2017高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题1名词、冠词和代词第3讲代词对点巩固

高考英语二轮复习抢分秘笈：冠词、名词、代词（含答案）考点 1 冠词冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：①冠词的泛指、特指②在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法③固定搭配④ a 和an的区别（2017新增）预计2019年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

考向1 不定冠词1. 与可数名词单数连用, 表示类别，泛指一类人或事物。

☞—I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.—You shouldn’t put drinks near a computer.2. 用来表示不确定的某一个, 相当于a certain。

☞—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?—Sorr y, wrong number. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here.3.用于数量、时间等名词前, 表示＂每一（单位）的……＂。

☞I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.4. 在抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时)用不定冠词，使之意义具体化，表示＂一种＂、＂一件＂、＂一份＂等。

☞It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。

(honour是抽象名词，an honour指一件荣誉的事)5. 不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。

☞She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。

专题1 名词、冠词和代词名词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Never before in modern times(time) have workers had so much autonomy over their work days.2．It was curiosity(curious) that drove the little prince into the beautiful garden.3．Barbara has always been encouraged to swim to build up the strength(strong) of her muscles.4．Truman's popularity(popular) increased. However, most Americans did not expect him to win the election.5．We just can't possibly fail completely after all the preparations(prepare) we've made.6．Professor Holtzman's team came up with a good solution(solve) to this problem.7．During our visit, the home was filled with laughter/laughs(laugh).8．The beauty of this tourist spot is really beyond description(describe).9．In his campaign speeches, he kept pounding at the weaknesses(weak) of the government's foreign policy.10．This river opens up suddenly and is about two hundred metres in width(wide)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．American researchers found that child caregivers were at a significantly higher risk for anxious and depression.【答案】anxious→anxiety2．Apart from doing some cleaning for the old people, giving some performance with my friends is another thing I can do.【答案】performance→performances3．Scientists know that plant and animals often change to be able to live in extreme environments.【答案】plant→plants4．If you want to succeed in your studies and in work, the first qualification is honest.【答案】honest→honesty5．In the summer holiday, John Smith will visit some places of interests in southern China.【答案】interests→inte restⅢ.语法填空It was late at night. Two 1.Germans(German) were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs.Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck. She had three 2.thousand(thousand) dollars in her pocket. “W hat should I do? Many 3.thieves(thief) usually bring 4.knives(knife) with them，”she thought in 5.silence(silent). And at the same time the thief happened to touch a 6.sports(sport) suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7.Frenchmen(Frenchman) were sleeping. When he was looking for 8.money(money) or some 9.jewels/jewelry(jewel) in the next room, Mrs.Green woke up her husband quickly and called the 10.police(policeman). Just then the police came up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him.体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：入室盗窃语篇导读：本文讲述了史密斯夫人晚上遇贼、抓贼的经历。

2017年高考一轮复习专题一名词、冠词和代词专题一名词、冠词和代词名词：A卷全国卷语法填空/单句改错：1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract)．2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day) with his sister. 3．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________. 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)．5. (2016·全国Ⅱ)Recent________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.6．(2016·全国Ⅲ)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of ________(apple)．7．(2015·全国Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestonemountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese________(painting)．8．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Many rare animals are dying out.________ 9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，69)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the________(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.10．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Since then—for all these year—we have been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please.________B卷地方卷1．(2016·北京，阅读C)Although these ________(measure) are not effective forever, they are vital for now.2．(2016·北京，阅读D)The college years are supposed to be a time for important ________(grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.and had a bad fall.10．(2015·安徽)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some_______(think) and then let me know.冠词： A卷全国卷1．(2016·全国Ⅰ)In 1931，Addams became________ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for________while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)In that case, we will learn little about world.________ 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)A new collection of photos brings ________unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读C)Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with ________interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．6．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home incountryside.________7．(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.________8．(2014·全国Ⅰ，63)Now, years later, this river is one of________most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.9．(2014·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)As result, the plants are growing everywhere.________ 10．(2014·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________B卷地方卷1．(2016·北京，完形)It was ________ cold January in 1925 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.2．(2016·四川，阅读B)They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make ________ difference in the lives of others.3．(2016·江苏，阅读C)El Ninõ，________Spanish term for “the Christ child”，was named by South American fisherman. 4．(2016·浙江，2)________prize for the winner of the competition is ________two－week holiday in Paris.5．(2015·江苏，33)—Why didn’t you invite John to your birthday party?—Well, you know he’s ________ wet blanket. 6．(2015·浙江，2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write ________ children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.7．(2015·重庆，3)I just heard _______bank where Dora works was robbed by _______gunman wearing a mask. 8．(2015·陕西，14)________ more learned a man is,________more modest he usually becomes. 9．(2015·四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven. 10．(2014·陕西，19)________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.代词：A卷全国卷1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by ________(it) mother. 2．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.________3．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.________4．(2016·全国Ⅲ，短文改错)At first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.________ 5．(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读D)No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.6．(2015·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)We must find ways to protect your environment.________ 7．(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.________ 8．(2014·全国大纲，25)—Who’s that at thedoor?—________is the milkman.9．(2014·全国大纲，短文改错)Otherwise, it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.________B卷地方卷1.(2016·北京，阅读A)For the first time, Ifeel good about ________ (me) because I’m doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good.2．(2016·四川，七选五)Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. However, women, on average, live longer.In general, ________can expect to live six or seven years more than men.3．(2016·四川，短文改错)When my father came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.________4．(2016·浙江)In many ways , the education system in the US is not very differentfrom________in the UK.5．(2015·浙江，12)How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?6．(2015·陕西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ________．7．(2015·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ________ contained any useful suggestions.8．(2014·江西，32)—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?—________．I’ll be in all day. 9．(2014·四川，1)She’d lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.10．(2014·山东)Susan made_______clear to me that she wished to make a new life .专题一参考答案：名词A卷：1.attraction2.days3.honest→honesty4.achievement5.studies6.apples,7.paintings8. airs→air9.changes 10.year→years,名词B卷：1.measures2.growth3. lives4.houseworks→housework5.effects6.adjustments7.apology/apologies8. stress9. balance 10. thought冠词A卷：1. the2. a3.about 后加the4. an5. an6.country 前加 the7.第二个a→the 8. the 9.as后加a 10.去掉第一个the冠词B卷：1. a2. a3. a4.The, a5.a6.a,the7. the, a8.The, the9.a 10.The, a代词A卷：1.i ts2.your→our3.many→much4.yourself →myself5.Those/These/They6.your→our7.saw后加his8. It9.him→them代词B卷:1.myself2.they3. her→his4.that5.it6. other7.neither8.Either9.neither 10. it。

错误![深化认知］一、人称代词的四点注意1．人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中通常作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、表语和同位语等成分。

主格I you he she it we you they宾格me you him her it us you themTom是一名学生，他学习非常努力。

He has a dog to keep him company.他有一条狗陪伴他。

2．人称代词指代的数前后要一致。

The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them。

(them指代the students）必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要.3．句中没有谓语动词或在句中与动词不定式连用，人称代词常用宾格。

—I’d like to go to climb the mountain this weekend。

—Me too.—-这个周末我想去爬山。

—-我也想去。

What! Me (to) play chess with him? No!什么！让我和他下国际象棋?不要!4．在比较级的句子中，than, as后用主格、宾格皆可.To tell the truth, Lucy is more qualified for the job than she/her.说实话，露西比她适合这份工作。

Not having heard of it before，Tom is as surprised as he/him.以前没听说过这件事，汤姆和他一样吃惊。

二、物主代词的四大常识1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词在句中通常作定语，名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。

形容词性物my our his her its their your 主代词学生们在做作业.Your room is big while mine is small。

第一部分专题一第2讲突破点2 1．（2016·河南郑州高三质量预测)That’s just what happened one day in 1940。

Four boys were taking 62.a walk in the woods near Montignac。

【解析】take a walk散步，固定短语。

2．（2016·河北衡水中学高三期末）The two features of life in England that possibly give visitors the worst impressions are the English weather and English cooking. 61.the former is a natural phenomenon and nobody can do anything about it。

【解析】the former前者，固定搭配。

3．（2016·浙江卷）Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we’d greet him at the door。

【解析】at the end of在……末尾，固定短语.【答案】在end前加the4．(2016·湖北黄冈高三质检）I was walking to school this morning when I caught a sight of an old woman with a walking stick lying on the ground.【解析】catch sight of看见，固定短语。

【答案】去掉a5．（2017·福建福州外校高三适应性考试）What made matters worse was the fact that my classmates made a fun of me at times.【解析】make fun of…取笑,固定搭配。

专题二名词和冠词一、名词[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend，...，has had someunintended side effects(effect) such as overweightand heart disease－the very thing the medicalcommunity was trying to fight.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was onlypossible with the introduction(introduce) ofelectric­powered engines and lifts.1.给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；2．给其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)提示词，填写名词；3．名词的固定搭配。

短文改错1.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeatingthe word→words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！”【导学号：33220097】2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Besides，they often get someuseful informations→information from theInternet.1.可数名词单复数的错用；2．混淆名词的可数与不可数。

(对应学生用书第174页)名词的数Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·四川高考)Any smell might attract natural enemies(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 2．(2017·淄博二模)He lost all his keys(key) to the doors，so he had to get them opened by force.Ⅱ.单句改错Though we are now out of danger，the broken bridge is still great danger to car drivers.great前加a[再解读要点]名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。