大工13秋大学英语3辅导资料十三

《英语(三)》辅导资料Part I. Vocabulary and StructureIn this part there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.is his duty to __ B. see __ that everyone has enough money for the trip.A. lookB. seeC. watchD. noteto the doctor's treatment, the patient was brought ___ A. through ____ at last.A. throughB. upC. outD. aboutyoung man was confident enough to __C. brush aside _____ any difficulties.A. drop offB. cut downC.brush aside D. leave outis arranged that the foreign teacher ___D. should _____ teach us Oral English.A. oughtB. mightC. wouldD. shouldwe expected, their project has ended __ B. in____ complete failure.A. onB. inC. atD. withthey reach a certain age, army officers ___ A. retire ______ from active service.A. retireB. retreatC.reverse D. remainC. As ____ everyone expected, Tom did the best in the competition.A. WhichB. ThatC. AsD. WhatI give a chocolate to each of the children It is better __ B. not to ____.A. notB. not toC. notto do D. not doa teacher, you should always dress in ___ C. decent _____ clothes.A. beautifulB. shabbyC.decent D. bright10. She ___ A. instructs ____ music once a week at a middle school.A. instructsB. institutesC.installs D. insistsslum children were ____ D. doomed _____ to lives of poverty.A. determinedB. sureC.sentenced D. doomednoise was ____B. building up _____ until Mary couldn't stand it any longer.A. keeping upB. building upC.turning up D. setting upswimmer ___D. emerged ______ from the water and climbed onto the raft.A. floatedB. aroseC.raised D. emergedcan't afford a new coat and so will have to ___ A. make do with _____ the old one.A. make do withB. do withC. bedone with D. do withoutour ___ C. relief ______, George's illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.A. surprisedB. contentedC.relief D. anxiety__C. went by _______ the directions contained in the guide-book.A. went onB. went beyondC.went by D. went forthbetween time zones may result in __C. obviousdisturbances in normal sleep patterns and body rhythms.A. dangerousB. importantC.obvious D. impressivewas no sleeping accommodation __ A. available ___ to us for the night.A. availableB. sufficientC.probable D. possibleweather it is, we will __ B. carry out _____ this test.A. carry awayB. carry outC.carry off D. carry oversaid that the demonstration would go on __ D. as planned ___.A. as planningB. like planningC.as it planned D. as plannedroof began to __D. give way ____ because of the great weight on it.A. give upB. give inC. giveback D. give waywe reached the top of Mount Tai, a magnificent view of the land A. greeted _us.A. greetedB. presentedC.gave D. spreadthief steals whatever he can __ C. get his hands on ___.A. lay his fingers onB. havea hand inC. get his hands onD. puthis hand toare to have a class meeting before we _ B. break up ______for the vacation.A. break offB. break upC.break down D. break throughagreed to ____ C. call off _____ the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. calloff D. call onthe last few years, the Internet and the World WideWeb have become______ words; almosteveryone has heard of them.A. familyB. homeC. houseD. householdnever worried or hesitated about anything, she just ______it and almost always got whatever shewanted.A. went byB. went forC. went overD. went with28. The reason 800 million people go hungry today isnot that there isn’t enough food in the world,______that these people cannot get the foodanyway.A. butB. despiteC. evenD. exceptshe matured as an a rtist, she______ realize that “allartists are a product of their culture.”A. came toB. kept toC. tookto D. went to30. My son failed to come back home last night. Thismorning the police came to our house and ______my worst fears that he was injured in a caraccident.A. advocatedB. confirmedC.insured D. promised31. You speak an excellent English. Where did you___ A. pick __ it __ up ____A. pick…upB. look…upC.keep…up D. take…onwas very ___B. considerate ____ of you to let us know you were going to be late.A. considerableB. considerateC.considering D. consideredUS has already taken some steps to ___ B. cope with ____ the serious problems created bythe energy crisis.A. comply withB. cope withC. leaveout D. rule outyou won't agree to our plan, ____ D. neither will they _______.A. neither they willB. they will neitherC. they won't neitherD. neither will theyshall tell him the truth, ___ D. no matter whether he likes it or not ____.A. no matter he likes it or notB. whether he would like it or notC. no matter he may like it or notD. no matter whether he likes it or notJune and August there was no rain for weeks ___ D. onend ____.A. in the endB. at the endC. by the endD. on endthis hospital patients with measles were isolated by glasswalls _ C. from ___ those sufferingfrom other diseases.A. forB. inC. fromD. overhas an enormous ____ B. appetite _____ for classicalmusic and classic literature.A. interestB. appetiteC. smellD. powerbomb hit the warehouse and everything in it __ A. went up_______ in heavy smoke.A. went upB. went downC. went underD. went on, Chinese businessmen often make their deals ___ A. over____ dinner.A. overB. byC. withD. fordo you want to ___ A. have go ___with you, Tom or Mary?A. have goB. have to goC. having goingD. have goneturned out that his previous experience was __ B. of value ___ to his final success.A. valueB. of valueC. valueof D. for value I criticized you, it is __ B. so ____I want you to dobetter in future.A. forB. soC. thatD. whatcame back from the party ___ C. happy ____that wehad made many new friends there. A. happily B. sadly C. happy D. sadisn't cold enough for there _ D. to be __a frosttonight, so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.A. would beB. beingC. wasD. to befrequent social activities got __ D. in the way of___his studies.A. hold ofB. rid ofC. down toD. in the way ofis rather _ A. that __ she was too busy to go withyou, not that _she was unwilling to.A. that…thatB. because…forC.for…for D. so…thatthinks that a dictionary means everything when hetries to learn a language, but in my opinion, adictionary is ___ B. of little use ____to beginnersof English.A. usefulB. of little useC. ofuse D. used pen has run out of ink. Can you lend me a pen __C. to write wit ___A. to writeB. for writing onC. to write withD. writingfog is so heavy that we have difficulty __ B in making out __what it is before us.A. to make out B in making out C. for making out D. on making outis a sinking-stomach profession, because I leave theclassroom an hour later ___ D. convinced ____that I was even more boring than usual.A. believedB. thoughtC.considered D. convinced, the great musician, wrote nine symphonies in his life, most of them ___ B. written ____after he had lost his hearing.A. writingB. writtenC. having writtenD. were writtenobjective this summer is ___C. to learn _____ to drive a car.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. of learning54. We aren't very busy in the shop at the moment; in fact we're rather __ D. slack ______.A. freeB. lazyC. spareD. slackshould really avoid your ___D. father's staying __ at home alone as he is very ill.A. father staysB. father tostayC father who stays D. father'sstayingyou are asked to give evidence in court, you should __B. hold back___ nothing.A. let outB. hold backC. run outD. give awaydon't know what is _D. going on____ in the world if we don't read the newspapers.A. going forB. going offC. going overD. going onorder to learn English well, we should work hard. __C. In addition____, good methods are equallyimportant.A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. In additionD. Exceptyou think you can do the job, don't hesitate, just _ C. go ahead ______.A. go awayB. go onC. go aheadD. go over'm afraid Jack will be punished for his carelessness because last night two prisoners escaped when he was ____ C. on guard _____.A. watchfulB. off guardC. on guardD. watching outJapanese strongly protested against the US military _ D. presence_ in their country.A. prefaceB. powderC. positionD. presenceboy was locked in his room and kept _______ the whole morning.A. studyingB. studyC. studiedD. to studyfire spread to the house and soon sent smoke and D. sparks over the top of the roof.A. flashesB. burnsC. lightsD. sparksatomic bomb victims still _B. bear_hidden wounds and are kept alive by constant care.A. faceB. bearC. takeD. carrysun was almost up ____ C. when _____ they finally reached the top of the mountain.A. whileB. untilC. whenD. unlessmother could not afford to ___ B. feed _____ them on meat and fish every day.A. supplyB. feedC.support D. buywas not until ____ A. when _____ it was threatened with invasion that Vermont declared itself an independent commonwealth.A. whenB. thatC.which D. thenI entered the room, I noticed a ___C. surprised ____ look come over her face.A. surprisingB. surpriseC.surprised D. surprisinglyif we __ B. reduce_____ our expenses to the minimum, we still can't afford to buy a house in less than two years.A. shortenB. reduceC.lower D. drop___D. happened ____ that I picked up the key he had lost.A. by chanceB. took placeC.occurred D. happened71. You are late again, but I shan't hold it __ B. against ______ you as it is not your fault.A. onB. againstC. forD. from72. ____ C. The moment ____ I saw you, I know you were angry with me.A. SuddenlyB. OnceC.The moment D. As73. It is urgent that he ____ A. should ____ be rescued from the mountain before dark.A. shouldB. wouldC.may D. could74. Exports have already ___ C. overtaken ____ last year's figure.A. overheardB. overcomeC.overtaken D. overthrownboth ___D. definitely _____ agree that my salary should be doubled.A. occasionallyB. faithfullyC.thoughtfully D. definitely76. We have __A. declared___ time and again that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.A. declaredB. demandedC.informed D. insisted77. When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but __ A. get__ your shoes wet.A. getB. gettingC.to get D. got78. He felt he did not ___C. deserve______ to be given such a great honor.A. achieveB. getC.deserve D. worthy79. Some interesting questions ____ B. came up _____ at our discussion of current affairs.A. came outB. came upC.came through D. came upon80. You must go there quickly, __D. unless ______ you won't be back in time.A. elseB. or otherC.or else D. unlesscountry's economy ___ D. is built on ___ both agriculture and industry.A. has built upB. has built onC. isbuilt up D. is built onwas very happy when he left the classroom, _A. sure_ that he would do very well in the examination.A. sureB. being sureC.made sure D. making sureC. While he was walking ____along the street, a car hit him and ran away.A. WalkingB. WalkedC. While hewas walking D. While walkingbe a college teacher, you have to fulfill certain ___ B. academic _____ qualifications.A. practicalB. academicC.learned D. technicalauthor once taught a course ____ B. which was called __ "Self Reliance in a Technological Society".A. that had calledB. which was calledC. which calledD. that calledcouldn't see the ____D. point ____ of getting the couple to live together.A. gradeB. markC. scoreD. pointby his first successful novel, the young man was working _ C. on ___a new one.A. atB. inC. onD. toare made by shaping wet ___ A. clay ___ and then baking it to make it hard.A. clayB. earthC. soilD. dirtteachers think ___ D. keeping ____ diaries is a good way to learn English.A. makingB. takingC. castingD. keepingwell-known player is ____A. left____ out of his country's football team.A. leftB. feltC. comeD. madehead of the company ___ C. turned _____ out to be a twenty-year-old girl.A. madeB. tookC. turnedD. lookedother day we were boating on the river __ A. when ______ a storm came up.A. whenB. whileC.as D. wheretrain is ___ A. due ____ in Beijing at 10 a.m.A. dueB. sureC.early D. lateuntil after the First World War __C. did women gain ______ the right to vote.A. when women gainedB. that womengainedC. did women gainD. womengainedhe was in no hurry, he ____ B. took ___ his time at dinner.A. madeB. tookC.spent D. passedyou have told us ____C. confirms____ us in the view that this man cannot be trusted.A. complainsB. conductsC.confirms D. concludesmanager kept a ____ D. respectful ___ silence when the young man was giving his opinion about the company's plan for the new year.A. respectedB. respectableC.respective D. respectfulpersisted in spite of difficulties. ____ B. Eventually ____, he succeeded in getting what he wanted.A. TemporarilyB. EventuallyC.Nevertheless D. subsequentlymany university graduates have applied, I am afraid I do not _ D. stand a chance of getting the job.A. keepB. takeC.make D. standminister declared his ___ D. intention _____ to run for president.A. influenceB. interestC.instinct D. intentionPart II. Reading ComprehensionThere are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should read them carefully and decide on the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage 1If you are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of year. A noted scientist, Ellsworth Huntington, concluded from other men's work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have a definite effect on our mentalabilities.He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in summer.Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man's mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.Fall is the next-best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking.to the passage, man's intelligence __c. changes with the seasons_______.the same through the year from day to daywith the seasons from year to yearHuntington decided that climate and temperature have ___ B. some effect on most people's intelligence ______.A. a great effect on everyone's intelligenceB. some effect on most people's intelligenceC. some effect on a few people's intelligenceD. no effect on most people's intelligenceHuntington's conclusion was based on __results of research done by himself and other scientists among peoples in different .A.variations of his own mental abilities fromseason to seasonB.the results of research done by himself andother scientists among peoples in differentclimates.C.detailed records of temperature changes indifferent placesD.detailed records of different ways of thinkingamong peoples in different climatesdoes the author say summer is a good time to take a long vocation from thinking?B．Because people tend to be less creative during summerA.Because a long vocation in summer helps toimprove people's mental power.B.Because people tend to be less creative duringsummer.C.Because summer is a good time for outdooractivities.D.Because mental exertion in the summer heattaxes too much of people's energy.central idea of this passage is __ A. man's mental abilities change from season to season_____.A.man's mental abilities change from season toseasonB.man's intelligence varies from place to placeC.man should take a long vacation in summerD.if you want to do creative thinking, go to acool placePassage 2When I was about six years old, my mother came home one day and found that I had collected half a dozen babies of the neighborhood ---- all of them too young to walk ---- and had them sitting before me on the floor while I was teaching them to wave their arms. When she asked the explanation of this, I informed her that it was my school of dance. She was amused, and placing herself at the piano, she began to play for me. This school continued and became very popular. Later on, little girls of the neighborhood came and their parents paid me a small sum to teach them. This was the beginning of what afterwards proved a verylucrative occupation.My mother took me to a famous ballet teacher, but his lesson did not please me. When the teacher told me to stand on my toes, I asked him why, and when he replied "Because it is beautiful," I said that it was ugly and against nature and after the third lesson I left his class, never to return. This stiff and commonplace gymnastics which he called dancing only disturbed my dream. I dreamed of a different dance. I did not know just what it would be, but I was feeling out towards an invisible world into which I guessed I might enter if I found the key.My art was already in me when I was a little girl, and it was owing to the heroic and adventurous spirit of my mother that it was not stifled. I believed that whatever the child is going to do in life should be begun when it is very young. I wonder how many parents realize that by the so-called education they are giving their children, they are only driving them into the commonplace, and depriving them of any chance of doing anything beautiful or original.her mother came home one day, the narrator of the story __A. was teaching half a dozen babies to dance __.A.was teaching half a dozen babies to danceB.was teaching half a dozen babies to walkC.was collecting babies of the neighborhoodD.was making babies of the neighborhood sitbefore her on the floorattitude of the narrator's mother toward her school of dance was one of _ C. support .A. despiseB. contemptC.support D. indifferencenarrator thought that ballet was ____B. stiff, ugly and unnatural ______.A. the most graceful danceB. stiff, ugly and unnaturalC. a dance that she had dreamed ofD. an invisible world into which she guessed shemight enterto the narrator, she owed her success in art to __ support of her understanding and adventurous mother .A.the good education her parents gave herB.the support of her understanding andadventurous motherC.her inborn talentD.her ballet teachercentral idea of the passage is that ___A. parents should try to discover the natural gift in their children and help to develop it while they are young ____.A.parents should try to discover the natural gift intheir children and help to develop it while theyare youngB.the so-called good education parents give theirchildren only drives them into thecommonplace and deprives them of any chanceof doing anything originalC.mothers should be heroic and adventurousD.ballet is no good as a form of dancePassage 3Is vitamin E a cure for baldnessWill it cure acne（痤疮）Can it relieve the pain of arthritis or prevent ulcers These are only a few of the uses some people claim for vitamin E,but for many years no scientific proof has been possible for any of these claims.Vitamin E is not a rare substance by any means; it is present in vegetable oils and in grains,but in most diets the main source of vitamin E is leafy vegetables. Some vitamin E is lost in the cooking process, but not a really significant amount; a good balanced diet will, according to critics of “vitamin medicine”, supply all the vitamin E anyone needs.In animals, shortage of vitamin E causes sudden and obvious changes. Chickens deprived of vitamin E develop muscular weakness. Calves whose diets contain inadequate amounts of vitamin E develop heart disease. Rats who are deprived of vitamin E develop liver degeneration. Nor do they grow as quickly as healthy rats.But in humans, with one exception, there are no symptoms of any kind associated with a vitamin E deficiency. Premature infants who lack proper amounts of vitamin E sometimes develop anemia（贫血）or skin rashes, but any symptoms caused by this deficiency in adult humans are either too insignificant to appear in normal tests or are simply nonexistent. A study in Elgin, Illinois, followed subjects maintained on low vitamin E diets for six years and could discover no effects of the diet on the subjects at all.Some studies, such as a study performed by three Canadian doctors in the late 1940s, have found vitamin E helpful in treating specific diseases, such as angina pectoris, a type of heart disease. But other studies have tried to duplicate these findings and failed. So there is no absolutely undeniable evidence that vitamin E will prevent or cure disease.Claims for the cosmetic use of vitamin E continue to multiply, however. Creams and ointments containing vitamin E appear on the market almost daily, to help remove skin blemishes（瑕疵）, to soften dry skin, to control skin wrinkles. Vitamin E is even used in deodorants（除臭剂）. Vitamin E itself is a preservative, an antioxidant, so the producers’ thinking is that vitamin E will prevent odor by preventing bacteria from oxidizing perspiration. But no study or medical proof ever appeared to prove any of these cosmetic claims completely.You can add vitamin E pills to your morning routine if you like, but unfortunately no one has ever been able to demonstrate conclusively any reason why you should.1. The main idea of this passage is that _ C. most of the medical and cosmetic claims about vitamin E are not supported by research ____.A.taken as a preventive measure againstdisease, vitamin E can be harmfulB.although vitamin E has not been provedeffective in fighting disease, it does havesome cosmetic valueC.most of the medical and cosmetic claimsabout vitamin E are not supported byresearchD.advertisements are attempting to misleadthe public with their claims about vitamin 2. In animals, vitamin E deficiency is associatedwith all of the following disorders except _ B.diabetes___.A. heart diseaseB. diabetesC. liverdegeneration D. muscular weakness3. Which of the following conclusions is NOT supported by the passage? C. Vitamin E is more useful cosmetically than medicallyA.Vitamin E deficiency is less harmful tohumans than to other animal.B.Vitamin E may be helpful in treatingangina pectoris.C.Vitamin E is more useful cosmetically thanmedically.D.Vitamin E is fairly abundant in a balanceddiet.4. The passage suggests that _ B. the public regards vitamin E as a wonder drug____.A.little research has been done to protectconsumersB.the public regards vitamin E as a wonderdrugC.advertising is basically a business ofdeceptionD.some research that has been reported hasbeen proved false5. As used in this passage, the word “degeneration” means __ B. deterioration ____.A. ailmentB. deteriorationC. devianceD. maturationPassage 4A summary of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin, not on the Earth, but in the Sun; in fact, at the Sun’s very center. It is here that is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun constantly pours out into space as light and heat. This energy is liberated at the center of the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei of hydrogen atoms collide with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium, and, in doing so, release some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. The output of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 million tons of hydrogen be converted into helium in the Sun every second. This the Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years.The nuclear energy is released at the Sun’s center as high-energy gamma radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation like light and radio waves, only very much shorter wavelength. This gamma radiation is absorbed by atoms inside the Sun, to be remitted at slightly longer wavelengths. This radiation, in its turn, is absorbed and remitted. As the energy filters through the layers of the solar interior, it passes through the X-ray part of the spectrum, eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached what we can do to the solar surface, and can escape into space, without being absorbed further by solar atoms. A very small fraction of the Sun’s light and heat is emitted in such directions that, after passing unhindered through interplanetary space, it hits the Earth. (268 words) does the passage mainly discuss?production of solar light and heat. physical and chemical nature of life.conversion of hydrogen to helium. in the X-ray part of the spectrum.to the passage, energy is released in the Sun when_____.atoms bind with each other. radiation escapes from the spectrum.is absorbed by helium. of hydrogen atoms collide.passage indicates that, in comparison to radio waves, gamma wave_____.A. are not as long.B. producelouder sound.C. are less magnetic.D. do notform in the Sun’s centre.to the passage, through which of the following is the energy released in the Sun pass before it becomes light?A. Electromagnetic space.B. Thesolar surface.C. The X-ray part of the spectrum.D.Interplanetary space.can be inferred from the passage that the Sun’s light travels _____.solid objects in space. many different directions.。

大工13春《大学英语3》辅导资料一大学英语3辅导资料一主题：对Unit 1的重点单词、短语的讲解学习时间：2013年3月30日－4月7日内容：NEW WORDS (对课文重点单词的解释)1. absorb vt. 吸收e.g. Plants absorb nutrients from the soil.（植物从土壤中吸收养分。

）Black objects absorb heat more.（黑色的物体吸热多。

）[补充] absorb还有“理解、掌握”的意思。

e.g. I haven’t really had time to absorb everything that he said.（事实上我还没有时间弄懂他说的一切。

）2. achieve v. 实现，取得，达到e.g. His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve success.（他的懒惰使他不可能成功。

）He will never achieve anything if he doesn't work hard.（他如果不努力工作就永远不会有所成就。

）3. attend v. 参加，出席e.g. Only 7 people attended the meeting.（只有7个人参加会议。

）Please let us know if you are unable to attend.（如你不能出席，请通知我们。

）[搭配] attend to意为“处理，料理（生意或个人事务）”e.g. I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.（我也许会迟到，我有一两件事要处理。

）4. comprehend v. 理解、领悟e.g. Even scientists do not comprehend these phenomena.（即使是科学家也不理解这些现象。

第一单元课前10个句子1.I have moved to the countryside recently, and I feel quite at home in the new surroundings.2. At the back of my cottage, many kinds of wildflowers were in full bloom, a variety of which I couldn’t name.3. John enjoyed a peaceful life in the countryside in his retirement, and he didn’t want it to be disturbed.4. In the countryside, stores of grain are attacked frequently by pests, especially rats.5. Human love is often compared to a rose, for like the flower, it blossoms and it withers .6.Many people think that to be close to nature is a romantic thing; but how about finding a snake creeping into your tent at midnight?7. When they became fed up with the routine of life in the small town, they moved to another place. They became migrants.8. People need religious faith to carry on life when one misfortune after another befalls them. 、9. In the past, the country people were often superstitious and talked about ghosts and specters (幽灵) when they encountered something mysterious.10. Since cities are quite developed now, it is high time that the government made the coun-tryside prosperous.短语in harmony with: 和谐，一致，相配delight one’s eye:赏心悦目come into bloom: 鲜花盛开as though: 好像，仿佛apply to : 使用词汇填空organism stark vernacular surroundingsPatch spell misfortune film1. Culture shock is generated by the anxiety that results from losing one's familiar signs of social interaction in new ___________.2. Chemicals sprayed on forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living __________..3 This black dog looks very cute with a white __ ____ on its neck.4 The landscape is gray and ______ in northern China in winter.5. After several people were stricken by a strange illness, there was rumor that the town was under a _____ _.6. My friend complained that it is a _________ to live in a polluted world..7 There is a ______ of oil on the surface of the river..8 One difficulty about moving to the countryside is that you might feel at sea with the natives’_________.Translationa variety of come into bloom stark spectercold and clear chorus creep grimin harmony with surroundings1.你能够想像一个一年大多数的时间里都听不到鸟儿的合唱，看不到盛开的鲜花，尝不到清冽的水的地方吗？Could you imagine a place where no chorus of birds was heard, no flowers were seen in full bloom and no cold and clear water was available through much of the year?2.在我们的周围，环境污染的幽灵已经悄悄逼近了我们：沙漠化(desertification)、沙尘暴、酸雨以及一些珍稀物种的灭绝等等。

《大学英语3》综合复习资料《大学英语3》综合复习资料期末考试题型：I. Use of English (10%) 完成会话，共10题，每题1分II. Reading Comprehension (30%) 阅读理解，共三篇文章，15题，每题2分III. Vocabulary and Structure (20%) 词汇与语法，共20题，每题1分IV. Cloze T est (10%) 完型填空，共5题，每题2分V. T ranslation (15%) 英译汉，共5题，每题3分VI. Writing (15%) 写作，一篇命题作文，15分I. Use of EnglishDirections:In this part, there are 20incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. —Are you from Italy?—____________.A. Yes, we areB. No, we don’tC. No, I don’tD. No, we won’t2. —Thanks for your help.—____________.A. Quite rightB. Never mindC. My pleasureD. Don’t thank me3. —Do you think this is a nice place?A. That’s rightB. Y ou’re rightC. No, it’s not hereD. Y es, I think so4. —Paul, ____________?—Oh, that’s my father! And beside him, my mother.A. what is the person over thereB. who’s talking over thereC. what are they doingD. which is that5. —Hi, Tom, how’s everything with you?—____________, and how are you?A. Don’t mention itB. Hm, not too badC. ThanksD. Pretty fast6. —____________—Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week.A. When did your parents arrive at Paris?B. How long have your parents been in Paris?C. Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday?D. When will your parents go to Paris?7. —How often do you go dancing?—____________A. I will go dancing tomorrow.B. Y esterday.C. Every other day.D. I’ve been dancing for a year.8. —Y ou know, I have three kids now.A. Well, I’ve grown a mustache.B. That’s terrific!C. Say, you’ve really changed your hai r.D. Well, I gave up drinking.9. —How about going to dinner at the Mexican restaurant tonight?—____________A. Forget it.B. Sorry, I like Mexican food.C. That’s great!D. Glad you like it.10. —Madam, do all the buses go downtown?—____________A. Wow, you got the idea.B. No, never mind.C. Pretty well, I guess.D. Sorry, I’m new here.11. —Could you help me with my physics, please?—____________A. No, no way.B. No, I couldn’tC. No, I can’t.D. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.12. —Could I speak to Don Watkins, please?—____________A. I’m listeningB. Oh, how are you?C. Speaking, please.D. I’m Don.13. —Could I borrow your car for a few days?—____________A. Yes, you may borrow.B. Y es, go on.C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.14. —Thank you for inviting me.—____________A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’s too lateC. Oh, so slowly?D. Thank you for coming15. —May I see your tickets, please?—____________A. No, they are mine.B. Sure.C. No, you can’t.D. Y es, you can.16. — Would you like to have dinner with me this Saturday, Mr. Wang?—_____.A. Oh, no. Let’s notB. I’d rat her stay at homeC. I’d love to, but I have a meeting that dayD. Thank you17. —Excuse me, is there a park here？—_____.—Thank you all the same.A. I don’t want to tell youB. Yes, there isC. No, there isn’tD. Sorry, I don’t know18. —Mike, I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow.—Oh, really？_____.A. Good luckB. Have a good timeC. Thank youD. Congratulations19. —I am sorry for what I have said to you.—_____.A. It’s just too badB. No problemC. I’m sur e about thatD. Don’t think any more about it20.—I wonder if I could use your dictionary？—Sure. _____.A. Here you areB. Go onC. Go upD. Here are youII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 8passages in this part.Passage 1-4is followed by True or False questions .For each of them there are 2 choices marked A and B. Passage 5-8 is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Mr. White lived in a small village. His parents hadn't enough money to send him to school. He had to help them to dosomething in the fields. But he didn't like to live in the poor plac e. When he was sixteen, he got to the town and found work in a factory. Three years later he became tall and strong. So he was sent to Africa as a soldier. He stayed there for five years and got some money. Then he came back to England and bought a shop in a small town. No people in the town went to Africa except him. And he hoped they thought he was a famous man and that they could respect him. The children often asked him to tell them some stories and his life in Africa.One day a few children asked him to tell them something about the animals in Africa. He told them how he fought with the tigers and elephants. His stories surprised them all and some policemen and workers went to listen to him. It made him happier. Just a man who taught geography in a middle school passed there. He stopped to listen to him for a while and then said, "Could you please tell us a rare animal, sir?""Certainly," said Mr. Turner. "One day I met a rhinoceros（犀牛）by a river…""Please wait a minute, sir," said the man. "There aren't any rhinoceros in Africa at all!""It's rare just because there aren't any!"1. Mr. White was born in a farmer's family.A. TB. F2. Mr. White hoped to be respected because he was the richest man in their town.A. TB. F3. The children often asked him to tell them something interesting because he knew more than any other person in thetown.A. TB. F4. All people believed Mr. White except the children.A. TB. F5. Mr. White wouldn't like to admit that he was wrong.A. TB. FPassage 2Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s.King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent resistance. Having received a Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) from Boston University, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 Americans on a march in Washington D.C. to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech "I Have a Dream" before the Lincoln Memorial. The "dream" is a dream of brotherly love and equality for the Black and White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later.Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in Luther King's honor. He lives in people's hearts forever.1. Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39 years old.A. TB. F2. Martin Luther King was a black minister only.A. TB. F3. Martin Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years.A. TB. F4. The underlined word "delivered" in the second paragraph could be replaced by "gave".A. TB. F5. The best title for this passage is "Civil Rights Law".A. TB. FPassage 3If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over forests for thousands of kilometers. These great forests are the oceans of trees. There are thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animals.However, the world's forests are getting smaller all the time. We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say that there will not be any forests like these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world. In a lot of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhapsthe climate of the world will change. This will be dangerous for everyone in the world. That is why we must take care of our forests.1. The passage mainly tells us about the importance of taking care of plants.A. TB. F2. Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.A. TB. F3. The need for more wood and more land help to protect our forests.A. TB. F4. We'll have more and greater forests in 20 or 30 years in some people's view.A. TB. F5. The writer thinks it necessary to protect the forests.A. TB. FPassage 4What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important foryoung children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as "That was a very clever thing you did." or "You are sucha smart child."1. The word "intelligent" in the 1st paragraph probably mean bright.A. TB. F2. According to the context we can guess that a genius is a normal person while an idiot is a funny person.A. TB. F3. A person born with a good brain and putting it into active use is more likely to become a genius.A. TB. F4. It is better for parents to praise and encourage their children more often.A. TB. F5. Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how youlive.A. TB. FPassage 5The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government was badly run and people’s lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troops to V ersailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14, 1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792 to get support from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy was abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie also had her head cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte.1. What’s this passage about?A. France.B. King Louis.C. The French Revolution.D. Europe.2. Which did not happen in 1789?A. The French Revolution broke out.B. The national economy was developing rapidly.C. The government wasn’t well run.D. King Louis XIV was in power.3. Where were the political prisoners kept?A. In V ersailles.B. In Austria.C. In Prussia.D. In Bastille.4. What does the underlined word “abolished” mean?A. Put off.B. Established.C. United.D. Ended.5. What was NOT the effect of the Revolution?A. July 14 has become the French National Day.B. It brought some impact on the other European Kings.C. Louis’s wife, Marie was killed.D. The king tried to control the national parliament.Passage 6Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she was thinking all about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales（称）. Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage.“What’s wrong with this girl?”He said, “Why doesn’t she hurry up?” He moved forward and placed his bag o n thecounter, hoping to check in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat.Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why can’t you give me a hand with my luggage?”The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.1. Maria’s story happened ________.A. when she was leaving AmericaB. on her way back to Santo DomingoC. before she left the USAD. when she arrived at the airport2. Y ou believer that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to _______ at the airport.A. help carry people’s luggageB. ask people to pick up the luggageC. check people’s luggageD. take care of people’s luggage3. “Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be _______.A. surprisedB. sadC. unhappyD. sorry4. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around felt _______.A. worried about MariaB. worried about the manC. sorry for Maria’s mannersD. sorry for the man’s manners5. The author mentioned Maria’s age at the beginning of the story in order to show that _________.A. she was young but behaved properlyB. she would not have left home aloneC. everyone around her was wrongD. it was not good that nobody offered to help herPassage 7Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1990 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of year. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.1. What’s the meaning for the word “parchment”? ____________A. The skin of young animals.B. A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals.C. The paper used by European countries.D. The paper of Egypt.2. Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper? ____________A. More jobs could be provided than before.B. More people could be educated than before.C. More books could be printed and distributed.D. More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.3. When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely? ____________A. Around 1400.B. Around 1900.C. Around 400.D. Around 900.4. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year? ____________A. ChinaB. SwedenC. EgyptD. Japan5. What is the main idea of this short talk? ____________A. More and more paper is being consumed nowadays.B. Paper enables people to receive education more easily.C. The invention of paper is of great significance to man.D. Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records.Passage 8It has been reported that in colleges across the United States, the daytime serial drama known as the soap opera has suddenly become “in”. Between the hours of 11 a. m. and 4:30 p. m., college television lounges are filled with soap opera fans who can’t wait to see the next episode in the lives of their favorite characters.Actually, soaps are more than a college favorite; they’re a youth favorite. When school is out, high-school students are in front of their TV sets. One young working woman admitted that she turned down a higher paying job rather than give up watching her favorite serials. During the 1960’s, it was uncommon for young people to watch soap operas. The mood of the sixties was very different from now. It was a time of seriousness, and talk was about social issues of great importance.Now, seriousness has been replaced by fun. Y oung people want to be happy. It may seem strange that they should turn to soap opera, which is known for showing trouble in people’s lives. But soap opera is enjoyment. Y oung people can identify with the soap opera character, who, like the college-age viewer, is looking for happy love, and probably not finding it. And soap opera gives young people a chance to feel close to people without having to bear any responsibility for their problems.1. What is soap opera?A. Plays based on science fiction stories.B. Plays based on non-fiction stories.C. The daytime serial dramas on TV.D. Popular documentary films on TV.2. What can be the best title of the passage?A. College student viewers.B. Favorite TV serials.C. Soap opera fans.D. College-age viewers.3. Which is NOT the reason why the soap opera has suddenly become “in”among American young people?A. Because the viewers want to be happy and to enjoy themselves.B. Because the soap opera makes young people feel close to their people.C. Because the viewers can find themselves in the soap opera characters.D. Because the young people have to bear the responsibilities for their troubles.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. College students like soap operas more than any other social groups.B. Y oung people of sixties like soap operas more than people today.C. Y oung viewers have turned themselves from the seriousness of sixties to enjoyment now.D. The young as a whole are trying to look for happy love but in vain.5. What message does the author want to convey to us?A. The people’s favorites to drama works have been changed for a long time.B. The people’s favorites to drama works change along with the times.C. The people’s favorites to drama works is changed by the soap opera.D. The people’s favorites have c hanged the drama works.III. Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 40incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. They felt inferior ______ the others until the team’s international success made them proud ofthemselves.A. thanB. forC. withD. to2. He raised his arms to ______ his face from the blow.A. protestB. protectC. preventD. keep3. If no one _____ the phone at home, ringing me at work.A. repliesB. receivesC. answersD. returns4. The young man had _____ great hardships before he grew into a real army man.A. undergoneB. underestimatedC. underlinedD. undertaken5. He did not paint to make money; he did it _____ art.A. for the sake ofB. for lack ofC. because ofD. on behalf of6. His old car ______ much gasoline.A. costB. spentC. consumedD. paid7. Air and water are ______ to life.A. preferableB. irreplaceableC. acceptableD. indispensable8. Is this museum ______ you visited a few days ago?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one9. I doubt ______ he will lend you the book.A. whetherB. whenC. thatD. which10. Hans has a new car. I wonder when ______ it.A. he boughtB. did he buyC. buysD. he is buying11. Is this the place ______ the exhibition was held?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one12. Y oung ______ John was, he was able to swim across the channel within minutes.A. asB. soC. throughD. although13. The higher the standard of living, ______.A. the greater is the amount of paper is usedB. the greater amount of paper is usedC. the amount of paper is used is greaterD. the greater the amount of paper is used14. Not until quite recently ______ what had happened at school.A. will I knowB. I had knownC. I didn’t knowD. did I know15. We hurried to the cinema, only ______ the film had begun.A. findingB. foundC. to findD. to have found16. I have forgotten the title of the film, but m aybe it’ll ______ me later.A. get toB. arrive atC. go toD. come to17. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be18. As the case is very complicated, the head of the police will ______ the investigation.A. take care ofB. take hold ofC. take charge ofD. take advantage of19. As a part-time job, I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college ______.A. scopeB. scheduleC. vacationD. vocation20. She is a very kind woman, loyal ______ her friends, intelligent and amusing.A. ofB. forC. onD. to21. Traveling abroad will broaden your ______ and help you to understand the world.A. rangeB. sightC. horizonD. vision22. People under stress ______ to develop their full range of potential.A. tendB. intendC. attendD. pretend23. ______ the time we finish our studies, we have to find our jobs.A. AtB. ByC. ForD. Until24. Never before ______ won gold medals in the Olympic Games.A. have so many Chinese athletesB. so many Chinese athletes haveC. have such many Chinese athletesD. such many Chinese athletes have25. ______ only five minutes to finish the task.A. I cost meB. It required meC. It took meD. It needed me26. This is ______ I want to tell you.A. itB. whatC. whichD. whom27. Can you find out ______ her pen?A. where Alice had putB. where had Alice putC. where Alice has putD. where has Alice put28. It makes no difference to me ______ he will come or not.A. howB. whyC. whenD. whether29. ______ we need more practice is quite clear.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. When30．The machine is such ______ I have never seen before.A. WhatB. whenC. asD. where31. They ______ the sports games from March 5th to March 19th because of the high temperature.A. postponedB. cancelledC. laidD. revised32. That is the reason ______ the expansion of liquid takes place at the surface.A. for thatB. whichC. whereD. why33. If I had the money, I ______ that beautiful dress in the window.A. would buyB. will buyC. had boughtD. may buy34. Working conditions in the factory are _____ few workers stay longer than three months.A. thatB. such thatC. so thatD. so35. All of us were ______ that the man could walk on his hands.A. amazingB. annoyingC. amazedD. annoyed36. Fred turned his head, trying to ________ breathing in the smoke.A. refuseB. avoidC. objectD. expect37. Computers can only give out ______ has been stored in them.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where38. The directors have a meeting every Friday, ______ there is nothing to discuss.A. ifB. in caseC. whenD. unless39. His English is very good. He can speak English better than ______ in his grade.A. any oneB. the oneC. anyone elseD. other student40. You'd better ______in bed. It's bad for your eyes.A. not to readB. not readC. don't readD. readIV. Cloze T estDirections: There are 4 closes this part. There are 5 blanks and five choices marked A, B, C, D and E in each cloze. You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the blank and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Cloze 1Many people would agree that stress is a major problem in modern life. It is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses, 1 backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.Many of us think 2 stress as something that other people impose on us. We often complain about how other people put us 3 pressure. But we should try not to let such pressure affectus. We should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take 4 more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to 5 our limitations. We should be aware of which things are really important and which are not.A. ofB. underC. acceptD. fromE. onCloze2Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built fifty years ago. At that time, zoos were places 1 people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages that were made 2 concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean. Unfortunately for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was anything but natural. 3 the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill.In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more 4 in large areas so that they can live more comfortably as they would in nature. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow5 the areas that animals live in.A. ofB. AlthoughC. whereD. overE. freedomCloze 3The world is not only hungry, it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is seawater, 1 salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% of the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other 2 .And we can't even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.However, as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water, which is constantly being replaced by rainfall, is still enough for us. But our need 3 water is increasing rapidly - almost day by day. We all have to learn how to stop wasting our precious water. One of the first steps we should 4 is to develop ways of reusing it.Experiments have already been done in this 5 , but only on a small scale. The systems that have been worked out resemble those used in spacecraft.A. takeB. orC. sourcesD. forE. caseCloze 4Man can't go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the next 30 years man will face a period of crisis. 1 experts believe that there will be a widespread food shortage. Other experts think this is too pessimistic（悲观的）, and man can。

英语三级复习资料（词汇表、重点词组、必考语法）一、英语三级词汇表 (2)A (2)B (6)C (9)D (16)E (20)F (23)G (27)H (29)I (32)J (34)K (34)L (35)M (37)N (40)O (41)P (43)Q (49)R (49)S (52)T (60)U (64)V (65)W (66)Y (68)Z (68)二、英语三级重点词组 (69)三、英语三级必考语法 (80)一、英语三级词汇表Aa(an) art.一，一个，每个；(同类事物中的)任何一个abandon n.放任v.放弃；抛弃；离弃abdomen n.腹（部）abide v.遵守，服从；承受；忍受ability n.能力，本领；才能，技能able adj.能(够)，会；能干的；聪明的about prep.关于，对于，涉及；在…周围(附近) above prep.在…之上(上面)；(数目、价格等)大于；高于abroad adv.出国，在国外abrupt adj.突然的；出其不意的；陡峭的；（举止、言谈等）唐突的；鲁莽的absence n.缺席，不在；缺席的时间，外出期；缺乏，不存在absent adj.缺席的，不在的；缺乏的absolute adj.十足的；完全的，绝对的；专制的absorb vt.吸收，汲取；吸引abstract adj.抽象的n.摘要，梗概vt.提练，取出absurd adj.愚蠢的；荒唐的abundant adj.大量的，充足的；丰富的，富裕的abuse v.辱骂；滥用；虐待n.辱骂；滥用；虐待academic adj.院校的；学术的；纯理论的accelerate v.加速；促进accent n.重音；口音accept v.承认；接受access n.进入；通道accident n.故事；意外事件accidental adj.意外的；偶然的accommodate v.容纳；向…提供；使适应，顺应accommodation(s) n.住宿accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；为…伴奏；伴随，和…一起发生accomplish vt.完成；做…成功according(to) prep. 根据…，按照；据…所说，按…所载account n.账（目，户）；叙述，说明vi.说明，解释（原因等）accurate adj.准确的，精确的；正确无误的accuse v.控告；指责accustom v.使…习惯，使…适应于ache n. & v.疼痛achieve v.实现，完成；达到，得到acid adj.酸的，酸味的；尖刻的，刻薄的n.酸，酸性物质acquaint v.使认识；使了解acquaintance n.相识的人，熟人；相识；熟悉acquire v. 取得，得到；学到acre n.英亩；土地，耕地，地产；大量acrobat n.杂技演员；立场观点善变的人across prep.横穿，穿过；在…对面act n.行为，做事v.扮演，行动，起作用action n.行动；行为；作用active adj.积极的，活跃的，起作用的，主动的activity n.活动；活跃，能动性actor n.男演员actress n.女演员actual adj.实际的，真实的，事实上的AD 公元ad(=advertisement) n.广告adapt v.（使）适应，适合；改编，改写add v.加，增加addition n.（增）加，加法；增加（物）additional adj.附加的，另外的，额外的address n.地址，住址；演说，讲话v.在（信封和包裹上）写姓名地址，向…作正式讲话，对…发表演说，称呼adequate adj.充分的，足够的；恰当的adhere vi.坚持；胶着，粘附adjective n.形容词adj.形容词的adjust v.调节，改变…以适应；校正，调整administration n.管理；行政机关；（总统制国家）政府admire v.钦佩，欣赏；称赞，夸奖；想要，喜欢admit v.承认，供认；准许…进入，接纳adopt v.收养；采用，采纳；正式通过adult adj.成年的，已成熟的n.成年人advance v.前进，进展；推进，促进；把…提前n.前进，进展advanced adj.先进的，高级的，现代（化）的advantage n.有利条件，优点；好处，利益adventure n.冒险（性），冒险活动；异乎寻常的经历，奇遇advertise v.做广告advice n.劝告，忠告，意见advise v.劝告，忠告，向…提供意见；建议；通知adviser n.顾问affair n.事情，事件；事务；（个人的）事affect v.影响；感动affection n.喜爱；慈爱；钟爱之情，感情afford v.买得起，负担得起；提供，给予afraid adj.恐惧的，害怕的；遗憾的，恐怕的Africa n.非洲African n.非洲人adj.非洲（人）的after prep.在…以后，在…后面adv.以后，后来conj.在…后afternoon n.下午afterward(s) adv.后来；以后again adv.再一次，又一次；而且，再则against prep.逆，反对，违反；倚在，紧靠着；以…为背景（或衬托）；…而…；在…的对面age n.年龄；成年，老年；寿命；时代，时期；很长一段时间v.（使）显老；（使）变陈旧；（使）老化agency n.媒介；代理处agent n.代理人；代理商ago adv.以前，…之前agony n.痛苦，苦恼agree v.同意，赞同；答应；相符；适合agreement n.协定，协议；同意；一致agricultural adj.农业的agriculture n.农业；农学ahead adv.在前面；向前aid n.援助，救护；助手，辅助物，辅助设备v.帮助，援助，救援aim vi.瞄准，针对；目的在于，旨在n.目标，目的；瞄准，对准air n.空气，大气v.通风，晾干，使公开aircraft n.航空器；飞机；飞船airline n.航线；航空公司airmail n.航空邮政；航空邮件airplane(=areoplane) n.飞机airport n.机场，航空站alarm n.惊恐，惊慌；警报v.使惊恐，惊动，惊吓；向…报警alcohol n.酒精；含酒精的饮料alert adj.惊醒的，警觉的n.警报；警戒（状态），戒备（状态）v.使警觉alike adj.相同的，相似的，很像的adv.相同地，一样地alive adj.活着的；有活力的，活跃的all adj.所有的，一切的；整个的，全部的adv.完全地，很，极度地，尽量地n.全体；一切allied adj.联合的，同盟的allow v.允许，准许；让…得到，许可；ally n.同盟者，同盟国v.结成同盟almost adv.几乎；差不多alone adj.单独的，孤独的；单单，仅adv.单独地，独自地；仅仅，只along adv.向前；一起，一道prep.沿着alongside adv.并排地prep.在…旁边；靠着aloud adv.出声地，大声地already adv.已经also adv.同样，也，而且alter v.变样；改动，改变alternate adj.轮流的；交替的；预备的n.代理人，替换物v.交替，轮流although conj.虽然；尽管altogether adv.完全地，全部地；总共；总之always adv.总是；始终，一直am v.be动词的第一人称单数现在式A.M.(=a.m.) abbr.上午；午前amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕，使惊叹ambassador n.大使ambiguous adj.模棱两可的ambition n.雄心，野心，抱负；企望得到的东西ambitious adj.有野心的；劲头十足的，雄心勃勃的ambulance n.救护车America n.美洲；美国American adj.美洲（人）的，美国（人）的n.美洲人；美国人among(st) prep.在…之中，在…中间amount n.数量，总额vi.合计，总共达；等于ample adj.充分的，充裕的；宽敞的，宽大的amuse vt.使开心，使发笑；给…提供娱乐amusement n.（C）娱乐，消遣；（U）开心，愉悦，乐趣analysis n.分析；解析analyze(=analyse) v.分析，解析ancient adj.古代的；古老的n.古时的人；老年人and conj.和angel n.天使；可爱的人anger n.怒；愤怒v.使发怒；激怒angle n.角；角度angry adj.愤怒的，生气的；（风、雨等）狂暴的animal n.动物adj.动物的，动物制成的anniversary adj.周年的n.周年纪念日announce v.宣布，宣告；声称，述说annoy v.使生气，使烦恼annual adj.每年的；年度的n.年报；年鉴another adj.又一的，再一的；另一的，别的pron.再一个，另一个answer n.回答，复信；答案，解决办法v.回答；答复ant n.蚁anxiety n.焦虑，挂念，担心，不安；渴望anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的，焦急的；渴望的any adj.一些，什么；任何的，任一的pron.无论哪个，无论哪些；一个，一些anybody pron.任何人anyhow adv.无论如何anyone pron.任何人anything pron.任何事情；任何东西anyway adv.无论如何；至少anywhere adv.任何地方，无论哪里；随便什么地方apart adv.拆开；分离，分开；相距，相隔apartment n.一套（公寓）房间apologize(=apologise) v.道歉；认错apology n.[C]道歉；认错apparent adj.明显的，清楚的，显而易见的；表面上的appeal n.要求，呼吁；感染力；对…有吸引力；申诉v.吸引力；上诉；肯求appear v.出现，露面，来到；看来好像，似乎appearance n.出现，出场，露面；外观，外貌，外表appendix n.（书末的）附录appetite n.食欲，胃口；欲望，爱好，要求applaud v.喝彩，称赞；鼓掌application n.应用，适用；申请书，申请；施用，敷用；涂抹apply v.适用，适合；应用，运用；敷用，涂抹appoint v.任命，委任；约定；下定，制令（法律等）appointment n.约定，约会；任命，选派；委派的职位appreciate vt.感激；鉴赏，欣赏，赏识；明白，充分了解approach vt.靠近，接近，临近；对付，处理n.接近，靠近；方法，途径，态度approval n.赞同；批准approve v.通过，批准；称许，赞成April n.四月apt adj.易于…的；聪明的，善于…的；恰当的Arabian adj.阿拉伯的n.[C]阿拉伯人arch n.[C]拱，拱门，弓形结构v.（使）成弓形；用拱连接architect n.建筑师，设计师；设计者，策划者architecture n.建筑学，建筑式样；结构arctic adj.北极的；极为寒冷的n.[单数]北极；北极地区are v.be的现在式第一、第二、第三人称复数area n.面积；地区，区域；领域，范围argue vi.争论，争吵，争辩vt.辩论；极力说服argument n.辩论，争论；论据，论点arise v.起来，开起；出现；由…引起arm n.臂，前肢；[常用复数]武器v.武装，装备army n.[C]陆军，[总称]军队around prep.在…四周，围绕；在…各处，遍及adv.在周围，到处；附近arouse v.唤醒，惊醒；引起，激起arrange v.整理，分类；安排；商定，约定arrest v.& n.（U）逮捕，扣留arrival n.（U）到达，抵达；（C）到达者或物arrive v.到达，到来；来临arrow n.箭；箭号；箭状物art n.美术，艺术；技术，技艺；文科article n.文章，论文；（物品）的一件，物品，商品；条款，条文artificial adj.人造的；人工的；假的artist n.艺术家；美术家as conj.当…的时候，随着…；照…的方式，如同；因为，由于；为了；尽管，虽然；prep.像…；作为，如同adv.同样，一样ash n.灰（烬）ashamed adj.惭愧的；羞耻的；害臊的ashore adv.在岸上；在陆上；登陆Asia n.亚洲Asian adj.亚洲的，亚洲人的n.亚洲人aside adv.到（向）一边；在旁边ask v.问；询问；请求；要求（得到）索（价）asleep adj.睡着的aspect n.模样，面貌；方位，方向；方面；（动词的）体assemble v.聚集，集合；装配，组装assembly n.集会，集合，会议；装配assert v.断言，宣称，维护assignment n.分配，指定；（分派的）任务assist v.帮助，援助；出席assistance n.帮助；援助assistant n.助手；助理；助教associate adj.合伙的；副的n.合伙人；同事v.交往，结交；使发生联系，联想association n.协会，团体；联合，合作，交往；联想assume vt.假定，设想；承担，采取assure vt.使确信，使有信心；保证，担保astonish v.使惊讶at prep.在…里，在…上，靠近…；向，朝；[时间上]在；从事于，忙于；在…方面；[价格、速度等]以；达Atlantic adj.大西洋的n.[单数]大西洋atmosphere n.大气，空气；大气层；气氛，环境atom n.原子attach v.缚，系，贴；附加；隶属attack v.攻击，进攻，抨击n.攻击，进攻，抨击；（疾病）发作attain vt.（长期努力后）达到，获得attempt n.企图，尝试，努力v.企图，试图，试图做attend v.出席，参加；看管，照料，关心attendant adj.在场的，出席的；伴随的n.待者；仆人；服务人员attention n.注意，关心；[军]立正姿势，立正口令attentive adj.注意的，留心的；关心的，体贴的attitude n.态度，看法；姿势，姿态attorney n.代理人；律师attract v.吸引；引起…的注意attractive adj.迷人的；有吸引力的attribute vt.把…归于；认为是…的结果n.属性，品质，特征audience n.听众，观众，读者August n.八月（略作Aug.）aunt n.姑母；姨母；伯母；婶母；舅母aural adj.气味的；听觉的，听力的Australia n.澳大利亚Australian adj.澳大利亚的n.澳大利亚人author n.作者；作家authority n.权力，职权；权威；当局，官方auto（全作automobile）n.汽车autumn n.秋天available adj.可用的，可得到的；可会见的，可交谈的avenue n.林荫道；大街average adj.平均的；平常的；普通的n.平均数；平均avoid v.避免，回避，躲开；防止发生await v.等待着；等候awake adj.醒着的v.醒，（使）觉醒，唤醒；意识到award n.奖，奖品vt.授予，奖给aware adj.[表]意识到的，知道的away adv.远离，离开；离…多远（多久）；消失，用完awful adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的；威严的；很坏的，糟糕的awfully adv.非常，很，令人敬畏地awkward adj.使用不便的；笨拙的，不熟练的；尴尬的ax(e) n.斧子Bbaby n.婴儿；幼畜，雏鸟；年龄最小的人back n.背面，背部；后部，后面；朝后面，在后面v. 使后退；支持background n.出身背景，经历；背景资料；后景，背景；花色的底子backward(s) adv.在后；向后；倒；逆bacon n.咸猪肉；熏猪肉bad adj.坏的，差的；恶的，邪恶的；严重的，厉害的；不利的，不好的；腐败的，腐烂的badly adv.坏，差；邪恶地，罪恶地；不利地，有害地；严重地，非常badminton n.羽毛球bag n.书包，提包；口袋baggage n.行李bake v.烘，焙，烤bakery n.面包房，糕饼店balance v.使平衡，均衡n.天平，秤；平衡，均衡；差额；结余，余款bald adj.秃的；无毛的；无叶的ball n. 球，球状物；（正规的）大型舞会balloon n.吹气球banana n. 香蕉band n.带，条；条纹；乐队；波段；群，伙，帮bandage n.绷带；v.用绷带包扎bang n.猛击；猛撞；砰砰的声音v.猛敲；猛撞；砰地关上或敲打bank n. 银行，库；堤，岸vt.以…为根据bankrupt adj.破产的；缺乏（某种美德）v.使破产banner n.旗（帜）；横幅bar n.条；杆；棒；酒吧间v.阻挡；拦住barber n.理发师；v.为…理发剃须bare adj.赤裸的，光秃的，空的；稀少的，微小的，仅有的；最低限度的barely adv.赤裸裸地；公开地；仅仅；勉强；几乎没有bargain n.（买卖等双方的）协定，交易；特价商品，便宜的东西v.讲价，讨价还价bark v.吠叫n.吠声，狗叫声barn n.谷仓；牲口棚barrel n.桶；枪管，炮管base n.基，底baseball n.棒球basement n.地下室basic adj.基础的；基本的；根本的basin n.盆，脸盆；盆地，流域basis n.基础；主干；根据basket n.筐，篮，篓basketball n. 篮球bat n.蝙蝠；球拍；球棒v.用棒球（拍）打球bath n.洗澡，浴；浴缸，浴室bathe v.洗澡，给…洗澡bathroom n.浴室；厕所battery n.电池（组）；炮兵连；一批，一连串battle n.战役，战斗；奋斗，斗争v.战斗，斗争bay n.海湾BC abbr.公元前be v.[与动词的现在分词连用，构成进行时态]；[与及物动词的过去分词连用，构成被动语态]；是，成为；发生，存在，有；[用于祈使句]要，得beach n.海滩，沙滩beam n.（光线的）束，柱v.微笑，发光bean n.[常用复数]豆，菜豆，蚕豆bear n. 熊；粗鲁的人，笨拙的人v.（过去式bore，过去分词born或borne）忍受；承担，负担；支撑，承受；生（孩子），结（果实）beard n.胡须beast n.兽，牲畜；凶残的人；兽性beat vt.打，敲；打败，做得更好vi.打，敲；（心脏等）跳动beautiful adj.美丽的，美好的beauty n.美丽，优美；美人，美的东西because conj. 因为become(became, become) vi.变得，变成vt.适宜，同…相称bed n.床；花坛；河床，矿床bedroom n.卧室，寝室bee n.蜜蜂beef n. 牛肉beer n.啤酒before prep. & conj.在…以前adv.以前，从前beg v.乞讨，乞求；请求，恳求begin （began；begun）v.开始beginner n.生手；初学者；创始人beginning n.开始，开端；（常用复数）早期阶段，萌芽阶段at the beginning of 从一开始，当初，起初behalf n.利益；支持behave v.举止；行为；为人behavio(u)r n.举止；表现；行为behind prep. 在…后面；迟于，落后于adv. 在后，迟，慢being prep.存在，生存；生物，人belief n.相信，信任；信条，信仰believe vt.相信；认为vi.相信；信任；奉承bell n. 钟；铃belong to 属于，是…的成员belong v.属于，是…的成员；应归于，应被放在某处beloved adj.[表]为…所爱的；[用作定语]被热爱的below prep.在…下面（下方），紧靠着…底下belt n.腰带，皮带；地带，地区bench n.长凳，长椅bend （bent或bended；bent或bended）v.弯曲；俯身beneath prep.在…下方；低于benefit n.利益，好处；退休金，津贴，救济金，保险抚恤金v.获益；对…有利bent adj弯的，弯曲的n.嗜好，倾向beside prep. 在…旁边，在…附近；与…相比besides adv.而且，此外（还）prep.除…（之外）还best adj. & adv. 最好的（地）n.最好的人（东西等）do one's best 尽自己最大的努力all the best （祝酒、告别等时说）祝一切顺利bet n.打赌；赌注，赌金v.赌，打赌betray v.出卖，背叛；泄漏（秘密），暴露；辜负better adj.更好的；（健康等）好转的adv.更好地v.改进，改善，提高between prep.在（两者）之间adv.当中，中间beyond prep.在（或向）…的那边adv.在更远处，在那边Bible n.圣经bicycle(=bike) n.自行车bid n.出价；投标v.出价，投标；命令，吩咐；祝，表示，向…说（再现、早安等）big adj.大的，巨大的；长大了的，年龄较大的；重大的，主要的bill n.账单；钞票，纸币；议案，法案billion n.& num.[美]十亿；[英]万亿bind vt.捆绑，捆扎；包扎；使受约束biology n.生物学bird n.鸟；禽birth n.出生birthday n.生日birthplace n.出生地；故乡biscuit n.饼干，点心bit n.一点，一些，一小片bite n.咬，叮；咬（或叮）的伤痕v.咬；叮bitter adj.有苦味的；令人不快的；使人痛苦的；激烈的，强烈的；寒冷入骨的black adj.黑（色）的；（黑）暗的；生气的，忧郁的；毫无希望的blackboard n.黑板blame n.指责，责备；（过错等的）责任v.责备，责怪；归咎于blank n.空白处adj.空白的，空着的，空虚的，无表情的，茫然的blanket n.一片白雪blast n.一阵风，疾风；管乐器的声音；管乐器的声音；爆炸blaze n.火，火焰，光亮；[常用单数]爆发，迸发v.燃烧；发光；照耀bleed v.流血；渗出；榨取（金钱）bless v.求神保佑；赐与…健康、幸福及成功blind adj.瞎的，失明的；视而不见的v.使瞎，使看不见block n.大块；障碍（物），阻塞（物）；街区v.堵塞，阻塞；阻碍，妨碍blood n.一块；街区；障碍物，阻塞vt.阻塞，堵塞，封锁bloody adj.流血的；血腥的bloom n.花v.开花blossom n.花（尤指果树的花）；（某一树丛或树上开的）全部花朵；开花期，开花的状态blouse n.女衬衫blow v.吹，吹动；吹响，吹气；爆炸n.一击；打击blue adj.蓝色的；（皮肤等）青紫色的；忧郁的，沮丧的n.蓝色blush v.& n.脸红board n.板，木板，纸板；伙食；委员会，董事会vt.上（船、飞机、车）boast v.自夸；夸耀n.自夸的话；夸耀的事boat n.船，小船body n. 身体boil v.沸腾，开；煮，煮沸boiler n.煮器；锅炉；热水贮槽bold adj.大胆的，勇敢的；冒失的，鲁莽的；醒目的，清晰的bomb n.炸弹v.轰炸；惨败bond n.联结，联系；债券，证券；契约，保证书；[常用单数]粘合剂bone n.骨；骨头book n.书本，书籍，手册；卷，册vt.预定（票、座位等）boot n.高腰的鞋；靴子；（汽车后部）行李箱booth n.电话亭；货摊border n.国界；边界；边缘；边沿v.镶边；接近；接界born adj.出生的；天生的borrow vt.借（东西），借入；采用，模仿bosom n.[常用单数]胸；内心boss n.老板，上司，头儿both adj.两，双pron. 两者，双方，两人both...and 不仅…而且…，…和…都bother v.讨厌，烦人n. 打扰；伤脑筋；费心；麻烦bottle n.瓶bottom n.低，底部；末尾，尽头adj.最低的，最后的bound adj.准备向…去的；被束缚的；密切关联的；一定的，必然的boundary n.国界；国境线；分界线bow n.弓，弓形，任何弯曲的形状；结，蝴蝶结v.低头，鞠躬；屈服，屈从bowl n.碗，钵box n.盒子；箱子boy n.男子brain n.脑，脑髓；（常用复数）头脑，智慧break n. 中断，间歇v. 打破break down 出毛病，损坏；拆毁，捣毁（健康、精神等）垮掉break out 爆发，突然发生；逃出，逃走branch n.树枝，分枝；支流，支线；机构的分部brand n.（商品）商标，牌子；打烙印用的烙铁，烙印；污名，耻辱v.在…上面打烙印，铭刻；污辱；玷辱brass adj.黄铜制的n.黄铜brave adj.勇敢的，无畏的bravery n.勇敢，大胆bread n.面包break n.停顿，间歇，休息；破裂，裂缝v.打破，折断；损坏，弄坏；违反，违背；打破（记录）；（天）破晓breakfast n.早餐；早饭breast n.乳房，胸部；胸怀breath n.气息，呼吸breathe v.呼吸，吸入breed n.（动物）品种；种类，类型v.产仔，（使）繁殖，饲养；滋生，造成；培育，训练brick n.砖bride n.新娘bridegroom n.新郎bridge n.桥v.搭桥；渡过brief adj.短的；短暂的；简短的bright adj.明亮的，晴朗的；聪明的，机灵的；欢快的brilliant adj.光辉的，辉煌的；耀眼的；非常聪明的，才华横溢的n.宝石bring vt.带来，拿来；引起，导致brisk adj.轻快的Britain n.不列颠；英国British adj.不列颠的；英国的；英国人的brittle adj.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的broad adj.宽的，广的，辽阔的；宽容的，（胸怀）宽广的；广泛的，一般的broadcast n.广播（节目）v.广播，播送brook n.小河，溪流broom n.扫帚；笤帚brother n.兄弟；伙伴，同胞brow n.眉，眉毛；额brown adj.褐色的，棕色的n.棕色；褐色；咖啡色brush n.刷子，画笔；小树丛v.刷；拂bubble n.气泡，水泡；冒泡，沸腾v.冒泡bucket n.水桶，吊桶bud n.芽；花苞vi.发芽，含苞欲放budget adj.合算的n.预算v.造预算；安排buffet n.殴打；打击v.用手打中；奋斗；打击build v.建筑，建造；建立，创立building n.建筑物，房屋；建筑bulb n.鳞茎；球茎bull n.公牛；雄象（鲸等）；粗壮如牛的人bullet n.子弹bulletin n.公报，公告；新闻简报bunch n.束；串bundle n.捆，包，束burden n.担子，负担，重担bureau n.局，处，司，署burn n.烧伤；灼伤v.燃烧；烧毁，烧坏；烧伤，灼伤burst v.爆炸，爆裂；突然打开；突然发生，冲，闯n.爆炸，爆裂；爆发，突发bury v.埋葬；掩埋，埋藏bus n.公共汽车bush n.灌木，灌木丛business n.商业，生意；事务；本分，职责busy adj.忙的，忙碌的；繁忙的，热闹的；（电话线）正被占用的but conj.但是，可是，然而；[用于否定结构后]而不prep.[用于nobody,all,who等后面]除…以外butcher n.卖肉者，屠夫；刽子手，残酷的人butter n.黄油vt.涂黄油于…上butterfly n.蝴蝶button n.纽扣，扣子；按钮v.扣住；扣上buy v.买；购买by adv.在近旁；经过，过去prep.在…旁边，靠近；从…旁过去，通过，经由；到（某时）之前，不迟于；（表示交通等的方式）凭借，以；由，被bye-bye int.再见Ccabbage n.卷心菜，洋白菜cabin n.船舱，机舱；小屋cabinet n.橱，柜；内阁，全体阁员cable n.缆，索，钢丝绳；电缆；（海底）电报v.发（海底）电报cafe n.咖啡馆，小餐厅cafeteria n.自助餐馆cage n.笼子cake n. 糕，饼，蛋糕calculate v.计算；核算；预测calendar n.日历；历法call v.叫喊；打电话给…；称呼，把…叫做n.电话，通话；叫喊call for 叫…来；去取，来取，去接；要求；需要calm adj.平静的；镇定的v. （使）安静，（使）镇定camel n.骆驼camera n.照相机，摄影机camp n.野营，营地；拘留营v.宿营campaign n.运动；战役v.搞运动，参加运动；竞选campus n.（大学）校园can n.容器；听，罐头vt. (把食品)装罐Canada n.加拿大Canadian adj.加拿大（人）的n.加拿大人canal n.运河cancel v.取消；删去；抵消cancer n.癌症；肿瘤candidate n.候选人；投考者；有希望的人选candle n.蜡烛candy n.糖果；蜜canoe n.划子；独木舟v.划独木舟cap n.帽子，便帽capable adj.有能力的；可容纳的capacity n.容积，容量；能力，才能；地位，职位capital n.首都，首府；资本，资金adj.大写的captain n.船长，机长；上尉，首领，队长capture n.捕获，俘获v.捕获，俘获；夺得，占领；引起注意，吸引住car n.轿车，汽车card n.卡片，名片；请帖，入场券；纸牌care v.担心，关心，介意；愿意，喜欢n.牵挂，担心，照顾，烦恼，烦人的事take care of 当心，注意；照顾，照看care for 喜欢；照顾，照料career n.生涯；经历careful adj.当心的，小心的，仔细的careless adj.粗心的，疏忽的cargo n.船货，货物carpet n.地毯carriage n.四轮马车；火车车厢carrot n.胡萝卜carry vt. 运，送，搬，抱，背；传播，输送carry on 继续，进行，经营carry out 实行，进行；完成，实现cart 大车，手推车cartoon n.漫画，卡通，动画片carve v.刻，雕刻；切（熟的肉、鸡等）case n.情况；事例；（犯罪）案件；箱，盒，容器cash n.现金，现款vt.兑现，付（或收）现款cashier n.收银员，出纳员cassette n.装录音带的盒子；小盒子；盒式录音带cast n.一掷；模型；演员表castle n.城堡casual adj.偶然的，临时的，非计划内的；不拘礼的，非正式的；随便的casualty n.伤亡者cat n. 猫，猫科动物catalog(ue) n.目录；目录册v.编目录catch v.捉住，抓住，接住；赶上，追上；发觉，发现；染上，感染；听清楚，领会category n.种类，类目；范畴catholic adj.天主教的n.天主教徒cattle n.牛cause n.原因，理由vt.引起，使产生caution n.小心，谨慎；告诫，警告vt.警告，告诫cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的cave n.洞穴，山洞cease n.停止，终止v.停止，结束，平息ceiling n.天花板celebrate v.庆祝；颂扬，赞美cell n.牢房；（修道院的）密室；盒；蜜蜂的巢室；细胞cellar n.地下室，地窖cement n.水泥v.用水泥堵上或粘合cent n.分，分币center(=centre) n.中心，正中，中心点；（活动、兴趣等的）中心v. 集中central adj.中央的，中心的；主要的century n.世纪，（一）百年ceremony n.典礼，仪式；礼节；certain adj.确实的，无疑的；（只作表语）肯定的，确信的；某，某一，某种certainly adv. 一定，必定；当然，可以certificate n.证书；证明；执照chain n.链，链条；一系列，一连串；（常用复数）枷锁，镣铐；联号，连锁店chair n.椅子；（会议的）主席vt. 当…的主席，主持chairman(复数chairmen) n.主席，议长，董事长chalk n.粉笔challenge n.挑战；鞭策；质问v.向…提出挑战；要求比试chamber n.房间；议院champion adj.第一流的；优秀的；非常的n.战士；斗士；优胜者；冠军chance n.机会；可能性；机缘，幸运chancellor n.总理，大臣；名誉校长change n.变动，更换；变化；零钱v.改变；更换；兑换；换车（或船）changeable adj.可变的，易变的channel n.海峡，水道；波段，频道；路线，途径chaos n.混乱，紊乱chapter n.（书的）章，回；时期character n.特性，性格，品质；人物，角色characteristic adj.独有的；独特的n.特征；特性characterize(=characterise) v.表示…的特性；刻画…的性格；成为…的特征charge n.控告，指责；猛攻；费用v.控告charm n.魅力，魔力；妩媚，诱人之处v.迷人，使着魔charming adj.迷人的；可爱的chart n.图，图表chase v.& n.追逐，追赶chat vi.& n.闲谈，聊天cheap adj.廉价的；低劣的；卑鄙的，低级的cheat n. 欺诈；骗子v.欺骗；作弊check(=cheque) n.核对，检查；阻碍，抑制；支票，账单v.检查，核对；制止，抑制；用钩形符号标出cheek n.面颊cheer n.欢呼；喝彩v.（为…）欢呼，渴彩；使高兴，使振奋cheese n.干酪，奶酪chemical adj.化学的n.化学药品chemist n.化学家，药剂师，药品商chemistry n.化学cherish vt.（正式）珍爱；怀有（希望等）cherry n.樱桃（树）chess n.国际象棋chest n.胸，胸腔；柜子，橱chew v.咀嚼，嚼啐；深思，考虑chicken n.小鸡，鸡肉chief adj.主要的，首要的；总的，为首的n.首领；领袖；长官child(复数children) n.小孩，儿章；孩子，子女childhood n.童年时代，幼年时代；初级阶段childish adj.幼稚的，孩子的chill n.寒冷，寒气；扫兴，寒心，沮丧chimney n.烟囱chin n. [常用单数]颏；下巴China n.中国china n.瓷器Chinese adj.中国（人）的；汉语的n.中国人；汉语chip n.碎片，碎石；[常用复数]油炸马铃薯片v.碎裂；削下碎片chocolate n.巧克力，巧克力糖choice n.选择，选择权；选中的东西（或人）；供选择的东西choose（chose；chosen，choosing）v.选择，挑选；情愿决定chorus n.合唱队，（剧院）舞蹈队；（歌的）合唱部分；齐声，异口同声Christian adj.基督教的n.基督教徒Christmas n.圣诞节church n.教堂cigar n.雪茄烟cigarette n.香烟，卷烟cinema n.电影院，电影go to the cinema 去看电影circle n.圆，圆圈；界，圈子，阶层circular adj.圆形的，环状的；循环的circulate v.循环；流通；散布，传播circumstance n.[复数]情况，形势，环境circ us n.马戏团；马戏场cite vt.引用，引证，援引；传唤，传讯；（正式）表彰，嘉奖citizen n.公民，市民city n.都市，城市civil adj.公民的，市民的；民用的，国内的；文职的civilization(=civilisation) n.文明；文化civilize(=civilise) v.开化，开导，使文明；在教养及礼貌上有所改进claim n.权利，要求；主张，断言v.提出要求；认领；声称，主张；值得，需要重视或注意clap v.拍，击；拍手，鼓掌clarify v.澄清；阐明clasp n.扣子，搭扣；紧握，握手，拥抱v.紧握；扣紧class n.班级；阶级，等级；（一堂）课；门类，种类 have classes 上课after class课后classic adj.最优秀的；传统的，古典的；标准的，典范的n. 经典作品，杰作，名著；文豪，大艺术家，古典学者classical adj.第一流的；经典的，古典式的classify v.分类，分等级classmate n.同班同学classroom n.教室，课堂clay n.粘土；陶土clean adj.干净的，清洁的v. 擦干净，把…弄干净clear adj.光亮的，清澈的；清晰的，晴天的vt.清除；使明白；晴朗起来clerk n.店员，办事员，职员clever adj.聪明的，伶俐的；灵巧的，巧妙的client n.委托人，（律师的）当事人；顾客cliff n.悬崖，峭壁climate n.气候；风气，趋势，思潮climax n.[常用单数]顶点；高潮climb v.攀登，攀爬；徐徐上升，逐步增长n.[常用单数]攀登；爬；上升；增长cling v.粘住，紧靠着；坚持，墨守，依附clinic n.门诊部；诊所cloak n.斗篷；借口；掩饰clock n.钟close v.关，关上；结束，终止adj.（to）近的，接近的；亲近的，亲密的；周密的，严密的；不通风的，闷热的adv.接近地，紧密地cloth n.织物，衣料；一块布clothes n.衣服、服装clothing n.(总称)衣服，衣cloud n.云；一缕，一群；阴影cloudy adj.多云的，阴天的；似云的；模糊不清的club n.俱乐部；球棒，棍棒clue n.线索；提示clutch n.（一把）揪住，抓住；[常用复数]爪子；掌握，魔掌，毒手v.抓住；攫住coach n.（四轮）大马车；公共马车；长途公共汽车；火车客车车厢；私人教练；辅导者；教练员v.辅导；训练coal n.煤；煤块coarse adj.粗糙的，粗劣的；粗暴的；粗俗的；庸俗的coast n.海岸，海滨coat n.上衣，外套；毛皮，表皮v.涂上，覆盖cock n.公鸡code n.法规；准则；密码coffee n.咖啡coherent adj.粘着的；粘附的；连贯的coil n.卷；线圈；盘管v.卷；盘绕coin n.硬币，钱币coincide v.相吻合；一致coke n. 焦，焦炭cold adj.冷的，寒冷的；冷淡的，冷漠的，冷酷的n.冷，寒冷；感冒catch/take a cold伤风感冒have a cold 感冒collaborate v.协作；合作collapse n.倒坍；失败，崩溃v.倒坍；垮下collar n.衣领，领子；（狗等的）项圈colleague n.同事；同僚collect vt.收集，聚集；领取，接走；征收（税等）collection n.收集（物）；收藏（品）collective adj.集体的；共同的n.集体college n.大学；学院collision n.撞车；碰撞colonial adj.殖民地的；②n.殖民地居民colony n.殖民地；侨民（区）；集群，群体colo(u)r n.颜色，彩色；面色，肤色；[常用复数]颜料v.给…着色；染column n.柱；支柱，圆柱；（书刊）栏comb n.梳子v.梳；梳理combat n.作战，战斗v.战斗；反对combination n.结合（体）；联合（体）；化合；化合物combine v.结合；联合come vi. 来，到来；出现；成为，是come back 回来，复原come down落下来come from 来自come in 进来come on （表示鼓励、催促等）快，走吧；进步，进展 come out 出来，出现；出版，发表；结果是comedy n.喜剧，喜剧性事件；喜剧因素comfort v.安慰，慰问；使舒适n.安慰，慰藉；舒适comfortable adj.舒服的，舒适的；宽裕的，小康的command n.指挥（权）；命令；掌握，精通v.指挥，命令；支配，管理，控制；博得，得到（同情等）commend v.推荐；把…付托给；称赞，表扬，嘉奖；吸引，引起兴趣comment n.评论；注释v.评论；注释commerce n.买卖；商业；贸易commercial adj.商业的，商务的n.商业广告commission n.委托（书），委任，代办；委员会；佣金，手续费commit v.犯（错误、罪行），干（坏事）；把…交托给committee n.委员会commodity n.商品；日用品common adj.普通的，通常的；公共的，共同的commonwealth n.联邦communicate vt.传达，传递（意见、感情、消息等）vi.交流，沟通communication n.通讯，联络，交流communism n.共产主义communist adj.共产主义的n.共产主义者；共产党员community n.团体，公社；[常用单数]公众compact adj.紧密的；紧凑v.使紧凑；压缩companion n.同伴；伴侣company n.公司，商号；[总称]（一）群，（一）伙；同伴（们），朋友（们）；连队comparable adj.可比较的；比得上的comparative adj.比较的；相对的n. [常用单数]匹敌物；比较级compare v.比较，对照；把…比作，比喻；匹敌，相比comparison n.比较，对比；相似，类似compartment n.列车车厢；分隔间compass n.指南针，罗盘；[常用复数]圆规；[常用单数]范围，界限compel v.强迫；迫使compensate v.补偿；赔偿compensation n.补偿，赔偿compete v.比赛；竞争competent adj.有能力的；能胜任的；被允许的；足够的；有法定资格的competition n.比赛；竞争competitor n.竞争者，对手complain v.抱怨，投诉，发牢骚complaint n.抱怨；控告complement n.补足物；补语；余数v.补充；补足complete adj.全部的，完整的；彻底的；完成的，结束的v.完成，结束；使完美，使圆满complex adj.复杂的；复合的n.合成物；全套（设备）；综合结构complicate v.（使）变复杂complicated adj.难懂的；复杂的compliment n. 赞美的话，祝词；问候，祝愿，致意v.称赞，祝贺comply v.应允；遵照component adj.组成的；合成的n.组成部分；成分compose v.创作（乐曲、诗歌等）；使安定，使平静；组成composition n.组成，构成，成分；作品，乐曲，作文compound adj.混合的；复合的n.混合物。

大学英语3复习资料大学英语3复习资料英译汉Unit 1Nowadays, many young people no longer choose \Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basicallymeans achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is acxxplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.Unit 3Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, , brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example,the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings. Unit 4 Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It’s also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region.With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad. In December 1997, the old townsucceeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical andcultural city in Chinaon the World Cultural Heritage List. Unit 8The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (Spring Festival Gala for short), which was started in 1983, has bexxe an indispensable cultural consumer product and a cultural symbol in the cultural life of the Chinese people. Though it’s hard to satisfy the tastes of all the people, it has to be admitted that the Spring Festival Gala has bexxe a “new custom” for the public that they can’t live without. The Spring Festival Gala is more than a gala; it is a ritual and a symbol, a culture and a label, and an emotion and a place where people entrust their hearts to. With the development of the times and the emerging of new media, the audiences are having more diversified choices and demands. Correspondingly, the Spring Festival Gala is also advancing with the time to satisfy the growing cultural needs of the people.课文翻译Unit 1Personal history, educational opportunity,individual dilemmas - none of these can inhibit a strong spirit xxmitted to success.个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。

2013下半年大英3考前辅导Passage 1 CCDACToday a pilot is totally dependent on what the air traffic controller on the ground tells him. He can not see enough to be safe. Flightwatch is an instrument intended to help him.On a screen in front of the pilot, there will be a map of the airspace around the plane. The pilot’s own flight level or height and his own plane at the centre of the screen will show up. On the map any other planes in the airspace will appear as blobs （点状）of light with “tails” showing the direction of their flight. The flightwatch map is unusual, for the other planes are not shown at their true ranges （范围）, but at their distance away in flying time. That gets over the problem of fast planes being too far away to be seen but likely to make contact in seconds and slow planes that are close enough to be seen but so slow that there’s no chance of contact for, say, ten minutes.The pilot will be able to see on the screen whether another plane’s course conflicts with his own. The screen will show him the flight number of the other plane, so he can contact air traffic control and ask them about the other plane’s course, then he can take avoiding action if necessary. The screen will show him whether his action puts him in danger from yet another aircraft.Technically, the system will be quite complex. Computers will be necessary on the ground and in each aircraft to enable flightwatch to collect data about the planes’ courses and to calculate the distances between planes. But such small computers are now quite cheap, simple and reliable.CCDAC1. A pilot is dependent on _______ for his safe flight.A. flightwatchB. the air traffic controller in the planeC. the command of the air controller on the groundD. the pilot himself2. __________ can help the pilot to keep contact with the air traffic controller.A. a computerB. the screenC. flightwatchD. the passage dosen’t mention it3. The flightwatch is _________ to use.A. quite simpleB. quite complexC. expensiveD. not mentioned4. the main components of the flightwatch are __________.A. a screen and certain computersB. computersC. a flightwatch map and small computersD. blobs and tails5. The computers are _________.A. largeB. neither large nor smallC. smallD. not mentionedPassage 2DCDDDFor most people, life is easier and more comfortable than ever before. Convenience foodsfrom the supermarket simplify shopping and cooking. Household appliances like the vacuum cleaner and the washing machine have taken the drudgery out of housework. Released from these household chores, many wives have found jobs outside the home. Women are achieving economic independence.Families, too, are simpler today. In America, it is not customary for parents to live with their married children. With our greater mobility, relatives have scattered, the parents retiring to Florida or Arizona and the young people, after they marry, going wherever their jobs or their parents or their interests take them.Young adult women have new freedom, too. While attending college, they often live away from home, sometimes far from their parents or their relatives. After college, they move to the city, find a job, and set up a ‘bachelor’ apartment. This is the era of women’s liberation. But all this freedom and affluence have had an unforeseen and in some respects a devastating effect on marriage.DCDDD6. In the U.S. , families are becoming _____.A. biggerB. smallerC. easierD. freer7. Why are women able to achieve economic independence? _______A. Because they have their own salary.B. Because convenience foods are available.C. Because they are free away from drudgery.D. Because they attending college.8. Hard housework was taken away by ______.A. liberated womenB. retired parentsC. supermarketsD. modern equipment9. Which of the following statements is not true according to the text? _______.A. Women’s liberation has made it possible for them to study.B. Comfortable life adversely influences marriage in America.C. Adults can go wherever they want.D. Women prefer to be bachelors.10. The text implies that the author _____.A. highly praises the liberation of womenB. heartily enjoys this freedom and affluenceC. strongly recommends such kind of social lifeD. greatly worries about the bond of marriagePassage 3 CACA 第5题选C或者D都可以Ever since I was very small, I have had the sense that I ought to be somewhere else. I remember watching trains flash by and wishing I was on board. I remember going to the airport with my parents when I was 13 and reading the destinations board, seeing all the places that I could go to: Los Angeles, Chicago, London.But the trains passed by and the planes took off without me, so I wandered the world through books. I went to Victorian England in the pages of Middlemarch and A little Princess, and to St. Petersburg before the fall of the tsar （沙皇）with Anna Karenina.My home was in a pleasant place outside Philadelphia. But I really lived, somewhere else. Ilived within the covers of books. In books I traveled, not only to other worlds, but into my own. I learned who I was and whom I wanted to be, what I might achieve, and what I might dare to dream about my world and myself.I travel today in the way I once dreamed of traveling as a child---on airplanes and trains. And the irony is that I don’t care fir it very much. I am the sort of person who prefers to stay at home, surrounded by family, friends, books. The only thing I do like about traveling is the time on airplanes spent reading.It turns out that when my younger self thought of taking wing, she wanted only to let her spirit soar. Books are the plane, and the train, and the road. They are the real destinations, and the journey too. They are home. CACA 第5题选C或者D都可以11. What did the writer do as a curious child? _______A. She visited Victorian England and Tsarist Russia.B. She flew to Los Angeles, Chicago and London with her parents.C. She read all kinds of books.D. She spent lots of time traveling on trains.12. How does the author feel about travel today? _______A. She doesn’t like it very much.B. She takes great pleasure in it.C. She feels tired of it.D. She feels as excited as when she was young.13. What did the author learn from books as a child? ______A . About many foreign places.B. About many historical figures.C. About the outside world as well as her own self.D. About the ironies of life.14. We can infer from the passage that when traveling by air, the author spends most of her timeon the way _____.A. reading booksB. resting herselfC. imagining thingsD. letting her spirit soar15. In this passage the author mainly talks about _____.A. the wonders of travelB. her growth from an innocent child to a learned womanC. the benefits of readingD. the dif ference between childhood dreams and life’s realitiesPassage 1 ACBCDMuseums are places where collections of objects are preserved and displayed. The objects may be anything found in nature or made by man. There are museums devoted to art, science, history, industry, and technology. But museums are no longer just storehouses for collections. Today nearly all museums, large or small, carry on educational programs. Museums offer guided tours, lectures, films, music recitals, art lessons, and other attractions.Museums work constantly to improve their collections and ways of playing them. All museums are always on the watch for new additions to their collections. Works of art are bought from art dealers and private collectors or at auction sales. Museums also accept gifts and bequests（遗物）, but the large museums no longer accept everything that is offered to them. They accept only objects or collections that meet their high standards.What is to be gained from visiting museums? Museums exhibits can teach us about theworld in which we live-----the materials it is made of, the trees and plants that cover it, and the animals that have lived on it since its beginning. We can learn about the activities of man-----hi**ory and development and his accomplishments in arts and crafts.ACBCD1. The first paragraph deals with______.A. what museums preservesB. what kind of objects museums displayC. where museums obtain their objectsD. how museums function2. Which statement is not true?A. Museums are not only storehouse for collections.B. Museums are places where you can learn something.C. Museums preserve and display only things found in nature.D. Museums carry on educational and research programs.3. Where do objects at museums usually come from?A. From auction sales.B. From art dealers and private collectors.C. From gifts and bequests.D. All the above.4. The large museums accept______.A. everything offered to themB. all the gifts and bequestsC. only objects that meet their high standardsD. only things that small museums do not have5. The last paragraph is about_____.A. the knowledge one gets from visiting museumsB. the things one can see in museumsC. the world and the people living in itD. museum collections from other landsPassage 2 CCABBCars of 2000 will travel the nation’s highways in never-before-dreams-of safety, comfort, and convenience. These cars will float along never touching the ground, and therefore will have no need for wheels.Annoying highway vibrations, caused by the rotations of the disc-and-tire wheels, will be things of the past. The coming highway passenger cars will literally fly above the road, supported on columns of air compressed by turbine-driven fans.The car without wheels has been called a “flying car”, and, in a sense, that’s just what it is; however, it will not back out of the family garage, start down the street, and then suddenly go quickly upward heading for some distant point. On the contrary, to avoid problems in aerial navigation, the wheel-less vehicle probably will travel no more than three inches above road surface. It will travel over fairly rough road and even over smooth water.The inevitable problems of maritime regulations, severe weather conditions, and running out of fuel in remote areas all will require new concepts of operation, servicing, and vehicle regulation. CCABB6. The author believes that cars of the future_____A. will be replaced by airplanesB. will have wheels unlike those of todayC. will use columns of air instead of wheelsD. will use wheels without tires7. Cars of the future will run_____A. without annoying noiseB. without fuelC. much more smoothlyD. on a number of fans8. The car without wheels has been called a “flying car” because_____A. it travels a few inches above the groundB. it can fly as a plane doesC. it moves at a very high speedD. it can travel over smooth water9. Where is a wheel-less car least fit to travel?A. over soft landB. over rough country roadsC. over highwaysD. over waterfalls10. Wheel-less cars will_____A. eliminate all traffic problemsB. create new traffic problemsC. eliminate parking problemsD. both A and CPassage 3 .CDDABStudents can travel in the United States without spending too much money if they follow these suggestions.A travel agent can give you information on special economy fares for trains, buses andplanes. Think about hiking or biking for a part of your trip, too. You’ll not only save money, but you’ll also see a lot more of th e country.Some students may want to travel by car. Be sure to think about going with other students—many colleges have “ride boards” that list when and where other students plan to travel. Many radio stations provide the same sort of service—they announc e who’s driving where, when, how many riders they will take and what the expenses will be.There are many inexpensive, older hotels near bus or train stations. Check your travel guide for names of the best. Many parts of the country also have youth hostels where young people can stay for only a few dollars a night.You don’t have to eat in restaurants all the time, but we don’t recommend a diet of candy and cola, either. You can usually get a healthy, cheap breakfast in a restaurant. If the weather is warm, you can buy food in supermarkets or at roadside stands and have a picnic for lunch. For dinner you can get the names of good, cheap restaurants from travel guides or friends. . CDDAB11. The passage tells students_____.A. how to make travel plansB. how to get help while travelingC. how to use less money while travelingD. how to choose hotels12. To see more of the country, you’d better travel_____.A. by planeB. by busC. by trainD. by bike13. If you want to share rides with others, you can get information_____.A. on the blackboards in classroomsB. from school administratorsC. through certain radio programsD. from travel agents14. According to the passage, staying at youth hostels is_____.A. cheapB. convenientC. comfortableD. enjoyable15. To save money, you can_____.A. have more candy and colaB. invite your friends for a picnic]C. take some food with youD. eat in restaurants sometimesPassage 1BCBADReading newspapers has become an important part of every body’s life. Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning. Others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world. Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully, so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times, we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the headlines of the passages.Newspapers can be found everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.Some newspapers are published once a week, but most of the papers are published once aday with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoying reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and other prefer short stories. They just choose what they are interested in.Today newspapers in English have the largest number of readers in the world. The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21st Century. Also they bring us more and more information with Internet. BCBAD1. People read newspapers in order to .A. learn the latest newsB. meet their own different needsC. read the short storiesD. find the morning news2. From the passage we can see that when people get newspapers.A. they read them very carefullyB. they just read the headlineC. not everyone reads all the pagesD. they have no time to read them3. News papers have so many pages because .A. more and more people like to read themB. people enjoy reading something differentC. newspapers become cheaperD. more pages mean more money4. Newspapers are the most popular in the world.A. in EnglishB. in ChineseC. in other languagesD. with many pages5. According to the passage, besides newspapers, people also get information from .A. magazinesB. advertisementsC. e-mailsD. InternetPassage 2 ACBCDIf there is any single factor that makes for success in living, it is the ability to profit by defeat. Every success I know has been achieved because the person was able to analyze defeat and actually profit by it in his next undertaking. Confuse defeat with failure, and you are doomed in deed to failure, for it isn’t defeat that makes you fail: it is your own refusal to see in defeat the guide and encouragement to success.Defeats are nothing to be ashamed of. They are routine incidents in the life of every man who achieves success. But defeat is a dead loss unless you do face it without feeling ashamed, analyze it and learn why you failed. Defeat, in other words, can help to cure its own cause. Not only does defeat prepare us for success, but nothing else can arouse within us such a compelling desire to succeed. If you let a baby grasp a rod and try to pull it away, he will cling more and more tightly until his whole weight is suspended. It is this same reaction that should give you new and greater strength every time you are defeated. If you fully use the power which defeat gives, you can accompli**h it far more than what you are capable of.ACBCD6. The author __________.A. orders you to analyze defeatB. wants you to face defeatC. advises you to let a baby grasp a rodD. warns you not to confuse defeat with fail7. Defeat is valuable __________.A. because it is a factorB. because it isn’t defeat that makes you failC. because it provides the guide and encouragement to successD. because it is not a thing to be ashamed of8. What does the author know? ___________.A. He knows every success in lifeB. He knows the factor making for successC. He knows every man who is able to analyze defeatD. He knows the life of every man9. The person who was able to analyze the defeat is likely ___________.A. to be a successorB. to face it with feeling ashamedC. to achieve successD. to be ashamed of it10. What does the author advise one to do with the power which defeat gives? One should _____.A. explore itB. explain itC. let a baby grasp a rodD. learn itPassage 3 BC ( )DB 第三题没有答案Why don’t birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another? Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years. Now they’re beginning to fill in the blanks. Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds that fly by night? Tests with artificial stars have proved that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long-distance flights.A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was placed under anartificial star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the artificial stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation. When the stars are hidden by clouds, they apparently find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines, and river courses. But when it’s too dark to see these, the doves circle helplessly, unable to find their way.BC ( )DB 第三题没有答案11. The reasons why birds don’t get lost on long flight s _________.A. have been known to scientists for yearsB. have only recently been discoveredC. are known by everyoneD. will probably remain a mystery12. During daylight hours, birds _________.A. fly aimlesslyB. rely on landmarksC. use sun for guidanceD. are more likely to get lost13. By “his outdoor cousins” the author means _________.A. other experimentersB. the other doves of the same broodC. doves under the natural skyD. other birds in general14. The experiment with the dove indicated that _________.A. birds have to be taught to navigateB. a bird that has been caged will not fly long distanceC. some birds cannot fly at nightD. some birds seem to follow the stars when they fly at night15. In total darkness, doves _________.A. use landmarksB. don’t know which way to flyC. fly back homeD. wait for the stars to appear16. --- Good afternoon. I’m going to invite some friends to dinner. Please reserve a table for six at about eight this evening.--- ____D____A. I know, I will do it.B. I’m clear, don’t worry about it.C. Sure, it doesn’t matter.D. I see, I’ll make the reservation at once.17. --- Come on. Let’s try the Chinese food.--- _____C___A. You are so kind to let me have a taste.B. Yes, I will try.C. Mm… it’s so delicious.D. They are all good food.18. --- T ake a seat here, Mr. Brown. Let’s try the food.--- ____B____A. All right, you are very kind to let me sit down.B. Thank you. Oh, the dishes look so nice.C. I see, I will sit downD. You’re welcome.19. --- Which do you prefer, wine or sprites?--- ___D_____A. Let me drink some wine.B. I enjoy wine.C. I like wine better than spirits.D. I’d like to have a little wine first.20. --- I’d like to cash this check, please.--- ___A_____ .A. What kind of notes do you want?B. How do you want?C. What do you want?D. What can I do for you?21. He walked into the office and shook hands with a smiling man ___B_____ Mr. Black.A. namingB. namedC. by namedD. calling22. The hostess __D______ until the quests were seated.A. sat downB. was sitting downC. was to sit downD. didn’t sit down23. The new employee finished the report and __A______ ..A. turned it inB. turned in itC. turned it upD. turned it on24. If I ____B____ you, I ________ that job.A. was, would takeB. were, would takeC. was, would have taken.D. were, would have taken25. I’m very interested ______D__ plants, animals and geography.A. onB. toC. overD. in26. A friend of mine, after 10 years of studying ballet, succeeded ____A____ becoming a dancer.A. inB. onC. withD. of27. With her yellow hair, Jane is _A_______ girl as a fairy.A. as beautiful aB. as a beautifulC. as a more beautifulD. so a beautiful28. The lake shone ____C____ glass in the moonlight and she _______ it very much.A. liking, likedB. liked, likeC. like, likedD. like, likes29. He was willing to do all ____B____ he could to help his friends.A. whichB. thatC. howD. what30. As we were leaving, we saw the ___C_____ man and his friends entering.A. red hairB. red-hairC. red-hairedD. red-hairing31. __B______ , he bought his wife a present..A. On his way to homeB. On his way homeC. In his way homeD. In his way to home32. There are scientific ways ____B____ which man solves problems.A. inB. withC. atD. on33. I have no idea ______C__ he has said about the matter.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how34. We are looking forward to __B______ the Great Wall again.A. visitB. visitingC. having visitedD. being visited35. Just for today, I’m not going to insist that everything I do ___C_____ perfect.A. wasB. isC. beD. are16. --- How long will it take to arrive in Australia?--- ____C____ .A. Two hours laterB. Before two hoursC. Two hoursD. In two hours17 --- ____B____ ?--- I have a headache, a sore throat and I’m feeling rather weak.A. What are youB. What’s the matter with youC. How are you todayD. What can I do for you18 --- Don’t you think that’s expensive?--- ____A____ .A. Not at all. That’s the best price in townB. Believe it or not. It’s goodC. It’s impossible to cost so muchD. It’s cheap enough19 --- Would you do me a favour?--- ____C____ .A. It’s goodB. That’s OKC. I’m glad toD. No problem20 -- Please show me your library card.--- _____D___ .A. This is my cardB. My pleasureC. Give it to youD. Here you are21 — Could I leave a message?— ________C______A. Please speak.B. Say your messageC. Sure. Go ahead, pleaseD. Do what you like22. — Sorry for the inconvenience it may cause you.— ______B________A. You are welcomeB. Never mind.C. It’s OKD. Nothing else23. —What’s the problem?— ___A_____ .A. I have a meeting now. Do you mind if we postpone it to a later timeB. I have a meeting now. Do you think if we postpone it to a later timeC. I have a meeting now. How do you feel if we postpone it to a later timeD. I have a meeting now. What about if we postpone it to a later time24. — OK. Does next Tuesday suit you? .— _____D______A. It is a good dayB. I’m pleased.C. I’m OK.D. Yes, it’s fine with me.25. — I wonder if it is possible for us to arrange a meeting this week?— ____A_______A. I’m afraid I can’t make it this weekB. I’m sure it’s imposs ibleC. There is no way.D. It’s a problem to make it..26. I __D______ for two hours but nobody has arrived yet.A. am waitingB. waitedC. have waitedD. have been waiting27. Tom as well as two of his classmates ___A_____ invited to the party.A. wasB. wereC. hasD. are28. He gave _____D___ answer as I did.A. as sameB. sameC. as the sameD. the same29. She glanced shyly ___A_____ him and then lowered her eyes.A. atB. offC. onD. with30. I would rather you ___A_____ tomorrow than today.A. comeB. will comeC. cameD. would come31. We were ___D_____ to leave before the train started.A. longB. keenC. worriedD. anxious32. **ended to make teaching her ___A_____ .A. professionB. workC. employmentD. occupation33. The difference was ____B____ cross the river.A. where toB. how toC. what toD. which to34. Mercury freezes if it is cooled to __D______ .A. a low too temperatureB. a too low temperatureC. too low temperatureD. too low a temperature35. When it ____D____ to table-tennis, you can never defeat him.A. goesB. isC. aboutD. comes16. — Do you know what day is today?— _______A_______A. Today is Wednesday.B. It is a fine day.C. It is February 11.D. It is raining.17. — My mother is ill. Could I leave tomorrow?— ______C________A. Good. You can go.B. Quite well. Please leave.C. No problem. Please do.D. Not bad, if you like.18. — I have never been to a Chinese village, have you? — ______B________A. Yes, I haven’t..B. No, I haven’t eit her.C. No, I haven’t too..D. No, I have.19. — When will the performance begin?— ______C_____A. About one hour.B. After one hour.C. In one hour.D. At one hour.20. — I wonder if I could take a few days off work.— _____C______A. I’m sure yo u could leave off work.B. I should say a few days is no problem.C. Why, what’s the matter with you?D. No, you mustn’t go away21. We were ___D_____ to leave before the train started.A. longB. keenC. worriedD. anxious22. **ended to make teaching her ___A_____ .A. professionB. workC. employmentD. occupation23. The difference was ___B_____ cross the river.A. who toB. how toC. what toD. which to24. Mercury freezes if it is cooled to _____D___ .A. a low too temperatureB. a too low temperatureC. too low temperatureD. too low a temperature25. When it ____D____ table-tennis, you can never defeat him.A. goesB. isC. aboutD. comes26. At no time during his speech ___C_____ that he would make another film soon.A. he mentionedB. he should mentionC. did he mentionD. should he mention27. A selfish person doesn’t ____D___ other people’s problem.A. to careB. caresC. careD. care about28. It is necessary that ___C_ before 10 o’clock.A. she returns homeB. for her to return homeC .she return home D. she will return home29. The teacher had no idea _____B__ these two students argued about.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. why30. I’d rather you _____C___ say anything about it for the time being.A. don’tB. wouldn’tC. didn’tD. shouldn’t31. I had a lot of trouble ___C_____ the car ________ this morning.。

大学英语3辅导资料六主题：Unit 4的重点单词和短语(下)、Unit 4的知识扩展学习时间：2013年11月4日－11月10日内容：NEW WORDS（对课文重点单词的解释）1. impression n. 印象；感想[搭配] 1) impression ofe.g. What’s your impression of Frank as a boss ?（你对身为老板的弗兰克印象如何？）First impressions can be deceptive.（第一印象可能是靠不住的。

）2) create a good/bad impressione.g. Arriving late won’t create a very favorable impression.（迟到不会给人留下好印象。

）2. iron vt.（用熨斗）熨平e.g. Have you ironed my shirt?（你把我的衬衫熨过了吗？）3. matter n. 事情，情况e.g. You do realize this is a serious matter, don’t you?（你确实意识到这是一件严重的事情，对吧？）He wasn’t particularly interested in financial matters.（他对财务上的事不是特别感兴趣。

）[词性变化] matter vi. 重要，要紧，有关系e.g. —We’ve missed the train!（我们已经误了火车了！）—It doesn’t matter, there’s another one in 10 minutes.（没关系，10分钟后还有一趟。

）It mattered a great deal to her what other people thought of her.（其他人怎么看她对她来说极为重要。

）4. mental adj. 心理的；智力的e.g. mental health（心理健康）a child’s mental development（儿童的智力发展）His problem is mental, not physical.（他的问题是心理的而不是身体的。

Lesson 13 In My DayI．Warm-up questions:1.questions:(1)When do people attain old age?(2)What changes would occur to the elderly?(3)Why do the aged like to talk about their past lives?(4)What are your thoughts on age and aging?Typically, the beginnings of change in the five senses are as follows:Hearing—the mid 40’sVision—the mid 50’sTouch—the mid 50’sTaste—the late 50’sSmell—the mid 70’s2 .Generation gap refers to the difference in ideas, feelings and interests between older and younger people, which often causes misunderstanding. In the U.S.A, "Never trust anyone over thirty"had even been a very common belief among young people.How to bridge it ? mutual understanding and love ….3. The Image of the Mother4 Years of Age—My Mommy can do anything!8 Years of Age—My Mom knows a lot! A whole lot12 Years of Age—My Mother doesn’t really know quite everything.14 Years of Age—Naturally, Mother doesn’t know that, either.16 Years of Age—Mother? She’s hopelessly old-fashioned.18 Years of Age—That old woman? She’s way out of date!25 Years of Age—Well, she might know a little bit about it.35 Years of Age—Before we decide, let’s get Mom’s opinion.45 Years of Age—Wonder what Mom would have thought about it?65 Years of Age—Wish I could talk it over with Mom!4. Tell us a story about your parents that touches your heart and is rooted deeply in your memory.II. Background1. Author: Russell Baker▪Born in Virginia in 1925▪In charge of "The Observer" column for the New York Times from 1962 to 1998.▪Won his first Pulitzer Prize in 1979 for distinguished commentary as a columnist▪Received his second Pulitzer Prize in 1983 for his autobiography Growing up▪Regarded as one of America's leading wordsmiths and humorists2. R ussell Baker’s main works▪Growing up▪Russell Baker’s book of American Humor▪Fear and Loathing in George W. Bush’s Washington▪Poor Russell Almanac(The text is extracted from the first chapter of Growing Up.)3. Russell Baker’s memoir Growing upThis book traces his youth in the mountains of rural Virginia. When Baker was only five, his father died. His mother, strong-willed and matriarchal, never looked back. These were depression years, and Mrs. Baker moved her family to Baltimore. Baker's mother was determined her children would succeed, and her unfailing faith in the talents of her young son was not misplaced. He did everything from delivering papers to hustling subscriptions for the Saturday Evening Post. As is often the case, early hardships make the man.4. Popularity of the book—reviews from the book reviewers and readers▪This is a wondrous book, funny, sad, and strong… as funny and touching as Mark Twain's.----Mary Lee Settle of the Los Angeles Times Book Review ▪This is an iconic and magical piece of literature, a story of courage and love, of the bonds of family in spite of tension and disagreement.-----One reader ▪Growing Up is carefully crafted by this experienced writer. The many characters come to vivid life with all their virtues and foibles(小缺点), and Baker's narrative flows smoothly from beginning to end.-----One reader 5. Quotations of the author▪The worst thing about being a tourist is having other tourists recognize you as a tourist.▪In an age when the fashion is to be in love with yourself, confessing to be in love with somebody else is an admission of unfaithfulness to one's beloved.▪An educated person is one who has learned that information almost always turns out to be at best incomplete and very often false, misleading, fictitious, mendacious—just dead wrong.6. The Great Depression（The Great Depression is what we refer to the global economic recession between 1929 to 1933 ,which ,especially in the US, is usually identified with the stock market crash of 1929.during that time ,some towns in the U. S. , Canada and Germany even introduced their own scrip during the Great Depression. and the societies are full of sorrows.）One of the most critical economic periods in the United States history was the Great Depression. A majority of the U.S. citizens did not know much about the Depression. The only information that they knew was what they read from textbooks. Many citizens never really had to face the hardship like others were forced to face. Growing Up by Russell Baker is an autobiography on the problems he and his family endured during this era.Causes of the Great Depression:▪Speculation in the 1920s caused many people to buy stocks with loaned money. The stock market boom was very unsteady, because it was based on borrowed money and false optimism.▪Politicians believed that business was the key business of America. Thus, the government took no action against unwise investing.▪Stock Market crash on October 24, 1929 (black Thursday)Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.▪Living conditions changed when multiple families crowded into small houses or apartments.▪Unemployment rate was very high.▪Thousands went hungry.▪Children suffered long term effects from a poor diet and inadequate medical care.▪Women continue d to doing women’s work such as nursing, and even if they were able to get an industry job which seldom hired women, they usually were paid less than men.III．Word Study1. bendv. a. to lean forwards and downwardsb. to become curvedc. to apply the mind closelyExamples:She bent forwards and whispered in my ear.The stream bends to the west.He was bent on making them happy.Expressions:bend sb.’s earbend your mind/thoughts to sth.bend beforebe bent on2. bore n. a. sb. who talks too much about thingsthat are not very interestingb. a boring or annoying activity or situationv. a. to make sb. feel impatientb. to make a deep hole in sth. hardExamples:I was angry with him for that, … for having become one of th oseancient bores (53)I find cleaning a real bore.I won’t bore you with all the details.The insects bore through the furniture.3. burdenv. to create a problem or serious responsibility for sb.Examples:I don’t want to burden you with my troubles.He was increasingly burdened by ill health.4. dismiss v.a.to force sb. to leave their jobb.to refuse to accept that sth. might be true or importantc.to officially tell people they can leave a placed.to put out of court without further hearing5. fierce a.a. involving very strong feelings such as determination, anger or hateb. (of weather) strong and severec. very difficult or unpleasantExamples:I thought of a doll with huge, fierce eyes. (10)The fierce thunders roar me their music.It is a fierce examination process.6. flagv. a. to become tired or weak, or begin to lack enthusiasmb. to mark sth. so that you will be able to find it againflagging: a. becoming weaker, more tired, or less enthusiasticExamples:After a long day, his energy flagged.I flagged any words I didn't know.… all she needed was a good pep talk to recharge a flagging spirit.(39)7. formidablea. very impressive in size, power, or skill and therefore deserving respect and often difficult to deal withExamples:Meeting the energy demands of a big city is aformidable task.The company has built up a formidablereputation for quality.He is a formidable opponent.8. hoverv. a. to remain floating, suspended, or flutteringin the airb. to remain or linger in or near a placec. to be in a state that may change at any time Examples:Gulls are hovering over the waves.The waiter was hovering by their table.His girlfriend is hovering between life and death.9. presidev. to be in charge of an official meeting or other event Examples:These committees are usually presided overby a senior judge.The priest is often invited to preside at thereception.10. radianta. a. sb. who is radiant looks extremely happyb. very brightExamples:One day when I arrived at her bedside she was radiant. (41)The sea was a radiant blue.11. stirv. a. to move food around in a dish using a spoon or other objectsb. to make sb. feel upset, or enthusiasticc. to move or be moved slightly by windExamples:Please stir the soup before tasting it.The murder has stirred (up) a lot of ill feeling in the community.... when age finally stirs their curiosity (46)The white curtain stirred gently in the summer breeze.12. transparenta. a. clear or thin enough for you to see things throughb. easily seen through or detected; obviousc. not trying to keep anything secretExamples:Glass is a transparent material.It is a transparent lie.Citizens are asking for a more transparent democratic government.13. vein n.a. one of the tubes in your body that carry blood to your heartb. a layer of a metal or other substance inside the earthc. a particular mood, style or substanced. a supply or amount of a particular thing14. wearn. a. damage or changes that affect sth. when it has been used a lotb. fatigue, exhaustionc. clothes that are suitable for a particular activity or group of peopleExamples:There was heavy wear on all four wheels.... that age and wear could be overcome by an effort of will, (39)I didn't bring any evening wear.15. 1. blood and boneyour own flesh and bloodExamples:I couldn't see my blood and bone (flesh andblood) insulted in this way.bad blood 怨恨be after sb.’s blood恨透了某人Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水have sb’s blood on your hands导致某人死亡make your blood boil怒火中烧make your blood run cold令人毛骨悚然new/fresh blood新增成员bonea bag of bones骨瘦如柴的人chilled/frozen to the bone 寒冷刺骨close to the bone 露骨的feel/know sth. in your bones极为确信某事have a bone to pick with sb. 对某人生气，抱怨16. mend one’s waysto improve one’s behavior after you have been behaving badly for a long timeExamples:… I s uppose, that she was mending her ways. (40)mend fences: to try to become friends again with sb. you have argued with The object of the meeting was primarily to mend fences.17. on one’s mindto keep thinking about and worrying about sth.Examples:You seem quiet today. Do you have anything on your mind?Work is very much on her mind at the moment.18. on the runa. while you are busy or hurryingb. trying to hide or escape from sb., especially the policec. in a weak position in an argument or competitionExamples:I had to eat lunch on the run today.A dangerous criminal is on the run in the bay area of the city.Labor has the Conservatives on the run.19. pep talka talk during which sb. encourages you to do sth. better or to work harderExamples:We got a pep talk from our coach.pep up: to make sb. or sth. more active and livelyA short break would pep you up.We need to look at ways of pepping up theeconomy.20. silver lininga hopeful or comforting prospect in themidst of difficultyExamples:Every cloud has a silver lining.Three years earlier I had… and… hadwritten her with some banal advice to lookfor the silver lining (39)21. way outa. far from other places or buildingn. a way of dealing with a problemExamples:Our farm is way out beyond the town.There must be a way out of this mess.Word Building1. overgrown (4)Prefix—overa. too much: used with verbs, nouns oradjectivesb. more than: used with some nounsc. on or above: used with some nounsd. on top of: used with some nounsExamples:to overheat, an overreaction, overconfidenceover-sixtiesoverland, overhead2. unutterable (52)prefix—un suffix—ablemore examples:Unspeakable unthinkable unreadable unavoidable 3. inconceivable (4)prefix—in Suffix—ablemore examples:Invisible inadvisable incredible incurableIV. Text appreciation：1. Theme of the storyIt is the responsibility of both parents and children to bridge the generation gap. On the one hand, young people should have more interest and respect of what their parents stand for. On the other hand, old people should show understanding to young people’s great interest in the future.2. Structure of the textPart 1 (1-45) about: Understanding of a mother from a son’s point of view Part 2 (.46-53 ) about: Understanding of children from a father’s point of view Part 3 (54--55 ) about: Meeting of the two views3. Text Analysis（1）What was the character of the mother when she was young?（Scan the text and list out the related information.）straight- forward I tell people exactly what’s on my mind, …strong-willed She was a formidable woman, determined to speak her mind, determined to have her w ay, …energetic She had hurled herself at life with an energy thatmade her seem always on the run.never defeated by life life was combat, and victory was not tothe lazy, the timed, the drugstore cowboy, …（2）Question: What values do you think wer e reflected in the mother’s way of life when she was young?The mother was always on the run and working hard because she believed that hard working is the necessary part of one’s life. Life was a struggle, a fight, a battle for survival, for salvation, and for the glory of God. Only by hard working can one be successful in the end. Those who were lazy, timid, loitering and afraid to tell others the true feelings were losers of the life.（3）How did the author react to his mother’s senility from a son’s po int of view?My impulse was to argue her back to reality.later I soon stopped trying to argue her back to what Iconsidered the real world.(I) tried to travel along with her on thosefantastic journeys into the past.（4）Question: What made the author change his reaction to his mother’s senility?At the beginning, he tried to argue his mother back to reality from his point ofview because he believed that his mother being a normal person would be better for her and her family. But later when he began to look at it from his mother’s point of view, he understood his mother was much happier when she could travel back to her childhood when she was loved and needed. So he would like to travel along with her into her past and understood his mother more.（5）How did the author understand the relationship with his children from a father’s point of view?in the past I had developed the habit of lecturing them onthe harshness of life in my day.I tried to break the habit, but must have failed.now Between us there was a dispute about time. (6) Question: What does the author mean by “a dispute about time”?(53)It is one of the reasons why there is generation gap between parents and children. The parents always like to talk about their past to the children because that was once their “future” they dreamed of and struggled for. But for the children, they are indifferent to the parents’ “future” because it is past for them. They are now dreaming for their future. This is the dispute of time.Further questions on appreciationWhat happened to the author’s mother at the age of 80? What became of her after her “last” fall?What exactly is the problem with his mother?What kind of a woman was the author’s mo ther when she was young?Was she happy when she was young? Is she happy now? What are her main complaints?Does the author feel that he has been a good son?What do you think he is trying to say when he hopes that he can step into his mother’s time machin e?How does the author understand the generation gap? What’s his advice to the younger generation?V. Writing Devices1. Parallelism and RepetitionShe ran after chickens, … She ran when she made the beds, ran when she set the table. … she ran. (15)Repetition: ran…ran…ran…ranParallelism : She ran when she…ran when she…Repetition is a major rhetorical strategy for producing emphasis, clarity, amplification, or emotional effect.Parallelism: more examples1.Words and phrases•Not Parallel: The teacher said that he was a poor student because he wait ed until the last minute to study for the exam, complet ed his lab problems in a careless manner, and his motivation was low.•Parallel: The teacher said that he was a poor student because he wait ed until the last minute to study for the exam, complet ed his lab problems in a careless manner, and lack ed motivation.2. clauses•Not Parallel: The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that questions would be asked by prospective buyers (passive).•Parallel: The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that prospective buyers would ask him questions. 3. Lists after a colon•Not Parallel: The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and looking up irregular verbs.•Parallel: The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs. Repetition: more examples•Would you please please please please please please please stop talking.(Ernest Hemingway, Hills Like Whites Elephants)•It’s like a windfall, like a g odsend, like an unexpected piece of luck.(Joseph Conrad, Youth)There are words like FreedomSweet and wonderful to say.On my heartstrings freedom singsAll day everyday.There are words like libertyThat almost make me cry.If you had known what I knowYou would know why.James Langston Hughes, Words Like FreedomV. Grammar1. preposition + which/whomThe type of relative clause in which the relative pronoun “which” and “whom” is preceded by a preposition is chiefly used in formal, especially technical or legal writing.In informal, especially spoken English, this structure should be avoided, and the relative pronoun is often omitted.Examples:It was an awkward question with which to beawakened. (formal)There’s some limit nobody should go bey ond.(informal)2. preposition+ wh-wordNoun clauses introduced by wh-words are often used after prepositions. Such clauses are common in both informal and formal English. Examples:It was time to come to grips with the magnitude of what he had created.All students should be aware of how they react to new knowledge and new ways of learning, …We have no definite information yet as to which route he will take.VI. Paraphrases1.2.3.4. 5.6 7.8.910 1112 13 1415.VII. DiscussionIs the generation gap inevitable?Is the generation gap a serious problem today?Have you ever experienced generation gap between your parents and yourself?Does generation gap only exist between parents and children?What should we do about the generation gap?VIII. Chinese version1.我的母亲在她 80岁时 , 不幸遭遇了她的最后一次跌倒。

2013年英语三级全攻略名师指导视频课程模拟测试历年真题复习计划 6 The Route. 60. What are the main attractions on the Blue Route? Top museums and . Part IV Translation—English into Chinese (25 minutes) 61. The shipment has been overdue for quite a long time and we have not heard any news about it from you. A) 货物装运已逾期很久，我们却至今没有收到你方有关装运的任何消息。

B) 航运的货物忆到达很长时间，但没有人通知我们关于透支的任何消息。

C) 长期以来这些佩特都是航运的，而且你们事先都能够给我们发来通知。

D) 即使发货需要很长时间，我们迄今还是没有收到你方任何相关的信息。

62. It is our hope that this contract will represent the beginning of a long and fruitful cooperation between our two companies. A) 我们希望能长期保持我们两家公司之间互利互惠的合作关系。

B) 我们希望基于本合同建立我们两家公司之间长期合作的关系。

C) 我们希望这项合同将代表我们两家公司长期有效合作的开始。

D) 我们希望能尽快地签订合同并长期保持我们已经取得的成果。

63. This course will introduce you to many of the functions which the software uses to produce letters, reports, and other documents. A) 本课程将有助于你掌握各种软件，学习写信、写报告和生成其它文件。

北语13秋《大学英语三》导学资料三英译汉和写作一、本阶段学习内容概述各位同学，大家好，现在进入我们的第三阶段的学习，根据课件，这一阶段我们要学习英译汉和写作这两部分的内容，大家要先根据课件的讲解详细地学习，然后再把课件中的自测练习题完成下，下面我们来着重地强调下这部分的重难点内容。

二、重难点讲解对英译汉技巧的探讨要真正掌握英译汉的技巧并非易事。

这是因为英译汉时会遇到各种各样的困难；首先是英文理解难，这是学习、使用英文的人的共同感觉，由于两国历史、文化、风俗习惯的不同，所以一句英文在英美人看来顺理成章，而在中国人看来却是颠颠倒倒、断断续续，极为别扭。

二是中文表达难，英译汉有时为了要找到一个合适的对等词汇，往往被弄得头昏眼花，好象在脑子里摸一个急于要开箱子的钥匙，却没有。

另外，英译汉时对掌握各种文化知识的要求很高，因为我们所翻译的文章，其内容可能涉及到极为广博的知识领域，而这些知识领域多半是我们不大熟悉的外国的事情，如果不具备相应的文化知识难免不出现一些翻译中的差错或笑话。

正是因为英译汉时会遇到这么多的困难，所以，我们必须通过翻译实践，对英汉两种不同语言的特点加以对比、概况和总结，以找出一般的表达规律来，避免出现一些不该出现的翻译错误，而这些表达的规律就是我们所说的翻译技巧。

一、词义的选择和引伸技巧英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象。

一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类，具有几个不同的意义；一词多义就是同一个词在同一词类中又往往有几个不同的词义。

在英译汉的过程中，我们在弄清原句结构后，就要善于运用选择和确定原句中关键词词义的技巧，以使所译语句自然流畅，完全符合汉语习惯的说法；选择确定词义通常可以从两方面着手：1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义They are as like as two peas .他们相似极了。

（形容词）He likes mathematics more than physics .他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。

大学英语（3）复习资料Unit11.Most cities in the country have introduced "Clean Air Zones" whereby factories and households are only allowed to burn smokeless fuel.中国大多数城市都引入了“清洁空气区”，即工厂和家庭只允许燃烧无烟燃料。

（凭那个，借以）2. He knows that the pursuit of social status can consume vast amounts of his time and effort.他知道追求社会地位可以消耗他大量的时间和精力。

（追求）3. The doctors are at a loss because so far no medicine has been found to inhibit the spread of the disease.由于目前还没有发现任何能抑制这种疾病传播的药物，医生们都不知所措。

（阻碍，抑制）4. We see many special education directors trying to maintain the quality of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff.我们看到许多特殊教育主管试图用更少的钱和更少的员工来维持他们项目的质量。

（保持，维持）5. People there are told it is their patriotic duty to support the national economy by buying their own products.人们被告知，通过购买自己的产品来支持国民经济是他们的爱国义务。

（爱国的）6. Darwin's thinking both drew upon and transcended transcended the conventional ideas of his time.达尔文的思想既吸引了他，也超越了他那个时代的传统观念。

现代大学英语精读3u n i t13课后答案-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1More Work on the Text II Vocabulary1.1 ) From Chinese into English.(1) to lift the curtain (11) to oppose the decision(2) to resent the treatment (12) to plot murder(3) to develop a habit (13) to diagnose liver cancer(4) to offend the boss (14) to complicate matters(5) to commit treason (15) to count her blessings(6) to dismiss the idea (16) to recharge th~ battery(7) to bury the dead (17) tO mend:her ways(8) to declare bankruptcy (18) to recapture one's childhood(9) to challenge the authority (19) to interrogate ~he suspect(10) to bend the stick (20) to disconnect the power2) From English into Chinese.(1)养老院 (11)给人打气的谈话(2)自然科学 (12)分数不好的成绩单(3)农妇 (13)富裕社会(4)轻快的步行 (14)无可奈何的神态(5)弱不禁风的孩子 (15)低落的情绪(6)微妙的形势 (16)意志力(7)令人敬畏的一支军队 (17)劝人的套话(8)令人望而生畏的任务 (18)朦胧的景色(9)通常的回答 (19)模糊的想法(10)黑暗中的亮光 (20)勇猛的斗士(21)猛烈的暴风雨 (26)尖刻严厉的意见(22)脾气不好的老板 (27)严厉的惩罚(23)没有准备好的会议 (28)天真的观点(24)艰苦的生活 (29)红光满面的脸(25)严峻的现实 (30)绝妙的主意2.inconceivable unthinkablepromptly immediately／instantlyferocity fiercenesscomplicated complexscheme plotradiant beamingtransparently ．obviouslyaffluent wealthycaution warncustomary habitualchallenging defiantmend correct／improvefatigue wearinessunutterable unspeakablerage fury／anger3.1)don’t know anything about history(or literature，philosophy etc)2)may3)but4)we should never seek world hegemony．(Or：we should never become arrogant．)5)being deepene&6)being repainted7)being redesigned8)wander free9)light10)free11)the run12)on13)give him a long lecture(Or：give him a good spanking)14)bring population growth under strict control(Or：start family planning)15)the16)the17)the：the4.1)This is an utter waste of time and money．They must be OUt of their mind tO build this terrible thing by the beautiful lake．2)It is utterly impossible tO be 100％sure about the safety of nuclear waste．3)She did not utter a single word throughout the discussion．4)This letter amounted tO a last warning．5)I did go tO a university and got a degree，but they did not amount tO much．6)By the end of last year，our foreign exchange reserve amounted to nearly$250 billion．7)You can prevent young people from talking about these things，but you can’t stop them from thinking about them．8)Anybody in his right mind will know that we need both freedom and discipline．Either we have both，or we have neither．9)It is now quite dangerous to walk in the streets during rush hours，especially when you have something on your mind．10)I really have a mind tO buy a house in the suburbs．I just hate this noise and pollution in the city．1 1)The head coach will resign after theWorld Cup．12)Luckily，our people are not resigned tO the existence of corruption．13)The resignation of the defense minister amounted to the end of the coalition government．14)She handed in her resignation，but declared that she was innocent and believed that her name would be cleared SOOn．15)The provincial government promises to dear the province of all drug producers in 5 years·16)The Afghan people hope that the dark clouds of war will now clear and they can all live in peace．5.1)over；Out of／in，2)with；in／about3)dropped；in4)on；capable5)on the increase／on the rise；upon6)OUt of；in；for7)Instead of；on；way／vein／tone8)by；with／at；for9)teachers；hover／bend／watch；telling／and tell10)of；On11)way；out of12)time and again／from time tO time／at times／every now and then；out of6.1)去年他净得lO万美元。