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精读英语汉译英第一单元：1. 餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。
The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small businesses.2. 现行的教育体制遭到了公众的批评，公众已经开始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害The present educational system has been under attack from the public, who have begun to realize the harm the system has done to students.3. 老师告诉这些大四学生他每次都会点名，因为这门课是必须要听的。
The professor told those seniors that he would take attendance every time because attendance at this course was compulsory.我真想参加你的乔迁聚会。
但是很抱歉我无法去, 因为我有一大堆事情要做。
I’d love to go to your housewarming party, but I’m sorry I can’t make it because I’ve got a stack of things to do.5. 中学辍学的年青人可以上夜校或通过电大和函授课程恢复他们的学业。
Youths who dropped out of middle school can resume their studies at night school or through television and correspondence courses.6. 她不喜欢那位著名作家的讲座，但她为了在讲座后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了。
Unit 3 Doctor's Dilemma: Treat or Let Die?1. 在特效药、风险性手术进程、放疗法以及特护病房方面的医学进展已为数千人带来新生。
然而，对于他们中不少人而言，现代医学已成为一把双刃剑。
2. 医生采用一系列航空时代技术进行治疗的能力已超过人体本身的治愈能力。
从医学的角度来说，有更多的疾病能够得以诊治，可对于许多病人而言，复原的希望却微乎其微。
甚至生死之间的基本差别也难以界定清楚。
3. 不少美国人身陷医学囹圄，形同南韩拳击手金得九（Duk Koo Kim）的境遇。
金得九在一次打斗中受到重击，人事不省，大脑停止运转，只能依靠人为方法赖以存活。
经其家人允许，拉斯维加斯的医生切断了维持其生命的器械，死神便接踵而来。
4. 医疗技术进步了，是力求生存还是注重生命质量，哪个目标更为重要，这一问题在全美的医院和疗养院里引发了激烈的争论。
5. “归根结底，问题在于，医疗的宗旨是什么？”位于纽约哈德逊河上黑斯廷斯的社会、伦理及生命科学学会主席丹尼尔·卡拉汉说，“是真的要挽救生命还是要为病人谋取更大的利益？”6. 医生、病患、家属，通常还有法庭都不得不在医疗方面作出艰难的抉择。
而这些道德难题往往最容易产生于生命的两个极端——生命开初的重病新生儿和生命终端的垂死病患。
7. 这些因现代医学技术而产生的两难问题已不断催生出生物伦理学的新准则。
如今，全美 127 家医学院中已有不少机构开设了医学伦理学课程，要在十年前，根本没人会去注意这个领域。
不少医院的员工队伍都包含了牧师、哲学家、精神病医师以及社会工作者，以求帮助病人作出关键性抉择，而有二十分之一的机构专门成立了伦理委员会解决这些难题。
8. 在所有特护病房的垂死病人当中，有约莫 20%的病例，其当事人面临艰难的道德抉择——是继续尽力挽救生命还是改变初衷、听凭病患死去。
对于是否要维持生命的治疗，不少病房每周大约要作三次决定。
1 大学课堂：还有人在听吗？A former teacher of mine, Robert A．Fowkes of New York University, likes to tell the story of a class he took in Old Welsh while studying in Germany during the 1930s．On the first day the professor strode up to the podium, shuffled his notes, coughed, and began, ―Guten Tag, Meine Damen und Herren‖(―Good day, ladies and gentlemen‖)．Fowkes glanced around uneasily. He was the only student in the course．1.纽约大学的Robert A．Fowkes 是我过去的一位老师。
他喜欢讲在上世纪30年代他在德国上古威尔士语课的故事。
第一天上课，教授大步走上讲台，翻了翻笔记，咳嗽了一声，开始说道：“早上好，女士们、先生们。
”Fowkes 不安地扫视一番。
他是上这门课的惟一学生。
Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes's astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible2.在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。
Unit 2Key to ExercisesI. Comprehension Checkl.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.B l0.CII. Vocabulary StudyI.l. advocated 2 extravagant 3. vulnerable 4. guru 5. potentia1 6. dispel7. shunned 8. acc1aimed 9. enthusiasts 10. stave off 1l. attendant 12. venturedII.l. eradicated 2. enthralled 3. obso1ete 4. disproved5. foster6. ludicrous7. apparent8. avert9. displaced l0. compatriots 1 l. endeavors l2. hailedIII. (略)III. Clozel.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C ll.B l2.B l3.C l4. C l5. D 16.A l7.B l8. C l9.A 20.CIV. Translationl. Some cyber gurus claim that the Internet will Prevent wars, reduce pollution, and combat various forms of inequality.2. Although the Internet undeniably fosters communications, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different peoples to understand each other adequately.3. The Internet can help reduce energy consump1ion and pollution only if doing things online genuinely displaces real-world activities.4. The poor are not shunning the Internet because they cannot afford it The problem is that they lack the skills to exp1oit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universa1 Internet access.5. Thanks to the Internet, income inequality between people doing similar jobs in different countries has been reduced. However, the inequality between information workers in poor countries and their poorest compatriots has been increased.6. If human nature remains stubbornly unchanged, despite the claims of the techno-Prophets, humanity cannot simply invent away its failings.课文参考译文:因特网不能做什么？1 在1858年第一根横穿大西洋的通讯电缆铺设成功时，维多利亚时代的积极分子们曾欢呼说：“像电报这种为世界各国交流思想的工具诞生之后；那些根深蒂固的偏见与敌意不可能再长时间存在了。
Unit One Translation1.在生活中，我们最愚蠢的行为就是太执着于自己的东西，不愿意(yuàn yì)放弃。
In life, our stupidest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go.2. 我愿意(yuàn yì)在IT行业工作，但我不知如何着手。
I am willing to work in the IT industry, but have no idea how to go about it.3. 许多人都已意识(yì shí)到与大自然和谐相处的重要性。
Many people are aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.4.像代购这样(zhèyàng)的问题是不可以掩盖起来的。
Problems like the generation gap cannot be swept under the carpet.5. 我始终不懂什么(shén me)事在使她烦心。
I never did understand what was eating away at her.6. 他一生都与世无争。
He has been at peace with the world all his life.7. 他没有说出自己的想法。
一则她未必理解，二则它怕自己得不到她的宽恕。
He did not speak out / say what he thought. For one thing, she might not understand. For another, he was afraid that she might not forgive him.8. 随着岁月的流逝，他对中国文化越来越感兴趣。
Unit 1 A Young Boy’s Ambition1.我小的时候，我们那密西西比河西岸的村镇上，玩伴们都只有一个永恒的志愿。
那就是当轮船上的水手。
我们也有其他种种暂时的愿望，可是那都只是暂时性的。
马戏团来到的时候和走了之后，总是使我们大家都燃起火热的希望，想当小丑；第一次到我们那带地方来的黑人游唱团使我们渴望着想试一试那种生活；我们不时还有一种希望，那就是，如果我们活在世上，品行挺好，上帝就会让我们当海盗。
这些愿望，一个一个地都先后幻灭了；可是想当轮船上的水手这种志愿却始终保持下来了。
2.一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来，另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开，每天都要来到这里一次。
在这些大事出现之前，这一天使人充满了期望，显得光辉灿烂：这些大事过了之后，时光就变得死气沉沉，空空洞洞了。
不仅孩子们有这种感觉，整个村镇都是一样。
如今事隔多年，我仍旧能在心中描绘往日的情景，完全像当时那样：夏天早晨，白色的村镇在阳光中打盹；街上是空荡荡的，几乎一个人都没有：水街的杂货铺前面坐着一两个店员，他们把那木条椅面的椅子翘起来，靠在墙上，下巴顶在胸前，帽子垂下遮着脸，打着瞌睡一他们身边有许多削木瓦的碎片，这就说明是什么事情把他们累坏了：一只母猪和一窝猪仔在人行道上闲荡着，痛痛快快地啃着西瓜皮和瓜子：两三个孤零零的小货物堆在“码头”上闲臵着；石头铺的起卸码头的坡上有一堆“垫木”，镇上的流浪醉汉就在这木堆近旁酣睡着；码头上端有两三只平底木船，可是那拍打着这些船的小浪的柔和声响，却没有人倾听；伟大的密西西比河，壮丽、辉煌的密西西比河，让它那一英里宽的洪流滚滚奔腾下去，在阳光中放出闪光；河对岸的远处是茂密的森林；村镇上游的“地角”和下游的“地角”截断了河上景色的视线，把它变成了一片海面，而且这海面还是风光明媚、沉寂而幽静的。
随后有一股黑烟在远处的一个“地角”上空升腾起来；立刻就有一个以眼睛特别快、嗓子特别响出名的黑人运货马车夫高声喊道：“火——轮——船——来了!”于是情况就变了!镇上那个醉汉翻身起来，那几个店员也醒了，随后就是运货马车的一阵狂暴的响声，每户人家和每个铺子里都涌出一股人流，转瞬之间，这个死气沉沉的村镇就热闹起来了、活动起来了。
研究生英语系列教材综合教程(下)课文翻译Unit 1愉悦舒适不能指引你领略人生的全部，与逆境的艰苦搏斗常常会使人生变得丰富而有意义。
幸福隐藏的另一面凯思琳•麦克高恩1 咫风、房屋失火、癌症、激流漂筏失事、坠机、昏暗小巷遭歹徒袭击，没人想找上这些事儿。
但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
他们可能都会这样说:“我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。
”2 我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学_L的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会进发出来。
对那些令人极度恐慌的经历作出积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人。
实际上，大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都说他们的生活从此在某些方面有了改善。
3 诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景，这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死，意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后，也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是，人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达。
4 那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸福悖论的生动例证:为了尽可能地过上最好的生活，我们所需要的不仅仅是愉悦的感受。
我们这个时代的人对幸福的追求已经缩小到只追求福气:一生没有烦恼，没有痛苦和困惑。
5 这种对幸福的平淡定义忽略了问题的主要方面—种富有意义的生活所带来的那种丰富、完整的愉悦。
那就是幸福背后隐藏的那种本质—是我们在明智的男男女女身上所欣赏到并渴望在我们自己生活中培育的那种不可言喻的品质。
事实证明，一些遭受苦难最多的人-他们被迫全力应付他们未曾预料到的打击，并重新思考他们生活的意义—或许对那种深刻的、给人以强烈满足感的人生经历(哲学家们过去称之为“美好生活”的探寻)最有发言权。
新世纪大学英语第二册翻译-汉译英Unit One Translation1.在生活中，我们最愚蠢的行为就是太执着于自己的东西，不愿意放弃。
In life, our stupidest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go.2. 我愿意在IT行业工作，但我不知如何着手。
I am willing to work in the IT industry, but have no idea how to go about it.3. 许多人都已意识到与大自然和谐相处的重要性。
Many people are aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.4.像代购这样的问题是不可以掩盖起来的。
Problems like the generation gap cannot be swept under the carpet.5. 我始终不懂什么事在使她烦心。
I never did understand what was eating away at her.6. 他一生都与世无争。
He has been at peace with the world all his life.7. 他没有说出自己的想法。
一则她未必理解，二则它怕自己得不到她的宽恕。
He did not speak out / say what he thought. For one thing, she might not understand. For another, he was afraid that she might not forgive him.8. 随着岁月的流逝，他对中国文化越来越感兴趣。
As the years rolled by, he became increasingly interested in/ fascinated by Chinese culture.Unit TwoTranslation1) 这种情景总是令我感动，让我深思。
Unit 61.We observe today not a victory of party,but a celebration of freedom- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning-signifying renewal,as well as change.今天，我们庆祝的不是一个政党的胜利，而是自由的胜利。
这标志着一个政党的结束，又象征着另一个政党的开始，同时也是一种改变。
2.The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around theglobe----the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.世界如今与以往大不相同。
因为人类手握的力量足以消除人类平穷并毁灭所有形式的人类生活。
我们祖先所追求的革命信念一直在全球备受争议，这个信念即：人类的权利不是来自国家政权，而是来自上帝。
3.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans----born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.此时此刻，让这份讯息传向我的朋友和我的敌人：这火炬已经传递给新一代美国人，这新一代美国人出生于本世纪，受过战争的洗礼，也在艰难困苦的和平年代受过磨炼，为先辈遗产而自豪。
1. Furthermore, partygoers figure, it offers relief from such pesky obligations as thanking anyone or being kind to wallflowers because there really aren’t any hosts. Nobody has to pay (that same Nobody who generously provides the telephone line for long-distance personal calls), and so nobody’s feelings need be considered.参加晚会的人也明白这种场合省去了许多麻烦的礼节性应酬。
因为没有东道主，所以不必特意感谢什么人，或是费神与缩在角落里没人理睬的客人搭讪。
既然不是哪一个人买单（同样也不是哪一个人慷慨地为来宾提供免费私人长途电话），所以哪一个人的感受都不需要考虑。
2. This is all pure hospitality—there for the taking, like the office-supplied felt-tipped pens everyone has been pocketing all year.所有这一切均为盛情款待——每个人都可以欣然接受，就像平日里一直顺手牵羊把办公室的毡头墨水笔放入自家口袋一样。
3. For those still dimly aware of the once-standard give-and-take of real social life, this no-fault approach to business entertaining seems a godsend.对那些仍然隐约记得生活中有付出才有获得之理的人而言，这种无忧无虑的公司娱乐简直就像是神赐的福祉。
4. Now, the reason the invitation said “and guest” was to avoid the ticklish issue of who is still married to whom and what the spouse calls itself.另外，邀请函上通常注明“以及佳宾”之类的话，目的是为了避开谁和谁仍是伴侣以及配偶如何称呼等敏感问题。
5. They will, however, be memorable, darkly charging the company with promoting immorality.但是这些配偶会记住此事，并私下斥责公司唆使员工不诚实。
6. True office romances are the least of them, with their charges of favoritism and melding professional and personal time.这些人之间很少会孳生真正的办公室恋情，因为此类行为难免有待人偏袒和公私混淆之嫌。
7. In one evening, they manage to cut through the entire hierarchy and procedures the boss has painstakingly established for the purpose of being spared this kind of importuning.他们试图在短短的一夜之内，逾越老板多年来千辛万苦构筑的用于抵挡这类恳求的层层阶梯和壁垒。
8. What else does talking frankly and informally mean but an invitation to unload opinions without any career consequence?无拘无束、开诚布公不就意味着一吐为快而不必担心影响自己的事业前途吗？9. What constitutes a couple is a murkier question than Miss Manners and any sensible employer ought to investigate, but employees simply can be asked to supply the name of a spouse or friend they want to invite.谁和谁结伴出席晚会是令礼节小姐和任何一位明智的雇主都感到难以查清楚的事情。
不过可以让员工自己填写同行的配偶或朋友的姓名。
10. The clever employee will dress as the executives do, keeping in mind that there are few fields in which people are condemned for looking insufficiently provocative. Refusing or limiting drinks is not the handicap at business parties that it may be under the overly hospitable eye of a private host.聪明的员工会在穿着上与上司们保持同一风格，因为他们深知，几乎没有哪个场合有人会因为穿得不够惹眼而被人指指点点。
在公司晚会中拒绝或尽量少喝酒的做法无人指责，但在私人晚会中碍于主人好客的目光这种行为会很难堪。
11. In the place of withered spinsters and bachelors are people like Elizabeth de Kergorlay, a 29-year-old Parisian banker who views her independence and her own apartment as the spoils of professional success.现在的单身族不再像过去那些面容枯槁的老处女和鳏夫，而是像伊丽莎白•克尔戈莱这样的人。
伊丽莎白•克尔戈莱是个29岁的巴黎银行家，她把拥有独立生活和自己的公寓看成是事业成功的结果。
12. It’s a marketing man’s dream: a demographic with the anxieties of teenagers and the bank accounts of the middle-aged.这正是销售商的梦想：一个具有十来岁孩子的渴望而又有中年人的银行账户的群体。
13. Standing behind the boys, Wise saw that the video, rated T (Teen) for ages 13 and older, depicted the shooter’s point of view, with his large gun jutting into the bottom of the TV frame.怀斯先生站在孩子的身后，看到这套级别为青少年级（13岁以上少年）的游戏展现出枪手的视角，一把巨型手枪连线接在电视机的底部。
14. Interactive video games introduce kids to a fantasy world that features amazingly lifelike characters, detailed images of brutality, and an audio mix of heart-pounding music, macabre sound effects and authentic voices.互动式游戏将孩子们带到一个神奇的世界。
那里有逼真的人物、详尽的残暴画面、令人心跳的音乐、让人毛骨悚然的音响效果和真人原音的声响。
15. “We ar e moving very close to a real cinematic experience, pushing the boundaries of what a TV set or computer monitor can deliver,”我们制作的画面很快就可以与电影院的效果媲美，目前是电视和电脑屏幕所能达到的极限。
16. In that game kids control a character known among players as The Postal Dude who “goe s postal” when the bank forecloses on his house.在这套游戏中，孩子充当的是一个名为“邮差王”的角色，每当银行来查封他的住所时，邮差王就会“怒气冲天”。
17. Asked about the discrepancy, the ESRB’s Pober says that “every group will have a different mind-set. They’re entitled to their views.”当问及这类评级标准的出入时，娱乐软件定级委员会的蒲伯说：“不同的机构有不同评定观点，而且都有各自的理据。
”18. While publishers trumpet about educational games in helping to develop kids’ learning skills, they discount that violent games can have baser influences on behavior and attitudes.一方面，游戏开发商大肆宣传教育游戏有助于培养孩子的学习技能；另一方面，他们但却很少提及暴力游戏对孩子行为和态度可能产生的影响。
19. It’s the same kind of attitude that has allowed the tobacco industry to contend for so long that nicotine is not addictive.这同烟草业一直争辩尼古丁不会使人上瘾是同一种态度。
20. Indeed, soldiers trained to kill in combat use the same brutalization and desensitization techniques now used to entertain children.事实上，游戏中为娱乐儿童所采用的残忍和冷血的格斗技巧与部队战斗训练演习中所使用的技巧完全一样。
