2020年中考英语考点13 定语从句【解析版】

备考2020年中考初中英语定语从句精讲及练习所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子去修饰某一名词或代词。

定语从句一般位于被修饰的名词或代词后面。

在这里，我们需要掌握两个特殊的概念：其一就是先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词；其二就是关系词，即引导定语从句的词，如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等。

在初中阶段，重点掌握的关系词主要为that, which, who, whom和whose等。

考点一：关系代词的用法要掌握定语从句，我们就需要掌握好关系代词的用法。

下面我们就用表格的方式来讲解定语从句关系代词的用法。

【典型考例1】（2019山东滨州）---–Do you know the man ____________ spoke at the meeting just now?--- No, I don’t know.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. whose【析】正确答案：B。

句子意思是：---你认识刚才在会上发言的人吗？---不，我不认识。

先行词the man表人，定语从句的关系词用who。

【典型考例2】（2019山东临沂）Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon _________has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. whoB. whichC. /【析】正确答案：B。

句子意思是：《小猪佩奇》是一部在中国受儿童和父母欢迎和喜爱的英国卡通电影。

先行词a British cartoon表物，所以定语从句的关系词用which。

【典型考例3】（2019甘肃敦煌）I prefer music_____has great lyrics.A.whoB. whose C .that D./【析】正确答案：C。

2020温州中考专题汇编——定语从句一、定语从句概念定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。

如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。

定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。

例句1：The man who/that was here yesterday is a middle school teacher.1. 先行词— man（即从句修饰的名词或代词）;2. 关系代词— who /that（修饰人）。

例句2：This is the town where I was born.1. 先行词— town （即从句修饰的名词）；2. 关系副词— where （修饰地点，从句中状语）。

二：引导词：先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等.that,which，who在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。

三：关系代词引导的定语从句：引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who,whom等。

关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。

The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.先行词关系代词做主语I lost the book ( that/which you gave me).先行词关系代词做宾语❖关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。

❖The woman is my mother. She is speaking at the meeting❖The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.判断步骤：❖（1）要判断出先行词❖（2）要确定关系代词（即先行词）在从句中所担任的成分❖（3）要确定关系代词的人称和数❖注：定语从句的时态不受主句的限制学以致用——一、用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.2. I'll never forget the day________we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _____is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.6. This is the school ______I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place____ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.19. This is the way____he did it.20. Who is the student _____was late for school today?21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him?22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like?23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south.24. He lives in the room, the window_____faces to the south.25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday.26. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday.27. This is the hour_____the place is always full of women and children.28. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice.29. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long.30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend.KEYS:1. when2. when3. which4. that/which5. that6. where7. that/which8. where9. which10. where11. where12. which13. when14. that15. that16. that17. (that)18. which19. (that/in which)20.that 21.that22 that23.whose24. of which25. whose 26. whom27. when28. that29. that30. where二、定语从句单项选择题1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places ______ couldn’t be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _____ water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A. whichB. itC. thatD. what13. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing15. Those___ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn16. Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.A. that againstsB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against17. Didn’t you see the man __________?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about19. Is there anything __________ to you?A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongs20. ---- "How do you like the book?”---- "It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.”A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others22. The train __________ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that23. He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which24. Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which25. It’s the third time __________ late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that you’ve arrivedD. when you’ve arrived参考答案：1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD 16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC。

考点13 定语从句一、教材重点回顾：定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。

考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。

阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。

因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。

定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

The woman who（lives next door is a teacher. ）先行词连接词定语从句二.引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that , which , who(宾格whom ,所有格whose )等,关系副词包括where , when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三.定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系, 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去，意思仍完整。

四.关系代词的用法1. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

( that作主语)The coat ( that) I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

( that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

中考英语语法全考点详解：定语从句定语从句概述1定语从句的概念和位置在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。

定语从句通常位于被修饰词（即先行词）之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。

I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢我能随着跳舞的音乐。

This is the teaching building which was built last year. 这就是去年建成的教学楼。

Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.卡门喜欢演奏不同种类的乐曲的音乐家。

2先行词和关系词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

指代先行词，放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句的某一成分（主语、宾语、表语、状语等）的词叫关系词。

关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that，who，whom，whose，which等；关系副词有when，where，why等。

The man who wears glasses is my father.（who是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语）戴眼镜的那个人是我爸爸。

You must do everything that I do.（that是关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语）我做的每件事你必须都做。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.（where是关系副词，在定语从句中作状语）这是我两年前住过的房子。

注意关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当句子成分，因此定语从句中不能再重复出现相当于先行词的词。

This is the pen that you are looking for. （√）This is the pen that you are looking for the pen. （×）这就是你一直在找的那支钢笔。

2020年中考之宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句宾语从句考点1宾语从句的引导词1. I hope that your dreams will come true.我希望你们的梦想会实现。

◆陈述句(肯定句和否定句)作宾语从句，由that引导，且此类句子中that常可省略。

2. She wants to know if/ whether her uncle likes the new shirt.她想知道她的叔叔是否喜欢那件新衬衫。

I don't know whether or not this coat is yours.我不知道这件大衣是不是你的。

◆一般疑问句作宾语从句由if或whether引导，意为“是否”、“是不是”。

句中或句尾有or not时，只能用whether。

3.The small child doesn't know who Father Christmas is.4.这个小孩儿不知道圣诞老人是谁。

Could you tell me why you are late for school?你能告诉我你为什么上学迟到吗？◆特殊疑问句作宾语从句，由疑问代词who, whom, whose, what, which或者疑问副词when, where, how, why引导。

注意：主语是第一人称，谓语动词为believe, think, suppose, imagine 等，所带的宾语从句是否定句时，通常否定前移。

即：主句用否定形式，而宾语从句用肯定形式。

eg：I don't think that he likes dancing.我认为他不喜欢跳舞。

考点2 宾语从句的语序1. 宾语从句要用陈述语序。

2. 注意：对主语提问的特殊疑问句没有语序变化，因此疑问语序等于陈述语序。

eg：The boy broke the window.那个男孩打破了窗户。

→Who broke the window？谁打破了窗户？→I don't know who broke the window.我不知道是谁打破了窗户。

2020年中考英语定语从句语法复习【名师精选全国真题，值得下载练习】定语从句1、关系代词/ 关系副词的选择。

2、只用that不用which的情况。

3.只用which不用that的情况。

一、定语。

1、定义：定语可翻译为“....的”，主要用来修饰名词（和代词）。

2、分类。

前置定语：定语放在名词前定语后置定语：定语放在名词后3、可充当定语的东西。

①、形容词。

例： a red pen / a tall girl1、简单名词。

例：an apple tree②、名词。

例：an apple tree two apple trees2、sports 例：a sports shoetwo sports shoes3、man/woman 例：one man shoetwo men shoes③、介词短语。

例： a house with a big gardenthe girl in redthe people in Beijing④、动词的过去分词。

例：I have a book written by Luxun.(表被动)比较：The book is written by Luxun.练习:(1)There is a boy _____ (call) Lilei.(2)There is no time ________ (leave).⑤、形容词短语。

例：I have a bottle full of water.⑥、句子。

例：I know the girl who is beautiful.二、定语从句。

1、结构：名词+ 句子（用来修饰前面的名词）I know the girl / who is beautiful.名词句子2、关系代词的选择。

（1）、先行词：被修饰的名词（或代词）专业术语（2）、关系代词：that、which、who、whom、whose例：1）、I know the man who writes many books.2)、She lived in the house which is in front of the school.代替前面先行词的意思；先行词是什么意思，关系代词就是什么意思。

中考专项语法-定语从句第1节 定语从句的先行词和关系词一、定语从句的先行词被定语从句修饰的成分叫__________。

定语从句的先行词主要是指______, ______, ______,_____,及______________ 或________, 有时也可以是____________。

＊二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的词叫作__________。

关系词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在从句中充当一定的成分。

关系词分为____________和___________。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及所作成分如下： 练习题：1. The man _______ has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.2.3.Let’第2节关系词的用法一、关系代词的用法关系代词在句中代替指人或事物的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分。

引导定语从句的关系代词有_______, ________, _______, ________,________等。

1.who / whom 的用法who／whom都用于指人。

who在定语从句中作______、_______，whom在定语从句中作________。

作宾语的关系代词_______,________可以省略（介词后作语的关系代词除外）。

练习题：①—We are proud of Mo Yan.—Yes. He is a great writer ______ won the Noble Prize in Literature in 2012.②—The man ______/_______ you looked for yesterday has already come.③We should look up to those scientists ________ sent Tianzhou-1 Cargo Spaceship (天舟一号货运飞船) to space.④The person to _______ you just talked is Deep.＊注意：who有时可以代替whom作宾语，但whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who。

备战2020中考英语专项练习定语从句观察下列一组句子：I know the most beautiful girl.I know the girl who is the most beautiful.【句子成分分析】I know the girl who is the most beautiful.the girl:who:is…class:一、定义在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。

定语从句放在先行词之后。

I like music that I can dance to.先行词（物）↘引导词She is a girl ( who has long hair.)先行词（人）↘引导词二、引导词定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。

【例1】 ---- Do you know Mo Yan?------ Of course. He is the famous writer ______won the Nobel Prize in 2012.A．who B．whom C．which D. whereIs he the man who wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？He is the man who/whom I saw yesterday. 他是昨天我看到的那个人。

从句中缺少宾语，引导词可用who或whom，如：Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?A. whoB. whomC. whichHe is a man _______ we can learn.A. whomB. from whichC. from whom先行词是人，且介词提前用whom【练一练】He is a boy（______ is confident.）(The boy is confident.)主语He is the teacher for _____ you are waiting.(介词提前)He is the teacher ( ______ you are waiting for.)(You are waiting for the teacher)宾语A. whoB. whomC. whose先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who②引导词在句中作宾语，引导词用whom【解题关键步骤】1. 确定主句和从句2. 从句缺少的是主语还是宾语3. 判断先行词是指人还是指物【练一练】1. Is this the man ______ you talk to yesterday?A. whoB. whatC. which2. He is the man _______ teaches us English.A. whoB. from whichC. which【例2】 Please pass me the cartoon book ______has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.A．whom B．whose C．who D．which解析：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

英语（统考）A卷。

第一部分听力一、听句子, 根据所听到的内容选择正确答语。

每小题念两遍。

1. A. Nice to meet you! B. Good morning! C. How are you?2. A. Thank you. B. You're welcome. C. Sounds fun.3. A. Good idea. B. I think so. C. No way.4. A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. Certainly.5. A. What a pity! B. That's funny! C. See you there!二、听句子, 选择与所听句子内容相符的图片。

每小题念两遍。

三、听对话, 根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案。

每小题念两遍。

11. A. Birthday cakes. B. Long noodles. C. Eggs.12. A. To bow. B. To kiss. C. To shake hands.13. A. Scary movies. B. Comedies. C. Action movies.14. A. Their favorite day. B. Their favorite subjects. C. Their favorite teacher.15. A. Nine months. B. Three years. C. A long period of time.16. A. By using Wechat. B. By writing letters. C. By talking on the phone.17. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.18. A. It's sold. B. It's colorful for her. C. It's small for her.19. A. ￥2. 5. B. ￥3. C. ￥4.20. A. In a bookstore. B. In a restaurant. C. In the teacher's office.四、听短文, 根据短文内容选择正确答案。

2020全国中考英语试题分类汇编：定语从句1.—Have you watched the TV play" In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?—It' s the most popular play _______our Party' s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).A.where showB.which showC.that showsD.who shows【来源】四川达州【答案】C【解析】句意：—你看过电视剧《人民的名义》吗？—这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。

考查定语从句。

当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候，关系代词只能用that。

故选C。

2.– What kind of teachers do you like?– I like the teachers _______ are friendly to us.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose【来源】湖南邵阳【答案】A【解析】句意：—你喜欢什么样的老师？—我喜欢对我们好的老师。

who引导定语从句，修饰人，作为主语，宾语或表语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作为宾语或表语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作为主语，宾语或表语；whose谁的，引导定语从句，作定语。

此处修饰的先行词teachers表示人，定语从句缺少主语，故用who，故选 A。

3.T h e man______ is talking to my math teacher is my father.A.whoB.whichC.what【来源】湖南邵阳【答案】A【解析】句意：那个正在和我的数学老师谈话的人是我的爸爸。

who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人，who在从句中作主语或者宾语；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。