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考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。
有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。
例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。
这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。
译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。
二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。
三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。
例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语，代表两层意思。
因此，按照分译法，打破原句的结构翻译成：他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。
四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难，需要用综合法。
即或按时间先后，或按逻辑先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆地进行综合处理。
例如：“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。
考研英语（一）长难句解析系列——2015年Text3这篇文章的原文题目为Science joins push to screen statistics in papers(35题的正确答案)，选自英国著名的《Nature》杂志，这一杂志致力于报道和评论全球科技领域里最重要的突破。
试卷上的文章完整地节选了原文的前6段，意义连贯，并没有给考生在理解上造成太大的障碍。
文章主要讲述的是继各大期刊支持数据分析标准化后，新政策也紧随其后出台。
全文共423字，共17句话，平均每句约25词，从长难句角度来讲，难度正常：简单句、并列句、复合句分别有4句、1句、7句，其余的5句则为并列复合句。
下面就其中的典型例句进行详解：【典型例句1】The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.【例句分析】这句话以逗号为界，主干是The policy follows similar efforts from other journals，after widespread concern是状语，that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings是同位语从句，解释说明concern。
【难点点拨】contribute to意为“……是(造成某情况) 的一个原因”。
【例句释义】目前，广泛担忧数据分析方面的错误造成许多已经出版的研究成果的不可复制性。
本文选自2007年2月Harvard Business Review上一篇名为The Accidental Influentials的文章，主要讨论了影响社会流行潮的主要因素：人们普遍认为社会流行潮的出现主要是由少数有影响力的名人推动的，但新研究表明其关键因素却是大部分的直接受影响者能够积极有效地参与传播过程。
全文中在长难句方面，难度居中。
作为2010年考研英语试卷的第三篇阅读，句子难度必然会较前面题型有所提升，尤其是后半部分难度增加，再加上文中的一些难词，这必然会给考生造成理解上的障碍，以致最终影响做题得分。
下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：【典型例句1】：In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.【例句解析】：本句中主干成分为some researchers have come up with the finding。
that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed是同位语从句，解释说明finding;而从句中又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句，采用省略主语的结构。
【难点点拨】：influential：有影响力的人;social epidemic：社会流行潮【例句释义】：然而，在近期研究中，一些研究者已经发现：有影响力的人对于社会流行潮的影响要比通常认为的小得多。
【典型例句2】：Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.【例句解析】：本句包含一个强调句型，即it is precisely…..who…..，用来强调主语，句子主干成分为these noncelebrity influentials are supposed to drive social epidemics。
1.When asked about the ongoing uproar involving U.S. President Bill Clinton , most people say the affair involves a purely private matter . But many other people regard his actions as deplorable . I personally think the president committed impeachable offences .当被问及对现在有关美国总统比尔·克林顿的沸沸扬扬的议论有什么看法时，大多数人认为这种暧昧关系纯属私事。
但是，还有很多人认为他的行为应当受到谴责。
我个人认为总统犯了这些过错，应该被指控。
2. When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing, some people think that use should be limited. Others argue that the opposite is true . There is probably some truth to both arguments, but emission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles. 涉及北京机动车使用量增加这一问题，有的人认为应该限制使用。
另一些人持相反意见。
也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是，无论车辆多少，必须对废气排放实行控制。
3. There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers. Those who object to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead to rising crime rates and harm social stability . They believe that strict limits should be placed on migrants entering China ' s cities . But people who favo r the influx of the cheap labor force, on the other hand, maintain that migrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure construction program.目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。
考研英语典型长难句及解析之三1. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。
that引导宾语从句。
此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中，除人生中最幸福的就是身体健康主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…，又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句，修饰…but became considerable。
considerable译为“相当大（或多的）”。
译文：我们曾经假定，分子之间存在着引力，这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化，因而，在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的，但是分子靠得很近时，这种引力会变得相当大。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured、【译文】尽管警告常常就是适当而且必须得——比如对于药物相互作用得危险提出警告——许多警告还就是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出得，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告就是不就是确实可以使得生产者与销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured就是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正得主语就是that引导得从句，而that从句之后就是一个if引导得条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间得部分就是举例说明warnings得内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中得many就是指many warnings。
2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 、【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起得各种问题也会对社会造成新得压力。
攻克考研英语长难句——200个经典句1．The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.结构分析：本句是and 连接的两个并列句；第一个句子的主要结构是The “shareholders” … had no knowledge …；过去分词短语employed by the company…作定语,修饰前面的workmen；定语从句in which he held shares修饰前面的the company；第二个句子的主要结构是his influence…was not good。
参考译文：这种股东不了解自己持股公司里工人们的生活、思想和需求。
他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。
２．The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.结构分析：but连接两个句子，表转折关系；第一个句子的主要结构是The paid manager … was in more direct relation with…；现在分词短语acting for the company作定语，修饰The paid manager；第二个句子的主要结构是he had seldom that familiar personalknowledge of the workmen…；定语从句which the employer hadoften had …a way修饰前面的familiar personal knowledge；介词短语under the more patriarchal system of the old familybusiness作状语，修饰谓语动词had often had；现在分词短语passing away作定语，修饰前面的old family business。
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise thanan intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕Intuitive 先天的与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别：句子的主语是This success与later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干构造是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than构造翻译为与其说，不如说。
微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success与动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析：这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现与找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。
since引导原因状语从句。
此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。
在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields是状语），possible做宾语补足语。
this指代前句中提到的这种困境。
energy pinch 译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。
译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。
2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison.结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。
