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第 44卷第5期2023 年9月Vol.44 No.5September 2023中山大学学报（医学科学版）JOURNAL OF SUN YAT⁃SEN UNIVERSITY（MEDICAL SCIENCES）保留主动脉瓣的根部替换术的研究进展张帅，钱向阳（中国医学科学院//北京协和医学院//国家心血管病中心//阜外医院血管外科中心，北京 100037）摘要：随着外科技术的不断改进、医学工程学与材料学的发展，复合带瓣血管的根部置换术（Bentall手术）成为了主动脉根部病变的标准术式。
作为Bentall手术的替代手段，保留主动脉瓣的根部替换术术后避免了终身抗凝和机械瓣膜的相关并发症，降低了血栓栓塞、出血事件的发生率，其有利的血流动力学和潜在更低的心内膜炎风险，保证了术后持久的主动脉瓣功能，患者的生存质量大大提高。
本文综述了保留主动脉瓣的根部替换术的适应症、标准化技术要点及其在不同患者中应用的远期结果。
关键词：保留主动脉瓣的根部替换术；主动脉瓣再植入；根部重塑；复合带瓣血管；进展中图分类号：R654.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672-3554（2023）05-0741-09DOI：10.13471/ki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ（med.sci）.2023.0504Research Progress in Valve-sparing Aortic Root ReplacementZHANG Shuai， QIAN Xiang-yang（Department of Cardiovascular Surgery， Fuwai Hospital // National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases // Chinese Acade⁃my of Medical Sciences // Peking Union Medical College， Beijing 100037， China）Correspondence to： QIAN Xiang-yang； E-mail：********************Abstract：With continuous improvements in surgical techniques， medical engineering and material science， root re⁃placement with composite valve graft （CVG）or Bentall procedure has become the standard procedure for aortic root le⁃sions. As an alternative to the Bentall procedure， valve-sparing aortic root replacement （VSRR） avoids the complications associated with lifelong anticoagulation and mechanical valves；reduces the incidence of thromboembolic and bleeding events；and its favorable haemodynamics and potentially lower risk of endocarditis ensure durable postoperative aortic valve function and a much better quality of patient survival. This article reviews the indications for root replacement with preservation of the aortic valve， the key points of the standardized technique and its long-term results in different patients.Key words：valve-sparing aortic root replacement （VSRR）；reimplantation；remodeling；composite valve graft （CVG）； progress［J SUN Yat⁃sen Univ（Med Sci），2023，44（5）：741-749］1968年，Bentall等［1］报道了一种复合带瓣血管的根部置换术（composite valve graft， CVG），后称为Bentall手术，应用于主动脉瓣功能不全合并主动脉根部瘤样扩张的外科治疗。
visual studio analysis services 使用-回复使用Visual Studio Analysis Services（简称VS AS）可以进行以下几个方面的工作：1. 创建数据模型2. 导入数据3. 定义测量值和维度4. 编写MDX查询5. 发布数据模型一、创建数据模型在使用VS AS之前，我们需要先安装Analysis Services项目模板。
安装完成后，打开Visual Studio，选择“文件”-“新建”-“项目”，在弹出的窗口中选择“业务智能”-“Analysis Services”-“多维度和数据挖掘项目”，随后点击“确定”。
在创建项目过程中，需要填写一些基本信息，比如名称、位置和解决方案名称等。
完成后，点击“创建”。
二、导入数据在创建好的项目中，可以看到一个名为“数据源”的文件夹，右键点击该文件夹，选择“添加新项”，在弹出的窗口中选择“数据源”，随后点击“添加”。
在添加数据源的过程中，可以选择从不同的数据源导入数据，如SQL Server、Excel或者其他OLAP数据源等。
根据实际需求选择合适的数据源并进行相应的配置，最后点击“确定”。
三、定义测量值和维度在完成数据导入后，我们需要定义测量值和维度，以便在创建报表或者进行数据分析时使用。
右键点击项目中的“数据源视图”，选择“添加新项”，在弹出的窗口中选择“维度”，随后点击“添加”。
在定义维度的过程中，需要选择一个列作为维度，并设置维度的属性和层次等。
完成维度的定义后，可以继续添加测量值。
右键点击项目中的“数据源视图”，选择“添加新项”，在弹出的窗口中选择“测量值”，随后点击“添加”。
在定义测量值的过程中，需要选择一个列作为测量值，并设置测量值的聚合函数和格式等。
完成测量值的定义后，可以进行下一步操作。
四、编写MDX查询在VS AS中，我们可以使用MDX（多维表达式）查询语言来进行对数据的查询和分析。
右键点击项目中的“计算成员”，选择“添加新项”，在弹出的窗口中选择“查询”，随后点击“添加”。
Vehicle Ident. No. _______________________Working instruction for order no.! Maintenanceat 60,000, 120,000, 180,000, 240,000 km etc./36,000, 72,000, 108,000, 144,000 miles etc.(Labour operation 03 16 00 ..)For a description of the various models, see Technical Manual Mix fuel in fuel tank with additive (Keropur from Porsche; Part No. 000 043 206 89)The term 'checking' includes all necessary subsequent work, such as adjusting, readjusting, correcting and topping up, but does not include repairing, replacing and reconditioning parts or assemblies.Change engine oil and oil filter (please observe oil change service plan for the 911 Carrera, Boxster and Cayman)"Note: If the mileage for a regular service is not reached, maintenance must be carried out after 4, 8, 12...... years.911 Carrera (997), 911 Carrera S (997)Boxster (987), Boxster S (987)as of 2009 modelDiagnostic system: read out fault memory; reset maintenance intervalVehicle underbody and engine compartment:visual inspection for leaks (oils and fluids)and chafing damage (lines and hoses)Continued overleaf Copyright byElectrical equipment, warning and indicator lights: check operationVehicle lighting: check operationAll headlights: check adjustmentHorn: check operationHandbrake: check free play of handbrake leverExhaust system: visual inspection for leaks and damage, check engine mountBrake hoses and lines: visual inspection for leaks, damage, routing and corrosionSteering gear: visual inspection of the bellows for damageTie rod joints: check the play and dust bootsSeat belts: check operation and conditionAir cleaner: replace filter elementFuel system: visual inspection for damage, routing and secure fit of line connectionsParticle filter: replace filter elementDrive shafts: visual inspection of the boots for leaks and damageBrake system: visual inspection of the brake pads and brake discs for wearTyres: check condition and tyre pressureCheck the door locks, lid locks and safety hooks of the front lid to ensure that they are secure and functioning properly Axle joints: check the play and visually inspect the dust boots for damageVehicle underbody and engine compartment: visual inspection for leaks (oils and fluids) and chafing damage (lines and hoses)Underbody panels: visual inspection for completeness, secure installation and damageCoolant hoses: check conditionRadiators and air inlets: visual inspection for external contamination and blockageCoolant: check level and antifreezeWindscreen wiper/washer system, headlight cleaning system: check fluid level and nozzle settings,check antifreeze in winter months; check wiper bladesReplace spark plugs: see Additional maintenanceBattery: check functional state and fluid levelpy g y Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AGAfter Sales EngineeringPrinted in Germany - 11/08Vehicle Ident. No. _______________________Working instruction for order no.! Additional maintenance for spark plugs(Labour operation 03 81 00 ..)"! Additional maintenance for drive belt (Labour operation 03 60 00 ..)! Additional maintenance for convertible top(Labour operation 03 70 00 ..)! Additional maintenance every 90,000 km/54,000 miles or every 6 years (Labour operation 03 83 00 ..)as of 2009 modelService and maintain convertible top (911 Carrera only)every 30,000 km/18,000 miles or every 2 years Replace spark plugs every 30,000 km/18,000 miles or every 4 years Check drive belt every 60,000 km/36,000 miles or every 4 years every 150,000 km/90,000 miles or every 10 years Check drive beltCheck drive belt every 240,000 km/144,000 miles or every 16 years Boxster (987), Boxster S (987)R l d i b lt911 Carrera (997), 911 Carrera S (997)Controlled all-wheel (only Carrera 4) : change oil! Additional maintenance every 180,000 km/108,000 miles or every 12 years(Labour operation 03 88 00 ..)! Every 2 yearsFile condition report for long-life guarantee! Every 4 years! After 4 years, then every 2 years! After 4, 8, 10 years, then every 2 yearsSignature (mechanic): _______________________________Test drive:Oils, fluids: visual inspection for leaksSignature (final check): _________________________Remote control, front seats, footbrake and handbrake (also actuation travel), engine, clutch, steering, transmission, ParkAssist, cruise control, PSM switch, PASM switch, Sport switch, heating, air conditioning and instruments: check operation Manual transmission: change oilAncillary unit mounts and suspension: visual inspection of all rubber mountings and boots for damageChange brake fluidReplace tyre sealantCheck tyre pressure monitoring system batteryPDK transmission: change clutch fluidReplace drive belt PDK transmission: change transmission oilAll-wheel final drive: change oil (911 Carrera only)Copyright byDr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AGAfter Sales EngineeringPrinted in Germany - 11/08Porsche Centre。
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Lab Management 2010 increases the predictability of build-deploy-test workflows to reduce overall risk and accelerate your time to market.MicrosoftVisual Studio L ab Management 2010Creativity UnleashedSimplify virtual lab configuration and management with Microsoft T est Manager 20101, a light-weight and streamlined application that was developed with the self-service user in mind. Now you can administer your labs through intuitive wizards and utilize existing virtual machines to build a Golden Virtual Machine Library for future uses.Simplicity Through IntegrationBuilt on the powerful Windows Server Hyper-V™ platform, Lab Management 2010 offers seamless integration with test and build processes through T eam Foundation Server 20102. This integrated toolset serves a key role in facilitating build automation, application deployment to test environments, and test automationQuality Code EnsuredT ake quality to the next level by benefiting from virtualized test labs. T est applications early and often against production-like environments and release software in a shorter time frame. Lab Management 2010 delivers a predictable build-deploy-test workflow and enables development teams to find quality defects faster.Deploy to a Known ConfigurationLab Management 2010 provides development and test teams with unlimited and instantly-provisioned virtual environments for testing. Within each virtual machine environment, you can explicitly target a particular lab configuration – for example, an application running on a web server that accesses a database server, as shown. Now you can deploy to a knownconfiguration predictably and consistently.T op ten benefits● Increase Operations Efficiency Across the Entire Application LifecycleA powerful virtual lab management technology, LabManagement 2010 streamlines connections and overcomes key barriers across the three pillars of IT: development, QA, and operations. 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Unlock the power of IntelliTrace to enrich the context behind each bug you file.● See What Testers SeeNow developers can reproduce a bug in the exact same environment that the tester used to discover it. T esters can take a full server-side environmental snapshot during any testing activity and attach it to the bugs they file. From the bug form inside the Visual Studio IDE, developers connect to the environment directly. This lets developers see exactly what the tester saw and more easily identify the root cause of the problem. ● Build OptimizationStreamline your build process to continuously integrate, build, and verify changes. With Lab Management 2010, development and QA teams work closely together to schedule builds and plan for the tests required to verify a build. This optimized build process gives QA the visibility and stability it needs with each build.● Self-Servicing Lab ManagementRegardless of your role, self-service virtual labs are at yourfingertips. Virtual environments can be easily accessed through Microsoft T est Manager 2010, including viewing, stopping and restarting of environments from the Environment Viewer. You can also mark them as “in-use” to ensure visibility. ● Cloning with Network IsolationNetwork isolation enables multiple copies of a lab environment to run at the same time without causing network conflicts, such as conflicts due to computer names and Domain Name System (DNS) registration. Now you can enable multiple complex test configurations for testing without any re-configuration of your multi-tier application.● Reduce Hardware Costs With Windows Server Hyper-V™ The Hyper-V platform provides a reliable and optimized virtualization solution that lets you improve serverutilization and reduce costs. It provides a small footprint with minimal overhead and easily plugs into your existing IT environments. Lab configurations from Lab Management 2010 are stored as Hyper-V virtual images, allowing them to be used as both physical and virtual images.1. T o use Microsoft Visual Studio Lab Management 2010 you need T eam Foundation Server 2010 (licensed separately).2. Microsoft T est Manager 2010 is available with Visual Studio Ultimate 2010 or Visual Studio T est Professional 2010, both licensed separately3. IntelliTrace, available with Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate, allows you to look back at a past state of your application with debugging information. 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4 结论以某型号的自升式平台坠物风险较大的作业甲板为对象，根据实际工况建立有限元模型，结果显示立管坠落后不仅会穿透甲板，还依旧以较大的动能继续向下坠落，对下部结构和设备造成很大威胁。
通过将纵骨由角钢替换为T型材和增加纵骨的数量都可以有效防止甲板被击穿，且增加纵骨数量的改良方案效果较为明显。
本研究可以为工程设计实践提供一定的指导。
参考文献：[1]郝灜. 物体坠落对平台甲板冲击破坏的判据研究[D].哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2009.[2]HSE UK. An Examination of the Number andFrequency of Serious Dropped Object and Swinging Load Involving Cranes and Lifting Devices on Offshore Installations for the Period 1981 to 1995[R]. 1996. [3]DNV. Accident Statistics for Mobile Offshore Units onthe UK Continental Shelf 1980—1998[S]. 1996.[4]张海, 刘蕊, 王秀存, 等. 坠落物体产生的冲击载荷对海底管线的损伤分析[J]. 海洋技术, 2008 (1):77-80.[5]ALSOS H S, AMADH J. On the Resistance toPenetration of Stiffened Plates, Part II, Experiments[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2009, 36 (6): 799-807.[6]CHO S R, LEE H S. Experimental and AnalyticalInvestigations on the Response of Stiffened Plates Subjected to Lateral Collisions[J]. Marine Structures, 2009, 22 (1): 84-95.[7]ALSOS H S, AMADH J, HOPPERSTAD O S. On theResistance to Penetration of Stiffened Plates, Part II: Numerical Analysis[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2009, 36 (7): 875-887.[8]DNV. Design Against Accidental Loads, RecommendedPractice: DNV-RP-C204[S]. 2010.[9]BV. Rules for the Classification of Offshore Units[S].2013.[10]彭大炜, 张世联. 结构极限强度分析的三种有限元解法研究[J]. 中国海洋平台, 2010, 25(2): 1-5.《海洋工程结构设计和评估环境条件应用指南（2021）》发布《海洋工程结构设计和评估环境条件应用指南（2021）》于2021年2月22日发布，于2021年4月1日生效。
计算机专业外文文献及翻译微软Visual Studio 微软 Visual Studio1 微软 Visual Studio Visual Studio 是微软公司推出的开发环境，Visual Studio 可以用来创建 Windows 平台下的Windows 应用程序和网络应用程序，也可以用来创建网络服务、智能设备应用程序和 Office 插件。
Visual Studio 是一个来自微软的集成开发环境 IDE(inteqrated development environment)，它可以用来开发由微软视窗，视窗手机，Windows CE、.NET 框架、.NET 精简框架和微软的 Silverlight 支持的控制台和图形用户界面的应用程序以及 Windows 窗体应用程序，网站，Web 应用程序和网络服务中的本地代码连同托管代码。
Visual Studio 包含一个由智能感知和代码重构支持的代码编辑器。
集成的调试工作既作为一个源代码级调试器又可以作为一台机器级调试器。
其他内置工具包括一个窗体设计的 GUI 应用程序，网页设计师，类设计师，数据库架构设计师。
它有几乎各个层面的插件增强功能，包括增加对支持源代码控制系统(如 Subversion 和 Visual SourceSafe)并添加新的工具集设计和可视化编辑器，如特定于域的语言或用于其他方面的软件开发生命周期的工具(例如 Team Foundation Server 的客户端:团队资源管理器)。
Visual Studio 支持不同的编程语言的服务方式的语言，它允许代码编辑器和调试器(在不同程度上)支持几乎所有的编程语言，提供了一个语言特定服务的存在。
内置的语言中包括 C/C 中(通过Visual C)(通过 Visual )，C,中(通过 Visual C,)和 F,(作为Visual Studio2010)，为支持其他语言，如 MPython和 Ruby 等，可通过安装单独的语言服务。
湿法制粒机扭矩测量系统设计发布时间：2021-07-01T16:15:52.917Z 来源：《科学与技术》2021年第29卷7期作者：李守红[导读] 湿法制粒机的终点判断依据有以下几种，第一，时间是最传统的方式，第二，通过功率模块测量电机的驱动功率，李守红基伊埃工程技术（中国）有限公司上海 201400摘要：湿法制粒机的终点判断依据有以下几种，第一，时间是最传统的方式，第二，通过功率模块测量电机的驱动功率，第三，扭矩测量，这是最新的终点判断依据。
本文系统描述扭矩的设计思路，包括硬件设计，软件设计，扭矩的系统验证方法和思路。
本设备设计符合cGMP，FDA对制药设备的要求。
关键词：湿法制粒机终点判断；扭矩测量系统设计；The Design of the Torque Measurement System of the High Shear MixerLishouhong GEA company 201400 ShanghaiAbstract: The end point judgment basis of High shear mixer is the following.First, Time is the most traditional way; Second, through the power cell to measure the motor's driving power, Third, torque measurement, which is the latest end-point judgment basis. This paper describes the design ideas of torque, including hardware design, software design, torque system verification methods and ideas. 设计的必要性该系统设计的目的：降低配方的开发时间，优化配方配比，规范的生产策，实时监控产品批次，研究粉末与粘合剂的关系湿法制粒机的核心是：需对湿颗粒的含水量和颗粒紧实程度进行优化，以获得合理的湿颗粒液体饱和度，以期获得合适并稳定的粉体学特征的颗粒，用于压片、包衣等，通过参数摸索确认湿法制粒的关键工艺参数及工艺设计区间为湿法制粒研究的关键点及难点。
The Pingtan CrossSea Bridge is an impressive engineering marvel that spans the waters between the mainland of Fujian Province and Pingtan Island.This bridge not only serves as a vital transportation link but also as a symbol of modern development and progress in the region.Introduction:The essay begins with an introduction to the Pingtan CrossSea Bridge,highlighting its significance as a key infrastructure project that has transformed connectivity and economic prospects in the area.Historical Background:A brief history of the bridges construction is provided,including the challenges faced during its development.The essay mentions the innovative techniques used to overcome the natural obstacles presented by the sea and the climate.Design and Construction:The essay delves into the technical aspects of the bridges design,such as its length,the materials used,and the architectural ingenuity that allowed it to withstand the forces of nature.It also discusses the construction process,including the timeline and the workforce involved.Economic Impact:The economic benefits of the bridge are explored,emphasizing how it has boosted trade, tourism,and investment in the region.The essay explains how the bridge has reduced travel time and costs,thereby stimulating economic growth and regional integration.Cultural Significance:The cultural importance of the bridge is also highlighted,as it has become a landmark that represents the spirit of innovation and determination of the people in Pingtan and beyond.Environmental Considerations:The essay addresses the environmental impact of the bridge,discussing the measures taken during its construction to minimize harm to local ecosystems and marine life.It also considers the longterm environmental benefits,such as reduced reliance on less sustainable transportation methods.Future Prospects:Looking ahead,the essay speculates on the future role of the Pingtan CrossSea Bridge in the regions development.It considers potential expansions and improvements,as well asthe bridges role in broader regional infrastructure plans.Conclusion:The essay concludes by reiterating the importance of the Pingtan CrossSea Bridge as a testament to human ingenuity and the transformative power of infrastructure on a regions economic and social landscape.Reflection:Finally,the essay reflects on the personal significance of the bridge for the author, perhaps through a personal anecdote or a discussion of how the bridge has impacted the authors life or the lives of the local community.Throughout the essay,the language is descriptive and engaging,aiming to convey the grandeur of the bridge and its multifaceted impact on the region.The essay also strives to be informative,providing readers with a comprehensive understanding of the bridges significance and the implications of its existence.。
逆向工程行业英文表达Reverse engineering is the process of extracting knowledge or design information from a product and reproducing it or creating a new product based on this information. This process is widely used in variousindustries such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, and software development.In the automotive industry, reverse engineering is used to analyze competitor's products, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and develop new products that can compete in the market. For example, a car manufacturer may use reverse engineering to disassemble and analyze a competitor's vehicle to understand its design, materials, and manufacturing techniques. This information can then be used to improvetheir own products and gain a competitive advantage.In the aerospace industry, reverse engineering is used to analyze and replicate components of aircraft, spacecraft, and other aerospace systems. This can be especially useful when original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) no longer support or produce certain components. By reverse engineering these components, aerospace engineers can create new designs orfind alternative suppliers to keep the systems operational.The electronics industry also heavily relies on reverse engineering to understand and replicate complex electronic devices such as microchips, circuit boards, and consumer electronics. This process allows companies to analyze their competitor's products and create similar or improved versions. It is also commonly used to create compatible and interchangeable components for legacy systems that are no longer in production.In software development, reverse engineering is used to understand and modify existing software systems, especiallywhen the original source code is not available. This can be particularly useful for understanding legacy systems, developing patches and updates, and integrating different software systems.The reverse engineering process typically involves several steps. First, the product or system is carefully disassembled, and its components are analyzed and documented. This may involve using advanced imaging technologies, reverse engineering software, and physical measurements. the information collected is used to create a digital model or prototype of the product. This may involve using computer-aided design (CAD) software, 3D scanning, and other modeling tools. Finally, the digital model or prototype is used to produce the new product, either through manufacturing processes or software development.Reverse engineering is a valuable tool for innovation, product development, and problem-solving in variousindustries. However, it is important to note that reverse engineering must be conducted ethically and legally, respecting intellectual property rights and any applicable regulations. Reverse engineering should not be used to infringe on patents, copyrights, or trade secrets.In conclusion, reverse engineering is a crucial processin various industries, allowing companies to understand and improve their products, develop new designs, and maintain and repair existing systems. It is a powerful tool for innovation and competitiveness, but it must be used responsibly and within the boundaries of ethical and legal standards. With the rapid advancements in technology, reverse engineering is expected to continue playing a critical role in the evolution of products and systems across different industries.。
关于逆向设计的书-回复
以下是一些关于逆向设计的书籍推荐：
1. "Reverse Engineering for Beginners" by Dennis Andriesse: 这本书非常适合初学者，介绍了逆向工程的基础知识和技巧。
2. "The Art of Reverse Engineering" by Eldad Eilam: 这本书详细阐述了逆向工程的原理和方法，包括反汇编、调试、动态分析等技术。
3. "Reversing: Secrets of Reverse Engineering" by Eldad Eilam: 这是一本经典的逆向工程书籍，深入探讨了逆向工程的各种技术和工具。
4. "Practical Reverse Engineering: x86, x64, ARM, Windows Kernel, Reversing Tools, and Obfuscation" by Bruce Dang, Alexandre Gazet, and Matt Miller: 这本书涵盖了多种平台和环境下的逆向工程实践，包括Windows内核、ARM架构等。
5. "Reverse Engineering Code with IDA Pro" by Chris Eagle: 这本书专门介绍了IDA Pro这款强大的逆向工程工具的使用方法和技巧。
以上书籍都是逆向设计领域中备受推崇的著作，可以帮助读者深入了解和掌握逆向工程的理论和实践。
