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英语读后感作文之《嘉莉妹妹》英语读后感1500字英语读后感作文之《嘉莉妹妹》英语读后感1500字Vivid Heroine——On Sister CarrieCarrie was such an ordinary rural girl at the beginning of the story. Sitting on the seat of a bus, she couldn’t help feeling exciting at the sight of the metropolis’ spectacle. She was impressed deeply by large crowd on the avenue, the spacious square or tall buildings.Far more different from other heroines, Carrie was not a plain pure angel like Snow-white, nor was she brave enough to be a heroine of revolutionist or even a reformer, nor was she so clever as to be a successful career woman who start from scratch.What attracted her most, after her entering this huge metropolis was the incredible fineries, fashion shoes, smart handbags displaying in the shop windows, the jewellerys shining brightly behind the glass. She dreamed that one day, she could wear all of these, jogging gracefully into the most luxurious hotel with focused sights of admiration.And this was not merely a dream. Because she had large eyes which can earn others’ sympathy, even love. She had wonderful figure which can win others’ hearts. However, anything she got, anywhere she reached, had not come from her ambition. Things happened, and then she accepted. That’s what she had just done — just to accept willingly from the bottom of her heart. She was not at all an evil woman who would give anything for the fortune or fame. However, she would give uo something for a better life when her instinct defeated her intellect.That was Carrie, a girl had her own desire, a human being just like many others in the realistic world.There’s one sentence written in chapter VIII:” When this jangle of free-will instinct shall have been adjusted, when perfect understanding has given the former the power to replace the latter entirely, man will no longer vary.” However, how many people can go that further.And I want to quote another sentence to wind up my essay: “In Carrie — as in how many of our wordings do they not? — instinct and reason, desire and understanding, were at war for the mastery.”。
《嘉莉妹妹》女性主义特征解读《嘉莉妹妹》是一部由美国作家夏洛特·珍德( Charlotte Perkins Gilman)创作的短篇小说，以第一人称视角讲述了主人公嘉莉在医生、丈夫以及家庭的禁锢下所经历的心灵折磨与抗争的故事。
本文将从女性主义的角度对《嘉莉妹妹》中的特征进行解读。
嘉莉代表了被压迫的女性群体，她在社会中受到了多重的禁锢与限制。
小说中，嘉莉被医生诊断为患有神经衰弱，违背了医生的嘱咐，嘉莉开始展开一系列秘密的活动。
这一点意味着嘉莉试图摆脱被家庭和医学权威所束缚的阻碍，她追求的是自由和个人独立。
小说中对于妇女在家庭中的地位与角色的描绘表现了小说的女性主义倾向。
在小说中，嘉莉是一个合格的主妇，她把照顾丈夫和儿子放在首位，过着尽职尽责的家庭生活。
嘉莉在这样的生活中感到了无尽的压抑与束缚，她对自我的渴望、对自由和个人独立的追求逐渐涌起。
小说中对嘉莉在家庭中的日常生活的描写充满了女性主义的意味。
嘉莉住在一个可以被视为她精神囚禁的房间里，这个房间的窗户被钉死，空气充满了她丈夫和医生所制定的规则和条条框框。
这个房间象征着嘉莉内心的囚禁和她在家庭中的地位的束缚。
嘉莉对这个房间的描述表达了她对于这种束缚的反感和渴望解脱的情感。
小说中描写嘉莉心灵变化的进程，表现了女性主义的意味。
嘉莉在房间的墙壁上看到了一个典型的象征女性被束缚的图案，她称之为“僵局”。
随着故事的发展，嘉莉开始逐渐抗争，并最终撕碎了房间中的墙纸，她释放了自己，摆脱了主人公认同以及社会束缚带来的精神困扰。
这一变革过程代表了嘉莉在女性地位与权利争取中的意识觉醒和抗争精神。
《嘉莉妹妹》体现了女性主义的多个特征。
小说通过主人公嘉莉的经历和内心感受，揭示了女性在家庭和社会中所经历的种种压制与禁锢。
嘉莉的抗争和追求个人独立的故事也呼应了女性主义的核心理念，即追求妇女在社会、家庭和个体生活中的平等和自由。
《嘉莉妹妹》堪称一部充满女性主义特征的经典作品。
《嘉莉妹妹》英文读后感导语：《嘉莉妹妹》是美国现实主义作家德莱塞的创作的长篇小说，是《珍妮姑娘》的姐妹篇。
下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语读后感，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!《嘉莉妹妹》英语读后感Vivid Heroine——On Sister CarrieCarrie was such an ordinary rural girl at the beginning of the story. Sitting on the seat of a bus, she couldn’t help feeling exciting at the sight of the metropolis’ spectacle. She was impressed deeply by large crowd on the avenue, the spacious square or tall buildings.Far more different from other heroines, Carrie was not a plain pure angel like Snow-white, nor was she brave enough to be a heroine of revolutionist or even a reformer, nor was she so clever as to be a successful career woman who start from scratch.What attracted her most, after her entering this huge metropolis was the incredible fineries, fashionshoes, smart handbags displaying in the shop windows, the jewellerys shining brightly behind the glass. She dreamed that one day, she could wear all of these, jogging gracefully into the most luxurious hotel with focused sights of admiration.And this was not merely a dream. Because she had large eyes which can earn others’ sympathy, even love. She had wonderful figure which can win others’ hearts. However, anything she got, anywhere she reached, had not come from her ambition. Things happened, and then she accepted. That’s what she had just done — just to accept willingly from the bottom of her heart. She was not at all an evil woman who would give anything for the fortune or fame. However, she would give uo something for a better life when her instinct defeated her intellect.That was Carrie, a girl had her own desire, a human being just like many others in the realistic world.There’s one sentence written in chapter VIII:”When this jangle of free-will instinct shall have been adjusted, when perfect understanding has given the former the power to replace the latter entirely, manwill no longer vary.” However, how many people can go that further.And I want to quote another sentence to wind up my essay:“In Carrie — as in how many of our wordings do they not? —instinct and reason, desire and understanding, were at war for the mastery.”故事开始之初，卡丽就是这样一个普通的农村女孩。
黄冈师范学院本科生毕业论文论文题目：An Analysis of Naturalism in Sister Carrie 作者：汪佳乐专业班级：英语201001班指导教师：童彦学号：************2014年5月16日郑重声明本人的毕业论文（设计）是在指导教师童彦的指导下独立撰写完成的。
毕业论文（设计）没有剽窃、抄袭、造假等违反学术道德、学术规范的侵权行为，本人愿意承担由此产生的各种后果，甚至法律责任；并可以通过网络接受公众的质疑。
特此郑重声明。
毕业论文作者：汪佳乐2014年5月13 日黄冈师范学院外国语学院本科毕业论文（设计）开题报告论文题目An Analysis of Naturalism in Sister Carrie 学生姓名汪佳乐学号201013140120专业班级英语201001班导师姓名童彦职称副教授2013年12月AbstractTheodore Dreiser is a representative naturalism writer of American literary history. He lived in the 20th century. In that period of time, with the development of technology and economy, people’s life got better and better, producing the contrast between poverty and wealth. At that time, while material pleasure is advocated, some people did whatever they could to become one of the social elites, and the morality and believes are neglected. In Theodore’s novels, he presented this social phenomenon and reality to the public. Sister Carrie is Theodore Dreiser’s first published works. It is a great fiction which sharply broke away from the traditional writing style at the beginning of the 20th century so that Sister Carrie became a milestone in American literature. In Sister Carrie, it tells a story of a beautiful country girl Carrie goes to Chicago alone to seek happiness and how she turns to a famous star in Broadway through all kinds of ways in the end.This paper takes Sister Carrie as an example, attempts to look into the literary naturalism and explains how environmental factors and hereditary factors influence people’s fate. It is divided into three chapters except an introduction and a conclusion. The first part gives a brief introduction about the writer and the novel, the second part draws attention to the produce and development of Naturalism. The third part, which is the most important one analyzes the Naturalism in Sister Carrie.Key words:Sister Carrie, Naturalism，Environment Factor, Heredity Factor摘要西奥多·德莱塞是美国文学史上的自然主义代表作家。
山西农业大学信息学院本科毕业论文从《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的悲剧分析美国的拜金主义系部名称：山西农业大学信息学院专业名称：英语学生姓名：李琼学号：2012600404指导教师：牛志萍二○一六年六月BACHELOR'S DEGREE THESISOF CISAUAn Analysis of the Money Worship of the United States: The Root of Sister Carrie’sTragedyCollege ：College of Information, Shanxi AgriculturalUniversitySubject ：English MajorName ：Li QiongNumber ：2012600404Director ：Niu ZhipingJune 2016郑重申明本人呈交的学位论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。
尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。
对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。
本学位论文的知识产权归属于培养单位本人签名: 日期：摘要在一个时代，经济发展的水平决定该时代人们的精神高度，而人们的精神追求也反映一个时代经济发展的阶段。
在西奥多·德莱赛生活的19世纪末20世纪初的美国，正处于商品经济发展的上升阶段，唯物主义渐渐占据上风。
琳琅满目的商品点缀的人们的生活，增加了他们的幸福感，但同时盲目追求这种“幸福感”也使人们的心灵逐渐“病化”。
嘉丽作为这个时期典型的代表人物，充分体现了社会底层的人们在面对物质满足时道德约束渐渐处于劣势。
在嘉丽的经历中，她内心的变化就是对这个时代经济发展水平最好的反映。
她一个人来到芝加哥大都市，从衣着破旧的乡下小姑娘到最终成为了百老汇明星，身份，地位应有俱有，看似嘉丽是幸福的，但嘉丽在得到物质享受的同时却也一直在失去，如每个女孩子渴望的忠贞不渝、天长地久的爱情，以及内心道德的自我满足。
A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF SISITER CARRIE《嘉莉妹妹》解读June, 2007Xiaogan UniversityAbstractSister Carrie tells the story of a small country girl Carrie who moves to Chicago to realize her “American Dream”and eventually becomes a Broadway star in New York. Despite living a luxurious life, she is lost in sprit. Reading the novel, we may easily notice Carrie’different needs and desires arising gradually and also the betrayal of traditional moral code in the process of pursuing material gain. The paper analyzes the reasons why Carrie has various needs at different stages of life, mainly based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. One is Carrie’s inner desires; the other is the outside force, including temptations of environment, cities, etc. The interaction between them makes Carrie lose herself eventually. It seems to tell people that in modern society material supplies more and more abundantly, but we should never pursue it blindly and much importance should be attached to happiness and stability created by spirit. It is essential to ponder the significance and the value of life.Key words: Sister Carrie; desire; lost; hierarchy of needs从马斯洛层次需要理论重新解读《嘉莉妹妹》摘要《嘉莉妹妹》讲述一位农村女孩嘉莉不甘贫穷来到芝加哥实现自己的“美国梦”，最终成为纽约百老汇一位著名的演员，享受奢华的物质却陷入精神迷失的故事。
LITERATURE REVIEW—AN ANALYSIS OF DREISER’S SISTER CARRIE《嘉莉妹妹》文学评论An 18-year-old girl without money or connections ventures forth from her small town in search of a better life in Theodore Dreiser's revolutionary first novel. The chronicle of Carrie Meeber's rise from obscurity to fame--and the effects of her progress on the men who use her and are used in turn--aroused a storm of controversy and debate upon its debut in 1900. The author's nonjudgmental portrait of a heroine who violates the contemporary moral code outraged some critics. A century later, Dreiser's characters continue to fascinate readers. The protagonist Carrie is still a controversial character. Many critics regard Carrie as a “fallen woman”, and there are also some critics regard her a s a “new woman”.Many people hold such an opinion that Sister Carrie is a tragedy, in which carrie is described as an immoral woman and she had an empty life though she succeeded as a famous player at the end of the novel. They conclude that “it is impossible to possess true happiness in a money-oriented capitalism society.”①(Li qi-shan 45).Jiang yu-qin says that “the city changed Carrie,a once innocent country girl into a seemingly successful empty life.”②(Jiang yu-qin 135)In her abstract she points out that Carrie represents the women who “experience desiring,chasing,struggling,falling and disillusioning.” Carrie was successful eventually from material aspect, but still unhappy spiritually.We can find such a paragraph in Peng dan-kui’s “Theodore and his Sister Carrie ”, “She(Carrie) has two persons to help her,but instead of getting better, she goes from bad to worse. Actually there is no one who can be the saviour for Carrie in the society. And she comes to realize it is impossible to be a success by working hard honestly…….Carrie is just one of the many victims of the city’s influence and of the capitalist society.”③(Peng dan-kui 75)From this passage, we can conclude that Mr. Peng takes Carrie as a traditional woman victim in a corrupted society. In other words, he denies that Carrie has her own motivates as an independent person.There are also many critics about the character carrie abroad.For example, in Sister Carrie and the Hidden Longing for Love: Sublimation or Subterfuge?Leon F. Seltzer says, “The thesis of this study is Carrie’s longing is shown by Dreiser(though never clearly understood by him )to be a longling for love and emotional relatedness. Such a longing, however, can never know fulfillment because, on one level, carrie is depicted as deficient in the capacity to love and, on far more essential level, her creator ( a man at once sterile and promiscuous, who….)was incapable of appreciating either the nature orpossibiities of human intimacy.”④(Leon F. Seltzer 192)We notice that seltzer descried carrie as a woman without the capability of love. Here he also attacked dreiser.From so many critics, we can see there are really many people they don’t appreciate Carrie. They think she is degenerate, immoral,cold-blooded, and without a lofty soul.But like everything has two sides, lots of other people have different viewpoints. They don’t take carrie so simply, so traditionally. They argue that carrie, from some aspects, stands for “new woman”, which we can see in Wu hong-yun’s Sister Carrie under the unconventional discourse of feminism. First she declares that “Carrie is not a victim ” of the captilist world, on the contrary, she is a victor, be cause “she (Carrie) proves her ability and realizes her value through her own efforts in the capitalist fatherhood society.”⑤(Wu hong-yun 36) Then Mrs. Wu put forward the idea “Carrie is not a immoral woman”, and she admires Carrie highly with the words like “spirit independently”, “rational and witty”, “hard working”, “a new woman” from the feminist angle. She even justifies Carrie’s desire for material gains. She insists that carrie shows a quality of “modern females”.It’s not superisingly that we can find almost the same words in Wang gang-hua’s article. He even puts Carrie to a new higher level. Here is a paragraph from his Carrie’s desires and motives : “in short, carrie shaped her own perfect image through the reflection in mirror , the discernment and the confirmation of the surrounding people. This kind of self-shaping cultivated carrie’s own consciousness, that is, she regards herself as an independent subject, and keeps an independent position in social activities. Thereafter, carrie gradully stepped into being active from passive.”⑥(Wang gang-hua 92) If we surf on the internet, we can find lots of critics about Sister Carrie. Clare Virginia Eby says in his Cultural and Historical Contexts for Sister Carrie, “Dreiser's evolutionary treatment of ethics in Sister Carrie ultimately verges toward the revolutionary, in that he tries to get readers to suspend judgment on actions that would typically be condemned as immoral, such as Carrie's premarital sex and Hurstwood's theft….. Dreiser discourages readers from viewing Carrie as immoral, instead drawing attention to the obsolescence of traditional moral standards. The ending of the novel is especially significant in this regard, for Dreiser breaks with long-standing literary tradition that "fallen women" must be fully punished, preferably by a grisly death. Carrie, to the contrary, may be unfulfilled or lonely at the novel's end, but she is very much alive and eminently successful in the eyes of the world.”⑦He added, “Carrie is not simply rebelling against her husband(Hurtswood) but more significantly against the role that women were traditionally supposed to follow. As historian Barbara Welter describes the nineteenth century ideal for the white middle class, the "True Woman" was expected to be pious, pure, domestic, and submissive. However a competing model for femininity emerged in the U.S. around the 1880s. The "New Woman" typically had a career and was economically independent. Frequently New Women aligned themselves with members of their own sex rather than in conventional marriages. Carrie follows this pattern …… Yet the typical New Woman was be tter educated and frequently more politically inclined than Carrie, and so we might best thinkof Dreiser's heroine as a transitional figure, moving from the Victorian model of True Woman toward the recognizably modern New Woman.”⑧From these two paragraphs, we can know clearly about Eby’s understanding of Carrie.Too many critics about Carrie exist from 1900 when dreiser finished the novel till now, and I can’t cite them one by one. Here I just classified them into two groups. From the totally different views, we can see that different people does hold different opinions. To me, I also have my own understanding of Carrie.First, I really can’t agree Carrie is a “fallen woman”.Those who criticized that she is greedy for material gains and she loses her sense of morality when she pursues her desire, to me, they failed to understand the novel deeply and they failed to treat carrie equally as well. It’s quite true that carrie had sexual relations with two men, which maybe the most unbearable thing for those who said Carrie is “immoral”, but when we read the novel, actually we can say that Carrie’s intention was to have a good husband.First she met Drouet who attracted her with his beautiful clothes and fine manners which represented he belongs to a high class. That is very nature, as I say. Carrie came from a poor peasant family and she wanted to search a better life in Chigago. When she met such a young man who was “ an experienced traveller, a brisk man of the world”⑨(Dreiser 9) and was so courteous to her. “It disposed her pleasantly toward all he might do.”⑩(10)After Carrie arrived the Hanson’s, she found things disappointing. She did efforts to search a job, but she failed at last. Drived by the desire for survival, she eventually accepted drouet. Here we should notice that though the main reason Carrie accepted Drouet is he had the money to support her, but on the other hand, Carrie did have some good feelings on him. Besides, Drouet promised to marry her. So at the beginning, the story went like lots of other love stories. Poor young beautiful girl comes to a big city and wants a “better life”, then she meets a rich man who makes she believe that they love each other, inevitably she wishes a wedding with the man. That happens a lot now. but in the fact, the man didn’t have a plan to marry her.And later, Carrie found another man who seemed worth her love. Hurtswood stands for a calss higher than Drouet’s. He was more attractive and he knew women’s heart better. Carrie once hesitated, but Drouet really couldn’t touch her heart any longer. Drouet himself was not a guy who really wanted to get married. So Carrie didn’t resist when Hurstwood lied to her and brought her to New York. That happened on a base that Carrie thought Hurstwood would marry her and gave her a happy life. That’s human’s instinct. Carrie’s instinct is to survive and to live better. That’s all. She didn’t have any intrigues like Mrs.Hurstwood. We still can say she is pure. She was just drived by the circumstances. So sexual relations with two men didn’t make carrie a “fallen woman”.Secondly, I do n’t agree completely that Carrie is a “new woman”.When Carrie met the living crisis in New York, at the beginning, she still believed that Hurstwood could made all things right. But later, she found Hurstwood was fallingrapidly. She tried to encourage Hurstwood to find a job to support the family, but he failed. He couldn’t find his place in the bigger city New York at all. But Carrie didn’t want to wait and die. She got a job in a theatre,not so easily, then she left him. Here we can often see many critics said carrie is “stone-hearted”. To me, Carrie’s behavior may be a bit cruel, but still can be forgave. Think what an enviroment she lives in! she needs to live! I also explain her action as a result of her instinct.Next, Carrie made herself successful on the stage by a small chance. She got money and fame gradually. But these can’t make her a “new woman”, because her success has much contingency. Her self-consciousness hadn’t be aroused untill she met Ames, a young engineer. His influence causes Carrie to become disillusioned with her success as an actress in comedy and makes her desire to perform more dramatic works. He introduced some writers to Carrie, and also gave some astonishing views about the surrounding people, which made Carrie think he was a special man. From that, Carrie started to think about lots of other things deeply. I say, Carrie at this moment is still not a“new woman”. She doesn’t has her own understanding of the world. She still can’t think and action as an independent woman.To sum up, I don’t think Carrie is “immoral”. When she is drived by her instinct to find a way to live, she has nothing to blame for. As Jerome Loving said, “For him(dreiser), man-all of humankind—was still halfway between animal instinct and ideal of human morality,and so alack of morality was to be expected.”⑾(Jerome Loving 92 The last titan:a life of theodore dreiser)To some extent, I agree with Eby’s opinion that Carrie is “a transitional figure, moving from the Victorian model of True Woman toward therecognizably modern New Woman”.Notes:⑦⑧Clare Virginia Eby:// /collections/rbm/dreiser/scculhist.htmlBibliography:(1)李其珊.《嘉莉妹妹》中的对比和象征艺术[J]玉林师范学院学报（哲学社会科学）2004(2)姜玉琴. 城市:一个承载事业、绞杀灵魂的谬体-从德莱塞的《嘉丽妹妹》到尤凤伟的《泥鳅》[J]外国文学研究2004(3)彭丹逵. 德莱塞和他的《嘉莉妹妹》[J]嘉兴大学学报1995(4)Leon F. Seltzer. Sister Carrie and the Hidden Longing for Love: Sublimation orSubterfuge?--- Twentieth Century Literature, V ol. 22, No. 2 (May, 1976) , pp. 192-209(5)王刚华. 嘉莉妹妹的欲望和驱动力[J]外国文学研究2002(6)Clare Virginia Eby .Cultural and Historical Contexts for Sister Carrie:// /collections/rbm/dreiser/scculhist.html(7)Dreiser,Theodore. Sister Carrie. Pennsylvania:University of Pennsylvania Press 1981(8)Loving,Jerome. The last titan:a life of theodore dreiser.California :University of California Press 1997(9)Pizer ,Donald. New Essays on Sister Carrie. New York:Cambridge University Press1991(10)Yoshinobu, Hakutani . Sister Carrie and the Problem of Literary NaturalismTwentieth Century Literature, V ol. 13, No. 1 (Apr., 1967) , pp. 3-17绝密文件，核心资料，拒绝盗版支持正版，从我做起，一切是在为了方便大家！。
一、奥德赛和及其《嘉莉妹妹》西奥多赫尔曼艾伯特德莱塞是一位来自美国的小说家,也是一位自然学家。
他有两部著名的小说《嘉莉妹妹》和《美国悲剧》。
德莱塞的作品具有丰富的社会性、复杂的情节和个性的语言。
他的作品显示着美国成熟的现实主义。
《嘉莉妹妹》是他的第一部小说,出版于1900年,是《珍妮妹妹》的姊妹篇。
这是关于一个叫嘉莉的女人的故事。
嘉莉出生于一个小山村,离开她生活的小镇到芝加哥寻找幸福。
为了摆脱困境,她背叛了她的贞操。
然后凭借她的美貌成为一个著名的歌手和演员。
这本书获得了相当的知名度,被誉为美国最伟大的都市小说。
马克思主义女性主义出现在20世纪70年代。
虽然马克思主义女性主义继承了马克思主义的妇女观,但是对马克思主义妇女理论的吸收仅仅是该派初期的发展特征,其主要的特征则是对马克思主义妇女理论的质疑、修正和补充。
妇女解放运动的蓬勃发展对人类社会的思想、文化和艺术产生了巨大的影响。
《嘉莉妹妹》是西奥多德莱塞的第一部小说,在小说中,德莱塞关注的不仅在芝加哥和纽约的女性、社会和私人生活,而且也关注男性、公共的一面。
嘉莉是一名18岁农村的漂亮却又胆怯的女孩子,她并不满足于乡村生活,因此在1889年8月的一个下午,登上从哥伦比亚开往芝加哥的火车。
在那个时候,她只是“半武装的小骑士”,她在观察力和分析能力还比较简单,且缺乏经验,天真的她希望能够征服这座城市。
但此时此刻她身上没有任何值钱的东西,她只有一张火车票、黄皮弹簧钱包里的四美金和一个她根本不知道可以做些什么的陌生城市。
正如德莱塞的小说所写:“一个女孩子18岁离开家时,她只有两条路可走,要么遇到教人向善的好人,把她往好处引;要么很快地接受了这世上通行的道德准则,从此堕落下去。
至于走中间的道路,不变好也不变坏,在这样的现实环境中是不可能的事。
”虽然她很穷,但她的外表确实是非常有吸引力的。
她遇见了一个名叫杜洛埃的人。
他与她畅谈,告诉她芝加哥的公园、剧院、人群、漂亮的房子,这些都让她感到自己的渺小。
（英语毕业论文）浅析《嘉莉妹妹》中新女性形象最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文，都是近期写作1 浅析《动物庄园》中极权主义形成的必然性2 浅析情景教学法对初中英语课堂教学的影响3 从杨必翻译的《名利场》看文学翻译中的归化与异化4 On the Sufferings of the Protagonists in Wilde’s Fairy Tales from the Aesthetic Perspective5 浅析艾米丽?迪金森诗歌的主题思想6 An Analysis of Symbols in Young Goodman Brown7 Cultural Connotation of Color Words in Chinese and Western Culture8 中英文名词性后缀的比较及其对翻译的启示9 《呼啸山庄》中的爱与复仇10 经典英文电影台词的文体分析11 分析《永别了，武器》中Henry的硬汉形象12 《睡谷的传说》中理想与现实的矛盾13 电视公益广告的多模态话语分析14 从《热爱生命》和《马丁?伊登》中透视杰克?伦敦心中对生命的执爱15 浅析英文商务信函的写作格式与文体风格16 Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese by Analyzing Brand Names17 A Comparison of the English Color Terms18 论《呼啸山庄》中希思克利夫的性格19 英汉新词形成因素研究20 翻译中的性别－－《简?爱》几个中译本的女性主义解读21 现实主义和唯美主义的水乳交融—评茨威格《一个陌生女人的来信》22 英汉死亡委婉语的文化差异及其分类对比23 An Analysis of Huckleberry Fi nn’s Personality24 论圣经诗篇的修辞特点25 《嘉莉妹妹》中嘉莉的欲望分析26 浅析《愤怒的葡萄》中主要人物的性格特征27 詹姆斯鲍德温《桑尼的布鲁士》中男主人公桑尼的自我救赎28 解析《爱玛》中女主人公的形象29 从苔丝和曼桢的角色分析中西文化下女性的抗争30 福克纳《我弥留之际》中达尔形象解析31 英语委婉语的表达模式和应用32 A Comparison of the English Color Terms33 英语委婉语及其翻译34 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XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编号：论文（设计）题目：从女性主义角度解读《嘉莉妹妹》学院： XXX学院专业：英语教育班级： XXXX级英语教育X班学生姓名：XXX 学号： XXXXXXXX 指导教师： XX 职称：XX1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是从女性主义角度解读女主人公嘉莉.米贝的新女性形象。
2、论文（设计）的主要内容本论文分为两章，第一章介绍嘉莉从依附家庭成员和情人到实现独立，并分析其依赖的客观社会原因。
第二章讨论了嘉莉自我意识的觉醒。
3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线本论文的基础条件是不同的研究者对文章的不同解读。
研究路线是对嘉莉.米贝在男权社会的新女性形象进行具体的阐释和解读。
4、主要参考文献E.L. Doctorow. 1958. An Introduction to Sister Carrie. New York: A Bantam Book, Inc.Abrham H. Maslow , G.N. 1970. a theory of human motivation. New York: Harper & RowCharvetr, J. 1982. Feminism. London: J.M. Dent& Sons Ltd.,蒋道超，1999，《德莱赛研究》，上海：上海外语教育出版社。
朱达，1989，《论德莱赛的〈嘉莉妹妹〉》，外国文学研究。
教师：年月日教研室主任：年月注：一式三份，学院（系）、指导教师、学生各一份XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述本科生毕业论文设计从女性主义角度解读《嘉莉妹妹》作者姓名XXX指导教师XX所在学院 XXX学院专业（系）英语教育班级（届） XXXX级英教X班完成日期 XXXX 年 5 月 8 日Feminist reading onSister CarrieByXXXXProf. XX, TutorA Thesis Submitted to Department of EnglishLanguage and Literature in PartialFulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A in EnglishAt XXXX UniversityMay 8, XXXXAbstractTheodor Dreiser is a distinguished writer in American literature in twentieth century. He boasts readers all over the world. In the meantime, Dreiser is widely discussed in critical filed. His first novel, Sister Carrie is his first novel and typical representative of naturalism and has remained a hot topic in American literature.By now, this novel has been researched from various perspectives, but few from feministic aspects systematically.With American society at the turn of the 19th and 20th century, the novel witnesses great transformation of that era. The booming industrialization changes people’s life style as well as their way of thinking and ideology, especially female’s thoughts. Sister Carrie juxtaposes rise to become a celebrity of a country girl and degradation of an affluent manager to a homeless beggar and finally resorts to suicidal. However, popularized commercialism and patriarchal thoughts imposes negative influence on woman, despite of which, Carrie achieves independence from family and lover and realizes talent and beauty awareness.The thesis is composed of two chapters.Chapter one introduces the emergence of new woman in the deeply-rooted patriarchal society, analyzes Carrie’s independence from family and lovers and explains the objective reason for her dependence- consumerist society.Chapter two discusses three kinds of traditional woman and their fate pattern and concentrates on Carrie’s gradual achievement of beauty awareness and talent awareness and her attitude to reality from passiveness to activeness.The significance of the study includes two aspects. Firstly, through the analysis, the researcher wants readers to be more familiar with plot and characters of this novel, not merely regards it as a naturalistic work. Secondly, the research tries to employ concrete supporting theories to analyzeKey words independence self-consciousness freedom摘要西奥多.德莱赛是二十世纪美国文学史上的一名著名作家。
他的作品深受广泛读者的喜爱。
同时，德莱赛在文学评论界也备受关注。
他的第一部小说《嘉莉妹妹》是自然主义的代表作，一直以来都是美国文学史上的讨论热点。
评论家们从不同的视角对这部作品进行了研读，但很少从女性角度进行系统研读。
小说以十九世纪末二十世纪初的美国为背景，当时美国社会正处于社会变革时期。
工业化的出现改变了人们的生活方式和思维方式，尤其是女性的思想。
其中，流行的消费主义和根深步步名利双收，而殷实的饭店经历赫思德伍德却沦落为乞丐，自杀身亡。
此论文包括简介和结论，共又四章组成。
第一章简单介绍了作者，尤其是其家庭背景和主要作品。
第二章介绍了在根深蒂固的男权社会新女性涌现的现状，分析了嘉莉实现独立于家庭和情人的过程。
第三章讨论了三种传统女性及其各自不同的命运轨迹。
着重分析了嘉莉自我意识的觉醒，包括对美的意识和才能意识及其生活态度由消极向积极的转变。
第四章总结全文和《嘉莉妹妹》的研究方向。
此研究的重要性包括三方面。
首先，本文细致地阐述了文本，让读者对情节和人物性格及关系有了更深刻的了解。
其次，本文使用理论论证，让人信服。
再次，本文分析了新女性的具体表现，激励更多的女性摆脱家庭的束缚，实现经济独立，在男权社会追求自由。
关键词独立自我意识自由Table of ContentsAbstract (Ⅲ)Abstract in Chinese (Ⅳ)Introduction (1)ChapterⅠ From Affiliation to Independence (4)Ａ.Gaining independence from family (5)Ｂ.Gaining independence from lovers (7)Ｃ.An objective reason for her dependence-consumerist society (10)ChapterⅡ From obedience to self-consciousness (12)A.Beauty awareness (14)B.Talent awareness (15)C.From passive acceptance to active pursuit (16)Conclusion (20)Notes (23)Bibliography (24)IntroductionA. A Brief Introduction to DreiserTheodore Dreiser is born in a strict Catholic family in Terre Haute, Indiana, on Aug. 27, 1871. His family was mostly impoverished. According to Donald Pizer, "it was a family at the very bottom of social scale—poor, large, ignorant, and superstitious." Full of illusions over prosperity of the city, he went to Chicago in 15 after drop-out in Indiana University, where he was a handyman with slender pay. He became a journalist in 23, which enabled him to see miserable struggle of the poor and the extreme extravagancy of the rich and see through the exploitative nature of Capitalism and laid foundation for his subsequent naturalistic works.He is one of the most extraordinary literary figures in America history of 20th century literature. He published his first novel, Sister Carrie in Nov.8, 1900, which was the first masterpiece of the American naturalistic movement. The depth of characterization and the novel's conceptions proved Dreiser's talent of being a literary master. His novels mainly deals with matters of the desire to escape poverty and the desire to possess wealth in a society that was in a period of transformation—"the tide of migration from country to city; the impersonal nature of the urban setting of factories, tenements, and department stores; the contrast of poverty and wealth; the new culture of conspicuous consumption”.American Tragedy tells the story of an ambitious young person from the Midwest. In this case, however, the novel's hero is a man who is brought to ruin because of a horrible action he commits - he murders a poor young woman whom he has gotten pregnant, but whom he wants to discard in favor of a wealthy young woman who represents luxury and social advancement.Dreiser is also known for the trilogy - The Financier(1912),The Titan (1914), and the posthumously published The Store (1947). Collectively the three books paint the portrait of a brilliant and ruthless "financial buccaneer."Dreiser’s narration is natural, frank and free from plot exaggeration, sentimentality or pettiness. His tone is mostly serious, never sarcastic or comic.He wins admiration from readers for large quantities of real-life subjects, detailed, precise and painting-like descriptions, generous compassion over immorality. He is good at employing the journalist method of repetition to burn a central impression in reader’s mind.B. A Brief Introduction to Sister CarrieIn the novel, Dreiser abandons idealistic moralization and focuses on detailed factual presentation of the vagaries of urban life and sordid existence in human and society, and therefore encounters heavy attacks and condemnation from scholars, critics and press companies. Many reviewers views it as “gloomy” and “unhealthful”because the heroine, engages in sexual relationships without suffering the poverty and social downfall that were supposed to be the "punishment" for such "sin." But this can not deny the fact that it becomes a beacon to subsequent American writers whose allegiance is to the realistic treatment of any and all subject matter. Sister Carrie survives over a century and remains to this day an influential example of naturalism and realism.Sister Carrie tells the story of an ignorant but honest, pretty, innocent and clever small-town girl who comes to the big industrialized city Chicago to make a living filled with vague ambitions for happiness. She is used by men and uses them in turn to become a successful Broadway actress while George Hurstwood, the married man with whom she has run away with, loses his hope in life and descends into beggary and suicide. In the process, Carrie struggles for material, physical and spiritual independence in patriarchal society. She is firstly a private doll of Drouet and Hurstwood and relies on them financially, thus is subordinate to them both physically and spiritually. Fortunately, she is finally able to get rid of insincere relationships and family confinement and becomes a free and strong woman who earns every penny with her own hands and receives material satisfaction.The story begins with 18-year-old Carrie Meeber, bright, timid and full of illusions of innocence and youth, boarding on a train to Chicago with little belongings. On the train, a salesman named Drouet is attracted by her beauty andinitiated a conversation. Meanwhile, she is impressed with Drouet’s fine clothes and manner. Before arriving in Chicago, they agree on a date by exchanging address and Drouet’s promise to visit Carrie at her sister’s house.At the sight of Minnie in station, Carrie feels harsh reality. By observation, Carrie realizes that Minnie lives a monotonous, dull and conventional life with and urgency of her finding a job to pay boarding. She goes to job-hunting with mixed timidity and bravery; finally she finds a job in a shoe factory, which she views as a temporary standpoint. After paying for Minnie and brother-in-law Hanson, Carrie cannot even afford a winter coat. She felt ill and lost job. Facing the crisis of leaving Chicago, she hunts job again but in vain. Frustrated and desperate, she goes across Drouet, to whom she tells about impasse she encountered. Drouet lends her a hand and persuaded her to leave Minnie’s house and rent a house for her.Then Drouet introduces her to Hurstwood, manager of a top-scale saloon, who is more decent and sophisticated than Drouet and owns a delicate house, a wife, a daughter and a son. Hurstwood falls crazily in love with Carrie and visites Carrie while Drouet is on a business trip. When he returns, Drouet secures a part for Carrie in a play. Carrie presentes outstanding performance and assures Hurstwood of determination to obtain Carrie. However, Drouet found about Hurstwood’s frequent visit, which resultes in his serious quarrel with Carrie. Carrie blames Drouet for her ignorance of Hurstwood’s marriage.Meanwhile, Hurstwood’s continuing neglect and aloof arouses Hurstwood’s wife Julia’s suspicion. Julia is a calculating, cold and self-centered woman. She knows Hurstwood’s affair with a certain woman from a friend’s mouth. She confronts Hurstwood and takes a series of actions to punish Hurstwood, including filing for divorce, hiring a detective. Faced with financial and social collapse, Hurstwood steals 9 thousand dollars from boss’s safe and allures Carrie onto a train to Montreal by tricks of lying that Drouet was injured. In Montreal, he returns most of the money to avoid prosecution and sentence.They get married under the name of Wheeler. Then they leaves for New Yorkand rents an apartment. But Hurstwood fails to find a job. Finally he buys a partner in a tavern. Things are fine until the partner were dissolved. He resorts to find a new employment. Gradually, he loses desire in job-hunting and stays at home all day. They move into a smaller apartment due to financial embarrassment.Hurstwood degenerates into idleness and started gambling. Carrie sets out to finda place in a chorus. She becomes bread winner and pays for family expenditure.Then she leaves Hurstwood and lived with a friend.In the end, Carrie rises to fame and fortune in sharp contrast with Hurstwood’s beggary and suicidal. Drouet acknowledges Carries’career success and tries to restore relationship with her but is refused. Furthermore, Hurstwood’s ex-wife’s wish of her daughter marrying an affluent husband comes true.C. Purpose of the StudySister Carrie is a classic representative of naturism literature. Few scholars study it from feministic perspective. This thesis intends to enrich research of Dreiser and Sister Carrie in a comprehensive way from feministic perspective and further arouse feminine’s self-consciousness to be independent financially, courageous, free and positive especially in a man-dominated patriarchal society.Chapter ⅠFrom Affiliation to IndependenceThe New Woman is a feminist ideal that emerged in the late 19th century and had a profound influence on feminism well into the twentieth. The term "New Woman" was popularized by American writer Henry James, to describe the growth in the number of feminist, educated, independent career women in Europe and the United States. In the end of 19th century, there emerges thousands of ”new woman”, they are mainly divided into 2 categories: woman laborers in working class and young girl or lady from middle class who is confined to a particular role but dissatisfied with tradition woman destiny. Carrie Meeber is a new woman who comes to a metropolitan city full of ambitions for fortune and success with a total outfit of a small trunk, acheap imitation alligator-skin satchel, a yellow leather snap purse. Practically, she owns nothing valuable.The patriarchal notion of women subordinated to men has been rooted in people’s mind essentially because of women’s financial dependence and affiliation on man. Aristotle defines women as “misbegotten males”and Aquinas believes that women are Penis一envying(Ruth1991:2).T. N. Singh Points out that woman have been generally looked upon as a shadow figure to a male caretaker, be he a father, husband or son. (Singh1991:8). There is a clear line that woman should be pious, submissive, obedient, domestic and sentimental. On the contrary, man should be dominant, confident, competent and rational. Anyone who crosses the boundary will be distained and labeled as perverse or abnormal.In the 19th century, man dominated public places and job opportunity because of comparatively physical advantages and overwhelming gender discrimination. On the contrary, woman worked behind the fierce survival –fighting arena at home by giving birth to and nurturing off-springs and doing housework. Carrie’s sister Minnie is a prototype of such traditional women. In 1870, women in the professions were only 6.4% of the United States non-agricultural workforce; this rose to 10% in 1900, then 13.3% in 1920.In Sister Carrie, at first, the heroine relies on sister emotionally and is seduced to the easier way to fortune and fame by depending on two lovers materially and spiritually. When she loses her money sources after Hurstwood’s bankruptcy and spiritual decadence, she came out again to find a position in a chorus and rises to fame as a famous actress step by step in Broadway. Eventually, She leaves Hurstwood ,sometimes even supports Hurstwood with money and becomes a physically and spiritually independent individual. After shattering of illusion that happiness, fortune and stable life will fall upon her naturally by marriage like traditional women, she learns to stand on her own feet and manages to find a foothold strongly and independently far beyond expectation in fierce male-dominated patriarchal society. Indeed her success excels most men in workforce.A．G aining Independence from FamilyWhen Carrie turns to 18, she chooses to earn her living in a prosper city instead of settling in a small, dull town. Although there is “a gush of tears at her mother’s farewell kiss, a touch in her throat when the car crashed by flour mill where her father worked by day”, She leaves home with a cheap bag, a small lunch in a paper box, and a yellow leather snap purse, containing her ticket, sister’s address and four dollars in money .She gets independent from her parents both financially and psychologically.She steps out of her sister Minnie’s apartment to seek job on arrival and pays for accommodation with 4 dollars a week from 4.5 dollars pay. Although being turned down for 4 times, she manages to find a job in a shoe factory.After finding a job, she feels that life is better, that it is livelier, sprightlier. She boards a car in the best of spirits, feeling her blood still flowing pleasantly. She makes up her mind to live in Chicago more resolutely. Her nature of innocence and inexperience of life misleads her to think that this money cleared for its prospective possessor the way to every job and every bauble which the heart of woman may desire.During work, Carrie figures at once that an average speed was necessary or the work would pile up on her and all those below would be delayed. She has no time to look about and bent anxiously to her task. “S he barely has time to stand up and stretch legs. Her neck and shoulders aches in bending over. The place smells of the oil of the machines and new leather, adding to stale of the building.”(100) The floor presents a littered surface. Frivolous and toil-stained boys pokes conspicuous flirt on her.When she loses job, her obedient sister and indifferent and mean sister-in-law try to persuade her to return home for their own sake. But she refuses to yield to environment compulsion .By accident during job-hunting, she meets Drouet to whom she is attracted because of her crude underlying beauty. Knowing about Carrie’s unemployment and dilemma in sister’s house, Drouet offers Carrie 2 shininggreenback and seduces her to live in his apartment temporarily during his business trip. Out of desperate, Carrie falls upon Drouet’s warm invitation and agrees to live in his apartment for a while without informing her sister of her leaving. In the process, Carrie gains independence from family members.As a matter of fact, Carrie does not receive help from sister in the first place. Carrie senses immediately that her sister Minnie and sister-in-law lives a narrow and lean life. They live in a narrow apartment with a baby.On the one hand, Hanson is employed as a cleaner of refrigerator cars with poor wage. His life is wrapped up in a trilogy- getting up pretty early in the morning, reading newspaper silently before dinner and sleep, tricking his beloved baby that seems to be the only thing that ” makes a pleasant side of his life”. The only thing about Carrie that draws his attention is whether Carrie has a job to pay for the board and he becomes silence every time it comes to expenditure on entertainment. He holds indifferent attitude towards Carrie’s presence or absence, not to mention lending help to Carrie. Repressed by poverty, Hanson’s life is replete with monotony and dullness and his family is scarcely paid visit to by friends, relatives or colleagues.On the other hand, Minnie is the replica of Hanson, with ideas of life colored by her husband. “Minnie had invited Carrie, not because she longed for her presence, but because the latter was dissatisfied at home, and could probably get work and pay her board here”. It is the board pay that Minnie cares about instead of sister’s well-being in Chicago. So when there is not money they can possible flow into Carrie’s purse from sister after losing job in the shoe making company. As a matter of fact, Minnie sides with Hanson in the matter of persuading Carrie to return home to get through winter, which indirectly results in Carrie’s dependence on Drouet.B. Gaining Independence from LoversSister Carrie naively puts her stakes on two men, first Drouet then Hurstwood. While this proved to no avail, she starts striving by her own.Although fascinated by great buildings, exuberant parks, shady boulevards, theater, fine houses introduced by Drouet, there is a little ache in her fancy of all the described. Her insignificance in the presence of so much magnificence faintly affectes her.Due to disability to tell difference between truth and lies, insufficiency in social experience and narrow horizon as a country girl, she estimates Drouet by his appearance. Impressed with Drouet’s exquisite dressing, fat purse and decent behavior, she has subconsciously accepted this man’s solicitation. She admires and trusts in this total stranger and therefore accepts his so-called friend aids of two soft, green ten-dollar bills, and subsequent gorgeous clothes and comfortable accommodation. It is reasonable for her to choose the latter one between being driven home and “keeping safe in a halcyon harbor”with a little green-carpeted breathing spot, good-quality Brussels carpet, large pier-glass mirror, a soft plush-covered couch and a wardrobe.Drouet loves to make advances to women, to have them succumb to his charms because he regards it as a chief delight. He is vain and boastful and deluded by fine clothes. He exchanges material possession for Carrie’s accompany to extravagant clothes in order to satisfy the betters. His genuine attitude towards Carrie is vividly depicted in the sentence “how delicious is my conquest”. When Hurstwood, compared with whom he is marginal in fortune and social contacts, appreciated and admired him for having Carrie, he is pleased and satisfied.Besides, there is no mutual respect and understanding between their relationships. Drouet always releases an air of superiority and arrogance. He constantly stares at and praises stylishly dressed and beautiful woman frivolously on street without slightest thought of his behavior might hurt Carrie’s feeling. He watches closes on every tiny movement of women’s feet, chins and with what with what grace and sinuosity they swung bodies and follows the disappearing with his eyes. Besides, He is too careless to comprehend Carrie’s sensibility and kept educating and wounding her. Drouet can not hear delicacy and loneliness in Carrie’s voice and consoles her out of depression over tragic life. All in all, they become more and more distant and estranged in mind, at least which is the case in Carrie’s side.Drouet never thinks about forging a righted and justified marriage with Carrie. Despite of Carrie’s persistence in getting married like traditional women, he tries every means to evade the topic and postpones marriage date again and again.He is lucky in the fact that opportunity tumble into his lap in serving as savior of Carrie in predicament. “W ith a little more experience, the slightest tide of success, and he has not been able to approach Carrie at all”.Drouet bombards on her by satisfying her desire for fancy goods and taking her to elegant theaters and up-scaled restaurants, which are symbols of substantial wealth and high social status in Carrie’s point of view and exactly what Carrie has been longing and struggling for. As a green country girl who lacks school education and professional training, she loses hope in finding a new job. She pays for her material desire by being Drouer’s temporary private doll to expel loneliness and brag as a trophy deprived of physical and mental free will. Drouet views Carrie as his personal belonging and items to show off and win dignity and honor in high social class, which explains why he insists in inviting Hurstwood.Hurstwood, manager of a gorgeous saloon from a Chicago standpoint, is well established in a neat house and an individual of American upper class- the first grade below the luxuriously rich. He is shrewd, clever and professionally tactful.During Carrie’s contact with Hurstwood, who is a sophisticated and tactful married man to a middle class lady and engages in perennial arguments with his vain and self-conceited wife then, Carrie observes his advantages over Drouet in wealth, social class and manner. In Carrie’s eyes, Hurstwood is cleverer than Drouet in a hundred ways, for example, he is not overawed and overbold and possessed mild, placid and assured temperament. His patent clothes are elegant in material and do not strike the eye so forcibly as Drouet’s conspicuous clothes. Most importantly, he is alive with thoughts and feelings concerning Carrie. By contrast, Drouet is egotist, buoyant, too full of ruddy life and too assured. He will not feel grievant at breaking up with girls. In conclusion, Hurstwood is the soul mate in the time being. Carrie’s meticulous observation and analysis form basis of her leaving Drouet and accepting Hurstwood’s passionate bombards.In the mean time, Hurstwood allures and deceives Carrie with passionate love words and understanding speech tones. Carrie becomes mistress of Hurstwood in the circumstance of unawaring of Hurstwood’s marriage. Once again, she falls into the honey hotbed of a man who can not promise her marriage or lifelong happiness and abandons physical and material autonomy. When knowing about Hurstwood’s hiding the truth of being married from her and exposed of love affair with Hurstwood to Drouet , Carrie resolves to leave them and “live a decent and honest life”. This time Carrie comes to the vague consciousness of getting independence from man.When Julia, Hurstwood’s wife, discovers his love affair and files for divorce paper, Hurstwood steals salon’s money and tricks Carrie to flee with him to Montreal. Carrie once again puts stakes on man and marriage. They live extravagant life for a while. Soon Hurstwood is discovered by a detective commissioned by salon boss and threatened to return money. Because of ruined reputation, Hurstwood loses job as a waiter in a restaurant and can barely find any job. Out of desperate, Carrie finds a job as a member in a chorus supports Hurstwood sometimes and leaves him in the end. Finally, she wakes up and drops illusion of depending on man and marriage to ultimate happiness and becomes a strong and independent woman in unequal patriarchal society. After all, a job is the only protective talisman of woman.As is stated in women and economics by Gilman, Charlotte Perkins, “The primary reason for woman’s secondary position is that woman depend man to raise family. Only when woman walks out of family cocoon and broaden horizon, will they acquire equal status with man. Working is the fundamental way to self-actualization. It brings not only happiness, but also healthy development of independent personality”, Carrie gains independence from man’s control and regain free will by finding a valuable job.”1C. An objective reason for her dependence-consumerist societySocial environment of commercialization plays an important role in Carrie’s endless desire for commodities and consequent dependence on man power to meet her material needs.Carrie lives in an industrial and commoditized society in which people find their identity in items of consumption. America witnesses industrial era since the first half of nineteenth century. The enormous industrial and social achievements propel social transition. Among the changes in this period are the vast production and consumption of goods, the opening up of huge factories, the development of electricity in the 1880s which augmented factories more than ever, the revolution in mass communication, the construction of railroads, the invention of telephone, the incredible rise of population with the rushing of immigrants into this country, the toil and drudgery of women, the appearance of “titanic industrialists” who h olds great wealth which constantly widens the gap between the rich and the poor, the removal of rural and agricultural areas as a result of the emigration of rural people to the cities in the hope of finding better job opportunities. After 1865, rail monopolizes transportation sector with 190 thousand acres. Furthermore, manufacture volume surpasses the agriculture’s for the first time. Carrie’s craving for pleasure is so strong that it is the one stay of her nature. The consumer society constantly produces objects with needs corresponding to them, leading Carrie to feel that they always lack something, and this process explains the never-ending process of consumption. ”2Individuals in a consumer society try to define their personality and social status through objects. Women are seen as active consumers in society. The city is full of enticing objects which lead Carrie to ambition and desire for luxury. These commodities attract Carrie to themselves all the time, no matter if she is able to buy them or not. When she is moneyless and searches for a job at a department store, she is mesmerized by “the dainty slippers and stockings, the delicately frilled skirts and petticoats, the laces, ribbons, hair combs, purses”(Dreiser, 1982, p.23) and there is nothing there which she does not want to have. She can feel the “claim of each trinket and valuable upon her personally”Later in the novel, when she has enough money to spend, her ambition is not。
