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Service & Support功耗与温升计算MICROMASTER 4 常问问题 y 2010年10月Question以下链接为西门子公司工业事业部工业自动化和驱动技术集团的服务和支持入口。

(/terms_of_use)关于通用术语应用说明点击以下链接直接进入本文档的下载页面：/WW/view/en/22978972问题MICROMASTER 系列变频器及其附件的功耗是多少？如何计算温升？答案与所有的电气设备相同，变频器运行时同样产生热损耗。

驱动设备需要将热量排出以免过热。

由于多数电子设备要求温度值限制在70度以下（内部结点的温度必须限制在125度或者150度，通常保持在此温度值之下运行），因此最高环境温度或提供给驱动设备的冷却气体的最高温度限制在50度以下，对于某些型号和应用，甚至限制在40度以下（见操作说明书和相关详细规定）。

驱动设备和其他设备通常安装在柜内或者类似的安装环境中，柜内空气温度必须经过计算。

某些情况下，冷空气由外部风扇或者管路提供，计算时需要同时考虑空气的流量和温度。

作为安装设计的一部分，下述步骤可以用来计算温升并选择合适的冷却系统。

1. 计算在最坏情况下的柜内功耗（=柜内环境温度）。

2. 计算柜外最高空气温度或者通过管道供给柜内的空气温度。

3. 计算温升。

如果温升过高，考虑其他的冷却方式（见附件的PDF文档）。

计算温度和功耗的方法请参考以下文档。

Power losses and calculation of the temperature riseTable of content目录1功耗..........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.1.1变频器的功耗........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.1.1.1MICROMASTER 420 (5)主回路电压1 AC 200 V to 240 V (5)主回路电压3 AC 200 V to 240 V (5)主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480 V (5)1.1.2MICROMASTER 430 (6)主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480 V (6)1.1.3MICROMASTER 440 (7)主回路电压1 AC 200 V to 240 V (7)主回路电压3 AC 200 V to 240 V (7)主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480 (8)主回路电压3 AC 500 V to 600 V (8)2附件的功耗...............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.2.1输入电抗器...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.2.2输出电抗器...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.2.3EMC输入滤波器 (10)LC输出滤波器 (11)3电柜温度与冷却空气的计算.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.自然冷却的电柜....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.风冷电柜………....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.高功耗环境...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.空调冷却……........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.4例.............................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.4.1总结......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.5附录..........................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.5.1历史记录...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Power losses and calculation of the temperature rise1 功耗1 功耗功耗，即电柜内所有功率损耗的总和。

功耗应当考虑到电柜内所有可能发热的设备，比如变压器、电源、PLC等等，也包括变频器及其附件。

1.1 驱动器的功耗变频器的效率标明为95%-97% 。

但是，这个效率与手册中说明的“变频器功率”无关，而是与变频器的电功率相关。

例如，一台7.5kw的变频器和电机，在轴端可输出7.5kw的机械功率。

但是，点机会存在机械与电气损耗，包括因为电机功率因数产生的无功电流。

因此，一台7.5kw的变频器最大会输出9或10kw的电功率，并需要10-12kVA的电容量。

请注意，不是所有变频器都有相关数据i。

如果没有相关数据，变频器的满功耗可以认为是额定功率的6% 。

因为负载一般小于满载，功耗也可以相对于满功耗按比例减小，但是不会小于满功耗的1/4。

较小的变频器（1kw以下），功耗相对会比较高以下为MICROMASTER系列变频器的相关数据：i如果标明了“---”，或没有提及订货号，则没有相关数据。

Power losses and calculation of the temperature rise1 功耗Power losses and calculation of the temperature rise 1.1.1 MICROMASTER 420主回路电压1 AC 200 V to 240 V无相关数据。

主回路电压3 AC 200 V to 240 V恒转矩功率 恒转矩损耗外形尺寸(kW) (W)0,12 14 A 0,25 28 A 0,37 38 A 0,55 55 A 0,75 69 A 1,1 82 B 1,5 106 B 2,2 150 B 3 226 C 4 293 C 5,5 393 C主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480 V恒转矩功率 恒转矩损耗外形尺寸(kW) (W)0,37 --- A 0,55 --- A 0,75 --- A 1,1 --- B 1,5 --- B 2,2 122 B 3 164 B 4 212 B 5,5 237 C 7,5 317 C 11 460 C1 功耗Power losses and calculation of the temperature rise1.1.2 MICROMASTER 430主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480 V变转矩功率 变转矩损耗外形尺寸(kW) (W)7,5 382 C 11 522 C 15 643 C 18,5 763 D 22 842 D 30 1160 D 37 1496 E 45 1299 E 55 2667 F 75 3516 F 90 2713 F 110 2585 Fx 132 3368 Fx 160 4026 Gx 200 4795 Gx 250 5801 Gx1 功耗Power losses and calculation of the temperature rise 1.1.3 MICROMASTER 440注意：内置滤波器或无内置滤波器的损耗是一样的。

主回路电压1 AC 200 V to 240 V无相关数据。

主回路电压3 AC 200 V to 240 V恒转矩功率 恒转矩损耗变转矩功率变转矩损耗外形尺寸(kW) (W) (kW) (W)0,12 14 --- --- A 0,25 28 --- --- A 0,37 38 --- --- A 0,55 55 --- --- A 0,75 69 --- --- A 1,1 82 --- --- B 1,5 106 --- --- B 2,2 150 --- --- B 3 226 --- --- C 4 293 5,5 --- C 5,5 393 7,5 --- C 7,5 --- 11 --- D 11 --- 15 --- D 15 --- 18,5 --- D 18,5 --- 22 --- E 22 --- 30 --- E 30 --- 37 --- F 37 --- 45 --- F 45 --- 55 --- F1 功耗主回路电压3 AC 380 V to 480恒转矩功率恒转矩损耗变转矩功率变转矩损耗外形尺寸(kW) (W) (kW) (W)0,37 55 --- --- A0,55 72 --- --- A0,75 93 --- --- A1,1 131 --- --- A1,5 173 --- --- A2,2 155 --- --- B3 203 --- --- B4 269 --- --- B5,5 265 7,5 382 C7,5 382 11 522 C11 522 15 643 C15 643 18,5 763 D18,5 711 22 842 D22 842 30 1160 D30 1074 37 1496 E37 1247 45 1299 E45 2182 55 2667 F55 2667 75 3516 F75 2210 90 2713 F90 2245 110 2585 Fx110 2762 132 3368 Fx132 3332 160 4026 Gx160 3914 200 4795 Gx200 4500 250 5801 Gx主回路电压3 AC 500 V to 600 V无相关数据。

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MIC845Micro-Power Comparator /Battery MonitorTeeny™ is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • General DescriptionThe MIC845 is a precision micro-power voltagecomparator with an on-chip 2.55V reference voltagesource.Intended for voltage monitoring applications, theMIC845 can be used with an external resistor dividerto detect a wide range of voltages, or withoutexternal resistors to directly monitor voltages with itshigh input impedance CMOS input.The MIC845 incorporates a voltage reference andcomparator with fixed internal hysteresis. When the2.55V internal threshold is crossed, the outputswitches polarity.MIC845 is available with a push-pull or open-drainoutput stage. The push-pull output stage isconfigured for both active high or active low output;the open-drain output stage is only configured activehigh.Supply current is extremely low (typically 1µA),making it ideal for portable applications.MIC845 is supplied in Micrel’s Teeny™ 5-lead SC-70 package.Data sheets and support documentation can befound on Micrel’s web site at .Teeny™Features•Extremely low 1µA supply current (typical)• 2.55V on chip reference•±2% voltage threshold accuracy•Optimized for PDAs, cellular telephones, pagers,and other battery-powered devices• Open-drain output can be pulled up to 6Vregardless of supply voltage•5-lead SC-70 packageApplications• PDAs• Pagers• Cordless phones• Portable electronics• Motherboards• Bladed servers____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Typical ApplicationsV REF = 2.55VInternal Fixed HysteresisV OUT2.75V < V DD< 5.5Vto HostpowerNano-Power Battery MonitorOrdering InformationPart NumberStandard Marking Pb-Free Marking* Temperature RangePackage MIC845HBC5 B19 MIC845HYC5 B19 –40° to +85°CSC-70 MIC845LBC5 B20 MIC845LYC5 B20 –40° to +85°C SC-70 MIC845NBC5 B21 MIC845NYC5 B21–40° to +85°CSC-70* Note: Underscore on device marking indicates Pb-Free packaging.Pin ConfigurationOUTVDDSC-70-5 (C5)(TOP VIEW)Pin DescriptionPin Number Pin Name Pin Function1NICNo Internal Connection. A signal applied to this pin will have no effect on device operation.2 GND Ground3 INP Input: Analog input to the comparator. When V INP > V REF + V HYST , V OUT isasserted, and the condition is held until V INP < V REF . OUT (“N” Version) Output: Active-high, open-drain output. This output is low when V INP < V REF , indicating a low voltage input. The output is high when V INP > V REF + V HYST .OUT (“H” Version) Output: Active-high, Push-pull output. This output is low whenV INP < V REF , indicating a low voltage condition. The output is high when V INP > V REF + V HYST .4OUT (“L” Version)Output: Active-low, Push-pull output. This output is high whenV INP < V REF , indicating a low voltage condition. The output is low when V INP > V REF + V HYST .5VDDPower Supply (Input): Independent supply input for internal circuitry.Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)Supply Voltage (V DD)..............................-0.3V to +6V Input Voltage (V INP).................................-0.3V to +6V Output Current (I OUT).........................................20mA Junction Temperature (T J)..............–40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature (T s)...............–65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 5 sec.)..............260°C ESD Rating(3)........................................................3kV Operating Ratings(2)Supply voltage (V DD)........................+2.75V to +5.5V Input Voltage...............................................-0.3 to 6V Ambient Temperature (T A)................–40°C to +85°C Junction to Ambient Thermal Resistance:SC-70(θJA)............................................450°C/WElectrical Characteristics2.75V < V DD < 5.5V; T A = 25°C, Bold values indicate –40°C< T A < +85°C, unless noted.Parameter Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max Units I DD Supply Current No load on output 1 3 µAI INP Input Leakage Current V DD = 5.5V, V INP = 0V .005 10 nAI INP_PD Input Leakage Current in power down V DD = 0V (note 4),V INP = 5.5V.005 10 nAV REF V REF–40°C to 85°C 2.50 2.55 2.60 VV HYST ComparatorHysteresis 8 25 40 mVV OUT Output Voltage, ‘N’ I SINK = 1.6mA, VDD ≥ 2.75V 0.3 VI SINK = 1.6mA, VDD ≥ 2.75V 0.3 VV OUT Output Voltage, ‘L’ and ‘H’I SOURCE = 500µA, VDD ≥ 2.75V0.95× V DD0.99× V DDVV INP = 2.7V to 2.4V 12 39 µs t D PropagationDelayV INP = 2.4V to 2.7V 8 26 µs Notes:1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model: 1.5k in series with 100pF.4. VDD is tied to Gnd, not left floating.Typical Characteristics-200200400600800-40-20020406080TEMPERATURE (°C)V DD = 4.5V V IN = 0VV DD = 0V V IN = 4.5V-2000-1500-1000-500050010001500-40-20020406080TEMPERATURE (°C)V DD = 0V V IN = 4.5VV DD = 4.5V V IN = 0V-20020040060080010001200-40-20020406080TEMPERATURE (°C)I DD vs. TemperatureV DD = 3V V IN = 4.2VV DD = 0V V IN = 4.2V-200200400600800-40-20020406080TEMPERATURE (°C)I IN vs. TemperatureV DD = 0V V IN = 4.2VV DD = 3V V IN = 4.2VBlock DiagramsOUTVOUTVOUTVV OUTV INType H and NV OUTV INType LApplication InformationOutputThe MIC845N output is an open-drain MOSFET, so most applications will require a pull-up resistor. It is recommended that the value of this resistor not exceed 470kΩ, otherwise PCB leakages may begin to dominate and give a false output indication.The output of “N” type devices may be pulled up as high as 6V regardless of the IC’s supply voltage, without damage to the IC.The “H” and “L” versions of MIC845 have push-pull output stages, no pull-up resistors are required. The maximum output voltage of the “H” and “L” versions is V DD.InputMIC845 has been designed to present an almost infinite input resistance at its INP pin making it ideal for monitoring lithium coin cell and back-up batteries. In applications where the ‘battery low’ voltage is 2.55V, MIC845’s INP pin may be tied directly to the cell’s positive terminal without any additional circuitry.MIC845’s input may be subjected to voltages as high as 6V, steady-state, without any adverse effects, regardless of the IC’s supply voltage. This applies even if the supply voltage is zero. 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