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第9单元课⽂翻译及课后练习答案Unit 9 Holidays and Special DaysIn-Class Reading A Merry Christmas参考译⽂快乐的圣诞节还吃吗？帕特⾥克·布伦顿1你可能知道merry 有两层意思：快乐和醉酒。
如果你像许多英国⼈那样，那么你的圣诞节将会是⼀个喝酒的⽽不是宗教的节⽇。
从12 ⽉初直到1 ⽉份的第⼀周结束，整个圣诞节期间，你会花很长时间与朋友、亲戚和同事喝酒。
⽆论⾝处酒馆喧闹友好的⽓氛中，还是置⾝于他⼈安宁舒适的家⾥，你都会⼀⼩⼝⼀⼩⼝地喝个不停。
2如果圣诞节前⼣在⽪卡迪利或⽜津⼤街上⾏⾛，你就会看到⼤把⼤把的钱花在电⼦游戏、瓶装烈性酒、昂贵的服装、激光唱⽚、磁带、照相机以及⼤量的奢侈品上。
如果圣诞节前⼣，到伦敦东区⼏个镇的主要街道上⾛⼀⾛，你就看不到（有⼈）⼤把⼤把地花钱买礼品。
假如你有钱或者你不怕负债，你就会加⼊到圣诞节所体现的炫耀性消费的⾏列中去。
如果你没钱，你会感到伤⼼失望，因为不能给⼼爱的⼈你想给的礼物。
3圣诞节应该是对他⼈表⽰爱⼼和良好祝愿的时候。
它应该是为那些没有我们那么幸运的⼈做善事的时候。
然⽽，当我们坐下来吃圣诞⼤餐的时候我们想到过别⼈吗？当然没有。
我们只顾忙于品尝圣诞节的美味佳肴。
我们只顾忙着想知道我们送给别⼈的礼物是同别⼈送给我们的⼀样好，还是⽐他们送的更好。
我们忘了顾及那些⽣病的和⽆家可归的⼈。
整个圣诞节基本上丧失了基督精神这⼀概念——我相信如果基督看到在以他的名义进⾏这样的庆祝活动，他⼀定会很痛苦。
4因此，我反对过圣诞节——我同意斯克鲁奇的看法：“这全是挂⽺头卖狗⾁。
”如果我们还要继续以这种铺张浪费、愚昧⽆知的⽅式庆祝的话，那么让我们诚实⼀点，就把它叫做“吃喝周”——让我们剥掉伪装，别去说什么圣诞节是“表达良好祝愿的时节”。
让我们正视它吧，圣诞节是⼀个失去了原来意义的节⽇。
不仅仅为⼩孩？林恩·奈特5最近，⼀位涉世颇深的妇⼥羞怯地告诉我，她把所有的礼物⼀直存到圣诞节的早上，然后坐在床上打开礼物，就像个孩⼦⼀样。
许国璋英语第二册《第九课》（一）课文：1)课文原文：THE DEVOTED FRIENDOscar wild(adapted)Once upon a time there was an honest little fellow named Hans. He lived in a cottage all alone, and every day he worked in his garden. In all the village there wasno garden so lovely as his.Little Hans had many friends, but the most devoted friend was big Hugh the Miller. Indeed, the rich Miller was so devoted to little Hans that when he passed hisgarden he always picked a large bouquet of flowers, or if it was the fruit season, hewould fill his pockets with plums and cherries.“Real friends must share everything,” the Miller used to say, and little Hans nodded and smiled and was very proud that he had a friend with such noble ideas.Sometimes, indeed, the neighbors thought it was strange that the rich Miller never gave little Hans anything in return, but Hans never troubled his head aboutthese things.So little Hans worked and worked in his garden. During spring and summer and autumn he was very happy, but when winter came, he suffered from cold andhunger, and often went to bed without supper. Besides, in winter he was very lonely,as the Miller never came to see him.“It’s no use going to see little Hans in winter,” the Miller used to say to his wife, “ When people are in trouble we must leave them alone and not bother them. Thatis my idea of friendship, and I am sure I am right. So I shall wait till spring comes, andthen I shall visit him and he will give me a large bouquet of primroses, and that willmake him very happy.”“ You think so much about others,” said his wife, “ It is a pleasure to hear what you say about friendship. I am sure the priest himself cannot say such beautifulthings as you do, though he lives in a three-storeyed house, and wears a gold ring on his little finger.”“ But why don’t we ask little Hans to come here?” said the Miller’s youngest son. “ If poor Hans in trouble I shall give him half my porridge, and show him mywhite rabbits.”“ What a silly boy you are !” cried the Miller. “ I really don’t know what is the use of sending you to school. You do not learn anything. Why , if little Hans comes here, and sees our warm fire, and our good supper, and our red wine, he will envy us, and envy is a terrible thing. Besides, if Hans comes here, he will ask me to give him some flour on credit, and I cannot do that. Flour is one thing ,and friendship isanother. The words are spelt differently and they mean quite different things.”“How right you are!” said the Miller’s wife, “ Really, I feel quite sleepy. This is just like sitting in church.”(to be continued )2)译文：忠实的朋友奥斯卡·怀尔德(改编)从前有一个诚实的小家伙叫汉斯。
新视野大学英语第二册Unit9课后答案和翻译（第3版）新视野大学英语第二册Unit9课后答案和翻译(第3版)导语：《新视野大学英语》以质量为保证，以特色求发展，以上一个新台阶为目标，积极应对高教大发展、教育国际化带来的`新挑战。
下面YJBYS店铺带来新视野大学英语第二册Unit9课后答案和翻译(第3版)，欢迎大家前来学习。
新视野大学英语(第3版)第一册Unit9答案【Section A】Comprehension of the TextI.1. His mother. Because she influenced his thoughts and attitudes toward life.2. He learned from his mother that one should never quit.3. The family was homeless, jobless and penniless with three babies waiting to be fed.4. She quit school to find a job as a grocer and moved the family to live with her brother, Allen.5. She discovered in him a talent for words.6. Though very poor, she signed him up for a set of books for intermediate and advanced readers.7. He worked as a reporter with the Baltimore Sun and later with The New York Times. He won the Pulitzer Prize.8. No, she didn’t have the chance to know of it because her health collapsed, but she always believed in it.VocabularyIII.1.ambitious2.sympathize3.tender4.considering5.corruption6.scattered7.intermediate8.corresponding9.equivalent 10.deceivedIV.1.to2.around3.to/with4.up5.out6.to7.out8.of9.From 10.inV.1.J2.M3.F4.L 5,A 6.O 7.G 8.D 9.I 10.CWord BuildingVI.1. After working extra hours for several months, I have repaid the money to the bank.2. I didn’t enjoy the story at first, but I came to like it whenI reread it.3. He replaced the book on the shelf when he finished it.4. She is slowly regaining he strength after the accident.5. The old city center was redesigned after the war.6. She was asked toreconsider her decision to leave the job.7. After the disaster the government spent millions of dollars helping the local people to reconstruct their homes.8. The museum has such a fine set of old paintings that it is worth revisiting.VII.1. dishonest2. discouraged3. displeased4. discontinued5. disappearing6. discharged7. disclosed8. dislikeSentence StructureVIII.1. I’ve made up my mind to marry him even if my moth er objects.2. She has problems finding a job even if she gets a Bachelor’s degree.3. Even if you normally have good skin, some pats of the face may become dry during the winter.4. The young man felt great sadness even if he did not find the words to express it.5. Even if you don’t watch music programs, you’ve probably heard his songs.IX.1. The clearer a goal is , the easier it is to decide whether the goal is achievable.2. The angrier I got, the less he said.3. The larger the city is, the greater the increase in population is.4. The longer they stick to their goal, the greater the chances of success are.5. The more expensive the restaurant is, the better the food it serves.TranslationX.1. I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2. I have been working hard for so many years; I feel I am entitled to a good future.3. When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4. From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5. When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words "Never be a quitter in face of life" were constantly in my mind.6. You should know better than to play football in the street.XI.1. 詹姆士是个诚实的人，尽管我反对他这个人，我还是要这样说。
究竟什么是智力？-阿西莫夫解释，为什么智力低些的反而能在智力测验时取得高分。
作者：艾萨克·阿西莫夫究竟什么是智力？当我在军队里时我遇到一种所有士兵参加的能力测试，对应通常的100分，会给160分。
基地里还没有人看到那样一种数字并且两个小时时间他们让我造成不必要的紧张（这不意味着任何事情。
第二天做为我的最高的职位我仍然是一名厨房值勤的列兵。
）在我的一生中，我一直在登记着那样的分数，以至于我产生了自满的感觉我是高智商的，并且我期待其他人也是这样认为。
实际上，虽然如此的分数并不简单地表明我在回答那种典型的学术性问题时是很好的，这些问题被那些设计智力测验的人们认为值得回答——那些人的智力与我的近似？例如，我曾经有一名汽车修理工，我估计他在这些智力测验方面是不可能有高过80的分数。
我总是据此以为我是比他聪明得多的。
但是，我的汽车出了任何问题时我总是赶紧让他来维修，当他检查汽车的零部件时我烦恼地看着他，听着他的似乎是圣言的判断——并且他总能修好我的汽车。
于是，就建议我的汽车修理工为一个智力测验设计问题。
或者建议一位木匠这么做，或者一位农民，或者其他人，的确，除了院士以外的所有人。
通过这些测验中的每一个证明，我自己是一个低能者。
并且我已经是一名低能者。
在一个我不能使用我所受的学院训练和我的口才但不得不用我的双手来做复杂或粗糙的工作的世界里，我会做得很糟糕。
所以，我的智力不是绝对的。
它的价值被我所生活的这个社会所决定。
它的数字价值被这个社会的已经设计了它的一小部分人所决定并将其强加于做为如此事情的公断人的我们中的其他部分。
再次考虑到我的汽车修理工。
他有一个无论什么时候都告诉我笑话的习惯。
有一次他从车头盖下面抬起头来说："博士，一位聋哑小伙子走进硬件仓库要些钉子。
他将两根手指头一起放在柜台上并用另一只手做锤的动作。
这个伙计给他一把锤子。
他摇头并指着他正在锤的两根手指头。
这位伙计带给他钉子。
他挑出他想要的尺寸的，离开了。
U n i t9S e c t i o n A1部分课文翻译1a部分翻译Wluch of these places would you like to visit Rank them from l (most) t0 6 (least).这些地方中你想参观哪一处？从1（最想参观）到6（最不想参观）给它们排序。
space museum_____太空博物馆_____history museum_____历史博物馆_____art museum_____美术馆_____water park_____水上公园_____zoo_____动物园_____amusement_____游乐场_____1b部分翻译Listen. Have these students ever been to these places Check(√)the boxes.听录音。
这些学生曾去过这些地方吗？在方框中用“√”画出来。
1c部分翻译Ask and answer questions about the placesinlb.就1b中的地方进行问答练习。
A:Let's go somewher differ ent today.咱们今天去某个不同的地方吧。
B:OK. Where do you want to go好的。
你想去哪里？A:Have you ever been to the space museum你曾经去过太空博物馆吗？B:No,I haven't. How about you不，我没去过。
你呢？2a部分翻译Look at the map of the town Listen and the places you hear.看这幅城镇地图。
听录音并圈出你所听到的地方。
2b部分翻译Listen again and circle T for true or F false.再听一遍录音，正确的圈T，错误的圈F。
Unit 9 What Is HappinessText comprehensionI. AII. 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. T; 5. F.III.1. He means that one is given the right to pursue happiness, but does not know what it is.2. Because he believes that commercial advertising not only fails to satisfy our desires, but more importantly it creates them, and it creates them faster than any man’s budget can satisfy them. Such insatiability makes people unhappy.3. Because he thinks that the products and pursuits advertised on the front pages of women’s magazines are dreamlike and can’t be fulfilled.4. He set two extremes according to Thoreau, the low level and the high level. The former refers to possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood, while the latter refers to active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature. To find balance is to save time and effort on the low levels and spend on the high.5. The inherent right is not happiness itself, but lies in the pursuit of happiness, in the pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing, i.e. in the idea of becoming.IV.1. Jonathan Swift seemed to share this view when he criticized this idea of happiness as the state of being completely controlled by deception.2. The active exercise or training to improve one’s understanding of what is of lasting value would have been Thoreau’s idea of the high levels, i.e. spiritual happiness.Structural analysis of the textPart 1 (par. 1, 2):The author points out that when we are not sure what happiness is, we tend to be misled by the idea that we can buy our way to it.Part 2 (par. 3, 4, 5, 6):The author offers a number of examples to show how this misconception of happiness gives rise to the “happiness-market” in a highly commercialized society (the United States).Part 3 (par. 7, 8, 9): The author suggests striking a balance between what Thoreau called the low levels and the high levels.Part 4 (par. 10): The author gives his understanding of happiness, in the light of the Founding Fathers’ belief that it is “in the idea of becoming”.Page 172VocabularyI. Phrase1. un-American: not typical of the attitudes, ways of life, etc., that are approved of or considered normal in the US2. commercialism: the activities or attitudes of people who think that making a profit is moreimportant than anything else; emphasis on the maximizing of profit 商业主义3. for that matter: it is also true that … (The phrase “for that matter” is used to emphasize that sth., though mentioned second, is also true, important, or relevant as what has been mentioned earlier.) 就此而论，在这方面,同样4. face: aspect5. in nature: essentiallyII.1. perpetual;2. functions;3. inherent;4. cited;5. approaching;6. flawless;7. vaguely;8. disciplining.Page 173III. Word derivationFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. A deer suddenly ran across the road, with a hunting dog in hot pursuit (pursue).2. I’m sure many businessmen use some kind of deception (deceive) at times, to achieve their objectives.3. The project has been a success, thanks to the dedication (dedicate) of all of our staff.4. His first commercial (commercialism) venture was opening a small corner shop.5. The concert ended with the singers and audience singing patriotic (patriotism) songs.6. It was so convincing that I had to remind myself that they were fictional (fiction) characters, not real people.7. Not many people are able to indicate their disapproval (disapprove) without causing offence.8. The homeless and starving (starvation) refugees of the war were flocking to the cities.1. pursue v. 追捕，追求；继续从事pursuer n. 追赶者，追求者pursuit n. 追求，追赶e.g. 我知道她的追求者很多。
I. dictationA.Vending MachinesVending machines sell many different types of items. Some of them sell cold drinks like soda, or hot drinks like coffee or hot chocolate. Others sell candy, stamps, tickets, newspapers, and other types of small things.These machines have been successful for two reasons. They save time and they are convenient. Besides, they need no salesclerks or cashiers. In many places the customer can use the machines at any time of day or night.Although there are many different sizes and types of vending machines, they all work in basically the same way. The customer puts a coin into the machines and then pushes a button , pulls a lever, or opens a door to receive the merchandise. Some machines will also return change to the customer, and a few will made change for paper money. But the basic idea is the same. Customers like to save time and are usually willing to pay a higher price for this.B. The robot is with us already. Robot devices have appeared quite innocently and we are so familiar with them that we no longer even notice their existence. We drive along the road and we obey the signals given to us by the robot traffic signals which replace the policeman waving his arms. One thing that amuses foreigners is that the Englishman still obeys the signals given by these robots even if it is two o’clock in the morning when there is little or no traffic on the roads. In the kitchen the housewife passes on some of her chores to her robot washing machine and to her robot dish-washer. We make a telephone call to Europe, and the switching is completely handled by robots. In some cases programmes produced by a computer are being used to control the operation of machine tools in the factory.II. Guided WritingText book:From the very beginning man has obviously been interested in numbers. Ancient man believed that numbers had magic qualities, while modern man is interested in new methods of handling them. Dr. Herman Hollerith, who built the first electric computer, learned that by 1890 people had actually worked for seven years to count and record various kinds of information about the population of the United States. He wondered how many years it would take to do the same job as the country grew larger. Quite some years passed when, in the end, he succeeded in designing a machine for handling facts in the form of numbers which were collected and arranged to show certain information. Such facts are often called statistics and they are handled by the machine.Hollerith’s design finally replaced the complex mechanical systems with the flow of electrons which gives immediate results. His idea eventually led to the founding of the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), still one of the largest producers of computers in the world.Work book:It has been many years since the first computer was designed and built. Today’s complex computers, which do all kinds of sophisticated work, are no longer adding machines. They store information, calculate and handle almost all the business for banks and enterprises, saving manpower and time. They keep records of all kinds and all the information is ready on command. All this we owe to the computer people, who are highly skilled in electronics. They are a proud group, for they are advancing rapidly and are forever accepting new challenges. We always hear of more computer successes in computer science and wonder at the geniuses working behind them. On the other hand, the computer people are humble people, too, for, however complex the computers that they design and build are, they recognize the value of man’s most wonderful computer, the human brain. Man-made computers are superior to the human brain mainly in speed and in their ability to do many things at the same time, but they cannot start a piece of work by themselves. Only when materials are fed to them can they do wonders. And they have no such ability, as does the human brain, to make inventions or to create new ideas.III.Translation:A.1. No one in our class can match him in the knowledge of wild plants.2. He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he had to be away from school for two months.3. After one year’s hard practice, not only did he speak English more fluently, but he spoke it more accurately as well.4. Since she was pregnant, we made an exception in her case.5. This book, which is based on a true story, will move you to tears.6. All the desks and chairs in the newly-established school can be adjusted to fit the height of any child.7. When she came to realize that he had taken advantage of her trust in him, she felt deeply hurt.8. I took an aspirin tablet so that I’d be free from pain and be able to sleep peacefully at night.B.Dear Helen,It’s fun being a student again. There are alwa ys things to learn. I wish you had come with me.The weather is really nasty. It’s always raining and drizzling. I wish it would stop for a minute. It’s quite an experience living in a hall of residence. It’s fun, but it’s too noisy! The students next door are always playing their pop records. They ought to know that they’re a nuisance. I wish somebody could tell them that other students are annoyed and that they want to study or relax.I hope you’ll write me more often. Though I enjoy the life here, I ofte n miss home and feel lonely.。
高中英语第二册上Unit 9 Saving the earth 练习与解析1单句改错下列句子均有一处错误（或多一词；或缺一词；或错一词），请找出并加以改正。
1．Great quantities of water is badly needed in this area.答案is改为are2．I wonder how we can do with these old things.答案how改为what或do改为deal3．He mustn’t he Mr. Zhang， because he has gone to Beijing.答案mustn’t改为can’t4．Anyone has the right knowledge may give first aid when necessary.答案has改为with或has改为having或has前加who5．I’m sorry to have taken your hat by a mistake.答案去掉a6．In my opinion， China should pay much attention to develop education in the future. 答案develop改为developing7．Take it easily. You’ll be all right soon.答案easily改为easy8．I’m sorry I have forgotten your umbrella in my office.答案forgotten改为left9．I found my books which I had left them.答案which改为where10．I hit in his face.答案his改为the单项填空1．I can’t go for a holiday. I’ll have to a summer course, preparing for the GRE.A. joinB. attendC. serve.D. spare.解析attend a course“上课”答案B2．Will you please let me have a look at the notes you’ve of the lecture given by Mr. Johnson?A. writtenB. takenC. recordedD. marked解析此句实际是考查take notes of这一短语，意为“作记录”。
Book 2 Unit 9 Active Reading 1New words1. caterv. to provide food and drinks at an eventComplete the sentences with appropriate prepositions.(1) Football fans are well catered _for_.(2) The TV shows are catering _to_ old audiences.(3) The school aims to cater _for_ children of all abilities.Do you know the difference between these phrases?cater for sb./sth. to provide people with everything they want or needcater to sb./sth. to provide people with something they want or need, especially something unusual or special2. dreadv. to feel very worried about sth. that might happen or is going to happenComplete the sentences with the words in the column.dread (n./v.) dreaded dreadful dreadfully(1) John felt _dreadfully_ tired.(2) I hear the _dreaded_ Miss Jones is going to be at the meeting.(3) It’s a _dreadful_ shame that you can’t go.(4) She started to _dread_ seeing him.(5) He lives in _dread_ of meeting her again.3. numerousa. existing in large numbers; manyFigure out the meaning of underlined words.(1) The car was seen in the area on numerous occasions . 多次(2)I’ve made mistakes too numerous to mention. 多得数不清4. optionn. something that you can choose in a particular situationTranslate the following sentences.(1)她没有别的选择,只好承认了实情。
In-Class ReadingTranslation 课文译文青年人的消费行为1 研究市场营销的人很想了解什么样的产品在年轻人市场上会好销。
同时，充分了解年轻人对其他人，如父母亲，的影响也很重要。
实际上，与年青人作为某些商品的主要购买者的地位相比，研究市场营销的人更感兴趣的是他们对别的购买者的影响力。
2 年轻人是如何花钱的呢？男女青少年把大部分的钱花在衣服，光碟、立体声音响设备、娱乐和旅游上。
青年女性把大部分的钱化在化妆品上，其次是衣服和首饰。
青年男子把大部分的钱化在体育用品、照相机、光碟、立体声音响设备、自行车、鞋子、牛仔裤、乐器和电子游戏上。
3 青少年，作为高消费社会的成员，越来越注意新产品和新品牌。
他们是天生的试用者，会花好多小时为自己购物。
4 除了他们对市场的直接影响外，年青人还间接地影响着他们父母对商品品牌的选用。
例如，研究发现，四分之三的青少年会影响他们父母的购物决定。
在购买重要物件时，他们最大的影响在于决定过程中的最初阶段，是在诸如产品的样式、颜色和品牌等审美方面的考虑时影响最大，但在购物的地点、时间、及花多少钱方面则影响力最小。
苹果电脑公司的研究表明，十几岁的青少年在家庭购买电脑的决策方面正发挥着影响。
因此，公司在最近一次介绍产品型号时利用了深受年青人喜爱的当代流行歌曲电台和电脑杂志，以便鼓励青少年去说服他们的父母亲买这种新产品。
5 随着双职工家庭的大量增加，青少年越来越多地帮父母购买食品及别的东西。
例如，有一项研究发现，百分之八十的青少年“大量地参与”家庭的食物采购。
KRAFT公司意识到了年轻人在购买食品杂货方面的重要性，并在音乐电视节目，网站，青少年杂志及当代流行歌曲电台上做广告，突出介绍含有KRAFT产品的食谱。
与广告宣传相配合，KRAFT公司还编写了一套有关“食品购买经验”的学习资料，让家政学老师分发给学校里的青少年。
6 因此，从间接影响父母购买决策的角度看，青少年市场显然占据一个重要的地位。
7 青少年市场显得十分重要的另一因素是，青少年时期也许是养成对商品牌子信赖的时候，而这种信赖会一直延续到成年以后。
例如，《十七岁》杂志做了一项有关商品品牌信赖度的研究，发现至少有百分之三十的成年妇女还在用她们少女时代最初选用的品牌。
若转换成市场数字表示，研究发现，总数为6,760,000的妇女还在用同一品牌的化妆品，总数为8,900,000的妇女还在吃同一种盒装的奶酪，这些都是她们最早买过的。
8 在青少年进行购物决策的过程中，他们受父母、朋友、售货员、媒体和别的信息来源的影响究竟有多大呢？对于许多产品的选定，朋友的影响最大。
然而，父母也是影响许多购物决策的重要因素。
很重要的一点是：尽管同龄人的影响很大，家庭的影响也很重要。
因此，市场营销人员应该知道在具体某个时间，究竟哪一群人最具影响力，是父母亲还是同龄人，这样他们就能恰当地筹划自己的营销策略。
9 青少年经常花很长的时间购物，尤其是在周末。
青少年现在购物更多了，也就会使他们在所光顾的商店里花钱更多。
此外，青少年在选择商店上很有决定权，这就意味着商店必须招徕得法来吸引他们。
虽然人们通常认为年轻人买东西凭一时冲动，不像整体市场那样理智。
但调查表明，大部分年龄在14到25之间的调查对象在购买之前会货比三家，比较价格和牌子。
对青少年购物行为的研究得出了下列初步的结论：∙在购买像计算机这种高精产品时，青少年更倾向于向个人了解情况，而在购买一般产品时，如衣服和化妆品，则最依赖媒体获取信息。
∙在决策过程的产品评估阶段，价格和品牌被认为是最重要的标准，而父母和同龄人的影响相对来说要小一些。
∙随着青少年日趋成熟，他们在决策之前，利用越来越多的渠道去获取消费者信息。
购物时更多地依靠朋友，而较少依靠父母来获取信息和建议，并更喜欢在没有父母的指导下购物。
After-Class ReadingTranslation 课文译文购物1 一些人喜欢购物，为什么会这样？下面的说法有一定道理：有两条X染色体使女性喜欢购物，然而男性的XY染色体结构使得他们在妻子或女友建议去购物时，常背道而驰。
2商店和购物中心尽力使购物更具诱惑力，从零食到衣服，杂货，首饰，运动商品，厨房用具，应有尽有。
有人还认为，把节假日列在日历上，主要不是为了纪念民族英雄或者历史事件，而是为了刺激那些原本善于安排家庭开支的好管家放弃他们通常健全的经济头脑，速去商店购物。
在美国，绝大多数的商店在感恩节和圣诞节之间的这个月里，销售额占全年总量的一半以上。
感恩节过后的这一天是整年最忙的购物日。
甚至在人们还来不及享受和消化感恩节火鸡的时候，报纸、电视、广播的广告已向公众发布最廉价商品和大拍卖的消息。
3平常举止优雅通情达理的人们，推推搡搡拥挤到柜台前看看待售的最新款式的衣服，工具，鞋子, 游戏等等。
装扮起来的圣诞老人在门口站着，圣诞乐曲陪送购物者前往特别诱惑人的“便宜货”和货物桌那里去。
4购物者被告知这些“完美的礼品”将取悦他们的亲朋好友。
钱和信用卡如冬天的风雪一样从购物者和店主手中飞来飞去。
当货物从柜台和桌子装入购物袋时，现金出纳机响个不停，商店经理笑开了怀。
最后，购物袋和购物车都装得满到提不动推不动为止。
一些商店，意识到这令人遗憾的情形，会帮购物者把所购之物存放几天（或者等到购物者手头有更多的钱时），有些商店会提供送货上门的服务，通常是免费的。
5如果说热衷购物的人只把他们的这项活动限于节假日进行，这有失公正。
许多人购物不限时间和地点。
他们不需要以节日为借口蜂拥至购物中心和商店去寻找最新的商品。
对于这些购物诳来说，购物已经成为一项重要的娱乐活动，取代了大大小小的运动，游乐园，电影，甚至合理的饮食。
6与购物诳相反，有些人认为购物无聊或者说得好一点累人。
这类购物者一般在直奔商店前就知道他要什么。
他们喜欢直接到可以找到他们所需物品的商店柜台或者地方去，店员立即注意到他们的到来；或者最好他们所需之物就放在小推车上，接着就尽快地向收款处走去。
这类购物者通常受那些狂热的购物者的嘲笑，不被他们所理解。
7当然，在热衷购物的人和不愿意购物的人之间还有程度不同的购物者。
不过，他们中的绝大多数，往往是不愿购物的人，却被热衷购物的配偶或朋友说服，相信购物真的很有趣。
而且，如果不去购物，他怎么知道哪里可以买到什么确实便宜的东西呢？8理论上，购物得当，结果应该掏到价廉物美的商品。
实际上，情况很少能这样。
购物像赌博，喝酒，打牌这些已经养成习惯的行为一样，会失去控制。
似乎很难逃脱商店和购物商场里的商人和推销员的影响。
购物可能会被人们普遍接受并成为习尚。
课内阅读练习答案Part One Preparation1. Describing the CartoonsSTEP ONE1 b2 a3 d4 cSTEP TWOSample1. Two youngsters are coming out of a health food store. One of them is having some ice-cream. He explains to his friend that the health food store sells junk food (candy, sweets, etc.) secretly. Normally a health food store only sells wholesome, healthy foods.2. A big woman is climbing onto a refrigerator trying to find the freshest milk. Her handbag is on the floor. A shop assistant is standing beside her and looks puzzled. He says: “Mada m…the dates on the milk are all the same.”3. This scene takes place in the paint department of a large store. A woman is holding a bottle of paint in her hand. She wants to show that the paint doesn’t spray, so she sprays it. But unfortunately this time the spray works and it sprays directly onto the shop assistant’s face. Now the shop assistant’s face looks black4. A woman is standing in front of an ad. The ad has two magnetic bar codes and says: “TODAY ONLY”, “MARKED DOWN TO”. It is intended to tell consumers that there is a sale. But doesn’t provide any more information than that. Obviously people don’t know what is on sale or the actual price, since the magnetic bar codes can only be read by electronic scanners. So the woman looks confused.2 Getting to Know Each Other’s Shopping HabitSample― I go shopping once a week and buy some food, such as fruit, cookies, and some stationery. I usually go shopping with my roommates. I enjoy window shopping when I have time. I get the information from newspapers, TV commercials and also my friends. If my friends recommend a particular brand, I’ll buy that myself. I think a private source is more reliable than ads.― I usually don’t spend much time shopping because I don’t have a lot to buy while at school. My mom does most of the shopping for me before I come to school each new semester, such as clothing, shoes and other daily use items she can think of. At school, I often buy fruit, candies, cookies, drinks, exercise books, stationery, etc. These things are available at campus stores and shopping of this kind can be done on the way to the classroom or back. Sometimes I’ll go down town to buy books and CDs, probably once a month. Very often with my classmates or high school friends who are studying in the same university as I do. I just buy what I need immediately or what I think is good. Shopping is not very important to students, I think.3 Where Would You Like to Shop?Sample― I would definitely like to make my purchase in a supermarket, because compared to other types of shops, supermarkets are more convenient and consumer-friendly. Numerous kinds of commodities are available in a supermarket, which grants us abundant options that we cannot find i n any grocery or roadside stores. What’s more, in supermarkets, customers are free to look at and pick up the things they like and are allowed to return goods to the shelves if they decide not to take them after a second thought. This form of consumption avoids some embarrassment which is likely to take place in a department store between shop assistants and consumers. In a word, as a purchaser, I find shopping in a supermarket the easiest, the fastest and the most comfortable. So I prefer to go shopping in supermarkets rather than in other kinds of stores.― I think it depends on what you are going to buy. I don’t always make my purchase in just one place. I usually buy some daily necessities in a supermarket, such as food, stationery and so on. Since we've got so many supermarkets around us, it's very convenient. And you can freely choose what you like. But when it comes to clothing or something quite important, I'd like to go to the department store because of its comfortable atmosphere and the reliable quality. In addition, you'd better listen to the introduction from the shop assistants while buying something expensive.ExercisesPost-ReadingReading Comprehension The market importance ofAmerican youth. (para.1)Their brand loyalties that may last well into adulthood. (para.7)Their influence on products and brand choices of their parents. (para.4~6)Their role as primarypurchasers of certainitems. (para.2~3) e.g. Thirty percent of Adult women are using The same brands theyFirst chose as teenagers.Examples of companies That make use of their Influence: Apple and Kraft.e.g. They spend a lotOf money on clothes,CDs, stereo equipment,Entertainments, travel.2. 1) personal sources 2) media3) (relative low influence from) parents and peers4) (more from) friends and (less from) parents3. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) T 7) F 8) T4. SampleIn my home, my mother is always the one who does shopping. She buys groceries every other day and puts the meat and vegetables for the following day in the refrigerator. She likes to go to the grocery store around 9 o’clock in the morning when it is not the rush hour. When she goes to the market, she doesn’t like to bargain with vendors, she thinks it’s a waste of time. According to her, the money saved is not worth the effort. Time is money!For major purchases, we usually go together as a family, so that I can have a word as to which brand to buy. Once we bought a TV set. During the process of decision making, my mother wanted to buy a TV set made by a local factory so that we could have better service if anything went wrong with it. But I insisted on buying a different brand that was of better quality. But the manufacturer was in another city. I tried to convince my parents that with a high quality product, it would save us a lot of trouble and time in maintenance. And if the quality was poor, we wouldn’t feel happy to enjoy the good after-sale service. Finally, my parents agreed with me and bought the one I suggested. so anyone who has time in the morning will buy some vegetables and meat for the family. As for buying other daily necessities, we usually do it once a week all together in a shopping mall. There is a big shopping mall in my city and it has a huge parking lot which makes it convenient to shop there. The mall has numerable goods that attract purchasers. When we are shopping, my parents are very prudent. They check the price, the manufacturing date, the expiration date and so on, while I am always excited about interesting products and wish to buy all of them. I often give suggestions such as “Let’s buy the vase for our living room,” and my parent will smile and say nothing if they don’t want to buy it. I don’t care whether they listen to me—shopping in the mall with my parents itself is interesting. When I am buying something, say, a dress, my mother may say “the color does not suit you” or “you will look naive if you we it”, I will accept her advice. Last winter I went to the mall with my father to buy a knapsack bottle. He took a look at every type of bottle on the shelf and compared them carefully. When I became impatient, I said that we could just take one and there wasn’t much difference among them, but father just wanted to make sure which one had a reasonable performance-price ratio and suited me best. I really like doing shopping with my parents.V ocabulary1. 1) survey 2) consideration 3) perceive 4) tend5) campaign 6) relatively 7) primary 8) criteria2. 1) A. bands B. brandbands: small groups of musicians who play musicbrand: a particular trademark of goods2) A. economy B. economicseconomy: the wealth a country gets from business and industryeconomics: the study of the way in which money, industry, and trade are organized in a society3) A. adolescents B. adultsadolescents: persons who are no longer children but who have not yet become adultsadults：persons grown to full size and strength4) A. campaign B. movementcampaign: a planned set of activities that people carry out over a period of time in order to achieve something such as social or political change.Movement: an organized effort by supporters of a common goal5) A contemporary B. moderncontemporary: happened at the same time as something else you are talking aboutmodern: using the most recent ideas and methods6) A. ripe B. matureripe: (of fruit or crops) fully developed; ready to be collected or eatenmature: behave in a sensible and reasonable way, as you would expect an adult to behave Translation1. All the arrangements should be completed prior to your departure.2. Such behavior may result in the executive being fired/asked to leave.3. Our products compete with those of other factories in terms of quality, reliability and aboveall, variety.4. The team’s performance was greatly affected by the heavy rain.5. I appreciate your reasons for objecting to the proposal.6. To some extent, she should be responsible for the accident.7. I’m uneasy at/deeply troubled by the thought that life is just too comfortable.8. Women tend to live longer than men.Part Three Further Development1 Grammar Review1 at2 for3 to4 in5 to6 as2 Vocabulary Review1 A B2 B A3 A B4 A B5 A B6 B A7 B A8 A B3 Pros and Cons of Bargains4 An Effective Complaint Letter1) Dear Mr. Harrison,Dec. 10, 2011, I purchased a Speedo Vacuum Cleaner Model XYZ from the Floor Store, 212 Main Street, Columbus, N.J. 2) (A copy of the receipt is enclosed.) 3) Unfortunately, I have had problems with both the product and the service I have received. Specifically, I have the following complaints:First, the vacuum doesn’t work efficiently to pick up dust or dirt on either bare floors or carpets. Even after I have gone over the same area several times, the dirt remains. The power shuts off by itself when the vacuum has been running for several minutes, then comes back on after 30 to 60 seconds.Second, when I went back to the Floor Store, I was told that because the vacuum was on sale, I could not exchange or return it, which I was not told when I made the purchase. I was also treated rudely by the salesman, Robert Rule, and then by the manager, Alfred Adams.4) I am requesting that you provide me with a new vacuum cleaner, on condition that if this one proves to be unacceptable, I will receive a refund. I also ask that you investigate the business practices of the Floor Store, as they are poor representatives of your company.5) I can be reached during the day at (806) 827-9318 or after six in the evening at (806) 444- 2897. 6) May I hear from you before February, 2012?Yours truly,John Smith5 Making a ComplaintPossible problems:the power turning on automatically / the power shutting off automaticallyproblem in battery chargeno display / display garbledblack screen /blue screenFace-to-Face ComplaintLCD stain / LCD scratchbacklight problemkeypad not functioning / keypad scratchno sound / audio volume low / voice distortionhand-free failurecamera freezeflip problemclock problemno network retrieval / network signal weakcannot dial out / cannot receive callscannot send text messages/cannot receive text messagesmain board scratchantenna problemFace-to-Face ComplaintsSample1C = Customer S = Shop AssistantS: How can I help you, sir?C: It’s about this cell phone I bought here three days ago. Are refunds allowedS: What seems to be the problem?C: The cell phone has kept on shutting its power off automatically and I could do nothing about it. I have missed many important calls!S: I am sorry to hear that. But did you charge the battery in the correct way the first time you used it?C: Of course! I fully referred to the user manual. At night I even tried to maintain the cell phone by myself.S: What did you do?C: Well, I checked the keypad and the main board, but I still could not figure out the problem.Look, the power is off again! OMG (Oh, my God)!S: I am really sorry, sir. Would you be interested in an exchange instead of a refund? I think we can get it repaired in two days.C: No. I would rather just return it.S: Sure, no problem. Do you happen to have the receipt?C: Yeah, right here.S: OK, just a moment, please. Here you are. I need you to sign here, please. And here is your refund. Is there anything else I can do for you?C: No, thank you.S: You’re welcome. Have a nice daySample 2S: Excuse me, can I help you?C: Oh yes. I bought a cell phone here just several days ago and it broke down yesterday. I’ve come to return it.S: Really? What’s wrong with it? Did you drop it on the floor?C: No, I did nothing with it! Something must be wrong with the earphone. I was talking to my 133 Shopping friend on the phone when suddenly his voice disappeared. Then I could hear nothing when making phone calls. And you know what? I missed several important calls. S: Sorry to hear that. May I have a look?C: Of course! Here you are. I was guaranteed to return it if the phone had any problems within this week, wasn’t I?S: Sure you were! We could either repair it for free or replace one for you if necessary.C: How long will it take for replacement?S: I am afraid you have to wait for nearly one week. The iPhone 4 is quite hard to order now. C: One week? Don’t you think you’ve wasted too much of my time? What about my business?You can never imagine how inconvenient it is without a cell phone! Do you know how much money I would lose because of it?S: Sorry about that! We could offer you another phone of a different type for you to use during the time. Is it OK?C: That’s all rightAdditional activityThere are five consumer rights. Work in groups and see which group can get all of them correct. Key:1 The right to chooseConsumers have the right to make an intelligent choice among several products and services.2 The right to informationConsumers have the right to accurate and complete information about all products in order to make a free choice.3 The right to safetyConsumers have the right to expect that anyone trying to sell them services or products has taken the consumers’ health and safety into consideration4 The right to be heardConsumers have the right to register dissatisfaction and have a complaint heard when their interests are badly served.5 The right to consumer educationConsumers have the right to acquire knowledge and skills needed to make informed, confident choices about goods and service.6. What to BuySample⏹I would first buy a set of Jin Yong’s novels. Though I have already had a good knowledge ofhis famous novels and even some details of the characters in his books, I really appreciate his books and would like to have a set of my own. It is well worth buying, and it is just like having an old friend who can remind me of my happy childhood occasionally. Besides, I’d like to buy some DVDs and some other books which I have been dreaming of. I like movies, old and modern, as well as those classic novels.⏹To me mobile phone nowadays has truly become a necessity especially foe students awayfrom home for the sake of convenience. With a mobile phone, I can contact my parents and friends at any time and at any place. We can share news and feelings with anyone we want to so we won’t feel lonely. I am the kind of person who misses my parents when far away from home. Because of this, I would like very much to get my mom a mobile phone since her old one has caused her headaches for a few weeks. If I do so, both of us will be happy.⏹My choice is a camera! Since our university has five beautiful campuses, and each has it ownbeautiful scenery, especially Yuquan campus and Zijingang campus. So what I want to do is to take pictures everywhere on campus, not only of the nice views, but also of all my lovely schoolmates and teachers, and of all the unforgettable stories happening around us. So when I finish my 4-year college life, I do have something to keep my memories fresh for all my life.To me, college years are the most precious time in my life. I really don’t want to have nothing to look back on after years.6. A Shopping ListSample1. Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola, Fanta, Sprite, apple juice, orange juice, green tea, black tea, coffee,milk, mineral water: Drinks are apparently necessary in a party, and since people have different preferences, many different kinds of drinks are listed.2. toy guns, BB bullets, balls, pokers: These are for entertainment activities.3. balloons, colored ribbons, artificial flowers, colorful paper: These are decorations for theclassroom to create a happy atmosphere.4. strawberries, apples, oranges, chestnuts: Seasonal fruits and healthy nuts are always welcomein a party.5. pencils, ball-pens, accessories: These are prizes for winners in small games.Part Four Writing and Translation2. Translation Practice1) Real bargains are beneficial to customers. Consumers are willing to buy products of (a) highquality at a low price. However, some bargains in some shops are poor in quality. Consumers will be cheated if they buy them. Therefore, one has to be careful in buying bargains. It may take him a lot of time to hunt for real bargains. In addition, what the purchasers should payattention to is that they shouldn’t buy things they don’t need though they are bargains.Otherwise, they are just wasting money.2) Shopping is closely related to media. A lot of the consumers buy products under the influenceof advertisements. These ads provide people with all kinds of information about different items. No wonder manufacturers spend a lot of money to advertise their products through various media. Nowadays, Internet, as a new medium, is playing a more and more important role in shopping. It is faster, easier and more convenient. Shopping on the Net is likely here to stay.3.WritingOn BargainsSampleBargains are products that are reduced in price. Some bargains are real bargains, because they are cheaper in price but the quality is quite good. Some bargains are of very poor quality because the shopkeeper merely marks prices higher than normal and then marks them down. This is, in fact, a trick to cheat customers. I think this kind of bargain is bad and should be prohibited.But I like real bargains. It is important to be able to buy goods you want with less money. But it takes a lot of time, you have to hunt for bargains. Once I bought a pair of leather shoes at half price. I felt very happy. But sometimes I feel cheated when the shop assistant says that the original price was 300 yuan, for example, but now it’s only 100 yuan and I know he is not telling the truth. Some customers who cannot resist the temptation will buy the product. Later when they find out that they have been cheated, they will be very angry.In a word, bargains are good if they are real bargains. However one has to be careful in buying bargains. It’s also wise never to buy anything you don’t really need just because it’s cheap. (211 words)Media and ShoppingSampleNowadays shopping is closely related to media. When you read the morning newspaper, when you watch TV, or listen to the radio, you see and hear many advertisements about various products. The advertisers make every effort to stimulate consumers to purchase. I like watching ads on television, not only because they provide information but also because they are often cleverly or beautifully designed. Sometimes I buy a brand only because I have seen it advertised on television. So I’m like most people. My shopping behavior is influenced by the media.To a certain degree, people trust media more than themselves. They might buy something that does not look perfect, but because it was advertised in the media, they will buy it. Perhaps people trust the media too much, and just listen to what the ads say.However, the media help stimulate consumption. Consumers are informed quickly and they are urged to buy and spend their money. (156 words)。
