08年真题及标准答案

1-1．下列叙述中，错误的是（）A：世界第一台计算机是美国发明的ENIACB：ENIAC不是存储程序控制的计算机C：世界上第一台投入运行的具有内存储程序控制的计算机是英国人设计并制造EDSAC D：ENIAC是1946年发明的所以1946年开始计算机时代答案：D1-2．香农（Shannon）在信息科学发展史上的主要贡献是创立了（）A．控制论B．狭义信息论C．可计算理论D．逻辑代数答案：B1-3．信息论的创始人（）A：布尔B：图垠C：诺依曼D：香农答案：D1-4．以下叙述错误的是（）。

A）数学中的连续型的问题离散化后才能被计算机处理B）信息技术的核心技术是计算机、微电子和现代通信技术C）图灵机的工作模式为：存储程序，顺序控制D）香农认为信息就是不确定性的消除量答案：C1-5．假定某台电脑通过了图灵测验，则（）A：表明电脑最终能取代人脑B：图灵测验是判断智能的唯一标准C：能够确定这台计算机具备真正的智能D：并不能确定这台计算机具备真正的智能答案：D1-6．第二代计算机的逻辑元件采用（）A：电子管B：晶体管C：中小规模集成电路D：大规模或超大规模集成电路答案：B1-7．下列（）不属于现代信息技术类。

A）电子信息技术B）激光信息技术C）经济信息技术D）生物信息技术答案：C1-8．下列（）不属于信息科学研究内容。

A）通信理论B）智能理论C）控制理论D）结构理论答案：D1-9．关于数据和信息，下列说法错误的是（）。

A）数据是计算机内信息的载体B）信息是加工处理提炼过的数据C）数据经过加工后即成为信息D）信息是有一定含义的、有价值的数据答案：C1-10．下列（）不是信息技术的核心技术。

A）计算机技术B）操作技术C）微电子技术D）现代通信技术答案：B1-11．关于电子计算机特点论述错误的是（）A：运算速度快B：精度高C：有记忆和逻辑判断能力D：运行过程需人工干预答案：D1-12．尽管计算机学科已经成为一个广泛的学科，但其根本问题仍然能行问题，能行问题是指（）A：什么问题够被顺序地处理B：什么问题能够被并行地处理C：什么问题能够被有效地自动地处理D：什么问题能够被智能化地处理答案：C1-13．信息技术是对人类器官的某种拓展，从这意义上来讲，传感技术可以认为是对人体的（）扩展A：思维器官B：神经器官C：效应器官D：感觉器官答案：D1-14．以下（）均属于计算机科学与技术学科的应用层内容。

自考语言学概论真题及答案1．下列关于“语言”的说法，不正确的一项是（）A．语言就是人们说出来的话 B．语言是一种有声符号系统C．语言系统由多个子系统组成 D．语言是人类最重要的交际工具2．下列属性中，风声、雨声、喷嚏声、咳嗽声均不具有的一项是（）A．生理属性 B．自然属性C．社会属性 D．物理属性3．下列各组元音中，都属于圆唇元音的一组是（）A．[i，u] B．C． D．[o，y]4．下列词语中，不属于派生构词的一项是（）A．rewrite B．catsC．teacher D．unafraid5．下列词语中，不属于偏义复合词的一项是（）A．妻子 B．国家C．开关 D．忘记6．下列各项中，不属于“语”的是（）A．惯用语 B．歇后语C．成语 D．术语7．美国语言学家乔姆斯基创立的语法理论是（）A．结构语法理论 B．功能语法理论C．生成语法理论 D．认知语法理论8．在“这道题我们做过”这个语言片段中，“这道题”和“我们做过”的性质是（）A．既是成分，也是组合 B．是成分，不是组合C．不是成分，也不是组合 D．是组合，不是成分9．英语“John loves she”这句话是病句，其错误在于（）A．性 B．格C．数 D．态10．下列关于义项的表述，正确的一项是（）A．义项只包括词的理性意义 B．义项包括词的临时意义C．义项是词典释义的最小单位 D．词的多个义项并非总有关联11．下列关于语义场的表述，不正确的一项是（）A．语义场是词义系统性的重要表现 B．语义场与上下位词关系密切C．语义场是一个层级体系 D．不同语义场的系统性是均衡的12．“行为”和“行径”在词义上最主要的差别在于（）A．感情色彩不同 B．形象色彩不同C．语体色彩不同 D．理性意义不同13．下列文字系统中，属于自源文字的是（）A．苏美尔文字 B．阿拉伯文字C．腓尼基文字 D．拉丁文字14．由意音文字换用表音文字，属于（）A．文字的创制 B．正字法改革C．文字类型改革 D．字符类型改革15．下列关于“语言转用”的表述，不正确的一项是（）A．语言转用是语言统一的重要形式B．双语现象并非一定导致语言转用C．语言转用以民族融合为必要条件D．语言间的密切接触是语言转用的重要条件16．语汇系统中最为稳固而不易变化的是（）A．一般语汇 B．基本语汇C．通用语汇 D．专用语汇17．感性思维（前思维）活动不包括（）A．视觉和听觉 B．触觉和知觉C．记忆和想象 D．情感和意志18．一般儿童能跟成年人差不多一样地说话的年龄是（）A．1岁左右 B．3岁左右C．5岁左右 D．12岁左右19．下列关于母语教学的表述中，不正确的一项是（）A．母语教学主要指中小学阶段的语言教学B．母语教学的目的就是学会使用一种语言C．母语教学的任务包括提高逻辑思维能力D．母语教学也注重提高文化素质20．对于中介语的错误类型，目前较多采用的分类是（）A．系统前错误、系统错误、系统后错误B．语法错误、语汇错误、语音错误C．可容忍的错误、部分容忍的错误、不能容忍的错误D．目标语判断性错误、来源语干扰性错误二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

页眉内容2008年一建建筑工程真题一、单项选择题（共40题，每题1分。

每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意）场景（一）某幼儿园教学楼为3层混合结构，基础采用M5水泥砂浆砌筑，主体结构用M5水泥石灰混合砂浆砌筑；2层有一外阳台，采用悬挑梁加端头梁结构。

悬挑梁外挑长度为2.4m，阳台栏板高度为1.1m。

为了增加幼儿的活动空间，幼儿园在阳台增铺花岗石地面，厚度为100mm，将阳台改为幼儿室外活动场地。

另外有一广告公司与幼儿园协商后，在阳台端头梁栏板上加挂了一个灯箱广告牌，但经设计院验算，悬挑梁受力已接近设计荷载，要求将广告牌立即拆除。

根据场景（一）。

回答下列问题。

1、本工程主体结构所用的水泥石灰混合砂浆与基础所用的水泥砂浆相比，其（D）显著提高。

A．吸湿性B．耐水性C．耐久性D．和易性2、按荷载随时间的变异分类，在阳台上增铺花岗石地面，导致荷载增加，对端头梁来说是增加（A）。

A．永久荷载B．可变荷载C．间接荷载D．偶然荷载3、阳台改为幼儿室外活动场地，栏板的高度应至少增加（B）m。

A．0.05B．0.10C．0.20D．0.304、拆除广告牌，是为了悬挑梁能够满足（B）要求。

A．适用性B．安全性C．耐疲劳性D．耐久性5、在阳台端头梁栏板上加挂灯箱广告牌会增加悬挑梁的（B）。

A．扭矩和拉力B．弯矩和剪力C．扭矩和剪力D．扭矩和弯矩场景（二）南方某城市商场建设项目，设计使用年限为50年。

按施工进度计划，主体施工适逢夏季（最高气温>30℃），主体框架采用C30混凝土浇筑，为二类使用环境。

填充采用空心砖水泥沙浆砌筑。

内部各层营业空间的墙面、柱面分别采用石材、涂料或木质材料装饰。

根据场景（二），回答下列问题。

6、根据混凝土结构的耐久性要求，本工程主体混凝土的最大水灰比、最小水泥用量、最大氯离子含量和最大碱含量以及（C）应符合有关规定。

A．最低抗渗等级B．最大干湿变形C．最低强度等级D．最高强度等级7、按《建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准）GB50068--2001的规定，本工程按设计使用年限分类应为（C）类。

江苏省睢宁⾼级中学史永作者授权英语(Q吧)周报发布第⼀部分听⼒（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录⾳内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡。

（共5⼩题；每⼩题1分，满分5分）听下⾯5段对话。

每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。

每段对话仅读⼀遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡ 19.15.B. ￡ 9.15.C. ￡ 9.18.答案是B。

1. What is the weather like?A. It’s raining.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s sunny.2. Who will go to China next month?A. Lucy.B. Alice.C. Richard.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. The man’s sister.B. A film.C. An actor.4. Where will the speakers meet?A. In Room 340.B. In Room 314.C. In Room 223.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In an office.C. At home.第⼆节（共15 ⼩题；每⼩题1分，满分15分）听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。

每段对话或独⽩后有⼏个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话或独⽩前后，你将有时间阅读各个⼩题，每⼩题5秒钟；听完后，各⼩题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独⽩读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6⾄8题。

6. Why did the woman go to New York?A. To spend some time with the baby.B. To look after her sister.C. To find a new job.7. Hoe old was the baby when the woman left New York?A. Two months.B. Five months.C. Seven months.8. What did the woman like doing most with the baby?A. Holding him.B. Playing with him.C. Feeding him.听第7段材料，回答第9⾄11题。

1.某煤种收到基元素分析：M ar =10.1%，A ar =26.8%，C ar =48.4%，H ar =3.6%，O ar =10.2%，N ar =0.6%，S ar =0.3%，求该煤种干燥基灰分是多少？A 22.7%B 24.5%C 27.4%D 29.8%答案【】主要解答过程：2.某煤种收到基元素分析；C ar =47.2%，H ar =3.3%, O ar =6.5%，N ar =0.6%，S ar =0.8%，M ar =5.6%，A ar =36.0%，Q ar.gr =19193kJ/kg，空气干燥基水分M ad =1.2%。

求该煤种空气干燥基的低位发热量是多少？A 18987kJ/kgB 19281kJ/kgC 19312kJ/kg D20088kJ/kg答案【】主要解答过程：3.测得某燃煤锅炉的炉渣、飞灰及漏煤中碳的质量分数；C k =0.214，C fh =0.413，C lm =0.3731；煤中的灰分在三者中的质量分数是；a k =0.70，a fh =0.0796，a lm =0.2204；燃料消耗量B=0.023kg/s，燃煤的Q =22906kJ/kg，A ar =20.76%，该锅炉的机械未完全燃烧损失是多少？A10.20% B11.20% C13.40% D14.50%答案【】主要解答过程：4.汽轮机某一级有关参数见右图，求该级的反动度和相对内效率分别为多少？A 0.24，76% B0.26，76% C 0.28，77% D 0.30，77%答案【】主要解答过程：5.某汽轮机，为保证发电能力，需要凝汽器的真空度保持在某数据，该真空度对应的乏汽饱和温度为36.6℃，已知；此时排入凝汽器的乏汽量为90t/h，乏汽的汽化潜热为2200KJ/kg；循环水进水温度为20℃，凝汽器的传热端差为7℃，此时需要通入多少循环水量（t/h），才能保持所需真空值？（假设；常温水的比热容C=4.187kJ/kg.℃A1596t/h B2364t/h C 2848t/h D4926t/h答案【】主要解答过程：6.某单级逆流再生纳离子交换器，直径φ800，内装001x7离子交换树脂，树脂交换层高1.5m，压层高度0.2m。

2008年国家公务员考试行政能力测验试题和答案详解第一部分言语理解与表达（共40题，参考时限30分钟）本部分中每道题包含一段话或一个句子，后面是一个不完整的陈述，要求你从四个选项中选出一个来完成陈述。

注意：答案可能是完成对所给文字主要意思的提要，也可能是满足陈述中其他方面的要求，你的选项应与所提要求最相符合。

请开始答题：1.在古典传统里，和谐的反面是千篇一律。

“君子和而不同，小人同而不和”，所以和谐的一个条件是对于多样性的认同。

中国人甚至在孔子之前就有了对于和谐的经典认识与体现。

中国古代的音乐艺术很发达，特别是一些中国乐器，像钟、磬、瑟等各种完全不同的乐器按照一定的韵律奏出动听的音乐，但如果只有一种乐器就会非常单调。

对这段文字概括最准确的是：A．和谐观念源于中国古代音乐B．差异是和谐的一个必要条件C．中国人很早就产生了和谐观念D．音乐是对和谐的经典认识与体现2．“黑马”一词其实是从英语舶来的，原指体育界一鸣惊人的后起之秀，后指实力难测的竞争者或在某一领域独树一帜的人，无贬义或政治含义。

首先在英文中使用“黑马”的人，是英国前首相狄斯累利，他在一本小说中这样描写赛马的场面：“两匹公认拔尖的赛马竟然落后了，一匹…黑马‟，以压倒性优势飞奔。

后台上的观众惊呼：…黑马！黑马！‟”从此，“黑马”便成了一个有特殊意义的名词。

这段文字的主要意思是：A．论证“黑马”词义的起源B．阐释“黑马”一词的内涵C．分析“黑马”的词义演变D．介绍“黑马”的感情色彩3．中国的沙漠为科学家提供了与火星环境最为相似的实验室。

科学家们已经去过地球上最为寒冷的南极洲，也去过地球上最为干燥的智利阿塔卡马沙漠，但他们真正需要的是将这两者结合起来的极端环境。

科学家们相信，假如生命能够在地球上这些最极端的环境中生存，那么人们也有理由期待在外星球上发现生物。

这段文字意在说明：A．中国沙漠为外星研究提供了理想的场所B．中国沙漠比南极洲更适合进行生物研究C．科学家为何选择中国沙漠作为研究对象D．具有最极端的环境是中国沙漠的主要特点4．中国古人将阴历月的大月定为30天，小月定为29天，一年有12个月，即354天，比阳历年少了11天多。

2008年法律硕士联考试题参考答案及解析刑法学一、单项选择题1．C 【解析】直接考察刑法第十七条第 2 款：已满十四周不满十六周岁的人，犯故意杀人、故意伤害致人重伤或者死亡、强奸、抢劫、贩卖毒品、放火、爆炸、投毒罪的，应当负刑事责任。

该知识点必考知识点，几乎每年涉及。

如 2004 年单选题 1、下列行为中已满 14 周岁不满 16 周岁的人应当负刑事责任的是（B）。

A、走私毒品 B、贩卖毒品 C、决水 D、拐卖妇女、儿童。

2．B 【解析】修正的犯罪构成。

该知识点重点，2006 年单选题 3 曾经涉及到，而且比该题难度要大。

如：2006 年单选题 3、甲教唆乙在某学校食堂的面粉中投放“毒鼠强”一包，造成数十人中毒死亡的结果。

法院认定甲构成投放危险物质罪。

甲的行为具备（D）:A、标准的犯罪构成 B、复杂的犯罪构成 C、基本的犯罪构成 D、修正的犯罪构成。

3．D 【解析】不作为行为。

该知识点为重点，2005 年单选题 3 曾经涉及到，难度比该题大很多，还涉及纯正不纯正的判断。

如：2005 年单选题 3、甲因为重男轻女，将妻子刚生下才 3 天的女婴包裹好放在医院门口，躲在一边观察。

见有群众围观、议论，便放心离开。

第二天一早，甲又到医院门口察看，见女婴还在，但女婴却因晚间气温过低被冻死。

法官据此判决甲构成遗弃罪。

甲的行为属于（C）。

A、纯正的作为犯 B、不纯正的作为犯 C、纯正的不作为犯 D、不纯正的不作为犯4．B【解析】直接考察刑法第十八条第 1 款：精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结果，经法定程序鉴定确认的，不负刑事责任，但是应当责令他的家属或者监护人严加看管和医疗；在必要的时候，由政府强制医疗。

5．C 【解析】直接考察刑法第二十一条第 3 款：第一款中关于避免本人危险的规定，不适用于职务上、业务上负有特定责任的人。

----小结，单单从以上 5 道选择题来看，选择题或以法条直接出题，或以以往的题为基础出题，但总的来看，难度有所降低。

大学英语A级考试历年全真试卷2008年12月考生学校考生姓名考试时间月日时至时注意事项一、将校名、姓名、学校代号、准考证号和试卷代号填写在答题纸上。

二、所有答案均应做在答题纸上，写在试题册上的答案一律无效。

三、客观题必须用2B铅笔答题；主观题可以用钢笔或圆珠笔填写。

注意保持答题纸卷面整洁、清楚。

四、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作答错处理。

选定答案后，在相应字母的中间划一条横线。

划线的浓度要盖过字母底色。

五、考试时间为120分钟。

考试结束时，把试题册、答题纸和翻译/作文纸放在桌上。

监考人员收卷后考生才可离开考场。

提示一、《大学英语A级考试历年全真试卷与详解》由十一套试卷组成，全为近年考过的真题。

试题均配有参考答案和详细的解答，并配录音文字材料和两盘录音带，是参加A级考试的考生临考前实战演练的首选题库。

二、同学们通过做历年全真试卷，可以了解历年试卷的形式、时间以及要求，从而能更加准确地把握考试动向、命题规律以及试题难易度。

三、做题时要科学安排时间，严格按照规定答题。

全部考试时间为120分钟，不得拖延时间。

四、做完每套试卷后及时核对参考答案，对于似是而非的题目，要究根到底。

对于自己的薄弱环节，要有重点，有针对性地进行复习提高。

Listening Comprehension(15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Directions：This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue，there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A)，B)，C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example：You will hear：You will read：A) New York City.B) An evening party.C) An air trip. D) The man’s job.From the dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to New York. Therefore，C) An air trip is the correct answer. You should mark C) on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.[A][B][C]— [D]Now the test will begin.1. A) Close the window.B) Open the window.C) Turn off the TV.D) Turn on the radio.2. A) He's in his office. B) He's in a meeting.C) He's on a business trip. D) He's on holiday.3. A) Take a Chinese course. B) Visit China.C) Stay at home. D) Go to a summer camp.4. A) The water is too cold. B) The pool is too far away.C) The pool is too crowded. D) The weather is too hot.5. A) 4 days. B) 14 days. C) 24 days. D) 40 days.Directions：This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation，there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question，you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A)，B)，C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation 16. A) A single room with a bath. B) A single room with a shower.C) A double room with a bath. D) A double room with a shower.7. A) 100 dollars. B) 150 dollars. C) 200 dollars. D) 250 dollars.8. A) A fitness gym. B) A tennis court.C) A swimming pool. D) A table tennis room.Conversation 29. A) By the last name. B) By the first name.C) By the middle name. D) By the full name.10. A) The short holidays. B) The low salaries.C) The small offices. D) The informal clothes.Directions：This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When you hear a question，you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen tothe passage.11. How many kinds of doctors are there in the US？.12. Where is the family doctor's office？In the where their patients live.13. What do family doctors often do？They the health of everyone in the family.14. What kind of diseases do specialists treat？Special health problems，such as a disease or a broken bone.15. What is very important to Americans according to the passage？They should buy medical .Structure (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Directions：In this section，there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.16. Allan is looking forward to his American partner at the trade fair.A) meet B) meeting C) be meeting D) having met17. The sales manager had his secretary a press conference for their new products.A) arrange B) to arrange C) have arranged D) arranged18. The message Mr. Black was elected chairman of the committee arrived just in time.A) which B) what C) that D) how19. They had talked only for a few minutes they found they were of different opinions.A) unless B) while C) before D) once20. By the time you come to see me next month，I my term paper.A) have completed B) complete C) am completingD) will have completed21. It is important to provide an environment people are encouraged to make suggestions at all levels of the company.A) from which B) on which C) in which D) for which22. The scientists wanted to keep people about the breakthrough in their experiment.A) inform B) informed C) informingD) to inform23. When I first arrived in Japan，I was surprised the way people greeted each other.A) of B) to C) with D) at24. Not until that day the importance of good manners in a job interview.A) did I realize B) I did realize C) I have realizedD) have I realized25. The market economy is quickly changing people's idea on is accepted.A) that B) which C) what D) howDirections：There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in eachblank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26. He tried to solve the problem，but he (quick) gave up.27. The guest paid (little) money than he should for the room.28. It is far more (interest) for me to chat online with friends than to watch TV.29. Finally the woman found her (lose) child with the help of the police.30. The boss gave him a raise in salary because of his excellent (perform) at work.31. This hospital，which (equip) with modern facilities，is one of the best in the country.32. Before (write) an application letter，you should be aware what kind of people the employer needs.33. In the past few years，traffic problems (become) more and more serious.34. It's really (wonder) to see you here again in Beijing.35. If I (be) you，I wouldn't miss the job interview tomorrow morning.Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Directions：After reading the following passage，you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements，numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.The iMove database(数据库) is a foreignlanguage information platform for persons interested in job opportunities offered by German companies. The information can be obtained in seven languages：German，English，French，Spanish，Chinese，Russian and Arabic.All programs in the area of professional training are carried out by German training providers. All these programs have a clear content to meet your special needs.Programs which take place in Germany are carried out in English. Many of the German training providers have started their training activities towards the international market. Therefore，they also offer courses abroad. These courses are taught in English or the language of the target country. Providers will be glad to supply you with additional information on these courses. You can contact the provider directly to find out more about a program and the training provider.To guarantee high standards in the database，iMOVE has developed quality standards for training providers and their services. All of the training facilities in the iMOVE database have to follow these quality criteria(标准). All training providers who publish their international training programs in the iMOVE database have recognized our General Terms and Conditions.36. The iMOVE database is intended for persons who .A) seek a job as a language translator B) are interested in the German languageC) want to be employed by German companies D) wish to work for professional training providers37. The iMOVE programs are carried out by .A) language training centers B) German training providersC) special service developers D) overseas employment advisers38. The training programs held in Germany are taught in .A) German B) English C) French D) Chinese39. Which of the following measures has iMOVE taken to guarantee its high standards？A) Offering different language courses. B) Providing modern training facilities.C) Starting training courses overseas. D) Developing quality standards.40. The purpose of the passage is to .A) advertise the iMOVE databaseB) make German companies more popularC) hire overseas employees to work in GermanyD) encourage people to learn more foreign languagesDirections：This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.It is so easy to earn rewards！A wide range of partners wherever you goTo make traveling even easier，Air France offers you Frequency Plus(常旅客里程奖励计划) through an extensive network of our partners. Together，they give you endless opportunities to earn Miles and a wide choice of Rewards，from airline tickets，hotel roomnights，car rentals and more.Partners in ChinaIf you are a Frequency Plus member registered in China，you have even more choices with rewards from our local partners. For more information，please contact your local Air France office.First rewards start as low as 20,000 Miles！Your Temporary CardStart earning the Miles that will make you get your first Reward，now.a) Show your Temporary Card and simply give your Card number when making a reservation and at checkin for your flight. In this way，you will begin to earn Miles even before receiving your Permanent Card.b) Fill in and return your personal membership(会员) application today. Your application must be received within 3 weeks of your first flight.Remember，you will enjoy an extra 3,000 Bonus Miles(额外奖励里程) for your first trip with Air France within 6 months of joining. Fly today and earn Rewards sooner！41. Air France carries out its Frequency Plus .A) through its reduced ticket prices B) through its extensive network of partnersC) by providing convenient flight schedules D) by offering excellent services on board42. In order to get the first reward，passengers must fly at least .A) for 6 months B) 20,000 milesC) 3,000 bonus Miles D) once in three weeks43. Passengers can begin to earn Miles .A) if they reserve tickets at a hotel B) if they buy tickets at the airportC) before receiving the Permanent Card D) after receiving the Permanent Card44. Passengers should send their application to Air France .A) upon receiving the application form B) within 3 weeks of their first flightC) before their first flight with Air France D) within 6 months of joining the program45. The extra bonus Miles for a passenger's first trip with Air France within 6 months of joining is .A) 2,000 miles B) 3,000 miles C) 20,000 miles D) 30,000 milesDirections：The following is Memo. After reading it，you are required to complete the outline below it (No. 46 to No. 50). You should write your answers briefly (in no more than three words) on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.The College of Business Management (CBM) is seeking new members to represent the college as Student Ambassadors (大使). The Ambassadors selected will represent the college during the school year. Their term of service will begin during the autumn. Student Ambassadors will have the opportunity tocooperate with students at various activities throughout the school year.Purposes：1.Promote the College of Business Management.2.Improve leadership and communication skills.3.Assist in the recruitment of students to CBM.Qualifications and Requirements：1.Must currently be a fulltime student in the College of Business Management.2.Must be available to assist with various recruitment activities.3.Must be able to contact students from various backgrounds.Application Procedure：1.Print a copy of the application form from our website.plete the application form and return it to the Student Advising Office.For More Information：Contact Mark Davis at 4722310 or stop by the Student Advising Office.Student Ambassadors WantedTerm of service：throughout the school yearTasks：1.represent the 46as Student Ambassadors2.cooperate with students at 47Purposes：1.promote CBM2.improve leadership and 48skills3.assist in the recruitment activitiesQualifications：must be a 49student in CBMApplication Procedure：1.print a copy of the application formplete the form3.return it to the 50Directions：The following is a list of medical terms. After reading it，you are required to find the items equivalent to (与……等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet，numbered 51 through 55. A——physical checkupB——biological clockC——pulse rateD——high blood pressureE——sleep habitsF——overthecounter (OTC) medicineG——side effectH——personality testI——operating roomJ——sense of wellbeingK——faceliftL——compulsive overeatingM——stress selftestN——plastic surgeonO——heart beatP——behavior therapyQ——terminal stageExamples：(K)面部整容(N) 整形外科医生51.()心跳()非处方药52.()手术室()强迫性过度饮食53.()副作用()生物钟54.()高血压()脉搏率55.()睡眠习惯()体检Directions：The following is a business letter. After reading it，you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in no more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Gmail (Google Email) NoticeSubject：Your Gmail account has been inactive for a long timeFrom “The Gmail Team”gmailnoreply@Time 2008062614∶12∶55To wanghaiyan@Hi there，We've noticed that you haven't used your Gmail account，wanghaiyan@，for quite some time. In order to make Gmail better for our users，we've added a lot of things in the last few months and we hope you'll want to start using your account again.Stop worrying about storage(存储量). Your account now has 5000 megabytes(兆字节) of free storage and our plan is to continue growing your storage by giving you more space as we are able.The Gmial interface(界面) is now available in 12 languages. If you don't see the language you want on this list，look for it in the future because we're going to keep adding more.We're still working hard every day to build for you the best email service around. But to keep Gmail great for our users，we may have to close inactive accounts after 9 months. So，we hope you'll give us another chance. To log in(登录) to your Gmail account，just visit：http：//gmail. .Thanks.The Gmail Team56. Why does the Gmail Team write to the Gmail user？Because the user hasn't used his / her Gmail for quite some time.57. What kind of storage the user's account now has？It now has 5,000 megabytes of storage.58. How many languages are available in the Gmail interface now？.59. What may happen to the user's account if it is inactive for 9 months？The Gmail team may have to the user's account.60. What is the purpose of the Gmail team in sending this email？They hope the user will the account.Translation—English into Chinese (25 minutes)Directions：This part，numbered 61 through 65，is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. After each of the sentences numbered61 to64，you will read four choices of suggested translation. You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. And for the paragraph numbered 65，write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.61. I believe my education，training and personal qualities meet the requirements you set for the position of electrical engineer.A) 我认为我受的教育和培训，以及个人素质正是你们要求的，我会努力履行电气工程师的职务。

2008年河南省普通高等学校 选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试高等数学 答案及解析一. 单项选择题（每题2分，共计60分）1.答案：C 【解析】：C x x x ⇒<≤-⇒⎩⎨⎧≥+>-120201.2.答案：C【解析】：0033sin cos 21lim===⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛π--π→x x x D x xx ⇒=⨯=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛π-π→312323cos sin 2lim 3.3.答案：B【解析】： ,1111313lim 11-=-=+--→xxx B x xx x xx ⇒===+-++→→13ln 33ln 3lim 1313lim 11000110. 4.答案：B【解析】：显然只有22sin lim 0=→xxx ,其他三个都不存在,应选B.5.答案：D【解析】： 22~)1ln(x x +,D x x x ⇒=-2~2sin 2cos 122. 6.答案：A【解析】：⇒=-==+--→-→1)1(,1)(lim ,1)(lim 111f x f x f x x )(x f 在1-=x 处连续;⇒===+-→→1)0(,0)(lim ,1)(lim 001f x f x f x x )(x f 在0=x 处不连续;应选A.7.答案：D 【解析】： D k f e xy x⇒-=⇒='⇒++='212)0(112法. 8.答案：C【解析】：3)(lim 3)(3lim 0)0()(lim )0(000-=α+-=α+-=--='→→→xx x x x x f x f f x x x ,应选C. 9.答案：B【解析】：='='⇒==])ln(ln [)(ln )(ln )()ln(ln x x x y e x x f x x x x )ln(ln )(ln )(ln 1x x x x x +-,应选B. 10.答案：D【解析】：⇒⨯=⇒-=t t t dx y d t t dx dy sin cos 31cos 1cos sin 2222 =π=422x dxyd 234,应选D. 11.答案：C【解析】：验证罗尔中值定理的条件,只有21x y -=满足,应选C. 12.答案：B【解析】：⇒=⇒==''006x x y )2,0(-,应选B. 13.答案：B 【解析】：,0|1|1lim =-∞→x x B x x ⇒∞=-→|1|1lim 1.14.答案：D【解析】：⇒-=''⇒+='=21)(ln 1)ln ()(xx f x x x x f C x dx dx x f x +-=-=''⎰⎰)(2,应选D. 15.答案：A 【解析】：C x x dx x x x x dx x x dx +--=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡---=--=+-⎰⎰⎰13ln 21113121)1)(3(342,应选A. 16.答案：B【解析】：此题有问题,定积分是一个常数,有111214≤+≤x ,根据定积分的估值性质,有121≤≤I ,但这个常数也在其它三个区间,都应该正确,但真题中答案是B.17.答案：D 【解析】：显然应选D. 18.答案：D 【解析】：=-⎰-33|1|dx x =-+-⎰⎰-3113|1||1|dx x dx x ⎰⎰-+--3113)1()1(dx x dx x ,应选D.19.答案：A【解析】：对⎰+-=xdt t t t f x f 022cos 1sin )(22ln )(两边求有:xxx f x f x f cos 1sin )(2)()(2+-=', 即有 ⎰⎰++=+-=⇒+-='xx d dx x x x f x x x f cos 1)cos 1(cos 1sin )(cos 1sin )( C x ++=)cos 1ln(,还初始条件2ln )0(=f ,代入得0=C ,应选A.20.答案：C【解析】：令⎰-=11)(dx x f a ,则a x x f 211)(-+=, 故有⎰⎰--⇒=⇒-=-+==111112)211()(a a dx a x dx x f a =)(x f 21+x ,应选C.21.答案：C【解析】：⎰⎰⎰======22200222)()(21)()(21)()(21e e t x e x d x xf t d t tf x d x f x I ,应选C.22.答案：D【解析】：n s n s⊥⇒-==}7,3,4{},1,9,5{ ,而点(-2,-4,0)不在平面内,为平行,应选D. 23.答案：A 【解析】： 22222200222200)11)((lim11limy x y x y x y x y x y x y x +++++=-+++→→→→2)11(lim 2200=+++=→→y x y x ,应选A.24.答案：A【解析】：令z y x z y x F -+=22),,(,⇒-='='='1)5,2,1(,4)5,2,1(,2)5,2,1(z y x F F F⇒=---+-0)5()2(4)1(2z y x 542=-+z y x ,也可以把点（1，2，5）代入方程验证,应选A.25.答案：B【解析】： ⇒-=∂∂233xy x y z =∂∂∂xy z 22233y x -,应选B. 26.答案：C【解析】：根据二重积分的可加性, 6),(=⎰⎰dxdy y x f D,应选C.27.答案：C 【解析】：有⇒=∂∂=∂∂2x x Qy P 此积分与路径无关,取直线段x y x x ,0⎩⎨⎧==从π2变到0,则 02020232)(333)sin 31()3(πππ-===-++⎰⎰⎰x x x x x L e xe xde dx xe dy y y x dx xe y x ]1)21([32-π-=πe ,应选C. 28.答案：B【解析】：0=-'⇒='⇒=y y Ce y Ce y xx,应选B. 29.答案：A【解析】：-1是单特征方程的根,x 是一次多项式,应设xe b ax x y -+=*)(,应选A.30.答案：B 【解析】：级数∑∞=-1100032n n n 的一般项n n 100032-的极限为05001≠,是发散的,应选B. 二、填空题（每题2分，共30分）31.答案：充要条件【解析】：显然为充要条件(充分且必要). 32.答案：单调增加，凹函数【解析】：⇒>-='0cos 1x y 在)2,0(π内单调增加,x y sin =''在π0,2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭内大于零,应为凹的. 33.答案：zx 3-【解析】：⇒='='⇒-++=x F z F a z y x F x z 6,223222zxF F x z z x 3-=''-=∂∂. 34.答案：C x x ++-)1ln(22【解析】：⎰⎰⎰++-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=+==+=C t t dt t t tdt xdx tx )1ln(221112121C x x ++-=)1ln(22.35.答案：0【解析】：函数x x cos 1+在区间⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡ππ-3,3是奇函数，所以⎰ππ⋅-=+330cos 1dx x x .36. 答案：26 【解析】：}2,1,1{102011}1,0,2{},0,1,1{---=--=⨯⇒-=-=kj i AC AB AC AB ，所以ABC ∆的面积为26=. 37.答案：两条平行直线 【解析】：是椭圆柱面与平面2-=x 的交线,为两条平行直线. 38.答案：)1,1(),0,0(【解析】： )1,1(),0,0(03303322⇒⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=-=∂∂=-=∂∂x y yz y x xz.39.答案：0【解析】：⇒=∂∂⇒=00)0,(x z x f 0)0,1(=∂∂xz.40.答案：22【解析】： 22sin cos cos 1cos 14040040440====πππππ⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰x ydy ydx y dy ydy y dx y x. 41.答案：⎰⎰3120)sin ,cos (rdr r r f d θθθπ【解析】：⎰⎰⎰⎰θθθ=π3120)sin ,cos (),(rdr r r f d dxdy y x f D.42.答案：096=+'+''y y y 【解析】： 由x xxe C eC y 3231--+=为通解知,有二重特征根-3,从而9,6==q p ,微分方程为096=+'+''y y y .43.答案：1||<q ，1||≥q 【解析】： 级数∑∞=0n naq是等比级数, 当1||<q 时,级数收敛,当1||≥q 时,级数发散.44.答案：()()11,23131011<<-⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡⋅--∑∞=++x x nn n n 【解析】：21161113121113121)(2x x x x x x x f -⨯-+⨯-=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-++-=--=1100011(1)1(1),(11)362332n n n nn n n n n n x x x x +∞∞∞+===⎡⎤-=---=--<<⎢⎥⋅⎣⎦∑∑∑. 45.答案：发散 【解析】：021lim 2lim lim 2)2(2≠=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=--⨯-∞→∞→∞→e n n n u nn nn n n ,级数发散.三、计算题（每小题5分，共40分）46．求2522232lim +∞→⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+x x x x .【解析】：252)23(32252222522252231312121lim3121lim 32lim 2222⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⨯⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+=⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+-⨯-∞→+∞→+∞→x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x2523252)23(32252223131lim 2121lim 22e eex x x x x x x x ==⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⨯⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=--⨯-∞→∞→.47. 求⎰+→23241limx x dtt t x .【解析】：212lim214lim1lim3403423003242=+=⨯+===+→→→⎰xxx xx dtt t xx x x x .48.已知)21sin(ln x y -=,求dxdy. 【解析】：[][])21sin()21cos(221)21sin()21cos()21sin()21sin(1x x x x x x x dx dy ---='---='--=)21cot(2x --=. 49. 计算不定积分⎰xdx x arctan .【解析】：⎰⎰⎰+⨯-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=dx x x x x x xd xdx x 2222112arctan 22arctan arctan ⎰⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+--=dx x x x 2211121arctan 2 C x x x x ++-=arctan 2121arctan 22. 50.求函数)cos(y x e z x+=的全微分. 【解析】：利用微分的不变性,x x x de y x y x d e y x e d dz )cos()cos()]cos([+++=+=dx e y x y x d y x e x x )cos()()sin(++++-= dx e y x dy dx y x e x x )cos(])[sin(++++-= dy y x e dx y x y x e x x )sin()]sin()[cos(+-+-+=.51．计算⎰⎰σDd y x2，其中D 是由1,,2===xy x y y 所围成的闭区域. 【解析】：积分区域D 如图所示:把区域看作 Y 型,则有⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧≤≤≤≤=y x y y y x D 1,21|),(,故 ⎰⎰⎰⎰=y y D dx y x dy dxdy yx12212yyy yx dy y xdx dy y 122121212211⨯==⎰⎰⎰481731211121213214=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-=⎰y y dy y . 52．求微分方程xex y y sin cos -=+'满足初始条件1)0(-=y 的特解.【解析】：这是一阶线性非齐次微分方程,它对应的齐次微分方程0cos =+'x y y 的通解为x Ce y sin -=,设x e x C y sin )(-=是原方程解,代入方程有x x e e x C sin sin )(--=',即有1)(='x C ,所以C x x C +=)(,故原方程的通解为x xxe Cey sin sin --+=,把初始条件1)0(-=y 代入得:1-=C ,故所求的特解为xex y sin )1(--=.53．求级数∑∞=+013n nn x n 的收敛半径及收敛区间(考虑区间端点).【解析】：这是标准的不缺项的幂级数,收敛半径ρ=1R ,而321lim 33123lim lim 11=++=+⨯+==ρ∞→+∞→+∞→n n n n a a n n n n nn n ,故收敛半径31=R .当31=x 时,级数化为∑∞=+011n n ,这是调和级数,发散的;当31-=x 时,级数化为∑∞=+-01)1(n nn ,这是交错级数,满足莱布尼兹定理的条件,收敛的;所以级数的收敛域为⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-31,31.四、应用题（每题7分，共计14分）54. 过曲线2x y =上一点)1,1(M 作切线L ，D 是由曲线2x y =，切线L 及x 轴所围成的平面图形，求（1）平面图形D 的面积;y x =→yx 11=→ 1（2）该平面图形D 绕x 轴旋转一周所成的旋转体的体积.【解析】：平面图形D 如图所示：因x y 2=',所以切线L 的斜率2)1(='=y k , 切线L 的方程为)1(21-=-x y ,即12-=x y 取x 为积分变量，且]1,0[∈x .（1）平面图形D 的面积为12)(3)12(1212103121102=--=--=⎰⎰x x x dx x dx x S （2）平面图形D 绕x 轴旋转一周所生成旋转体的体积为302345)12(1212315121214π=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-π-π=-π-π=⎰⎰x x x xdx x dx x V x .55.一块铁皮宽为24厘米,把它的两边折上去,做成一正截面为等腰梯形的槽(如下图),要使梯形的面积A 最大,求腰长x 和它对底边的倾斜角α. 【解析】：梯形截面的下底长为x 224-,上底长为 α+-cos 2224x x ,高为αsin x ,所以截面面积为 α⋅-+α+-=sin )224cos 2224(21x x x x A , )20,120(π<α<<<x即αα+α-α=cos sin sin 2sin 2422x x x A ,令⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=α-α+α-α=α∂∂=αα+α-α=∂∂0)sin (cos cos 2cos 240cos sin 2sin 4sin 242222x x x A x x xA得唯一驻点⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧π=α=38x .根据题意可知,截面的面积最大值一定存在,且在20,120:π<α<<<x D 内取得,又函数在D 内只有一个可能的最值点,因此可以断定3,8π=α=x 时,截面的面积最大. 五、证明题（6分）56. 证明方程⎰π--=2cos 1ln dx x e xx 在区间),(3e e 内仅有一个实根. 【证明】：构造函数 ⎰π-+-=02cos 1ln )(dx x e xx x f ,即有22ln sin 2ln )(0+-=+-=⎰πex x xdx e x x x f ,显然函数)(x f 在区间],[3e e 连续,且有06223)(,022)(223<-<+-=>=e e e f e f ,由连续函数的零点定理知方程0)(=x f 即⎰π--=2cos 1ln dx x e xx 在区间),(3e e 有至少有一实数根. 另一方面, e x x f 11)(-='在区间),(3e e 内恒小于零,有方程0)(=xf ,即⎰π--=02cos 1ln dx x e x x 在区间),(3e e 有至多有一实数根.xy x =→2x 224-x α综上所述, 方程⎰π--=02cos 1ln dx x e xx 在区间),(3e e 内仅有一个实根.。