专题4 专题过关检测

Unit 4过关检测时间:60分钟满分:100分一、单项填空(每小题1分,共10分)1.—Could you please show me how to use the washing machine?—Please follow the .A. instructionsB. introductionsC. inventionsD. invitations2.—How does Lily want to design the birthday card?—She doesn't want to do it by herself. She plans to ask someone else to do it, .A. yetB. insteadC. tooD. either3.The bottle is full water. Who has filled it water?A. of; ofB. with; ofC. with; withD. of; with4.Something when they decorated the room.A. cut outB. went wrongC. tidied upD. made a mistake5.Yangyang's mother bought two pens for him. One is blue, and is black.A. the otherB. otherC. anotherD. others6.—Would you please the meeting instead of me, Cindy?—I'll be glad to, but I have an after-school activity to .A. join; attendB. take part; join inC. attend; take part inD. attend; take part7. —Some young people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.—That's too bad. Everyone be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A. wouldB. mayC. shouldD. need8.—Jenny, you'd better your kid into the music hall. Maybe he is a bit noisy but he can learn a lot from the concert.—OK, I got it.A. takeB. not takeC. not to takeD. not taking9.—Do you think most people in Nanjing can talk with foreigners in English?—Yes, I think so. a young child an old person is learning to speak English.A. Either; orB. Neither; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also10.—Can you help me repair the bike?—. Come and get it in half an hour.A. No problemB. I'm sorry I can'tC. Not at allD. It's a pleasure二、完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)Six-year-old Brandon decided one morning to make his parents pancakes. He found a big bowl and a spoon, pulled a chair to the table, opened the cupboard and pulled out the heavy flour(面粉)bag. He put some flour 11the bowl with his hands, mixed in a cup of milk and 12some sugar.Soon Brandon was covered with flour and getting frustrated(懊恼的). He wanted this to be something 13for Mum and Dad, but it was getting very bad. He didn't know what to do 14.Suddenly he saw his cat near the bowl and went to push her away, 15the egg box to the floor. He tried to clean up but slipped(滑倒)on the eggs, getting his clothes 16. Just then, he saw his dad 17at the door.Brandon's eyes were full of tears. All he wanted to do was something good, but now he was sure his dad would beat(揍)him, but his father didn't. 18, he picked up his crying son and kissed him.That's what we sometimes face in life. We try to do something good, but it turns into a mess(一团糟). Sometimes we just stand there in tears 19we can't think of anything else to do. Hopefully, someone close to us picks us up, loves us and forgives us. But we can't 20 trying to "make pancakes" for Dad or for others. Sooner or later we'll get it right, and then they'll be glad we tried.11.A. above B. at C. into D. under12.A. bought B. tasted C. gave D. added13.A. terrible B. forgettable C. good D. interesting14.A. certainly B. already C. recently D. next15.A. falling B. breaking C. knocking D. sending16.A. clean B. big C. cheap D. dirty17.A. standing B. sitting C. looking D. pushing18.A. Therefore B. Finally C. Instead D. But19.A. because B. though C. whenever D. so that20.A. stop B. keep C. mind D. finish三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)AIn my spare time, I paint designs(图案) on T-shirts. I got the idea two years ago for my brother's birthday present. The shop wanted $20 for a special design on a T-shirt, so I decided to do it myself. I bought a white cotton T-shirt for $6 and some paints, and I painted a lion on the front. My brother loved it!Painting T-shirts is great fun. You needn't be a great artist, and you can just paint shapes(形状) and lines(线条). The T-shirts are the most expensive part of my hobby. You have to use special paints because they can last a long time. Brushes are not really expensive but you need to buy ones of good quality.I love my hobby because I can make quite different T-shirts for others. I give a lot of them away as presents to my family and friends. Sometimes, I sell them. Since I started, I've made about 60 T-shirts and each one is different.21.Two years ago the writer decided to .A. buy a T-shirt with a special designB. paint a special design on a T-shirtC. sell a T-shirt with a special designD. write a special word on a T-shirt22.How much did it cost the writer to buy a white cotton T-shirt ?A.$20.B.$8.C.$6.D.$2.23.What was the writer's first design?A. A shape.B. A line.C. A lion.D. A T-shirt.24.are necessary (必要的) if you want to paint a design on a T-shirt.A. Special paints and good-quality brushesB. Special paints and cheap brushesC. Good-quality brushes and good painting skillsD. Good painting skills and cheap paints25.The writer loves his hobby because .A. he can give away the T-shirts as presentsB. he can wear many cheap and beautiful T-shirtsC. he can make quite different T-shirts for othersD. he can have many beautiful T-shirts26. You can join the class if you like to .A. offer some recipesB. teach how to cookC. make desserts yourselfD. get some surprises27. You will in the class.A. eat the meal with the teacherB. celebrate the special daysC. learn 2-3 recipes each lessonD. have a hands-on experience28. You will pay for five lessons.A.$30B.$60C.$120D.$15029. How can you attend the class?A. Make a phone call to them.B. Send them an e-mail.C. Get information from parents.D. Come to the class directly.30.Where can we read this passage?A. On the Internet.B. In a magazine.C. In a storybook.D. In a travel guide.CThis morning I got an email from Roy. It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at Harvard University.The email made me think of the first day when we moved into this house.Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys, books and clothes. Suddenly his little hand knocked over a bottle of paint on the shelf. The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess. "Oh!" My wife rushed in angrily. I looked at my son, and his small face was filled with fear.I smiled and held his hand, "Take it easy, Roy. Now let's do something to make it look nice."I took out a brush. "You see, Dad is a magician. I can change it into a big tree."His mother soon joined us and helped paint some flowers on the wall.We spent the whole afternoon painting and laughing. The wall became a beautiful forest with plants, birds and small animals. Blue sky and white clouds were also painted by Roy. On that day, everyone in the house knew something special happened.The night before Roy left for Harvard, he asked me if I still remembered the day when he had knocked over the paint. "Since then I've never worried about making mistakes," he continued, "I believe I can always find out ways to solve the problems."That's for sure. Mistakes are unavoidable(不可避免的), making mistakes is part of life. When we make a mistake, what we shouldn't do is to run away from it. The mistake can be valuable if we can make full use of it. In fact, our attitudes(态度) towards them may make a difference.31.When the bottle of paint was knocked over, .A. Roy felt down and hurt himselfB. the whole family became a messC. Roy's mother cleaned the floor at onceD. Roy's father did something special to Roy32.What did the father do with the paint?A. To give a magic show.B. To teach his son to draw.C. To draw a forest on the floor.D. To paint some pictures on the wall.33.How did Roy feel that whole afternoon?A. Excited but tired.B. Busy but happy.C. Useless and bored.D. Afraid and worried.34.From the passage, we know Roy .A. learn a lot from his fatherB. will become braver to face difficultiesC. will try to avoid making mistakesD. has a bad relationship with his mother35.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the passage?A. It is natural for a person to make mistakes.B. Everyone must learn to pay for their mistakes.C. We should never be afraid of making mistakes.D. One's attitude towards mistakes is very important.四、任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)Tanghulu, is fruit covered with sugar on a stick, a traditional snack from northern China. It's also a necessary snack during the Chinese New Year season. Recently, in northern China, people welcome the return of spring by holding the Tanghulu Fair (庙会).Many Chinese still remember eating Tanghulu when they were young. It is said that the fair has a 500-year-old history. Nowadays, Tanghulu is not only a kind of snack, it is also a sweet memory of our childhood. Every year, a large number of Tanghulu sellers get together to start delicious Tanghulu Competition during the Spring Festival holidays. In the past, this traditional snack only used haws(山楂果), but now it also uses grapes, oranges, strawberries and so on. But people like Haw Tanghulu best. They are rich in vitamin (维他命) C and E. Do you know how to make Haw Tanghulu? First, wash the large haws clean, dig the seeds (籽) out, and pierce (刺破) ten haws on a stick. Then they heat the sugar, put the sticks of haws into heated sugar and quickly pull them out. When the sugar on the haws cools down and becomes a candy coat, the Tanghulu is done. Tanghulu is very popular in China, especially in Beijing. It also makes many foreigners want to taste it.We hope Tanghulu will become one of the most popular snacks in the world.根据短文内容回答下列问题36.Where is Tanghulu from?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________37.How do people welcome the return of spring in northern China?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________38.What do the Tanghulu sellers get together to do during the Spring Festival holidays every year? _______________________________________________________________________________ _________39.What kind of vitamin is the Haw Tanghulu rich in?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________40.What is the passage mainly about?_______________________________________________________________________________ _________五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)(A)根据句意及汉语提示写出单词41.My teacher often (建议) everyone to buy a dictionary.42.The workers still kept (修补) cars at lunchtime.43.There was a (可怕的) wind last week and some trees were even blown down.44.Don't make so many (错误) in your homework next time.45.The book with a green (封面) may tell you a lot about DIY.(B)用所给单词的适当形式填空46.The books on those (shelf) are all about science.47.Tom, don't (cut) the ball open. It will be broken.48.Can you show me how (stick) a rose on the card?49.Not only Lucy but also Lily (have) got many friends in China.50.You'd better not (add) too much sugar to the dish or it will be too sweet.六、根据短文内容及首字母提示补全短文(每小题1分,共10分)An old carpenter was ready to retire(退休). His boss was sorry(难过的) to see the good worker go. He asked the carpenter if he could b51just one more house. The carpenter said yes, but his m52was not on his work any more.He used poor materials and worked on the house c53. When the carpenter finished his work, the boss handed the front-door key to him."This is your house,"he said. "A g54for you."What a surprise! What a shame! I55he had known he was building his own house, he would have done it differently. Now he had to live in the home he had poorly built. So it is with us. S56, we build our lives carelessly. At important points we do not try our b57. Then with a shame we look at the situation we have created(创造). We find that we are now living in the house we have poorly built. But we don't have a chance to make it all over a58.Think of y59as the carpenter. Think about your life. Build it wisely. It is the only life you will ever build. Life is a do-it-yourself project.Your life today is the r60of your attitudes and choices(选择) you made in thepast.Your life tomorrow will be that of your attitudes and choices you make today.51. 52. 53. 54. 55.56. 57. 58. 59. 60.七、书面表达(20分)大家都知道早餐很重要,你早餐吃什么呢?你会做鸡蛋煎饼(egg pancakes)吗?你能给英国留学生介绍一下如何制作鸡蛋煎饼吗?提示:1.食材:两杯牛奶,四个鸡蛋,一茶匙盐(salt),一些面粉(flour),一茶匙油(oil)。

Module 4过关检测时间:60分钟满分:100分一、单项填空(每小题1分,共10分)1.— will they go to Shanghai next week?—They will take a train there.A. WhenB. WhoC. HowD. Why2. you travel,your life experience will be.A. The less; the moreB. The more; the lessC. The more; the richerD. The less; the richer3.—Don't use the car for short .—I agree. We can travel in greener ways.A. seasonsB. sportsC. gamesD. journeys4.She often goes to school a bike, but sometimes she goes bus.A. by; byB. on; onC. on; byD. by; on5.—How do you go to school?—My school is my house, so I go to school on foot.A. close toB. different fromC. famous forD. far from6.—There are so many people in the room. It's very . Let's go outside. —OK. Let's go.A. warmB. crowdedC. bigD. dark7.Cola is an unhealthy drink., many children still like drinking it.A. ButB. AsC. SoD. However8.—Do you know the price of the ticket?—Yes. Each ￥180.A. paysB. costsC. takesD. spends9.—Home is place wherever you go.—East or west, home is the best.A. warmB. warmerC. warmestD. the warmest10.—Oh, no! We've missed the 9 o'clock train!—. There's another one in half an hour.A. Don't worryB. Hurry upC. Give me a breakD. Don't mention it二、完形填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)I live in a town that trains go by, fast or slowly. Lots of people take trains tovisit their friends. I like11 by train.It is very comfortable and cheap.It goes very fast.It's about 350 kilometres per hour.First you have to buy a ticket.Then youmust wait12 the waiting room.When the train 13,you can go with your ticket.Usually there are a lot of people on the train.You can play 14 and play chess,but you can't smoke because it is not15 for the other people.You can also read books or talk with your friends or the other people.But you can't talk 16.I like watchingout of the window and enjoying the mountains, trees and rivers. Besides, you may see some 17 working in the fields.You can eat something on the train such as rice,eggs, noodles,18 you can't throw your things here and there.You must put 19 in abag.The workers on the train are very20.They will help you if you have any problems.11.A. driving B. travellingC. flyingD. walking12.A. in B. onC. nearD. for13.A. goes B. arrivesC. callsD. works14.A. football B. basketballC. waterD. cards15.A. bad B. goodC. easyD. popular16.A. loudly B. clearlyC. quicklyD. slowly17.A. doctors B. teachersC. policemenD. farmers18.A. and B. butC. orD. so19.A. it B. herC. themD. his20.A. careful B. friendlyC. happyD. lucky三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)ATravelling is very interesting. Many people love travelling.There are many ways to travel: by plane,by train,by ship or by car.Everyone has their favourite way.Greg: My favourite way of travelling is by car.I can bring my pet dog along.I cantravel three hundred miles or only fifty miles a day.I can stop at a good restaurant to enjoy a good meal or at a hotel to spend the night.Eliza:I love travelling by train best.It's very exciting.I travelled most of Europein 5 months by train.It's the best way to talk with the local people and make new friends on the way.Trains make even the longest trip enjoyable and the train ride to me is just like a big moving party. I also like travelling by ship. It is a great way to spend aholiday. I can go to parties,watch movies on the ship,and enjoy the blue sky and water.Danny: Travelling by plane is my favourite. It's the fastest way. I can quickly getto another country. Planes have very comfortable seats. I can have something to drink and eat.I can also read some free magazines and newspapers.21.How many ways of travelling are mentioned in the passage?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.D. Six.22.Greg loves travelling best.A. by shipB. by carC. by trainD. by plane23.What does Eliza think of travelling by train?A. Comfortable.B. Slow.C. Boring.D. Exciting.24.Danny likes travelling by plane because.A. it's the fastest wayB. he can make new friendsC. he likes planes very muchD. he likes the blue sky25.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Danny often sleeps when travelling.B. Eliza travelled most of Europe by ship.C. Eliza thinks the car ride is like a moving party.D. Greg likes to bring his pet dog along when travelling.BI am Mike Smith,a doctor from London. I really feel that life in China is changing so quickly. Recently(最近)I had a business trip to Tianjin. I left my Beijing apartment and walked half a street to the subway station. About twelve stops later,I reached the high-speed rail station. After two minutes of security(安检),I picked up my ticket,which I had bought on my phone while on the subway. Then I walked to the terminal(终点) andgot on the train. Twenty-eight minutes later I was in the center of a beautiful city —Tianjin. I could enjoy a nice walk along the riverside towards my hotel. It is amazingthat the whole experience(经历)took no more than a few hours,with no cars,no airports, no credit cards(信用卡) and no long lines, just my smart phone, only a few US dollars and comfortable walking shoes. In most places in the developed world, there is no experience like this. But China is different.So in my opinion, if we think highly of China's modern wonders, I believe its high-speed rail system must be one of them. And it's one symbol(象征) of a new China and a sign of China's strength(实力) as well.26.Mike Smith is from .A. AmericaB. the UKC. AustraliaD. Canada27.Mike bought his ticket to Tianjin.A. on his phoneB. from the high-speed rail ticket officeC. from the subway ticket officeD. with the help of his friend28.How many traffic tools did Mike use from his apartment to his hotel in Tianjin?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.29.According to the passage, which of the following isn't Mike's ideas about his trip?A. Comfortable.B. Fast.C. Cheap.D. Boring.30.What is Mike's attitude(态度) to Chinese high-speed rail train?A. He looks down upon it.B. He dislikes it.C. He thinks highly of it.D. He hates it.CIf you want to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But starting this month, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway will shorten thistravel time to three hours.The 643-kilometer line is China's first high-speed railway to run through the Qinling Mountains, which form a natural boundary (分界线)between China's north and south. With a speed of 250 km per hour, it's also the first mountain-heavy train line to provide a(提供) 4G network.Along the way,the train passes through some areas for rare(稀有的)wild animals like pandas and crested ibises(朱鹮).To reduce the railway's influence(影响) on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly,China Daily reported.In September,there were 345 wild pandas living in the Qinling Mountains. China now has 1,864 wild pandas in total, according to the Xinhua News Agency.To avoid disturbing(打扰) the pandas, the railway was designed to run through tunnels(隧道)within the area. Protective shields(防护屏)are placed near the entrance(入口) of each tunnel to stop animals from going in.To avoid hurting the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up along the tracks(铁轨) to make sure the birds will notfly into a train.The nets are about 32 km long and 4 meters high. Experts tested different shapes and materials for building the nets before making their final choice. (A report in December, 2017)31.From this month,it will take to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by the high-speedtrain.A. 16 hoursB. 13 hoursC. 6 hoursD. 3 hours32.Which of the following is TRUE about the new Xi'an-Chengdu railway?A. It is China's first high-speed railway.B. It runs through the Qinling Mountains.C. It is the first mountain-heavy train line.D. It is the first train line with a 4G network.33.Why was the railway designed and built to be environmentally friendly?A. To save money and energy.B. To avoid harming wild animals.C. To avoid damaging the mountains.D. To help the train run through tunnels quietly.34.What are experts using to stop animals from going into the tunnels?A. Entrances.B. Tracks.C. Protective shields.D. Protective nets.35.This news about the new railway is reported by .A. China DailyB. the Xinhua News AgencyC. the 4G networkD. CCTV四、从方框中选择最佳选项补全对话(有两项多余)(每小题1分,共5分)A: How does your friend Jack go to school every day, David?B:36A: It's the most popular way now. Lots of students in my class ride to school, too. B:37A: No, my home is far from school, so I take a bus.B: How long does it take you to go to school by bus?A:38What about you?B: My home is much farther than yours, so I take the underground. It takes me about half an hour.A:39B: Yes, there are. Sometimes I don't feel comfortable with so many people on it. A:40B: It is the most comfortable way, but it's too expensive for me.A: Yes, I think so.五、任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)The train made a lot of noise as it came to a stop at the station. Martha waited for a while until her father held her hand. They walked onto the train together. Her mother and brother walked behind them.This was the first train ride for Martha and her brother Brian. They would take the train to visit their grandparents. They usually went there by car. But today, Mum andDad wanted to try a different way.They walked to the middle of the train. They found some seats and sat down. A few minutes later, the train began to move.Martha and Brian felt a little nervous,but their parents said they would enjoy theride. Dad said he liked the train ride because he didn't need to drive all the time. Mum added that she could talk to her two children face to face instead of turning around.When the children heard their parents' words, they felt relaxed."The train isn't as noisy as I thought it would be," said Martha, "and I can stand up and walk around. I believe I can see everything through the windows.""The train really goes fast," said Brian, "I like that best of all. If we get on the train in the morning, we can see grandparents before lunch. I can't wait to enjoy their apple pie!"根据短文内容回答下列问题41.According to the passage, who got on the train first?42.How did Martha and Brian usually go to visit their grandparents?43.How did Martha and Brian feel when the train began to move?44.Why did Dad like the train ride?45.What does the underlined word "that" refer to(指代)?六、根据短文内容及所给提示,在空白处填上适当的单词补全短文(每小题1分,共10分)In China, you can travel to all corners of this big country by bus or train. It's surprising what China has done in the past ten 46(year)in terms of train travel— it now has the 47(big) high-speed railway network in 48 world. The high-speed trains are great, and a l49 train journey in China is a greatway to see the country.China is a huge, fascinating(迷人的) country with so much to see. 50 a student, I love traveling 51 my parents, from big cities to seaside hot spots(地点), to high mountains, to national parks, to historical sites and to s52 villages far away. 53(get) out of your comfortable home here to some unknown places is a good experience as well. And you can eat local food, and 54(real) reach the heart of the country.I always love traveling outside of Yibin to see our 55(beauty) country —China.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.七、书面表达(20分)Mary准备周日去伦敦旅行。

高中数学专题复习《平面解析几何初步直线圆的方程等》单元过关检测经典荟萃，匠心巨制！独家原创，欢迎下载！注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 评卷人得分一、选择题1．1 ．（2020年普通高等学校招生统一考试辽宁数学（理）试题（WORD 版））使得()13nx n N nx x +⎛⎫+∈ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中含有常数项的最小的为 （ ）A ．4B ．5C ．6D ．72．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线3450x y +-=与圆224x y +=相交于A 、B 两点,则弦AB 的长等于（ ） A ．33B ．23C ．3D ．1（2020广东文）(解析几何)3．已知直线x=a （a>0）和圆（x －1）2+y 2=4相切，那么a 的值是（ ） A ．5 B ．4C ．3D ．2（2020全国文3）4．设R n m ∈,，若直线02)1()1(=-+++y n x m 与圆1)1()1(22=-+-y x 相切，则m+n 的取值范围是（A ）]31,31[+- （B ）),31[]31,(+∞+⋃--∞（C ）]222,222[+- （D ）),222[]222,(+∞+⋃--∞5．下列说法正确的是 ． [答]( ) (1)若直线l 的倾斜角为α，则0απ≤<；(2)若直线l 的一个方向向量为(,)d u v =，则直线l 的斜率v k u=； (3)若直线l 的方程为220(0)ax by c a b ++=+≠，则直线l 的一个法向量为(,)n a b =．A .(1)(2) B. (1)(3) C.(2)(3) D.(1)(2)(3)6．直线1:2l y k x ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭与圆22:1C x y +=的位置关系为（ ）． Ａ．相交或相切 Ｂ．相交或相离 Ｃ．相切 Ｄ．相交7．圆x 2＋y 2＋2x ＋6y ＋9＝0与圆x 2＋y 2－6x ＋2y ＋1＝0的位置关系是 （ ）A ．相交B ．相外切C ．相离D ．相内切8．圆224460x y x y +-++=截直线50x y --=所得弦长为（ ） Ａ、6 Ｂ、522Ｃ、１ Ｄ、５9．已知点(1,2),(3,1)A B ，则线段AB 的垂直平分线的方程是（ ） A 、425x y += B 、425x y -= C 、25x y += D 、25x y -=10． 直线l 过点（-1，2）且与直线垂直，则l 的方程是 A ．3210x y +-= B.3270x y ++=C. 2350x y -+=D.2380x y -+=第II 卷（非选择题）请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明评卷人得分二、填空题11．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知圆C 与x 轴交于A (1,0)，B (3,0)两点，且与直线x －y －3＝0相切，则圆C 的半径为 ▲ ． 解析：可设圆心为(2，b )，半径r ＝b 2＋1，则|－1－b |2＝b 2＋1，解得b ＝1．故r ＝2．12． 已知从点(2,1)-发出的一束光线，经x 轴反射后,反射光线恰好平分 圆:222210x y x y +--+=的圆周,则反射光线所在的直线方程为 13．圆2240x y x +-=在点(1,3)P 处的切线方程为 ▲ ．14．如果直线210mx y ++=与20x y +-=互相垂直，那么实数m ＝ ▲ ．15．两圆221:2220C x y x y +++-=与222:4210C x y x y +--+=的公切线有且仅有_____条。

高中数学专题复习《平面解析几何三角形、圆相关》单元过关检测经典荟萃，匠心巨制！独家原创，欢迎下载！注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 评卷人得分一、填空题1．如图,在ABC 中,090C ∠=, 060,20A AB ∠==,过C 作ABC 的外接圆的切线CD ,BD CD ⊥,BD 与外接圆交于点E ,则DE 的长为__________（汇编年普通高等学校招生统一考试重庆数学（理）试题（含答案））2．如图3，圆O 的半径为5cm ，点P 是弦AB 的中点，3OP =cm ，弦CD 过点P ，且13CP CD =，则CD 的长为 cm ．（几何证明选讲选做题）评卷人得分二、解答题3．选修4—1 几何证明选讲P OAB C D图3如图，已知⊙O 的半径为1，MN 是⊙O 的直径，过M 点作⊙O 的切线AM ，C 是AM 的中点，AN 交⊙O 于B 点，若四边形BCON 是平行四边形.求AM 的长；4．如图，圆1O 与圆2O 内切于点A ，其半径分别为1r 与212()r r r >， 圆1O 的弦AB 交圆2O 于点C （1O 不在AB 上）， 求证：:AB AC 为定值。

证明：由弦切角定理可得11212,O B r AB AO CAO B AC O C r∴== 5．过圆O 外一点A 作圆O 的两条切线AT 、AS ，切点分别为T 、S ，过点A 作圆O 的割线APN ，证明：22AT PT PSAN NT NS=．[来源:学科网ZXXK] (汇编年3月苏、锡、常、镇四市高三数学教学情况调查一) 证明：AT 是圆O 的切线，∠ATP =∠ANT ,又∠TAP =∠NAT ,∴三角形ATP 与三角形ANT ，∴AT PT AN TN =同理AS PSAN NS= 两等式相乘222,AT AS PT PSAT PT PS AT AS AN NT NSAN NT NS∙∙∙==∴=∙∙. 6．已知：如图，在△ABC 中，∠ABC ＝90°，O 是AB 上一点，以O 为圆心，OB 为半径的圆与AB 交于点E，与21-A 第图AC 切于点D ，连结DB 、DE 、OC 。

2024年新高二数学提升精品讲义圆的标准方程（原卷版）模块一思维导图串知识模块二基础知识全梳理（吃透教材）模块三核心考点举一反三模块四小试牛刀过关测1．会用定义推导圆的标准方程，并掌握圆的标准方程的特征；2．能根据所给条件求圆的标准方程；3．掌握点与圆的位置关系并能解决相关问题.知识点1圆的定义平面内到定点的距离等于定长的点的集合叫做圆．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，⊙A 的圆心A 的坐标为(,)a b ，半径为r ，(,)M x y 为圆上任意一点，⊙A 就是集合{}P M MA r ==．定义中，定点指的是圆心，定长指的是圆的半径．知识点2圆的标准方程1、圆的标准方程：我们把()()222-+-=x a y b r 称为圆心为(),A a b ，半径长为r 的圆的标准方程．【注意】（1）所谓标准方程，是指方程的形式．圆的标准方程体现了圆的集合性质，突出了圆的几何意义：圆心位置和半径．（2）圆的标准方程的右端20r >，当方程右端小于或等于0时，对应方程不是圆的标准方程．2、圆的标准方程的推导过程（1）建系设点：建立坐标系时，原点在圆心是特殊情况，就一般情况来说，因为A 是定点，设(),A a b ，半径为r ，且设圆上任意一点M 的坐标为(,)x y ．（2）写点集：根据定义，圆就是集合{}P M MA r ==．（3r =．（4）化简方程：将上式两边平方得222()()x a y b r -+-=．3、几种特殊位置的圆的标准方程知识点3点与圆的位置关系1、几何法：点()00,M x y ，圆心(),A a b ，圆的半径r ，设M 与点A 间的距离MA d =，d r >⇔点M 在圆A 外；d r <⇔点M 在圆A 内；d r =⇔点M 在圆A 上．2、代数法：将点()00,M x y 直接代入圆的标准方程()()222-+-=x a y b r 进行判断，即若点()00,M x y 在圆外，则()()22200->+-x a y b r ；若点()00,M x y 在圆内，则()()22200x a y b r +-<-；若点()00,M x y 在圆上，则()()22200x a y b r +-=-．知识点4圆上的点到定点的最大、最小距离设圆心A 到定点C 的距离为d ，圆的半径为r ，圆上的动点为点P ．（1）若点C 在圆外时，max PC d r =+，min PC d r =-；（2）若点C 在圆上时，max 2PC r =，min 0PC =；（2）若点C 在圆内时，max PC d r =+，min PC r d =-．综上：max PC d r =+，min PC d r =-．考点一：求圆的标准方程例1．（23-24高二上·安徽马鞍山·月考）已知圆的圆心在(3,4)-，半径为5，则它的方程为（）A ．()()22345x y -+-=B ．()()223425x y +++=C ．22(3)(4)25x y ++-=D ．()()22345x y ++-=【变式1-1】（23-24高二上·山西太原·期末）已知圆C 的一条直径的两个端点坐标分别为()4,1-，()2,3，则圆C 的方程是.【变式1-2】（22-23高二上·广东东莞·期中）求经过点(2,0),(2,2)--且圆心在直线:0l x y +=上的圆的标准方程为.【变式1-3】（23-24高二下·云南玉溪·期中）过三点()()()120,01,33,1O M M ---､､的圆的标准方程是.考点二：点与圆的位置关系例2.（23-24高二上·安徽亳州·月考）（多选）已知()14,9P ，()26,3P 两点，以线段12PP为直径的圆为圆P ，则（）A ．()6,9M 在圆P 上B ．()3,3N 在圆P 内C ．()5,3Q 在圆P 内D ．()2,7R 在圆P 外【变式2-1】（23-24高二上·江苏·专题练习）已知点(,10)P a ，圆的标准方程为()()221112x y -+-=，则点P （）A ．在圆内B ．在圆上C ．在圆外D ．与a 的取值有关【变式2-2】（23-24高二上·重庆·期中）若点(),3A a 在圆()22:15C x y +-=外，则实数a 的取值范围是（）A ．(),1-∞-B ．(),1-∞C ．()(),11,-∞-⋃+∞D ．()1,1-【变式2-3】（23-24高二上·广西·期末）已知两直线2y x k =+与y x =-的交点在圆228x y +=的内部，则实数k 的取值范围是（）A ．11k -<<B ．2<<2k -C ．33k -<<D ．k <考点三：与圆有关的最值问题例3.（23-24高二上·湖北·期中）已知半径为2的圆经过点()3,4，则其圆心到原点的距离的最大值为（）A ．4B ．5C ．6D ．7【变式3-1】（23-24高二上·浙江湖州·月考）若实数x y ，满足221x y +=，则()()2234x y -+-的最大值是（）A ．5B ．6C ．25D ．36【变式3-2】（23-24高二上·上海·期末）已知P 为圆22(3)(4)4x y -+-=上一点，Q 为圆221x y +=上一点，则点Q 到点P 的距离的最大值为.【变式3-3】（23-24高二上·天津武清·月考）已知圆C :()()22124x y ++-=，点()2,0A -，()2,0B .设P 是圆C 上的动点，令22d PA PB =+，则d 的最小值为．考点四：与圆有关的对称问题例4.（23-24高二上·河南周口·期末）若曲线()()22124x y -+-=上相异两点P 、Q 关于直线20kx y --=对称，则k 的值为（）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4【变式4-1】（23-24高二上·云南昆明·月考）已知圆()()22124x y +++=关于直线10ax by ++=（0a >，0b >）对称，则12a b+的最小值为（）A ．52B ．9C ．4D ．8【变式4-2】（23-24高二上·河北·期中）已知圆M ：()2211x y ++=与圆N ：()()22231x y -+-=关于直线l 对称，则l 的方程为（）A ．210x y --=B ．210x y -+=C ．230x y +-=D ．230x y +-=【变式4-3】（23-24高二上·四川成都·期末）圆()()22:112C x y -+-=关于直线:1l y x =-对称后的方程为（）A ．()2222x y -+=B ．()2222x y ++=C ．()2222x y +-=D ．()2212x y ++=一、单选题1．（23-24高二上·广东湛江·期中）在平面直角坐标系中，圆心为()1,0，半径为2的圆的方程是（）A ．()2212x y -+=B ．()2212x y ++=C ．()2214x y -+=D ．()2214x y ++=2．（23-24高二上·河南开封·期末）已知圆M 经过点()()0,20,4,，且圆心M 在直线210x y --=上，则圆M 的面积为（）A ．2πB 5πC ．4πD ．5π3．（23-24高二上·安徽黄山·期末）圆22:(2)(1)1M x y -+-=与圆N 关于直线0x y -=对称，则圆N 的方程为（）A ．22(1)(2)1x y +++=B ．22(2)(1)1x y -++=C ．22(2)(1)1x y +++=D ．22(1)(2)1x y -+-=4．（23-24高二上·广东惠州·期中）点(,3)P m 与圆()()22212x y -+-=的位置关系为（）A ．点在圆外B ．点在圆内C ．点在圆上D ．与m 的值无关5．（2023高二上·全国·专题练习）点(1,1)--在圆22()()4x a y a ++-=的内部，则a 的取值范围是（）A ．11a -<<B ．01a <<C ．1a <-或1a >D ．1a =±6．（23-24高二上·浙江温州·期中）已知半径为2的圆经过点()3,4，则其圆心到原点的距离最小值为（）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4二、多选题7．（23-24高二上·四川宜宾·期末）已知圆C 经过点()0,0A 、()2,0B ，ABC 为直角三角形，则圆C 的方程为（）A ．()()22114x y -+-=B ．()()22112x y -++=C ．()()22112x y -+-=D ．()()22125x y -+-=8．（23-24高二上·重庆九龙坡·月考）若有一组圆k C ：()()()224R x k y k k -+-=∈，下列命题正确的是（）A ．所有圆k C 的半径均为2B ．所有的圆kC 的圆心恒在直线y x =上C ．当2k =时，点()3,0在圆k C 上D ．经过点()2,2的圆k C 有且只有一个三、填空题9．（23-24高二上·贵州毕节·期末）与圆222430x y x y +-++=有相同圆心，且过点()4,2-的圆的标准方程是.10．（22-23高二下·四川凉山·月考）若圆221:(1)9C x y -+=和圆222:(3)(2)9C x y +++=关于直线l 对称，则直线l 的方程是11．（23-24高二上·全国·专题练习）已知,x y 满足22(1)(2)16x y -+-=，则22x y +的取值范围是.四、解答题12．（23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）已知A 关于直线y x =对称，点()0,0O ，()4,0N 都在A 上.(1)求线段ON 垂直平分线的方程；(2)求A 的标准方程13．（23-24高二上·山东济南·期末）已知圆心为C 的圆经过()0,0O ，(0,A 两点，且圆心C 在直线:l y =上．(1)求圆C 的标准方程；(2)点P 在圆C 上运动，求22PO PA +的取值范围．。

4．《逻辑推理》专题过关检测卷A卷（50分）一、填空题（每题3分，共30分）1．甲、乙、丙三人进行跑步比赛。

A，B，C三人对比赛结果进行预测。

A说：“甲肯定是第一名。

”B说：“甲不是最后一名。

”C说：“甲肯定不是第一名。

”其中只有一人对比赛结果的预测是对的。

预测对的是_____。

2．A，B，C，D，E和F六人在一圆桌边坐下。

B是坐在A右边的第二人；C是坐在F右边的第二人；D坐在E的正对面，还有F和E不相邻。

那么，坐在A和B之间的是_____。

3．甲、乙、丙、丁与小明五位同学进入象棋决赛。

每两人都要比赛一盘，每胜一盘得2分，和一盘得1分，输一盘得0分。

到现在为止，甲赛了4盘，共得了2分；乙赛了3盘，得了4分；丙赛了2盘，得了1分；丁赛了1盘，得了2分。

那么小明现在已赛了____盘，得了____分。

4．曹、钱、刘、洪四个人出差，住在同一个招待所。

一天下午，他们分别要找一个单位去办事。

甲单位星期一不接待，乙单位星期二不接待，丙单位星期四不接待，丁单位只在星期一、三、五接待，星期日四个单位都不接待。

曹：“两天前，我去误了一次，今天再去一次，还可以与老洪同走一条路。

”钱：“今天我一定得去，要不明天人家就不接待了。

”刘：“这星期的前几天和今天我去都能办事。

”洪：“我今天和明天去，对方都接待。

”那么，这一天是星期____，刘要去____单位，钱要去____单位，曹要去____单位，洪要去____单位。

5．四位外国朋友住在十八层高的饭店里，他们分别来自埃及、法国、朝鲜和墨西哥。

(1)A住的层数比C住的层数高，但比D住的层数低；(2)B住的层数比朝鲜人住的层数低；(3)D住的层数恰好是法国人住的层数的5倍；(4)如果埃及人住的层数增加2层，他与朝鲜人相隔的层数，恰好和他与墨西哥人相隔的层数一样；(5)埃及人住的层数是法国人和朝鲜人住的层数的和。

根据上述情况，请你确定A是____人，住在____层；B是____人，住在____层；C是____人，住在____层；D是____人，住在____层。

2023-2024学年人教版高中政治单元测试学校 __________ 班级 __________ 姓名 __________ 考号 __________注意事项1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;一、选择题（本大题共计9小题每题3分共计27分）1.创造性思维是以新颖独创的方法解决问题的思维过程下图以鸡蛋加工的两种方式为例类比一种创造性思维模式比较两图可见“新加工方式”的新颖独创表现在（）A. 引起鸡蛋性质的变化B. 全盘否定原有加工方式C. 创造出新的加工程序D. 把握煮熟生鸡蛋的必要条件【答案】C【解析】A不合题意“新”、“旧”两种加工方式的变化不会引起鸡蛋的性质发生改变B不合题意“新”方式继承了“旧”方式的合理成分C符合题意“新加工方式”是在“旧加工方式”基础上创造出的一种新的加工方式D不合题意两种加工方式都把握煮熟生鸡蛋的必要条件这不是“新加工方式”的新颖独创之处故选C2.霍金说“一群金鱼在鱼缸里它们看到的和我们所处的哪个更真实？在金鱼的世界里由于光在进入水时发生了折射在我们看来的直线运动在金鱼眼中就是曲线运动如果金鱼够聪明总结出一套物理学规律虽然这规律在我们看来根本是胡说但是问题来了我们怎么知道我们不在一个更大的金龟缸里呢？”这表明（）①认识具有反复性缘于事物的不确定性②逆向思维有利于克服定势思维的误区③世界的复杂性寓于联系的多样性之中④认识和发现真理必须要经过换位思考A. ①④B. ②③C. ①③D. ②④【答案】B【解析】①表述错误认识具有反复性缘于事物的复杂性和多样性②③符合题意“如果金鱼够聪明总结出一套物理学规律虽然这规律在我们看来根本是胡说但是问题来了我们怎么知道我们不在一个更大的金龟缸里呢？”这说明逆向思维有利于克服定势思维的误区世界的复杂性寓于联系的多样性之中④表述错误在实践中认识和发现真理故选B3.西方节日和中国传统节日你怎么看？阅读漫画我们对这一“PK”的立场是（）A. 保护中国传统文化必须摒弃外来文化B. 中外文化交流应不分主次、相互借鉴C. 在交流中应吸收所有外来文化的成果D. 要把握好民族文化与外来文化的关系【答案】D【解析】A错误保护中国传统文化的同时要吸收外来文化的优秀成果B错误中外文化交流应以我为主为我所用C错误在交流中应吸收外来文化的优秀成果D符合题意西方节日和中国传统节日的“PK” 我们对这一“PK”的立场是要把握好民族文化与外来文化的关系4.传统的教学方式往往是教师主宰课堂系统讲授学生被动接受课后做题而近年来源自美国、风靡全球的翻转课堂教学模式突破了传统方式教师课前录制一段微课视频上传云服务器学生先学视频并完成练习把学习中的问题反馈给老师课堂上教师不再面面俱到讲授主要聚焦解决问题师生互动探究使教学方式发生根本改变(l)下列典故中与翻转课堂运用的思维方法相似的是________A. 揠苗助长B. 守株待兔C. 司马光砸缸D. 纸上谈兵(2)依据材料运用思维创新的知识说明翻转课堂如何实现教学方式的根本转变？【答案】C【解析】(1)C(2)①运用逆向思维从传统教学方式的事物原理、功能结构等的反面去思考求索产生创新性的结果．②实现思维创新具有思路的多向性过程的跨越性结果的独特性．能够打破传统方式产生新见解、新做法．（考生若从其它方面回答言之有理的可酌情给分）5.对如图中的漫画所反映的现象认识正确的是（）①做工作既要有实际内容又要有完美的形式②工作留痕善于宣传是取得业绩的重要前提③形式主义危害党风政风影响社会主义事业④应坚决整治形式主义密切党群、干群关系A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④【答案】D【解析】①错误漫画正是讽刺形式主义而不是做工作既要有实际内容又要有完美的形式②错误努力踏实工作是取得业绩的重要前提③④正确漫画抗疫工作“表格任务重如山”、“聚集动员喊口号”、“作秀留痕走过场”警示形式主义危害党风政风影响社会主义事业应坚决整治形式主义密切党群、干群关系6.如图漫画“形象工程”启示我们要（）A. 解放思想敢于创新B. 抓住时机促成飞跃C. 实事求是求真务实D. 与时俱进敢想敢做【答案】C【解析】A不符合题意题干并没有体现解放思想和创新的要求故排除B不符合题意题干并没有体现抓住时机促成飞跃的要求故排除C符合题意且正确漫画中用现代化大都市的图画掩藏背后破败的真相这要求我们做事情要支持实事求是求真务实故当选D不符合题意题干并没有体现与时俱进敢想敢做的要求故排除故选C7.习近平总书记曾在讲话中引用古语“禁微则易救末者难”对作风方面存在问题的党员、干部进行教育提醒下列与“禁微则易救末者难”所蕴含哲理相似的是（）①轻者重之端小者大之源②一着不慎满盘皆输③一叶知秋见微知著④凿井者起于三寸之坎以就万仞之深A. ①②B. ②③C. ②④D. ①④【答案】D【解析】“禁微则易救末者难”是指小节易制大错难救任何事物都有一个形成、发展、终止的过程从事情的量变开始阶段就入手矫正才不会酿成不可救药的质变后果来强调要重视量的积累①符合题意轻者重之端小者大之源意思是说严重的事是以轻微的事为开端的忽视小处会酿成大祸要重视量的积累②不合题意一着不慎满盘皆输强调关键部分对整体的影响③不合题意一叶知秋见微知著说明矛盾的普遍性与特殊性辩证统一的要善于从事物的个性中概括出事物的共性而没有涉及重视量的积累④符合题意凿井者起于三寸之坎以就万仞之深意思是凿井的人要挖极深的井应该从挖小的土坑开始其中深意为从极细微的积累开始只要坚持不懈必然成就事业强调的是要坚持量的积累以达到质变故选D8.我国中央芭蕾舞团用芭蕾舞这种国际性语言讲述中国故事、传播中国文化成功地跳出国门赢得国际声誉中央芭蕾舞团的成功启示我们在文化交流中需要（）①全面吸收各国的文化成果②努力找到中外文化的共通之处③认同和固守中华传统文化④树立高度的文化自信和文化自觉A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D. ③④【答案】C【解析】①说法错误我们吸收的是各国的优秀文化成果而不是一切文化成果②④符合题意我国中央芭蕾舞团用芭蕾舞这种国际性语言讲述中国故事、传播中国文化成功地跳出国门赢得国际声誉这说明在文化交流中需要树立高度的文化自信和文化自觉并努力找到中外文化的共通之处③说法错误传统文化有精华也有糟粕不能固守传统文化9.制度牌、荣誉牌、宣传牌……一些村委会经常悬挂着几十块甚至上百块的牌子常州市在“不忘初心、牢记使命”的主题教育中以清理规范“牌子乱象”为切入点整治形式主义彰显教育成果此举意义在于（）A. 完善公民行使民主权利的制度B. 保障基层群众自我教育和管理C. 促进村民监督基层政府的工作D. 扎实工作作风改善基层治理【答案】D【解析】A不合题意整治形式主义不是完善公民行使民主权利的制度B不合题意清理规范“牌子乱象” 整治形式主义不是保障基层群众自我教育和管理C不合题意材料不是强调促进村民监督基层政府的工作D正确常州市在“不忘初心、牢记使命主题教育中以清理规范“牌子乱象”为切入点整治形式主义彰显教育成果此举有利于扎实工作作风改善基层治理二、简答题（本大题共计1小题每题10分共计10分）10.（1）关于“辩证法”的思维导图体现的思维方式是________A．发散思维 B．想象思维 C．聚合思维 D．直觉思维10.（2）请列出上题中你所选思维方式的具体技法【答案】（1）A【解析】（1）A【答案】（2）①不同的人有不同的思维风格也有不同的思维发散方法与诀窍．②适合于个体思维的主要有检核表法、列举法、信息交合法等．③对于群体思维而言主要有头脑风暴法或称集思广益法．【解析】（2）①不同的人有不同的思维风格也有不同的思维发散方法与诀窍．②适合于个体思维的主要有检核表法、列举法、信息交合法等．③对于群体思维而言主要有头脑风暴法或称集思广益法．三、材料分析题（本大题共计10小题每题15分共计150分）11.（1）弘扬张謇精神对当代民营企业家具有重要的典范意义结合材料运用价值观的知识对此加以说明11.（2）结合材料运用文化生活知识说明新时代我们应该如何弘扬张謇精神11.（3）鉴往知来某学校组织开展学习“张謇精神”活动请你为该活动设计两个方案【答案】①人们的价值选择是在价值判断的基础上作出的价值观具有重要的导向作用②爱国、敬业、奉献是张謇精神的重要内涵自觉站在最广大人民的立场上努力造福人民③能为当代民营企业家提供精神动力激励他们积极承担社会责任、社会进步紧密结合起来【解析】【答案】①文化在继承中发展在发展中继承继承和发扬张謇精神中的爱国情怀和奋斗精神积极承担社会责任②把张謇精神融入新时代中国特色社会主义伟大事业不断赋予张謇精神以新的时代内涵③坚持弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神勇于创新推动我国经济社会发展言之有理可酌情给分）【解析】【答案】答案示例方案一举办“追寻张謇足迹”的张謇事迹展览方案二组织“继承先贤遗志学习张謇精神”演讲比赛【解析】12.2018年8月15日“为祖国喝彩向时代致敬”暨《厉害了我的国》纪念珍藏套装新品发布会在北京成功召开发布活动围绕大型记录电影《厉害了我的国》的宏大主题为新时代中国所取得的辉煌成就点赞大型纪录电影《厉害了我的国》介绍了我国“新四大发明”等新科技反映了党的十八大以来我国社会主义的伟大实践成就展现了过去五年中国桥、中国路、中国车、中国港等创造性成就这部影片让观众真切地感受到了一个创新强国、研发强国、责任强国更让观众深刻地意识到身处一个伟大的新时代要像片中的中国梦创造者那样坚决成为这个时代中一名坚定的奋斗着和奉献者作为中国首部大型“创作众筹”纪录片策划之初中央电视台财经频道在2017年9月联合多家网络征集平台向全国观众发出邀请讲自己的故事看中国的变化”以内容众筹的方式让全国百姓参与拍摄创作全民“众筹” 为纪录片提供了鲜活接地气的拍摄线索和素材打开了创作思路影片在彰显国家实力的同时也体现了国人们不畏艰险、埋头苦干、开拓进取的美好情操人民生活的安宁与兴旺离不开国家的繁荣富强国家每一项重大成就的取得也都是凝聚力全国人民的磅礴力量《厉害了我的国》很“厉害” 运用文化生活知识指出其“厉害”之处【答案】【解析】13.（1）从科学思维角度看这种特殊的思维活动称之为________A．类比 B．直觉 C．演绎13.（2）结合材料简要说明这种思维活动所具有的特征【答案】（1）B【解析】（1）B【答案】（2）①直觉具有敏捷性．上述情景中思维过程都是瞬间完成的难以完整描述．②直觉具有总体性．上述情景中直觉都是对认识对象整体的觉察．③直觉具有猜测性．上述情景中直觉得出的结论并不一定可靠还需进行理论论证或实践检验．【解析】（2）①直觉具有敏捷性．上述情景中思维过程都是瞬间完成的难以完整描述．②直觉具有总体性．上述情景中直觉都是对认识对象整体的觉察．③直觉具有猜测性．上述情景中直觉得出的结论并不一定可靠还需进行理论论证或实践检验．14.（1）对圆珠笔提出数十种缺点这种发散思维方式采用的技法是________A．列举法 B．检核表法 C．信息交合法14.（2）结合材料说明发散思维有助于思维创新【答案】（1）A【解析】（1）A【答案】（2）①对这种笔提出多种缺点有助于发现新问题②对克服这种笔的缺点提出建议能对解决问题提供新设想．【解析】（2）①对这种笔提出多种缺点有助于发现新问题②对克服这种笔的缺点提出建议能对解决问题提供新设想．15.（1）由鱼儿离不开水联想到“以鱼养水”的思维方法属于________A．聚合思维 B．逆向思维 C．类比推理思维 D．正向思维15.（2）这一思维方法在材料中是如何体现的？【答案】（1）B【解析】（1）B【答案】（2）从水对鱼的重要性想到鱼改善水的作用体现对事物结构顺序的已有认识进行反向思考从藻类能消化氮、磷转化为投放以藻类为实物的鱼类体现对事物已有的因果关系认识作转换性思考．【解析】（2）从水对鱼的重要性想到鱼改善水的作用体现对事物结构顺序的已有认识进行反向思考从藻类能消化氮、磷转化为投放以藻类为实物的鱼类体现对事物已有的因果关系认识作转换性思考．16.（1）民法典立法是法律文化创新的典范运用文化生活知识对此加以说明16.（2）民法典的生命在于实施民法典的实施将是我国法治建设领域中的一件大事立法、执法、司法、普法等各环节都要参与其中作为新时代有担当的法治青年请就学校如何加强民法典普法教育提两条建议【答案】①立足于社会实践是文化创作的基本要求也是文化创新的根本途径体现了中国特色顺应时代发展的要求②文化创新要继承传统、推陈出新吸取了中华民族五千多年优秀法律文化的精华③文化创新要面向世界、博采众长并做到了以我为主④文化创新要关注人民群众的根本利益民法典立法坚持“人民至上”的理念、为社会主义服务反映了人民意愿【解析】【答案】①开设民法典专题知识讲座②开展民法典主题普法实践活动③开展民法典主题班会④开设民法典普法微信公众号【解析】17.中国古典园林因其独特的造园艺术被其他国家推崇目前已有40多座苏州园林先后落户海外漂洋过海传播中国魅力“异地落户”的苏州园林里水榭、亭台、拱桥、长廊等传统江南园林建筑元素应有尽有园林布局精巧韵味独特绿树掩映着亭台楼榭处处透出大自然的情趣同时建设者注重在园林中融入当地文化元素采用全钢结构引入纳米、碳纤维等技术提升园林的技术含量中国工匠秉持传统与现代、中国与外国、人工与自然和谐共处的理念打造了一个个园林精品使得苏州园林受到越来越多海外人士的青睐结合材料运用文化传承与创新的知识分析“异地落户”的苏州园林受到越来越多海外人士青睐的原因【答案】①文化既是民族的又是世界的苏州园林“异地落户”尊重世界文化的多样性加强了我国同世界各国的文化交流吸收各国优秀的文化成果以我为主为我所用体现了中国与外国相得益彰的理念②文化在继承的基础上发展在发展的过程中继承“异地落户”的苏州园林的建筑风格保持了鲜明的民族特色保留了传统江南园林建筑元素在继承传统建筑艺术的基础上推陈出新使现代与传统相得益彰③人民群众是文化创新的主体“异地落户”的苏州园林体现了建设者对传统园林艺术的创新蕴含着工匠独特的建造理念④科学技术是影响文化发展的重要因素建设者在园林建设过程中引入纳米碳纤维等技术提升园林的技术含量使园林更加宜居【解析】本题属于原因类主观题设问指向是分析“异地落户”的苏州园林受到越来越多的海外人士青睐的原因结合材料“中国古典园林其独特的造园艺术被其他国家推崇”“建设者注重在园林中融入当地文化元素”“中国工匠秉持传统与现代、中国与外国、人工与自然和谐共处的理念”等关键信息可从文化的多样性文化继承和文化发展的关系、影响文化发展的因素、文化创新等角度作答18.阅读材料完成列要求电视文艺节目发展已进人全新阶段对于电视文艺来说守正创新是永恒课题建设社会主义先进文化是重要使命涵育人心是精神境界营造节目极致之美则是艺术追求2019年10月5日开始在湖南卫视播出的《舞蹈风暴》成为爆款口碑持续发酵这是电视文艺节目创新的又一次突破也是一个新的标杆作为一档传播舞蹈艺术的匠心综艺《舞蹈风暴》的制作团队通过整合国内最顶尖行业资源运用新技术将多舞种汇聚对普世情感共鸣层面进行深挖让节目的艺术格局显得包容与宏大《舞蹈风暴》回应时代与大众审美诉求展现了不同文化的交融与互动有国内舞者与国外优秀舞者的深度合作更有文化的传承还有舞蹈对美的全新诠释、艺术评价甚至还有人生感悟节目把舞蹈做成了一种美好的叙事综艺形态由此有了创新镜头和舞台的延伸十分有张力真正地让电视节目成为艺术而非只是娱乐“风暴时刻”的引入让观众知道舞蹈除了流动的时间意义之外还可以成为定格的空间美学《舞蹈风暴》将舞者的高超艺术与现代技术紧密结合打造出了电视文艺节目创新的标杆运用文化生活知识说明其为什么能成为电视文艺节目创新的标杆【答案】①立足社会实践活动回应时代与大众审美诉求将民族性与时代性有效结合推动了舞蹈这一传统艺术的创造性发展;②尊重人民群众的主体地位和首创精神整合国内最顶尖行业资源通过舞蹈诠释美引导人们感悟人生⑧运用新技术通过镜头和舞台的延伸实现了舞者与观众的互动增强了艺术的吸引力、感染力:④传承传统文化重视发掘民族舞蹈的深刻文化内涵以此作为舞蹈创新的根基;⑤将多舞种汇聚展现不同文化的交融与互动吸收外来舞蹈文化的有益成果使之成为节目创新的重要基础【解析】19.世界著名作曲家莫扎特曾师从伟大的作曲家海顿有一次莫扎特写了一段邮子让海顿弹奏海顿弹奏了一会儿惊呼起来“这是什么曲子呀当两手分别在钢琴两端弹奏时怎么会有一个音符出现在键盘中间呢？看来任何人也无法弹奏这样的曲子”莫扎特接过乐谱弹奏遇到那个出现在键盘中间的音符时只见他俯下身用鼻子弹奏出来这一动作令海顿感慨不已上述材料反映了思维创新的什么特征？（要求写出两个特征）材料如何体现思维创新的这些特征？【答案】(1)思路具有多向性步骤具有跨越性结果具有独特性．(2)①莫扎特根据自己谱写的曲子弹奏无法用手弹出键盘中间的音符时用鼻子来弹奏体现了思维创新的思路具有多向性．②莫扎特不采用常规的方法凭借灵感用鼻子弹奏键盘中间的音符体现了思维创新的步骤具有跨越性．③莫扎特用鼻子弹奏键盘中间的音符产生的效果新出乎意料体现了思维创新的结果具有独特性．【解析】(1)思路具有多向性步骤具有跨越性结果具有独特性．(2)①莫扎特根据自己谱写的曲子弹奏无法用手弹出键盘中间的音符时用鼻子来弹奏体现了思维创新的思路具有多向性．②莫扎特不采用常规的方法凭借灵感用鼻子弹奏键盘中间的音符体现了思维创新的步骤具有跨越性．③莫扎特用鼻子弹奏键盘中间的音符产生的效果新出乎意料体现了思维创新的结果具有独特性．20.（1）各地就地过年措施维护了劳动者的哪些合法权利？20.（2）分析出台《网络交易监督管理办法》的积极影响【答案】（1）①劳动者有取得劳动报酬的权利上海市许多企业按国家规定为员工发放加班工资②劳动者有享受社会保险和福利的权利上海市许多企业为员工发放新年红包、过节安家费等福利③劳动者享有接受职业技能培训的权利北京市对春节期间就地过年的职工进行职业技能培训【解析】（1）本题要求回答各地就地过年措施维护了劳动者的哪些合法权利属于体现类解答题结合材料可从劳动者有取得劳动报酬的权利、享受社会保险和福利的权利、享有接受职业技能培训的权利的角度分析说明【答案】（2）①《办法》对网络交易的相关法律规定进行细化完善有利于规范网络交易行为为消费者提供良好的网络消费环境保护消费者合法权益②《办法》的出台可以维护网络交易市场公平竞争秩序促进社会主义市场经济健康发展增进社会整体福祉③可以促使电子商务经营者依法、诚信经营树立良好的信誉和形象有助于守法诚信的经营者扩大市场促进自身的效益提高和发展【解析】（2）本题要求分析出台《网络交易监督管理办法》的积极影响属于意义类解答题学生可从有利于规范网络交易行为为消费者提供良好的网络消费环境保护消费者合法权益促进社会主义市场经济健康发展促使电子商务经营者依法、诚信经营树立良好的信誉和形象等角度分析说明。

Unit 4过关检测时间:60分钟满分:100分一、单项填空(每小题1分,共10分)1.—My dream is to build university on the moon some day.—It sounds like unusual dream.I wish you could realize it.A. a; aB. an; aC. a; anD. an; an2.our surprise,he refused our invitation.A. WithB. InC. ToD. By3.Surprisingly, the old building still after the strong earthquake.A. refusedB. remainedC. requiredD. reviewed4.We don’t know the love of our parents we become parents ourselves one day.A. untilB. afterC. whenD. since5.I need money.Would you please lend me?A. a great deal; someB. a great deal of; someC. a great deal; anyD. a great deal of; any6.—Is your uncle in his ?—Yes.His birthday is coming next month.A. forty; forty-firstB. forties; forty-firstC. forties; forty-oneD. forty; forty-one7.Whenever I in my studies,my teacher encourages me to work harder.A. go onB. run awayC. lose heartD. give back8.—Could you please give the magazine to Mario?—Sure. I’ll give it to him I see him.A. as many asB. as much asC. as often asD. as soon as9.Since you feel serious about joining the school team, why not it?A. catch up withB. carry on withC. try out forD. make up for10.the girl is only six years old, she knows more than 300 ancient Chinese poems.A. IfB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Because二、完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)"Never give up!" It is my law(法则) of life.It has brought me success.I learnt the law from my father’s 11story.My father was 12in a poor village in the north of Jiangsu,China.When he was a young boy,he went to school in the morning,then worked in the fields 13sunset.And then he did his homework until midnight.Life was hard,because the family had no 14.At the age of 14,my father heard 15the United States of America.It was the land of gold,the land where16people can become rich."17don’t I go to America?" he thought to himself,full of hope.So,my father went to America."I had thought it was easy to 18money in America," he told me."But when I 19there,I realized it was not true.They did not like to hire(雇用) me because I spoke ter,I worked in a small restaurant,cleaning up tables,washing dishes and sweeping the floor.Life was 21for the first few years.I worked from 10 a.m.to 11 p.m.I wanted to go to school to learn English,but it was 22.I couldn’t23the schooling(学校教育)." However, my father 24working hard,and reached his goal."Alan," he often says to me,"if you want something,you have to work for it and never25.Things do not come easily in life." That is what I learnt from my father.11.A. life B. fashion C. danger D. history12.A. lost B. found C. hid D. born13.A. to B. till C. from D. at14.A. experience B. energy C. time D. money15.A. from B. to C. of D. for16.A. kind B. poor C. strong D. lazy17.A. What B. How C. Why D. When18.A. discover B. make C. collect D. spend19.A. arrived in B. arrived at C. got to D. reached20.A. little B. few C. much D. many21.A. comfortable B. cheerful C. boring D. hard22.A. exciting B. impossible C. easy D. different23.A. borrow B. need C. afford D. require24.A. kept B. finished C. minded D. stopped25.A. give in B. give up C. give off D. give out三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分)AUsain Bolt is one of the fastest men ever timed on the ground. But who is the fastest man in water? It is Michael Phelps, the US swimmer. On 14 August 2016, this legendary (传奇的)star finished his fifth Olympics with five gold medals at Rio. He is the most decorated (授予奖章的) athlete of all time, with a total of 23 Olympic gold medals. Already 31 years old in 2016, he decided to retire and gave out the news on 12 August. Although he have mentioned retirement before, he is serious about it this time.Fu Yuanhui, 23, is a Chinese swimmer. She became a popular star on social media with her humour personality and exaggerated (夸张的)facial expressions, instead of her bronze medal in thewo men’s 100-metre backstroke(仰泳). After the semi-final, a reporter asked her if she had saved some energy for the final. Fu answered with a shock face, "I’ve worked all my prehistorical power out!" This cute answer made her popular.But she wrote on her Wei bo, "I’m neither a famous person online nor a ‘emoji maker’. I’m an athlete."26.Michael Phelps comes from .A. the USAB. BritainC. AustraliaD. Canada27.Michael Phelps got gold medals at Rio Olympics.A. 5B. 14C. 18D. 2328.Michael Phelps gave out the news of retiring on .A. 14 DecemberB. 2 DecemberC. 12 AugustD. 14 August29.Fu became a popular star on social media.A. because of her bronze medal in the matchB. because of her beauty and her successC. because she is a famous person onlineD. because of her humour personality and exaggerated facial expressions30.From the passage we can know that .A. Fu Yuanhui was dissatisfied with her performanceB. Michael Phelps has taken part in five Olympic GamesC. a reporter interviewed Fu Yuanhui before the matchD. Michael Phelps is the fastest man on the groundBFour years ago, Chinese skater Wu Dajing introduced himself to the skating world by winning a silver medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games. At this year’s PyeongChang Olympics, Wu not only returned, but also made history.On 22 Feb., 2018, Wu won the gold medal in the men’s short-track 500-meter race. He seta new world record with a time of 39.584 seconds. He also became the first Chinese man totake home an Olympic short-track gold medal. BBC said Wu’s win was "flawless", because hewas much faster than all of the other skaters."I didn’t give them a chance and I kept my speed from the start," he told the reporter afterthe match.But China’s short-track teams didn’t do well in general at the Games. Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 metres, 3000-metre relay and men’s 1500 metres all failed t o take home the gold. Wu was China’s biggest hope, which put a lot of pressure on him. But he proved himself with his great performance.Wu is now known as a highly talented skater. But things were not always that way. When Wu joined the national team in 2010, he was seen as almost "nothing" compared to gifted skaters like Zhou Yang and Fan Kexin, as his coaches said at the time. Their words made him quite upset. But Wu didn’t want to give up and worked as hard as he could. He practiced skating all year r ound. He even didn’t return to his hometown for the holidays for 10 years. "I believe in myself," he told the reporter after his match at the Olympics.31.At the PyeongChang Olympics, Wu Dajing won the gold medal in the men’s short-trackrace.A. 500-meterB. 1000-meterC. 1500-meterD. 3000-meter relay32.What does the underlined word "flawless" mean?A. Ordinary.B. Common.C. PerfectD. Difficult.33.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Wu won a gold medal at the Sochi Olympic Winter Games four years ago.B. Wu set the world record with a time of 39.584 seconds and made history.C. Wu’s coaches placed great hope on him when he joined the national team.D. Chinese skaters in the women’s 500 meters, 3000-meter relay took home the gold.34.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. The national team and coaches regarded Wu as a talented skater all the way.B. Wu kept on practicing skating all year round even in the holidays for 10 years.C. Zhou Yang and Fan Kexin were more hard-working on skating than Wu Dajing.D. Because of Wu’s hard work, confidence and strong will, he finally succeeded.35.Which one might be the best title of this passage?A. From Zero to Skating HeroB. Short-track 500-meter RaceC. PyeongChang Winter OlympicsD. Rising of China’s Bright Skiing StarCSometimes mistakes are great teachers to us.Do you know why?Mistakes are great teachers.Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes to achieve their goals and wishes,and who are able to learn from those mistakes.And in order to learn from mistakes you must be willing to pay for them.Mistakes can be very valuable,but when you try to get others to pay for your mistakes,then you lose the chance to learn from them.When something goe s wrong,it’s usually very easy to find someone else’s mistakes,but is that useful?Of course not.Much of the value of mistakes comes from the fact that they need to cost what must be paid.The person who learns the most from a mistake is the one who pays the price for that mistake.When you make a mistake,what you shouldn’t do is run away from it.You need to accept it because you can learn a lot from it.The mistake has been made,so make the most of it.Pay theprice,learn the lesson,and grow much stronger.When you make a mistake,don’t look back at it for long.Remember the reason for it,and then look forward.Mistakes are lessons of wisdom.The past cannot be changed.The present is still in your power.Make full use of your mistakes to achieve your goals and wishes.36.Who success doesn’t come to?A. People who are willing to risk making mistakes to achieve their goals and wishes.B. People who are able to learn from the mistakes.C. People who face the mistakes and accept them.D. People who run away when they make mistakes.37.When something goes wrong,finding someone else’s mistakes is .A. easy and usefulB. hard but usefulC. hard and not usefulD. easy but not useful38.What should you do when you make a mistake?A. Run away quickly.B. Accept it.C. Think about it long.D. Ask others to solve it.39.Which of the following is right about the mistakes that we made in life?A. They make us stronger and stronger.B. They make us weaker and weaker.C. They are not useful at all.D. They make us know what we can do.40.According to the passage,which sentence is wrong?A. We shouldn’t look back at our mistakes for long.B. We should remember the reasons for the mistakes.C. We should look forward.D. We should do nothing from now on.四、任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)Diana Nyad was born in 1949. She was very interested in swimming at an early age and she was a Florida state high school swimming champion. Like many young swimmers, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness prevented her from competing in the Olympics. However, it didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead she became interested in marathon swimming.For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1974, Nyad set a women’s record of 8 hours,11 minutes in the 35-km Bay of Naples race.In 1979, she set another record by swimming 164 km from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida.Nyad tried to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. The span (跨度) of water is about 76 miles, and it is difficult and dangerous. After fighting against water for about two days, she had to give up for her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire (渴望) to succeed. It did not matter that she didn’t reach the destination (目的地). She believed she had touched the other shore (岸).After Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she tried some new things—travelling around the world, writing books and giving speeches about her life. Now Diana Nyad works to encourage others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.根据短文内容回答下列问题41.What was Nyad interested in when she was very young?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________42.When did Nyad set the record for a ten-mile marathon swimming in Lake Ontario?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________43.How many times is N yad’s distance swimming mentioned in the passage?___________________________________________________________________________________ _________44.Why did Nyad give up after fighting against water for about two days?____________________________________________________________________________________________45.What did Nyad do after her swimming career ended?____________________________________________________________________________________________五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共10分)(A)根据句意及汉语提示写出单词46.Do you have the (勇气) to make a speech to a large number of people?47.Some of them agree with you,but I am strongly (反对) your project.48.Children can learn team (精神) when they play football.49.Simon always keeps his (想法) to himself and never tells others.50.The whole world was surprised at many (成就) of China.(B)用所给单词的适当形式填空51.This bank is not a personal one but a (nation) one.52.As the (lead) of the group, Tony works well with every member.53.Cancer is the leading cause of (die) in women.54.The trip abroad is an (usual) experience to those two children. They will never forget it. 55.Some (Germany) writers are coming to visit our city museum this weekend.六、根据短文内容及首字母提示补全短文(每小题1分,共10分)Kobe Bryant is millions o f basketball fans’ hero. But how much do you k 56 about him?Kobe was born in 1978. He became f 57 all over America when he was in senior high. He l 58 his team to win many important games. His talent (天赋) m 59 him the centre of attention. He w 60 many awards and it meant he could win a scholarship to go to a good university. But he gave up the chance and decided to enter the NBA after he g 61 .Kobe took part in the NBA draft (选拔队员制) in 1996 and became a player of the Lakers. D 62 his first season in the league, he s 63 the world his talent and effort.And he won the Slam Dunk Contest in 1997.Kobe is considered to be a hero b 64 of his love for basketball. He is a player who never loses h 65 even if he has to face many problems.56. 57. 58. 59. 60.61. 62. 63. 64. 65.七、书面表达(15分)通过学习本单元,你认识了Spud Webb 。