．若斜面向上匀速移动距离s ，斜面对物块做功mgsC ．若斜面向左以加速度a 移动距离s ，斜面对物块做功masD ．若斜面向下以加速度a 移动距离s ，斜面对物块做功m （g+a ）s第II 卷（非选择题）二、填空题（共3题，每小题4分，共12分）13．设地球的质量为M ，半径为R ，则环绕地球飞行的第一宇宙速度v 的表达式为______________；某行星的质量约为地球质量的1/4，半径约为地球半径的1/2，那么在此行星上的“第一宇宙速度”与地球上的第一宇宙速度之比为______________（已知万有引力常量为G ）。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三下学期期中考试语文试题考点：正确运用常用的修辞方法。

能力层级为表达运用E。

7下列句中加点词语活用现象与其它三句不同的一项是（   ）A．其后楚日以削B．前辟四窗，垣墙周庭C．先大母婢也，乳二世D．于是怀石遂自投汨罗而死【答案解析】A试题分析：词类活是文言文常见的现象，根据句子中成分关系推断该词的语法成分，分析含义变化。

然后确定含义，以便理解和翻译。

A名词作状语，其它三项为名词活用作动词。

考点：理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。

能力层级为理解B。

8下列句中加点词语古今含义相同的一项是（   ） A．内外多置小门，墙往往而是B．零丁孤苦，至于成立C．被发行吟泽畔。

颜色憔悴D．举世混浊而我独清【答案解析】D试题分析：古今异义词常在句子翻译中出现，要将两个字分开理解。

A到处，处处；B长大成人；C脸色。

考点：理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。

能力层级为理解B。

9下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（     ）A．在行政院长刘兆玄看来，“江陈会”为扩大两岸交流奠定了坚实的基础。

更重要的，这不仅是东亚和平进程的重大事件，而且是两岸制度性协商的良好开端。

B．服装的得体与否，也能体现人的线条美、气质美，显示出青春活力。

C．在建设“和谐社区”活动中，小区居民们围绕以提升社区文化品位为中心，注重规划立意的整体性，尤其注重突出视觉艺术效果。

D．我国目前的测控通信网，是我国航天史上规模最庞大，技术最先进，可靠性最强的测控系统。

【答案解析】D．试题分析：A．项，语序不当，应为“…这不仅是海峡两岸制度性协商正常化的良好开端，而且是东亚地区和甲进程的重要事件”；B．项一面与两面不吻合，应去掉“与否”；C．结构混乱，“围绕”与“以……为中心”杂糅。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三化学下学期期中试题〔总分为100分〕一、选择题〔33分〕1、石灰氮(CaCN2)是一种绿色的农药和化肥，可用作除草剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂和棉花脱叶剂，其可由CaC2(离子化合物)与N2反响制得。

如下各项表达中不正确的答案是( )A．C的电子式为B．N2的结构式为N≡NC．1 mol CN所含的电子总数为22 molD．Ca2＋的结构示意图为2、用 NA表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。

如下说法正确的答案是( )A．1 mol Na2O2晶体中共含有4NA个离子B．0.1 mol AlCl3完全水解转化为氢氧化铝胶体，生成0.1 NA个胶粒C．常温常压下，16 g O2和O3的混合气体中含有NA个氧原子D．电解精炼铜时每转移NA个电子，阳极溶解32 g铜3、如下反响的离子方程式正确的答案是( )A．用石墨作电极电解CuCl2溶液：2Cl－＋2H2O Cl2↑＋H2↑＋2OH－B．用Na2CO3溶液作洗涤剂除油污：CO＋2H2O H2CO3＋2OH－C．硫酸亚铁溶液与稀硫酸、双氧水混合：Fe2＋＋2H2O2＋4H＋===Fe3＋＋4H2OD．向NaAlO2溶液中通入过量的CO2：AlO＋CO2＋2H2O===Al(OH)3↓＋HCO4、如下对于25℃时pH为12的氨水，表示正确的答案是( )A．由水电离出的c(OH－)＝1.0×10－2mol·L－1B．c(NH)＋c(NH3·H2O)＝1.0×10－12mol·L－1C．与等体积、pH＝2的盐酸混合后所得的溶液中：c(NH)>c(OH－)>c(Cl－)>c(H＋)D．参加一定量pH＝2的醋酸溶液混合后所得的溶液中：c(CH3COO－)＋c(OH－)＝c(NH)＋c(H ＋)5、如下有关化学实验操作合理的是( )①在配制FeSO4溶液时常向其中参加一定量铁粉和稀硫酸②配制100 mL 1.00 mol/L的NaCl溶液时，可用托盘天平称取5.85 g NaCl固体③物质溶于水的过程中，一般有放热或吸热现象，因此溶解的操作不能在量筒中进展④用试管夹从试管底由下往上夹住距试管口约1/3处，手持试管夹长柄末端，进展加热⑤不慎将浓硫酸沾在皮肤上，立即用NaHCO3溶液冲洗⑥用广泛pH试纸测得某溶液的pH＝12.3⑦用碱式滴定管量取20.00 mL 0.100 0 mol/L KMnO4溶液⑧将铜先氧化成氧化铜，再与硫酸反响来制取硫酸铜A．④⑤⑥⑦ B．①④⑤⑦C．②③⑥⑧ D．①③④⑧6、如下溶液中有关物质的量浓度关系正确的答案是( )A．NaHSO3溶液呈酸性，如此有：c(Na＋)>c(HSO)>c(SO)>c(H＋)>c(OH－)B．pH相等的CH3COONa和Na2CO3两种溶液：c(CH3COONa)<c(Na2CO3)C．强酸HA溶液与弱碱MOH溶液混合后溶液呈中性，如此有：c(M＋)＝c(A－)D．0.1 mol·L－1的NaHA溶液pH＝1，如此有：c(Na＋)＝c(H2A)＋c(HA－)＋c(A2－)7、在一样的温度下，体积均为0.25 L的两恒容密闭容器中发生可逆反响：N2(g)＋3H2(g)2NH3(g) ΔH＝－92.6 kJ/mol。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三下学期期中考试历史试题一、选择题（30分）1、英国史学家汤因比指出：“我们必须抛弃自己的幻觉，即某个特定的国家、文明和宗教，原因恰好属于我们自身，便把它当成中心并以为它比其他文明要优越。

”对这一观点理解最准确的是( )A．历史研究要尊重人类不同文明成果 B．历史研究没有固定的中心C．历史研究要不断创新 D．世界上没有优越的文明2、在人类历史的长河中，出现许多叱咤风云的大国、强国，比如战国末期统一中国的秦国，18世纪确立霸主地位的英国，19世纪以不断崛起的美国，19世纪末确立亚洲强国地位的日本和1978年以日益强大的中国。

它们的发展道路各不相同，但崛起的原因惊人一致。

他们崛起的一致因素是A．和平崛起 B．武力掠夺 C．制度创新 D．民主强国3、“我们专注于两个主题（传统和交流）的研究，以此理顺世界历史，这两个主题集中反映了人类发展的最重要的特征。

概言之，它们可以对人类社会发展的原因作出解释。

”对此材料的理解，正确的是①材料体现了文明史观的观点②“传统”和“交流”是人类历史发展的重要推动力③材料的论述是符合历史发展规律的④“传统”和“交流”的概括是片面的A. ①②③B. ①②C. ②③D. ②③④4、李鸿章是中国近代史上的重要人物，近年，争议颇多。

某课题小组收集到如下材料，最有价值的第一手史料是A．长篇历史小说《李鸿章》 B．“文革”中出版《李鸿章反动言论》C．关于李鸿章的史学论著D．部分李鸿章奏折、书信的影印件5、历史学家马克.布洛赫在《为历史学辩护》中说：“各时代的统一性是如此紧密，古今之间的关系式双向的。

对现代的曲解必定于对历史的无知；而对现实一无所知的人，要了解历史也必定是徒劳无功的。

”布洛赫在此强调的是A、鉴往知B、以古讽今C、厚今薄古D、贯通古今6、历史学家斯塔夫里阿诺斯写道，研究世界历史“就如以为栖身月球的观察者从整体上对我们所在的星球进行考察时形成的观点，因而与居住在伦敦或巴黎、北京和新德里的观察者的观点迥然不同“。

高一下学期期中考试物理试题一、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，共12小题，每题4分，共48分）一、关于曲线运动，以下说法中正确的选项是( )A．在曲线运动中速度的大小必然不变B．在曲线运动中速度的方向必然改变C.物体做曲线运动能够不受外力的作用D．曲线运动能够是匀速运动2、合运动与分运动的关系，以下说法正确的选项是：( )A．合运动的速度必然大于分运动的速度B．合运动的位移必然大于分运动的位移C．合运动的时刻等于分运动的时刻之和D．合运动的时刻与分运动的时刻相等3、关于平抛运动的性质,以下说法正确的有：( )A．平抛运动是匀变速直线运动B．平抛运动的速度方向老是与重力方向垂直C．平抛运动能够分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动D．平抛运动的物体在运动进程中受重力和推力4、如下图，两头封锁且竖直放置的玻璃管内注满清水和一个用红蜡做成的圆柱体，玻璃管倒置时圆柱体能匀速上浮．现将玻璃管倒置，在圆柱体匀速上浮的同时，使玻璃管水平匀速运动，已知圆柱体运动的速度是0.05m／s，θ=53°，那么玻璃管水平运动的速度是(sin 53°＝0.8，cos 53°＝0.6) ( )A．0.05 m／s B．0.04 m／sC．0.03 m／s D．0.02 m／s5、游泳运动员以恒定的速度渡河，渡河时躯体垂直河岸，当水速突然增大时，对运动员渡河的路程与时刻的阻碍是( )A．路程增加，时刻增加B．路程增加，时刻缩短C.路程不变，时刻增加D．路程增加，时刻不变6、据报导，最近在太阳系外发觉了首颗“宜居”行星，其质量约为地球质量的6.4倍，一个在地球表面重量为600 N的人在那个行星表面的重量将变成960 N．由此可推知，该行星的半径与地球半径之比约为( )．A．0.5 B．2C．3.2 D．47、轰炸机在水平匀速飞行时投弹，假设空气阻力和风的阻碍都不计，那么炸弹落地时，飞机的位置在( )A．炸弹的后上方B．炸弹的前上方C．炸弹的正上方D．以上三种情形都有可能显现8、物体做平抛运动时，描述物体在竖直方向的分速度v y(取向下为正)随时刻转变的图线是……( )9、如下图，用细线吊着一个质量为m的小球，使小球在水平面内做匀速圆周运动，关于小球的受力情形，表达正确的( )A．重力、绳索的拉力、向心力B．重力、绳索的拉力。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三下学期期中考试英语试题一、选择题1、 While income worry is _______ rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that _______ aged parents may face.A. a; theB. the; /C. a; /D. the; the2、 Some students are now busy preparing for the “Independent Recruitment(自主招生)” contest, in hopes of getting a “Pass” card at their first _______.A. purposeB. performanceC. desireD. attempt3、 All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.A. devoted to doB. devoted to doingC. devoting to doingD. is devoted to doing4、It was not until he came back _____ he knew the police were looking for him.A. whichB. sinceC. thatD. before5、_____but he still couldn’t understand the logical connection of the two subjects.A. Having told many timesB. Having been told many timesC. He was told many timesD. Many times as he was told6、They thought my suggestion reasonable _______a few experts to help them.A. that we sentB. we should sendC. we would sendD. that we send7、 _____ playing dumb with teachers. They know very well their students.A. It’s no useB. There is no doubtC. It’s no wonderD. There is no need8、 We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work．A．we think B．think we C．we do think D．do we think9、-----Must I go there right now?-----No, you _____. You ____go there before supper.A mustn’t , need B. needn’t, may C. can’t ,need D. won’t, can10、They came back from their long walk and went into bed, .A．tiredly but relaxing B．tired but relaxingC．tiredly but relaxed D．tired but relaxed11、 The wounded soldier died _____I had a chance to know his name and family.A. afterB. whileC. untilD. before12、 _______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.A. It; whomB. As; whoseC. As; whomD. It; whose13、 --- Is this the first time you ___ Xiamen?--- No. But the first time I ____ here, the city wasn’t so beautiful.A. visited, comeB. visited, have comeC. have visited, cameD. have visted, have come14、We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style ina personal one.A. rather thanB. more thanC. betterthan D. less than15、 --- I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.--- _______？Mary is interested.A． Why bother B. Why not C. So what D. What for 二、完形填空One afternoon in January in 1998, Susan Sharp, 43, and her 8-year-old son David, were walking across an icy square, 16 Susan's cane(手杖) slipped on the ice. Herface 17 first into the mud. David 18 her mother's side, “Are you all right, Mom” 19 , Susan pulled herself up, “I'm okay, Honey,” she said.Susan was falling more 20 since she had trouble walking. Every inch of ice wasa 21 danger for her. “I wish I could do something,” the boy thought. David, too, was having 22 of his own. The boy had a speech problem, so at school he talked 23 .One day, David's teacher announced a 24 homework. "Each of you is going to come up with an 25 ," she said. This was for "INVENT AMERICA", a national competition to encourage creativity in children.An idea 26 David one evening. If only his mother's cane didn't slip on the ice. “What if I 27 your cane to a nail coming out of the bottom” he asked his mother.“ 28 the sharp end would scratch(划破) floors,” Susan said.“No, Mom, I 29 make it like a ball-point pen. You take your hand off the button and the 30 returns back up.” Hours later the cane was finished. David and his father 31 as Susan used it to walk 50 feet about the 32 . Happily Susan cried out, “It 33 !”In July 1999, David was 34 national winner for the "INVENT AMERICA". David began to make public appearance. Thus he was forced to communicate 35 .Today, David is nearly free of his speech problem, and his cane is becoming well accepted.16.A. where17. A. fell B.whileB. touchedC.whenC. layD. thenD. dropped18 A. stood by B. rushed to C. looked at D. ran around19. A. Firmly B. Easily C. Quickly D. Shakily20. A. slowly B. frequently C. freely D. heavily21. A. hiding B. certainly C. possible D. waiting22. A. method B. disease C. trouble D. hope23. A. few B. little C. much D. more24. A. useful B. strange C. common D. special25. A. appearance B. invention C. experience D. experiment26. A. reminded B. encouraged C. occurred D. hit27. A. fastened B. stuck C. fixed D. tied28 A. So B. And C. For D. But29. A. might B. would C. did D. need30. A. pen B. hand C. cane D. nail31. A. watched B. supported C. noticed D. helped32. A. street B. ice C. yard D. square33. A. works B. operates C. succeeds D. helps34 A. declared B. received C. won D. praised35. A. more slowly B. more C. more clearly D. fastercarefully三、阅读理解A篇Like any good mother,when Karen found out that another baby was on the way,she did what she could to help her 3-year-old son,Michael,prepare for a new baby.Day after day,night after night,Michael sang to his mommy’s tummy(肚子).Finally,Michael’s little sister was born.But she was in serious condition.With sirens (警报) howling in the night,the ambulance rushed the baby to St.Mary’s Hospital.The days inched by.The little girl became worse.The pediatric(儿科的) specialist told the parents to prepare for the worst.Michael kept begging about singing to his sister,but kids are not allowed in pediatric department at St.Mary’s Hospital.Karen made up her mind to take Michael to see his sister.She dressed him in an oversized suit and marched him into the hospital.He looked like a walking laundry basket,but the head nurse recognized him as a child and shouted,“Get that kid out of here now!”Karen rose up strong,and the usually mild-mannered lady glared steel-eyed into the head nurse’s face.“He is not leaving until he sings to his sister!”Karen towed Michael to his sister’s bedside.He gazed at the tiny baby losing the battle to live.And he began to sing.In the pure-hearted voice of a 3-year-old,Michael sang,“You are my sunshine,my only sunshine.You make me happy when skies are grey.”Instantly the baby girl responded.Her pulse rate became calm and steady.Her strained breathing became smoother.“Keep on singing,Michael.”“The other night,dear,as I lay sleeping,I dreamed I help you in my arms…”Michael’s little sister relaxed as healing rest seemed to sweep over her.“Keep on singing,Michael.”Tears conquered the face of the nurse.“You are my sunshine, my only sunshine.Please don’t take my sunshine away.”The next day—the very next day—the little girl was well enough to go home!36.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.It’s Hard to Raise a BabyB.Mother’s LoveC. The Miracle of a Brother’s SongD.An Unforgettable Day37.From Karen’s action in the first paragraph we know that .A.mothers often pay much attention to their newly-born babiesB.it often takes some time for a child to accept his/her newly-born brother or sister.C.it is good for children to learn to sing songs to babiesD.mothers often tell their children how to look after their younger brothers or sisters38.The underlined word“strained”means“”.A.unnaturalB.excitingC.deepD.blocked39.Which words can describe Michael?A.Naughty and annoying.B.Strong and brave.C.Active and careless.D.Concerned and determined.B篇For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news.As a result, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites. The most famous example is the pub in the city of Nottingham called “Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem”, which dates back to the year 1189 AD and is probably the oldest pub in England.However, British pubs are not just for kings and queens; they welcome people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub’s landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.That’s how things used to be. Things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit crunch(信贷紧缩) is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People do not have enough spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 1l pm. Previously, with 1l pm as closing time, customers would have to drink quite quickly, meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as “binge drinking”, and it causes long-term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities.In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be “Working Men's Clubs”,meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.40. The passage mainly tells us something aboutA. the past and present of British pubsB. the decline of British pubsC. the long history of British pubsD. the importance of British pubs41. Which may not be the cause of the decline of British pubs?A. The credit crunch.B. The ban of smoking.C. The present closing timeD. Having no spare money.42. We can infer from the passage thatA. British people used to like drinking slowlyB. closing the pubs early will reduce social problemsC. binge drinking means drinking less beerD. British government aims to discourage people from binge drinking43. We can see from the last paragraph that the author ________A. is against the admission of too many women to the pubsB. holds an optimistic attitude towards the British pubsC. thinks that women in the pubs will cause less social problemsD. thinks that British pubs should offer everything you needC篇When you go to St. Petersburg, the number of attractions can seem large. If you are short of time, or just want to make sure to hit the highlights, these are the top must-see sights in St．Petersburg．●The Hermitage MuseumThe Hermitage Museum is one of the most important sights to see for any visitor to St．Petersburg．There are lots of different paintings by the old masters in the Hermitage．Prepare to come face-to-face with classic Western artists．●Kizhi IslandKizhi Island is an open-air museum of wooden architecture from the Karelia Region of Russia．These impressive structures are made entirely without nails - the wood fits together with joints and grooves（沟槽）．●PeterhofPeterhof is as beautiful as it is fun．You’ll be charged for admission, but go to Petethof when the fountains are working—during the day in the summer．They are shut off in winter evenings．●The Church of Our Savior on the Spilt BloodLove it or hate it, the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood in St．Petersburg is an enthralling must-see sight．The beautiful look may make y our eyes brighten, and the painting inside the church will make you say “Wow!”●The Bronze Horseman StatueThe so-called Bronze Horseman is a part of Russian culture and a symbol of St．Petersburg．Made famous by Alexander Pushkin, this statue of Peter the Great sitting on his horse can truly show Peter the Great’s influence on the Russian idea of greatness．44．If you are interested in paintings, you’d better go to ．A．Peterhof and Kizhi IslandB．the Hernatage Museum and PeterhofC．Kizhi Island and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt BloodD．the hermitage Museum and the Church of Our Savior on the Spilt Blood45．We can learn from the passage that ．A．visitors can visit Peterhof for freeB．the buildings of Kizhi Island are made of woodC．the fountains in Peterhof can be seen all year roundD．the largest collection of Russian arts is in the Hermitage Museum46．The main purpose of the passage is to ．A．show the wonderful history of RussiaB．persuade artists to study St．PetersburgC．recommend the famous buildings in RussiaD．introduce the must-see sights in St．Petersburg47．The underlined phrase （in Para 1）“hit the highlights” means ．A．to save more time B．to learn more knowledgeC．to go to the high buildings D．to visit the most interesting sightsD篇“The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful，” says Plato. Selfcontrol is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral (道德上的) freedom.A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad”“Keep cool”， says George Herbert, “for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.”To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger，”says Pythagoras, “brings with folly(愚蠢) and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.Selfcontrol is man's last greatest victory.If a man lacks selfcontrol he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no selfconfidence, for he will always becontrolled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks selfcontrol, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.48. What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?A. The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.B. One's moral freedom is based on the control of himself.C. To control oneself is the most difficult in one's life.D. If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.49. What is the correct interpretation of “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad”？A. If the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy first.B. If you cannot control yourself, you will become crazy.C. If you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished.D. If you are mad, you will be punished by the gods.50. If a man lacks selfcontrol, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT ________.A. the very backbone and nerve of characterB. the patience and power to control himselfC. selfconfidenceD. strong feelings四、完成句子51. Read the_____________ (说明书) carefully before taking the medicine.52 A beautiful lady opened the door and came in, _____(跟随着) by another who looked younger.53. This problem needs _____________ ( 解决) at once.54. There _____________(存在) the generation gap between our parents and us today.55. The police had ____________（秘密）filmed the conversations.56. A great celebration was held on his _____________ (90岁) birthday.57.This letter requires your ____________________(立即的) reply.58. _____________ (尽管) his wealth, he was not happy.59.Many____________(亚洲) countries are making great efforts to develop their own economies.60. I left immediately the clock_____________ (敲) eight.五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2014届高三下学期期中考试数学试题一、填空题（25分）1、已知正实数x、y、z满足2x＝yz，则的最小值为________．2、设常数a>0，若9x＋≥a＋1对一切正实数x成立，则a的取值范围为________．3、设正项等差数列{a n}的前2 011项和等于2 011，则的最小值为________．4、数列满足,则 .5、已知数列中,,,,则……= .二、选择题（25分）6、已知等差数列{}的前项和为，且，则( )A． B． C． D.7、在等比数列{an}中,·且前n项和,则项数n等于（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．78、在等差数列中，，则的值为（）A．2 B．3 C．4 D．59、设非零实数满足，则下列不等式中一定成立的是( )A. B. C. D.10、设函数是定义在上的可导函数，其导函数为，且有，则不等式的解集为A． B．C． D．三、简答题（50分）11、某造纸厂拟建一座平面图形为矩形且面积为162 m2的三级污水处理池，池的深度一定(平面图如图所示)，如果池四周围墙建造单价为400元/m2，中间两道隔墙建造单价为248元/m2，池底建造单价为80元/m2，水池所有墙的厚度忽略不计．(1) 试设计污水处理池的长和宽，使总造价最低，并求出最低总造价；(2) 若由于地形限制，该池的长和宽都不能超过16 m，试设计污水池的长和宽，使总造价最低，并求出最低总造价．12、如图，动物园要围成相同面积的长方形虎笼四间．一面可利用原有的墙，其他各面用钢筋网围成．(1) 现有可围成36m长的材料，每间虎笼的长、宽各设计为多少时，可使每间虎笼的面积最大？(2) 若使每间虎笼的面积为24m2，则每间虎笼的长、宽各设计为多少时，可使围成的四间虎笼的钢筋网总长最小？13、 (1) 已知x<，求函数y＝4x－2＋的最大值；(2) 已知x>0，y>0且＝1，求x＋y的最小值．14、已知为锐角，且，函数，数列的首项，.（1）求函数的表达式；（2）求数列的前项和．参考答案一、填空题1、.2、解析：9x＋≥2＝6a，所以6a≥a＋1，即a≥.3、2解析：由题意得S2 011＝＝2 011，∴ a1＋a2 011＝2.又a2＋a2 010＝a1＋a2 011＝2，∴＋＝ (a2＋a2 010)＝＋1≥2. 4、5、【解析】：，，∴，…………所以……=三、选择题6、A7、C8、A【解析】试题分析：设等差数列的公差为，则，则．考点：等差数列的运算．9、D10、【解析】：由，得：，即，令，则当时，，即在是减函数，，，，在是减函数，所以由得，，即，故选二、简答题11、解：(1) 设污水处理池的宽为x m，则长为 m.总造价为f(x)＝400×＋248×2x＋80×162＝1 296x＋＋12 960＝1296＋1 2960≥1 296×2＋12 960＝38 880元．当且仅当x＝(x>0)，即x＝10时取等号．∴当长为16.2 m，宽为10 m时总造价最低，最低总造价为38 880元．(2) 由限制条件知∴ 10≤x≤16.设g(x)＋x＋，由函数性质易知g(x)在上是增函数，∴当x＝10时(此时＝16)，g(x)有最小值，即f(x)有最小值1 296×＋12 960＝38 882(元)．∴当长为16 m，宽为10 m时，总造价最低，为38 882元．12、解：(1) 设每间虎笼长为xm，宽为ym，则面积S＝xy.由于2x＋3y≥2＝2，所以2≤18，得xy≤，即S≤，当且仅当2x＝3y时取等号．则所以每间虎笼长、宽分别为4.5m、3m时，可使面积最大．(2) 设围成四间虎笼的钢筋网总长为lm，则l＝4x＋6y，且xy＝24，所以l＝4x＋6y＝2(2x＋3y)≥2×2＝4＝4×＝48(m)，当且仅当2x＝3y时取等号．故每间虎笼长、宽分别为6m、4m时，可使钢筋网的总长最小为48m.13、解：(1) x<，∴ 4x－5<0.∴ y＝4x－5＋＋3＝－[(5－4x)＋]＋3≤－2＋3＝1，y max＝1.(2) ∵ x>0，y>0且＋＝1，∴ x＋y＝(x＋y) ＝10＋＋≥10＋2＝16，即x＋y的最小值为16.14、（1）由，是锐角，（2），, （常数）是首项为,公比的等比数列,，∴。

安徽省铜陵市第五中学2013-2014学年高二下学期5月月考物理试题一、单项选择题（每小题4分，共44分。

）1、关于图中弹簧振子的振动，下述说法中正确的有（）A．振子从O→B→O为一次全振动，所用时间为一个周期B．振子经过平衡位置O时速度最大C．振子经过平衡位置O时弹性势能能最大D．在最大位移B处，因为速度为零所以加速度也为零2、一个打磨得很光滑的凹镜，其曲面半径远大于曲面长度，将镜面水平放置，如图所示。

现让一个小球（小球可视为质点）从镜边缘静止释放，小球在镜面上将作往复运动，以下说法中正确的是（）A. 小球质量越大，往复运动的周期越长B. 释放点离最低点距离越大，周期越短C. 周期应由小球质量、释放点离平衡位置的距离，以及曲面半径共同决定D. 凹镜曲面半径越大，周期越长3、在水平方向上做简谐运动的质点，其振动图象如图所示。

假设向右的方向为正方向，则物体加速度向右且速度向右的时间段是( )A.0 s到1 s内B.1 s到2 s内C.2 s到3 s内D.3 s到4 s内4、如图所示，一根用绝缘材料制成的劲度系数为k的轻弹簧，左端固定，右端与质量为m、带电荷量为＋q的小球相连，静止在光滑、绝缘的水平面上．在施加一个场强为E、方向水平向右的匀强电场后，小球开始做简谐运动．那么( )A．运动过程中小球的电势能和弹簧的弹性势能的总量不变B．小球做简谐运动的振幅为2Eq/k C小球到达最右端时，弹簧的形变量为2Eq/kD．运动过程中小球的机械能守恒5、一根细线下端拴一可看作质点的小球，上端悬挂在O点，制成一个单摆，摆长为2L．现在O点正下方，距O点为L处固定一根钉子，如图所示．下面的说法中正确的是 ( )A．该单摆振动时左右两侧升高的最大高度不相等B．该单摆振动时左右两侧的最大位移相等C．该单摆振动时左右两侧所用的时间相等D．该单摆振动的周期是6、如图所示为两个单摆的振动图象，从图象中可以知道它们的（）A.摆球质量相等B.振幅相等C. 摆球同时改变速度方向D. 摆长相等7、如图所示,电感线圈L的直流电阻R L=1Ω,小灯泡A的电阻R=5Ω,闭合开关S,待电路稳定后再断开开关,则在断开开关S的瞬间,小灯泡A （）A.立即熄灭B.闪亮一下再逐渐熄灭C.逐渐熄灭D.以上三种情况都有可能8、如图所示，空间存在着与圆台母线垂直向外的磁场，各处的磁感应强度大小均为B，圆台母线与竖直方向的夹角为θ。

铜陵市第五中学2013-2014学年度下学期期中考试高三地理试题一、选择题1、某同学11月底到浙南某地秋游，攀爬红枫古道，在攀爬欣赏的过程中发现图5中同一树种A区域的树叶较B区域明显要“红、鲜艳”，B区域树叶枯黄暗淡，落叶较多，某同学对此进行原因分析，下列说法合理的是( )A、 B区域地形较A平坦，土壤肥沃，植物生长茂盛，先变黄。

B、 A区域位于山谷温差较小，水热条件较B区域好，生长期相对B区域长，树叶变红、变黄时间延后。

C、 B区域有公路经过，人类干扰大，先变黄。

D 、B区域海拔明显比A区域高，温度低，树叶先变黄。

2、下图中能够正确表示地理事物和现象之间关系的是A．① B．② C．③ D．④3、右图中P、Q、M、N为四个不同的区域，下列描述符合当地实际的是( )A．P地区土地荒漠化严重，退耕还林B．Q地区土壤盐碱化严重，大水漫灌压碱C．M地区为季风水田农业，洪涝灾害严重D．N地植被类型以温带针叶阔叶混交林为主4、下列四幅图分别表示世界洋流模式图、三圈环流模式图、海陆间水循环示意图和地球公转运动示意图，正确的是A．① B．② C．③ D．④5、读右下图，若甲、乙为近地面，丙丁为高空。

下列关于图示描述正确的是（）A．若为热力环流，则丙处气压比乙处高B．若为热力环流，则甲处气温比乙处高C．若为三圈环流中的低纬度环流，则甲处为极地高气压带D．若为三圈环流中的低纬度环流，则③代表信风带6、下列叙述不正确的是Ａ．西欧海洋性气候的形成，直接得益于暖湿的北大西洋暖流Ｂ．俄罗斯的北冰洋港口的摩尔曼斯克终年不冻，也是因受暖流的影响Ｃ．加拿大拉布拉多半岛沿海地方，一月份平均气温比同纬度的英国伦敦的气温低得多，也是洋流影响Ｄ．澳大利亚西海岸和秘鲁太平洋沿岸的荒漠环境，暖流起了一定的作用7、下列陆地环境中,属于以热量为基础的全球尺度的分异是（）A.青藏高原的高山植物区B.秦岭一淮河以南的亚热带常绿阔叶林带C.我国新疆塔里木盆地边缘的绿洲D.亚欧大陆中纬度地带,表现出从沿海往内陆方向为:森林带→草原带→荒漠带的分异8、读A、B、C三幅图，回答下题。