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Chemical Constituபைடு நூலகம்nts
Physical and Chemical Identification
Pharmacology Action Indication
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Origins
❖ tonic: 滋补剂，补药
❖It is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch. ) Bge. , family Leguminosae.
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木栓层
韧皮部 形成层 木质部
药材黄芪横切面
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Powder
primary walls：初生壁 tassel : 穗
bordered pitted vessels ： 具缘纹孔导管
Yellowish-white. Fibres in bundles or scattered, 8～30μm in diameter, thick-walled, with longitudinal fissures on the surface, the primary walls often separated from the secondary walls, both ends often broken to be tassel-like, or slightly truncated. Bordered-pitted vessels colorless or orange, bordered pits arranged closely. Stone cells occasionally visible, rounded, oblong or irregular, slightly thick-walled.
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Chemical Constituents
(1) Flavonoids:
formononetin，芒柄花黄素 R1＝H R5=OME 3’-hydroxyformonontin (calycosin), 毛蕊异黄酮
R1＝H R5=OME R4＝OH
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Chemical Constituents
furrow: 皱纹 cork：木栓层 exfoliate：脱落 cortex：皮部
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reticulate：网状的
Description
Texture hard and tenacious, uneasily broken, fracture highly fibrous and starchy, bark yellowish-white, wood pale yellow with radiate striations and fissures, the centre part of old root occasionally rotten-wood-shaped, blackish-brown or hollowed. Odour, weak; taste, slightly sweet and slightly bean-like on chewing.
专业英语
黄芪
Astragali Radix
[English Name] Milkvetch Root
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Main contents
Origins Plant Morphology Collection and Preparation Production and Commerce
Description Microscopical Characters
tenacious：粘性的 striation：纹理 fissure: 裂隙 8
Transverse section
phelloderm 栓内层 collenchymatous cells 厚角细胞 sieve tube groups 筛管群 parenchymatous cells 薄壁细胞 lignified 木质化
❖ 2’,3’-dihydroxy-7,4’-dimethoxyisoflavone： 3'–二羟基–7， 4'–二甲氧基异黄烷
❖ 3’-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpane; 3'－羟基–9，10– 二甲氧基紫檀烷
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Saponins
astragaloside
R4 xyl O R3
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Plant Morphology
A perennial herb, 40～80cm high. Main root stout, relatively long and straight. Stem erect, branched at the upper part. Leaves odd-pinnately compound, alternate, with 12～ 18 pairs of pinnae; stipules lanceolate.
H H
OR2
O OH
黄芪皂苷I
R1
R2
R3 R4
glc H Ac Ac
黄芪皂苷II glc H Ac H
黄芪皂苷III H
H
glc H
黄芪皂苷IV glc H
H
H
黄芪皂苷V 黄芪皂苷VI 黄芪皂苷VII
H glc glc
Externally pale brownish-yellow or pale brown, with irregular, longitudinal wrinkles or furrows, cork easily exfoliated, exposing yellowish-white phelloderm, sometimes showing reticulated fibre bundles.
odd-pinnately compound：奇数羽状复叶
Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. pinnae：小叶，由拉丁语转变而来，复数
var. mongholicus (Bge. ) Hsiao:
stipule：托叶
lanceolate ：披针形的
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Description
