大鱼文库高考英语巩固练习：长难句理解技巧

高考英语阅读理解长难句的处理技巧高考英语考试的关键在与理解，很多学生在长难句理解方面有所欠缺，下面就是给大家带来的高考英语阅读理解长难句的处理技巧，希望大家喜欢！一、处理长难句的原则方法如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的单句，可这样处理：跳读修饰成分，迅速找出主谓结构。

这样一来，我们便可以将长句化为短句，将难句化为易句。

具体步骤是：先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义；然后再分段理解修饰成分或附加成分。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的并列句，可这样处理：先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清句子前后是顺连关系还是反连关系，是因果关系还是转折关系等，最后再根据不同的语境关系正确理解句意。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清从句的性质，即弄清它是什么从句——名词性从句，还是状语从句，或是定语从句。

注意，弄清从句性质对于理解复合句的意思至关重要。

另外，有一点要提醒同学们，在处理长难句时，如果既能正确理解句意，又能将其准确地译成中文，那是最好了。

但是，对于有些长难句，要在较短时间内（如在参加考试时）将其译成中文比较困难，此时只要能正确理解其意思就行了，如果硬要勉为其难地译成中文，不仅会浪费时间，而且在许多情况也没有必要。

二、经典高考真题实例分析下面这篇*共有194个单词，却只有9个句子，平均每个句子大约有22个单词，是近几年高考英语阅读理解中一篇比较典型的集中含有长难句的*。

*内容如下：Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海军上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 mileseast of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利领土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.【解题分析】1. 跳读插入语：请看*第一段的第一句。

高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法高考英语经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法是指在高考英语考试中，经典的长难句结构和其中关键词汇的用法。

在分析长难句结构时，需要对句子的主干和从句进行分析，弄清楚从句与主句的逻辑关系。

同时，还需注意从句中的定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等的使用。

在词汇用法方面，需要注意一些经典的短语搭配、固定搭配和词义辨析等。

以下是一些常见的经典长难句分析及重点词汇用法：1.分析长难句结构：A. 定语从句：用来修饰前面的名词或代词，一般使用关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）引导。

例句：The boy who is reading over there is my brother.B. 状语从句：用来表示时间、原因、条件、结果等，一般使用连词（when, while, since, because, if, unless, so that）引导。

C. 名词性从句：用来作主语、宾语、表语等，一般使用连词（that, whether, if, what, who）引导。

例句：What he said is very important.2.重点词汇用法：A. 短语搭配：要熟悉一些常见的短语搭配，如make up, take place, break down等。

例句：I need to make up my mind before making a decision.B. 固定搭配：要掌握一些固定的词语搭配，如keep in mind, take into account, depend on等。

例句：You should keep in mind that practice makes perfect.C. 词义辨析：要注意一些词义相近但用法不同的词语，如affect和effect, accept和except, advice和advise等。

例句：The medicine will have an effect on your health.。

高考英语长难句分析与基础语法知识点突破在高考英语中，长难句的理解和基础语法知识点的掌握对于取得高分至关重要。

很多同学在面对复杂的长难句时感到困惑，对基础语法的运用也不够熟练，这直接影响了阅读理解、写作等多个板块的得分。

接下来，让我们深入探讨一下高考英语中的长难句分析和基础语法知识点的突破方法。

一、长难句分析长难句之所以让同学们感到头疼，主要是因为它们通常包含较多的修饰成分、从句以及复杂的句式结构。

要攻克长难句，首先要学会划分句子成分。

（一）找出句子的主干句子的主干通常包括主语、谓语和宾语。

例如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting” 这个句子中，“The book”是主语，“is”是谓语，“interesting”是表语。

而“that I bought yesterday”则是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“book”。

（二）分析从句高考英语中常见的从句有定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等。

定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词，如“The man who is standing there i s my teacher” 中，“who is standing there”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“man”。

宾语从句在句子中作宾语，比如“I don't know what he is doing” ，“what he is doing”就是宾语从句。

状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件等，像“If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home” 这里的“If it rains tomorrow”就是一个条件状语从句。

（三）理清修饰成分修饰成分包括形容词、副词、介词短语等。

它们的作用是对句子的主干进行补充和说明。

比如，“The girl in the red dress is my sister” 中，“in the red dress”是一个介词短语，作后置定语，修饰“girl”。

高考英语阅读理解长难句的处理技巧一、处理长难句的原则方法如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的单句，可这样处理：跳读修饰成分，迅速找出主谓结构。

这样一来，我们便可以将长句化为短句，将难句化为易句。

具体步骤是：先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义；然后再分段理解修饰成分或附加成分。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的并列句，可这样处理：先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清句子前后是顺连关系还是反连关系，是因果关系还是转折关系等，最后再根据不同的语境关系正确理解句意。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清从句的性质，即弄清它是什么从句。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清名词性从句，还是状语从句，或是定语从句。

注意，弄清从句性质对于理解复合句的意思至关重要。

另外，有一点要提醒同学们，在处理长难句时，如果既能正确理解句意，又能将其准确地译成中文，那是最好了。

但是，对于有些长难句，要在较短时间内（如在参加考试时）将其译成中文比较困难，此时只要能正确理解其意思就行了，如果硬要勉为其难地译成中文，不仅会浪费时间，而且在许多情况也没有必要。

二、经典高考真题实例分析下面这篇文章共有194个单词，却只有9个句子，平均每个句子大约有22个单词，是近几年高考英语阅读理解中一篇比较典型的.集中含有长难句的文章。

A 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海军上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few ing in a clos e second――and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island――is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbour, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America.The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more thana thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chileanterritory(智利领土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.【解题分析】1. 跳读插入语：请看文章第一段的第一句。

高考英语长难句解析知识点高考英语中，长难句是考生们最常遇到的问题之一。

理解和分析长难句不仅能帮助考生在阅读理解中把握句意，还能提高考生在写作和翻译中的表达能力。

本文将从定义、特征、解析方法和练习等方面介绍高考英语中长难句的相关知识点。

一、定义长难句指的是结构复杂，修饰成分繁多，整体长度较长的句子。

它通常由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成，通过连接词或引导词来构建一个完整的句子。

二、特征1. 结构复杂：长难句的结构通常比较复杂，修饰成分较多，包含多个主谓宾短结构或包含多个从句。

2. 信息密集：长难句往往包含大量的信息，需要仔细分析才能理解其中的逻辑关系和修辞手法。

3. 句式多变：长难句可以采用多种句式，如倒装句、强调句、条件状语从句等，考生需对这些句式进行辨析和理解。

三、解析方法在解析长难句时，可以采用以下方法：1. 分割长句：将长难句按照不同的句子成分进行拆分和分割，逐个解释每个部分的含义，再整合起来理解整个句子的意思。

2. 确定主句和从句：通过分析句子结构和关键词，确定主句和从句的关系，从而更好地理解句子的逻辑关系。

3. 分析句子成分：注意分析和理解句子中的修饰成分和定语从句，加强对从句的理解，从而把握整个句子的意思。

4. 理清逻辑关系：注意分析句子中的因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等逻辑关系，从而更好地理解句子的意思。

5. 注意句法成分：分析句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、状语等句法成分的作用和关系，有助于理解句子的语法结构。

四、练习为了提高长难句的理解和分析能力，考生可以进行一些练习：1. 阅读理解：选择一些较难的阅读理解题目，从中提取并分析出长难句，找出其主句和从句之间的关系。

2. 句子改写：将一些简单句子改写成长难句，考察句子结构的灵活运用和对从句的掌握。

3. 句子分析：选择一些经典的长难句进行分析，找出其中的主句、从句和句子成分，并理清逻辑关系。

总结：掌握长难句解析的知识点对于高考英语的考生来说至关重要。

【通用版】高考英语专题复习：阅读理解长难句技巧+精讲+精练英语学习中，特别是阅读理解中，“长难句”最麻烦。

但是，对于长难句也并非无计可施，我们可以通过分析英语句子中的重要特点，即“三长两短一并列”，江湖人称“括号法”，帮助同学们轻松解决长难句问题！什么是“三长两短一并列”我们先来看两句话：① 我是李华。

(I am Li Hua.)② 我爱你。

(I love you. )这两句话中只有“主干成分”而没有“修饰成分”。

像这样的句子，中文和英文的“语序”(单词排列顺序) 基本是一致的，都是“主-系-表”或者“主-谓-宾”，理解起来非常容易。

然而，加上修饰成分后，中文与英文句子之间的语序就会发生变化。

来看两个例子：① 我是安徽的李华。

( I am Li Hua from Anhui. )② 我全心全意地爱你。

( I love you with all my heart. )从例子中可以看出，修饰成分在中英文中出现的位置是不一样的。

而当一个句子中有很多个修饰成分时，该句子就会变得很长，不易理解。

例如：After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.这个句子中含有大量的“介词短语”这种修饰成分。

我们给这个句子中的全部介词短语加上括号，该句就会变成：(After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned(to my office).此时大家便可发现，这个句子虽然很长，但是真正的主干其实只有I returned 两个单词而已。

可见，介词短语正是让英语句子变得又长又难的原因之一！当然，以上几个句子还比较简单（少量介词短语对句意理解的影响不大），但是，当句子中出现更多类似介词短语的修饰成分时，可想而知，由于中英文语序的不同，英文句子会变得“面目全非”，令人难以理解。

高考长难句解析有什么诀窍在高考英语中，长难句的解析一直是众多考生面临的一大难题。

这些复杂的句子结构常常让人感到困惑，影响对文章的理解和答题的准确性。

那么，究竟有没有什么诀窍可以帮助我们轻松应对高考中的长难句呢？答案是肯定的。

首先，要想解析长难句，我们必须具备扎实的语法基础知识。

语法就像是建造房屋的基石，没有它，我们很难理解句子的结构和成分。

要熟悉各种词性，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等，了解它们在句子中的作用。

同时，对于句子的基本结构，如主谓宾、主系表等，要有清晰的认识。

还要掌握各种从句，如定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等的特点和用法。

只有当我们对语法有了深入的理解，才能在面对长难句时迅速找到句子的核心成分，理清其逻辑关系。

其次，学会划分句子结构是关键。

当我们遇到一个长难句时，可以先找出句子的主干，也就是主谓宾或者主系表结构。

通常，主语是动作的执行者或者被描述的对象，谓语表示主语的动作或状态，宾语则是动作的承受者。

例如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”这个句子中，“The book is very interesting”就是主干，“that I bought yesterday”是定语从句，用来修饰先行词“the book”。

通过这样的划分，我们就能更清楚地理解句子的主要意思。

再者，积累常见的短语和固定搭配也非常重要。

很多长难句之所以难以理解，是因为其中包含了一些我们不熟悉的短语和固定搭配。

比如，“put up with”（忍受）、“come up with”（想出）、“make up for”（弥补）等等。

如果我们对这些常见的表达不熟悉，就很容易在理解句子时出现偏差。

因此，平时要多积累、多背诵，这样在遇到长难句时，就能更快地识别出这些短语，从而准确理解句子的含义。

另外，注意句子中的逻辑关系词也是一个重要的诀窍。

逻辑关系词如“and”“but”“so”“because”“although”等，能够帮助我们理解句子之间的逻辑关系。

高考英语长难句解题技巧（附练习题）要对英语长难句精准分析，大家首先需要掌握英语句子的基本结构、句式和句子的类型。

其次，分析长难句，不妨按照“去枝叶留主干移位置”的方法并按照以下的步骤来进行：1）找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，从整体上把握句子的结构，搞清楚句子的“主干”。

2）找出句中所有的修饰成分，如形容词、副词、非谓语动词、介词短语等，搞清楚他们各自的作用，这些都是句子的“绿叶”。

3）分析句子的语法功能，是并列句还是复合句，是名词性从句还是定语从句、状语从句等，这些都是句子的“树枝”。

4）注意插入语等其他成分及某些次要成分的特殊用法和含义。

5）注意句子是否有特殊的结构，如倒装、强调等。

例析例析①The gravity of the situation shocked Bob Geldof，an Iris musician，so he organized a charity concert called Live Aid to raise money for the victims of hunger in Ethiopia.（p.2 M10）在上述句中，an Iris musician 为Bob Geldof 的同位语，说明他的身份。

因此该句可简化为：The gravity of thesituation shocked Bob Geldof。

而连词so连接一个并列句，表结果。

该句意为“he organized a charity concert”，而a charity concert 后的called Live Aid 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰说明 a charity concert，同时后面还有动词不定式短语to raise money for the victims of hunger in Ethiopia作为he organized a charity concert的目的状语（为何组织音乐会）。

长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。

巩固练习一、长难句翻译（句子都源于2015高考阅读理解）1.But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to k eep their children under their wings.2.And if you want to improve your chances of having a creat ive idea while you’re daydreaming,try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple,like taking a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings.3.If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的)species on this planet.4.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.5.Ⅲ-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life,including ourselves,have adapted.6.We've grown so u sed to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet V enus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly bey ond our experience,bey on d memory almost.7.She’d look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers,beam her need,and then wait,trusting I would understand—which,strangely,I almost always did。