unitb自考英语一教材课文翻译
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Unit 21 Text A 语⾔的不确定性 不确定性在我们的⽣活中⽆所不在,以致它⽀配着我们⾔。
我们的⽇常讲话很⼤⼀部分是由probably(⼤概),many(很多),soon(很快),great(很⼤),little(很⼩)⼀类的词构成的。
这些词是什么意思呢?伦敦《泰晤⼠报》最近的⼀篇社论说:“原⼦战争很可能要永远毁灭进⾏原⼦战争的国家。
”我们如何准确理解“likely”(很可能)这个词呢?因为缺乏任何估计这⼀可能性的标准,我们只好听任社论作者去做出判断了。
这类⾔词的不精确性并⾮⼀定要受到批评。
实际上它具有⼀定的价值,因为它容许我们在⽆法作出⼀个精确的数量表述时来表达判断。
不确定的语⾔主要可分三类:(1)像probably(⼤概),possibly(可能),surely(肯定)⼀类的记号,它们表达某⼀主观的、可以量化的可能性;(2)像many(很多),often(常常),soon(很快)⼀类的词,它们也是可以量化的,但它们表⽰的与其说是不能肯定的状态,不如说是⼀个知之不确的数量;(3)像fat(胖),rich(富),drunk(醉)⼀类的词,它们不能将其转化为任何可接受的数字,因为不同的⼈赋予它们的量值不同。
我们⼀直想⽤实验准确说明,在特定语境下⼈们使⽤这些词语所表达的意义以及这些意义怎样随年龄⽽变。
⽐如,⼀名被试者被告诉“公园⾥有很多树”,然后问他“很多”这个词在他看来是指多少。
或者我们叫⼀个孩⼦从⼀个碗⾥拿出“⼀些”糖块,然后我们数数他拿了⼏颗。
我们把他独⾃在场时拿的糖块数和当有⼀个或⼏个孩⼦在场时拿的糖块数,以及让他分给别的孩⼦“⼀些糖”的块数进⾏⽐较。
当然,我们⾸先发现的是数⽬决定于涉及的事物。
对⼤多数⼈来说,“⼀些朋友”意味着⼤约五个,⽽“⼀些树”则指⼤约20棵。
然⽽,同⼀个词在不相关的领域中有时量值相似。
⽐如,表⽰概率的语⾔在预报天⽓和预测政治时似乎所指意思相同:“肯定要”(下⾬或被选)对⼀般⼈意味着70%的机会:“很可能”⼤约有60%的机会:“⼤概会”则⼤约有55%的机会。
1。
Are you interested in English?你对英语感兴趣吗?Why do you think English has become the international language of the modern world?为什么你认为英语已经成为现代世界的国际语言?2.2。
What reasons do you expect the author to give for learning a foreign language?你期望作者学习一门外语的原因是什么?•Five Good Reasons to Learn a Foreign Language学习外语的五个好理由。
Still don't understand learning a foreign language is a good idea?还是不明白学习外语是个好主意?Read the following and you will get the idea!阅读下面的内容,你就会明白了!1.1。
Improve your native language提高你的母语I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out.我知道这可能不太有道理,但听我说完。
⑴ As a person who speaks only one language, you have no basis for comparison;⑴作为一个人,只会说一种语言,你没有比较的基础;all you know is your native language.你只知道你的母语。
In different languages the same idea is often expressed in different ways.在不同的语言中,同样的思想往往以不同的方式表达。
Knowing another language gives you a great measuring stick.了解另一种语言会给你一个很大的衡量标准。
1。
Are you interested in English?你对英语感兴趣吗?Why do you think English has become the international language ofthe modern world?为什么你认为英语已经成为现代世界的国际语言?2.2。
What reasons do you expect the author to give for learning a foreign language?你期望作者学习一门外语的原因是什么??Five Good Reasons to Learn a Foreign Language学习外语的五个好理由。
Still don't understand learning a foreign language is a good idea?还是不明白学习外语是个好主意?Read the following and you will get the idea!阅读下面的内容,你就会明白了!1.1。
Improve your native language提高你的母语I know this might not make sense at first but hear me out.我知道这可能不太有道理,但听我说完。
⑴As a person who speaks only one language, you have no basis forcomparison;⑴作为一个人, 只会说一种语言, 你没有比较的基础;all you know is your native language.你只知道你的母语。
In different languages the same i dea is often expressed in differentways.在不同的语言中,同样的思想往往以不同的方式表达。
Knowing another language gives you a great measuring stick.了解另一种语言会给你一个很大的衡量标准。
It will help you better understand tenses, prepositions and all theother parts of speech we normally take for granted.它将帮助你更好地理解时态、介词以及我们通常认为理所当然的其他部分。
⑵You will find yourself speaking and writing more precise andcreative sentences.⑵你会发现自己口语和写作更精确的和创造性的句子。
There is a reason why most great writers and poets are students ofmany languages.大多数伟大的作家和诗人都是许多语言的学生,这是有原因的。
⑶⑶2.2。
Enhance your experience of travel提升你的旅行体验。
Traveling is one of the great joys of life and also one of the mostexpensive.旅行是人生最大的乐趣之一,也是最昂贵的之一。
Why not get the most out of it?为什么不充分利用它呢?If you don't know the language of the places you visit, you arecompletely excluded from the culture.如果你不知道你访问的地方的语言,你完全被排除在文化之外。
⑷The locals shun you and you are relegated to sightseeing andtaking cheesy photos.⑷当地人避开你, 观光, 潇洒的照片。
⑸Knowing even a few phrases of the language will make a huge difference.⑸了解甚至几个短语的语言会产生巨大的差异。
You will meet many m ore people and find it much e asier to get around. 你会遇到更多的人,你会发现你更容易相处。
People are much m ore receptive if you make a n effort to speak their language.如果你努力说他们的语言,人们会更容易接受。
⑹This can tu rn a frustrating experience into the trip of alifetime.⑹这可以让一个令人沮丧的经历变成你终身难忘的旅程。
3.3 所示。
Languages are beautiful语言是美丽的Language is what makes us human.语言使我们成为人类。
It is the medium we use to share our thoughts with the rest of theworld.它是我们用来与世界其他地方分享我们思想的媒介。
Can you imagine thought without language?你能想象没有语言的思想吗?Great language also has a wonderful musical quality.伟大的语言也有美妙的音乐品质。
Learning a new language is like learning a new way to think and anew way to sing.学习一门新语言就像学习一种新的思维方式和一种新的歌唱方式。
I am o ften struck by new phrases that are profoundly meaningful and melodic.我经常被那些深刻的、有意义的、有旋律的新词所打动。
⑺At those moments I feel grateful to be alive.⑺在那一刻, 我无比感激活着。
Don't sell yourself short by stubbornly ignoring every language butone.不要固执地忽视每一种语言,但不要低估自己。
⑻⑻4.4 所示。
Join the global community加入国际社会Believe it or not, the majority of the world does not speak our mothertongue.信不信由你,世界上大多数人都不会说我们的母语。
We are so isolated that we hardly realize this.我们是如此的孤立以至于我们几乎没有意识到这一点。
⑼The truth is that new t houghts and ideas are appearing everywhereand they are not being immediately translated.⑼事实是, 到处都是出现的新思想和观点, 他们并没有被立即翻译。
⑽The world is getting smaller and we a re coming into contact withmore non-Chinese speakers all the time.⑽世界正变得越来越小, 我们接触更多外国扬声器。
Gain an advantage for yourself in business and personalrelationships by being able to communicate with people in theirlanguage.通过能用自己的语言与人交流,在商务和人际关系中获得优势。
⑾ This will set you apart and gain you immediate respect andcredibility.⑾这将立刻使你脱颖而出, 并获得尊重和信誉。
Last, but not least:最后 , 但并非最不重要的是 :5.5。
It's just plain cool它只是普通的酷I'm not saying you should learn a few corny French pick-up linesand go saying them to everyone you meet, but knowing a foreign tongueand applying it tastefully is undeniably attractive.我并不是说你应该学习一些法国的搭讪用语,并向人说这 些话,但你知道一种外国的语言,并且很有品味地运用它,这无疑是很吸 引人的。
⑿ It implies education, good taste and refinement, and it willcertainly make you stand out against the competition. ⑿这意味着教育、品化,它肯⒀ Imagine sayi ng a beautiful phrase with perfect pronunciation to a lovely coed.⒀想象, 用美丽的辞藻,完美的发音和一个可爱的女生。
You will immediately have her attention;你会立刻引起她的注意;she will be dying to know what it means.她很想知道这意味着什么。
I know this from experience.我从经验中知道。