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Highly mechanized Research work
competitiveness
Forestry
The chief forests for commercial use are in areas with high rainfall on the coast or in the coastal highlands of Tasmania, the southeastern and eastern mainland, and along the southwestern coast of Western Australia.
2) Reasons of why service industries are important: Services account for the largest share of economic activity in most countries. (p311) The availability, cost and quality of modern intermediate services – infrastructural, financial, professional, business – affect the competitiveness of products in all sectors Basic services such as health, education, water and sanitation(卫生系统或设备), directly contribute to improving living standards as well as to building human resources.
Warm-Up Questions
Why is Australia often regarded as an export-oriented economy?
Why Australia has the reputation of “the country riding on sheep back?”
With over five million international visitors to Australia per year, tourism has become the nation’s largest services export industry.
The Great Barrier Reef（大堡礁）
Australian Service Industries
1.Tourism industry 2.Transportation 3.Telecommunications and IT market cation Services
Tourism industry
The Northern Territory’s Kakadu National Park
Minerals and Mining Industry
Australia is the world’s the largest exporter of coal, aluminum, diamond and second largest exporter of iron ore, lead and uranium.
1) Various Service Industries: In terms of the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), the service industries cover wholesale and retail trade,
coal
Different kinds of uranium
Manufacturing Industries
The largest one : Food industry (the annual food export value amounts to about 1,000 million Australian dollars) Others : iron and steel, the electronic industry, wool processing, the manufacture of textiles, domestic appliance(家用电器), wood and paper products.
Sydney University
Chinese students for Australia's economy
Foreign Trade and Economic Relations
The factors that have affected Australia’s trading patterns and international economic relations are as follow: 1) The dismantling of the Commonwealth Preference, whereby Commonwealth countries gave each other’s products reduced tariff rates; 2) The creation of the European Community, which produced impediments(障礙) to trade with European countries; 3) The rise of Japan as an economic power; 4) The emergence of other Asian countries as manufactures and exporters.
2) Various minerals: In the terms of minerals, Australia is a country with major deposits of mineral sand, diamonds, coal and large reserves of gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, manganese(錳) and uranium. Australia exports crude oil and liquefied natural gas. The mineral industry is a major source of export earnings. The mineral and energy industry is central to the Australia economy and has been a major catalyst催化剂 to national development.
Unit Three:Economy
Learning Objectives
Have a general view about the agricultural activities in Australia Be informed of the forestry and fishing in Australia Know something about the mining industries in Australia Get acquainted with the major activities in the service sector Understand the role of foreign trade in Australian economy
1) Various Service Industries
Service Industries 服務業
2) Reasons of why service industries are important
3) Australian Service Industries
Service Industries服務業
Wool producer
Cereals, meat, sugar, dairy production, and fruit 1. Wheat 2. Sugar 3. Cotton, rice, tobacco, temperate and tropical fruits, corn, sorghum, and oilseeds. wine Industry (South Australia) Others :2%
Agriculture
Desert and half a desert : 35% Farming land : 63% Livestock gazing
The largest area of land use in Australian agriculture the world’s leading producer Of wool (70%)
travel service, catering and hotel service, transport and telecommunications, finance and insurance, property and business services, government services, health and community services, cultural and recreational services, and personal and other services.
Fishery industry
Australia’s fishery resources are diverse . Over 3000 species of marine and freshwater fish occur in and around it.
Fishery industry
