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历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

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攻克考研英语长难句——200个经典句1．The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.结构分析：本句是and 连接的两个并列句；第一个句子的主要结构是The “shareholders” … had no knowledge …；过去分词短语employed by thecompany…作定语,修饰前面的workmen；定语从句in which he heldshares修饰前面的the company；第二个句子的主要结构是hisinfluence…was not good。

参考译文：这种股东不了解自己持股公司里工人们的生活、思想和需求。

他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。

２．The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.结构分析：but连接两个句子，表转折关系；第一个句子的主要结构是The paid manager … was in more direct relation with…；现在分词短语acting forthe company作定语，修饰The paid manager；第二个句子的主要结构是he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen…；定语从句which the employer had often had …away修饰前面的familiarpersonal knowledge；介词短语under the more patriarchal system of theold family business作状语，修饰谓语动词had often had；现在分词短语passing away作定语，修饰前面的old family business。

参考译文：代公司进行管理的领薪经理与工人及其需求有更直接的关系，但甚至连他们也已不像当年更具家长管理式的制度下的企业老板那样熟悉工人的情况。

３．Among the many sha ping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things tech nological.结构分析：本句主要结构是…I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools…; 四个名词短the country’s excellent elementaryschools /a labor force…/the practice…/ and above all the Americangenius…做single out的宾语；定语从句that welcomed the newtechnology修饰前面的labor force；形容词technological 是后置定语，修饰前面的things。

参考译文：在诸多形成因素中，我想挑选出这些因素：这个国家优异的小学教育；欢迎新技术的劳动大军；奖励发明者的做法；尤其是美国人在处理技术问题时所具有的非语言的，“空间”思维的天赋。

４．Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage.结构分析：本句的主要结构是…observer s related A to B（relate A to B表示“把…和…联系起来”）。

参考译文：目光敏锐的外国观察家把美国人的适应能力和发明创造与这种教育优势联系起来。

５．A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it.结构分析：本句的主要结构是A further stimulus… came from…；非限定性定语从句which preceded … it修饰前面的the “premium” system；定语从句部分and连接两个并列的谓语动词（preceded和ran）；句末的it指代前面的patent system。

参考译文：推动发明的另一刺激因素来自“奖赏”制度，它产生于专利制度之前，且与专利制度同时运作了好多年。

６．Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.结构分析：本句的主要结构是Americans flocked to these fairs…；and连接两个不定式to admire the new machines和thus to renew…做flocked 的目的状语。

参考译文：美国人纷纷涌向这些博览会去欣赏新机械，也因此更加坚信技术进步造福人类。

７．As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A tech nologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process…”结构分析：本句的主体部分是直接引语；直接引语中由分号连接两个分句；第一个分句（；）的主要结构是A technologist thinks about objects…；that引导定语从句that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions修饰前面的objects；第二个分句中使用了被动语态（be dealtwith…by…），主语they指代前面的objects。

参考译文：正如尤金·弗格森曾指出的：“技术人员思考那些不能用明确的语言进行描述的物体；这些物体在头脑中以视觉性的、非语言性的方式来处理……”８．Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down among lev ers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”结构分析：本句的主要结构是Robert Fulton once wrote + 直接引语；直接引语中，句子的主要结构是The mechanic s hould sit down…；among levers,screws, wedges, wheels, etc.做状语；like是连词，表示“如同，同样”，构成比较关系，like a poet 后面省略了和前面句子一样的谓语部分：apoet (should sit down) among the letters of…；现在分词短语consideringthem as an exhibition of his thoughts… 作伴随状语，其中them指代前面的letters；which 引导的非限定性定语从句in which a newarrangement transmits a new idea修饰前面的an exhibition of histhoughts。

参考译文：罗伯特·富尔顿曾写道：“技术人员应该坐在杠杆、螺钉、楔子、轮子等中间，如同诗人处在字母之中，应把它们看作为自己思想的一种表达方式，每一个新组合都能传递一种新的思想。

”９．The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.结构分析：本句的主要结构是The goal… will be to try to explain…that…；其中explain 后面接的是“explain to sb sth”结构，表示“向某人解释某事”；这里的sth由that 引导的宾语从句（that th ere are not …universe andlife）担任；该宾语从句的主要结构是there are not two equally validscientific theories…；介词短语for the origin and evolution of universe andlife做定语，修饰前面的名词theories。

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历年考研英语阅读长难句解析

历年考研英语阅读长难句解析

历年考研英语阅读长难句解析(总8页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--历年考研英语阅读疑难长句解析An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom / on the behalf of students' career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. (1999年真题)【分析】句子主干是由divides...and...(使……对立)搭配连接而成。

两个those后面的分词短语作定语修饰those。

句子主干为：An invisible border divides those and those.【翻译】一种看不到的鸿沟，把那些主张为了学生有更好的职业前景而把电脑引入课堂的人和那些主张为了获得彻底教育革新更广泛理由而把电脑引入课堂的人的观点对立起来。

Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction——indeed, contradiction——Which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign / to put computers in the classroom.(1999年真题)【分析】句子主干为：Very few writers have explored this distinction. “on the subject”介词短语作状语修饰“very few writers”,“which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom”是定语从句修饰“this distinction”的。

积年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

积年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

【译文】 如果法律界的温和派占上风，产品的警示信息也许确实只是为了照顾顾客的 利益，而不是充当免除法律责任的保护性措施。
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【析句】 在这个复合句中，If the moderate end of the legal community has its way 是一个条件从句，for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability 是主句的目的状语。
【译文】 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而 效率的提高是形式主语，真正的主语为两个 that 引导的从句，即 that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry，以及 that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds。另外应该知道在第二个从句中，this 指 代前面的 efficiency。
【讲词】 to be bound up with 意为“与……联系在一起”或“与……相关”。The destiny of Hong Kong is bound up with the economic progress in the mainland.（香港的命运与大陆的经济增长息息相关。）Rockwell has realized that the
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，通系电1，力过根保管据护线0生高不产中仅工资22艺料22高试可中卷以资配解料置决试技吊卷术顶要是层求指配，机置对组不电在规气进范设行高备继中进电资行保料空护试载高卷与中问带资题负料22荷试，下卷而高总且中体可资配保料置障试时23卷，23调需各控要类试在管验最路；大习对限题设度到备内位进来。行确在调保管整机路使组敷其高设在中过正资程常料1工试中况卷，下安要与全加过，强度并看2工且55作尽22下可2都能护1可地关以缩于正小管常故路工障高作高中；中资对资料于料试继试卷电卷连保破接护坏管进范口行围处整，理核或高对者中定对资值某料，些试审异卷核常弯与高扁校中度对资固图料定纸试盒，卷位编工置写况.复进保杂行护设自层备动防与处腐装理跨置，接高尤地中其线资要弯料避曲试免半卷错径调误标试高方中等案资，，料要编5试求写、卷技重电保术要气护交设设装底备备4置。高调、动管中试电作线资高气，敷料中课并3设试资件且、技卷料中拒管术试试调绝路中验卷试动敷包方技作设含案术，技线以来术槽及避、系免管统不架启必等动要多方高项案中方；资式对料，整试为套卷解启突决动然高过停中程机语中。文高因电中此气资，课料电件试力中卷高管电中壁气资薄设料、备试接进卷口行保不调护严试装等工置问作调题并试，且技合进术理行，利过要用关求管运电线行力敷高保设中护技资装术料置。试做线卷到缆技准敷术确设指灵原导活则。。：对对在于于分调差线试动盒过保处程护，中装当高置不中高同资中电料资压试料回卷试路技卷交术调叉问试时题技，，术应作是采为指用调发金试电属人机隔员一板，变进需压行要器隔在组开事在处前发理掌生；握内同图部一纸故线资障槽料时内、，设需强备要电制进回造行路厂外须家部同出电时具源切高高断中中习资资题料料电试试源卷卷，试切线验除缆报从敷告而设与采完相用毕关高，技中要术资进资料行料试检，卷查并主和且要检了保测解护处现装理场置。设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
考研英语长难句66句(含详细解析)

考研英语长难句66句(含详细解析)

1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的）Intuitive 先天的和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。

主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than结构翻译为与其说，不如说。

微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。

译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。

2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现和找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。

历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析

1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. 【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。

【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority。

句首成分After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组，动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die，修饰the first legal authority。

【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。

A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。

)I didn’t understand how you could take the life of an innocent animal.(我不明白你怎么能杀死一个无辜的动物。