可编程序控制器

英文Logic Controller Programmable ControllerEnglish as a Programmable Logic Controller Programmable Controller, 70-80 years in the twentieth century has been referred to as the PC.As the 90's, personal computers developed, also referred to as the PC; plus programmable large area covered by the concept, so the first time the U.S. AB, named PLC programmable logic controller (PLC-Programmable Logic Controller), for convenience, is still referred to as programmable logic controller PLC.It was composed of the PLC programmable control system known as the PCS system, stressed the PLC manufacturers to offer people is a complete system.With the rapid development of information industry, the functions of numerical control machine tools are maturing, CNC machine tools have been completely replaced by the general machine tools, and CNC machining automation technology is the foundation of the moment is the heart of NC machine tool technology, the level of the national strategystatus and reflects the level of comprehensive national strength.NC in turn towards the future of high technology evolution, high speed, efficient, systematic, automated, intelligent, collective direction, and focus on technology applicability and economy.As the z-3040-type radial drilling machine of the electric control system circuit complexity, high failure rate, maintenance of large, low reliability, poor flexibility shortcomings, this paper on the z-3040 with a PLC-type radial drilling machine of the relaycontact transformation analog control system, thus ensuring the electrical control system of rapid, accurate, reasonable, and better meet the needs of actual production and improve economic efficiency.This paper analyzes the z-3040-type radial drilling machine and the technical characteristics of the work cycle process based on the application of ES series is given its technological transformation of PLC system design.The system's hardware and software design are described.Along with the development of numerical control technology, the use of CNC machine tool systems growing varieties, lathes, milling machines, boring machine, drill press, grinders, gear machining and EDM machine tools. In addition, automatic tool change, a process with multiple card processing machining centers, turning centres. 1948, the United States Air Force commissioned by the Parsons company was developed model aircraft propeller blade contour of the processing equipment. The model shape complicated and varied, and high accuracy machining equipment generally find it difficult to adapt, then raised the idea of computer-controlled machine tools. 1949, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States servo research institutions with the assistance of the NC Machine Tool study began, and 1952 Trial Production from the first successful large-scale Vertical Profiling machines converted coordinate CNC milling machine, soon began formal production. At that time, the NC installations tube components, bulky, expensive, in the aviation industry, only a handful of departments to the special needs of the processing of complex components; 1959, manufacturing a transistor components and printed circuit boards, NC entered asecond-generation device, smaller size, the cost has decreased since 1960, a relatively simple and economic control of the NC drill point, and linear control CNC milling machine has developed fairly fast, so that CNC machine tools in the machine manufacturing industry various departments gradually promoted.1965, in the third generation of integrated circuits NC devices, not only small size, less power consumption and increased reliability, and a further decline in prices, and promote a variety of CNC machine tools and production development. At the end of the 1960s, has emerged from a computer directly control more than one machine direct numerical control system (DNC), also known as the Group Control System; a small computer-controlled CNC Systems (CNC), the NC device enter into a small computer features of the fourth generation.1974, the use of microprocessors and the successful development of the semiconductor memory device micro-computer numerically controlled (MNC), which is the fifth-generation CNC system. Fifth-and third-generation compared to expand the functions of NC device has doubled, and the original size is reduced to 1 / 20, lowering the price of 3 / 4, reliability has been greatly improved.In the early 1980s, as the computer hardware and software technology development, there can be a man-machine dialogue automatic procedures, NC device; NC devices getting smaller, can be installed directly on the machine; CNC machine tool automation degree further improved, with automatic monitoring tool breakage detection and automatic workpiece functions.1965, in the third generation of integrated circuits NC devices, not only small size, less power consumption and increased reliability, and a further decline in prices, and promote a variety of CNC machine tools and production development. At the end of the 1960s, has emerged from a computer directly control more than one machine direct numerical control system (DNC), also known as the Group Control System; a small computer-controlled CNC Systems (CNC), the NC device enter into a small computer features of the fourth generation. Along with the development of numerical control technology, the use of CNC machine tool systems growing varieties, lathes, milling machines, boring machine, drill press, grinders, gear machining and EDM machine tools. In addition, automatic tool change, a process with multiple card processing machining centers, turning centres. 1948, the United States Air Force commissioned by the Parsons company was developed model aircraft propeller blade contour of the processing equipment. The model shape complicated and varied, and high accuracy machining equipment generally find it difficult to adapt, then raised the idea of computer-controlled machine tools. 1949, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States servo research institutions with the assistance of the NC Machine Tool study began, and 1952 Trial Production from the first successful large-scale Vertical Profiling machines converted coordinate CNC milling machine, soon began formal production. At that time, the NC installations tube components, bulky, expensive, in the aviation industry, only a handful of departments to the special needs of the processing of complex components; 1959, manufacturing a transistor componentsand printed circuit boards, NC entered a second-generation device, smaller size, the cost has decreased since 1960, a relatively simple and economic control of the NC drill point, and linear control CNC milling macPoint control is controlled only tool or moved to another table from the point that the exact location and then proceed to designated processing, and point-to-point between the path without control. Control of the use of such a CNC drilling machine, CNC boring machine and CNC boring machine, and other coordinates.Linear control is in addition to controlling the linear path starting and ending points of accurate positioning, but also in control between these two points to the designated feed linear cutting speed. Control of the use of such a plane with CNC milling machine milling and turning and grinding ladder axis CNC lathes and with CNC grinding machine, etc..Continuous trajectory control (or contouring control) to control for two or more coordinates the direction of joint campaign. In order to make the tool path processing in accordance with the regulations of the workpiece contour, NC interpolation computing device with the function of the tool trajectory approximation with a minimum of error under the curve, and coordinate the direction of the velocity coordinates to cutting always maintain provisions in the process of feeding speed. Control of the use of such a surface processing can be used in CNC milling machine, CNC lathes, CNC Grinder and processing centres. Divided into open loop servo, semi-closed-loop and closed-loop three types. Open loop servo drives by the line stepper motor, and stepper motor components. Each pulse stepper motor to rotate certain angle through the ball screw mobile platforms to promote a certain distance. This servo mechanism is relatively simple, work stability, and easy to use, but the accuracy and speed of being restricted. Semi-closed loop servo mechanism is relatively lines, Servo amplification circuits, servo motors, speed detector and position detection devices. Position detector installed in the lead screw, or the end of the servo motor, using the rotational angle leadscrew indirectly measured table position. Common servo motor speed DC motor are wide, wide speed range electro-hydraulic servo motor and the motor. A position detector Resolver, and optical pulse generator such as a round grating. This servo to the accuracy, speed and dynamic characteristics than open-loop servo agencies, the majority of small and medium-sized adopted by the NC machine tool.Closed-loop servo mechanism and composition of the working principle and semi-closed loop servo identical position detector is installed in the table, a table can be directly measured the actual location accuracy is higher than the semi-closed-loop feedback control, but the master Debugging is very high, commonly used in the large-scale and high-precision CNC machine tool. Used by the closed-loop servo-loop servo motor and the same position detector used long grating, long induction or synchronous long magnetic gate.In order to ensure a great machine to process performance and the ability to work for stability, structural design of the CNC machine tool characteristicsis a sufficient rigidity, accuracy, anti-vibration, thermal stability and accuracy of retention. Feed System of a ball screw mechanical transmission chain, HIP leadscrew and seamless gear pair, in order to minimize reverse gap. Machine plastic antifriction Guides, or static rolling guide rail to enhance the smooth movement of low-speed movement and there is no crawling phenomenon.As a result of the wide speed range feed servo motor speed and width of the spindle motor, or less do not have to use gear and gear transmission, which simplifies the machine tool drive mechanism. Paixie machine layout and the workpiece to facilitate loading and unloading, some with automatic CNC machine tools and automatic workpiece Paixie-exchange devices. Most of CNC machine tool using a microprocessor PLC to replace the strong electric cabinets in a lot of relays, improved control of the machine-electric reliability and flexibility. With microelectronic technology, computer technology and the rapid development of software technology, and CNC machine tool control systems at the growing tendency of small and multifunctional, with perfect self-diagnosis function, reliability has greatly improved; NC system itself will be universal automatic programming. 360毕业设计网CNC machine tool types future will be more diversified, multi-processing procedures on the CNC machine tool more and more varieties laser processing technology will be used in the cutting machine, thereby increasing the number of processes on the scope of the CNC machine tool automation a more enhanced and with a variety of control functions, in order to create a flexible manufacturing unit, makes it easy to Machine tools in use there are bound to be some failures, this time to calmly deal with the operator, not blindly processing, in order to avoid more serious consequences, we must focus on retaining the scene until after the maintenance staff to accurately before and after the fault, and participation in a common analysis of issues, as soon as possible troubleshooting. If the reasons for failure are operating, the operator should promptly learned to avoid committing the same mistakes next time.中文可编程序控制器可编程序控制器的英文为Programmable Controller，在二十世纪70-80年代一直简称为PC。