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《新编科技英语阅读教程》答案5)Keys to ExercisesChapter One Space ExplorationUnit 1 The Benefits of Space Exploration◆Check Your Understanding1. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F2. 1) D 2) C 3) A 4) D 5) B3. 1) spacecraft and satellites 2) curiosity 3) satellite communication4) asteroids the mechanical robot arm◆Language Focus1. 1) substantially 2) predestination 3) obliteration4) horizontal5) forecasted 6) catastrophe 7) huge 8) gleanings9) alloyed 10) implanted2. 1) D 2) A 3) C 4) D 5) B 6) A 7) D 8) C 9) A 10) B3.1) 有想法很重要，因为有了想法就可以在此基础上取得更大成就，并且所取得的成就可以成为里程碑，指引后来者。
2)这一串串想法使人类摆脱了地球引力的束缚。
借助天文望远镜，人类想解释为什么会有宇宙、行星、太阳、月亮，直至为什么会有人类。
3)在太空探索中，人类又有了新的收获，找到了一条开发新能源的线索，这种能源人类从未使用过。
4)卫星网络能给人们提供全球卫星导航系统服务，使基于卫星的互联网和电话成为可能。
5)在太空站和航天飞机的实验中，宇航员已经制造出只能在太空环境中制造的微型电子元件。
Unit 2 The Future of Space Age◆Check Your Understanding1. 1) B 2) D 3) C 4) D 5) A2. 1) Y 2) NG 3) Y 4) N 5) N◆Language Focus1. 1) D 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) B 8) A2. 1) evacuated 2) envisaged 3) alienation 4) elastically5) vulnerability 6) conceivable 7) inelegance 8) diminishingChapter Two Environmental ProtectionUnit 1 Water Contamination◆Check Your Understanding1. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F2. 1) B 2) D 3) A 4) C 5) C3. 1) unmonitored and unregulated 2) the West 3) the homeowner4) arsenic5)bigger◆Language Focus1. 1) excessively 2) agricultural 3) impede 4) acute 5) feuded6) misconception 7) inconstant 8) prevalent 9) congregation 10) contaminants2. 1) A 2) C 3) C 4) D 5) D 6) B 7) C 8) A 9) A 10) B3.1) 地理学家发现，在未经过处理的淡水中，13%会至少有一种微量元素的浓度超出国家健康监管标准。
专题08 科技发展类P P a a r r t t11题题型型总总览览【题型综述】“科技发展”是高中新课程标准话题之一。
该话题包括各领域最新科技知识、最新发明创造等方面。
文章思想性和时代感强，题材涉及发明创造、科技创新、科技与生活、科学研究等。
文章体裁一般为说明文，语篇主要来源于英美主流报刊、杂志和，文章的遣词造句地道，思维逻辑独具英语语言的特点。
这些文章和题目不仅能让考生体会到科学的无限趣味和实际功用，而且促使考生深入思考科技创新在人类生活和发展过程中起到的重要作用。
【技巧点拨】科普类文章的理论性和逻辑性强、篇幅长、生词多、句式结构复杂。
文本结构一般包括五个部分：标题（headline）、导语（introduction）、背景（background）、主干（main body）和结尾（ending）。
标题高度精辟地概括文章中心思想。
高考中科普类阅读理解一般不给标题，反而经常要求考生选择最佳标题。
导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。
背景则交代研究的起因或者问题现状。
主干部分介绍研究所取得的突破，作者往往会详细介绍研究的理论构架、研究对象、研究方法、具体的实验、统计等过程。
结尾通常会再次对中心进行概括、重述研究成果、后续研究的方向等，与导语相呼应。
另外，谙熟选项设置规律，对比原文去伪存真。
掌握选项设置的规律对甄别正确选项大有帮助。
一般说来，正确选项为文中内容的“同义替换”或者“归纳概括”。
而干扰项分为“X冠李戴”、“偷梁换柱”、“无中生有”和“以偏概全”四种类型。
【读相关词】1. accessible adj. 易接近的；可得到的2.automatic adj. 自动的3.breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破4.digital adj. 数字的；数码的5.privilege n. 特权；特殊待遇6.procedure n. 程序；手续7.revolution n. 革命8.drawback n. 缺点；不利条件9.transform v. 改造；改革；变换；改变ptop n. 笔记本电脑11.system n. 系统；体系12.monitor n. 监视器；显示屏13.data n. 数据，资料14.download n．& vt. 下载15.astronaut n. 宇航员16.astronomer n. 天文学家17.atmosphere n. 大气，大气层18.astronomy n. 天文学19.discovery n．发现20.experiment n. 实验21.technology n. 科技22.advanced adj. 高级的23..high-tech adj 高科技的24.systematic adj.有系统的,有计划有步骤的25.indicate v.表明26.represent v.正式] 描绘,展现27.mobile payment 移动支付28.Electronic T oll Collection全自动电子收费29.RFID:radio frequency identification devices 无线电射频标识、电子标签30.sensor network 由传感器组成的传感网31.cloud puting 云计算32.readout 数字读出33.transplant n.& vt.移植34..cyberspace n.网络空间35.WeChat n.微信36.manned spaceship/spacecraft 载人飞船37.artificial intelligence 人工智能38.be equipped with 装备，配备39.on a large scale 大规模地40.potential adj.潜在的；可能的41.artificial adj.人工的；人造的42.have an impact/effect on 对……有影响43.be available to 供……使用44.put forward 提出45.be suitable for 适合46.to a certain degree 在某种程度上47.surf the Internet 上网浏览信息48.have access to/be accessible to 能使用49.with the development of science and technology随着科技的发展50.chat online 在线聊天51.make efriends 交网友52.keep in touch with 与……保持联系53.make a great difference 起很大作用54.change one's life 改变某人的生活55.benefit from ... 得益于，从……获益56.relate to/be linked to 与……有关联57.take the place of 代替58.devote oneself to 致力于59.e true 实现60.keep/catch up with 赶上61.be different from/differ from 与……不同62.enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能做某事63.take sth. into consideration 把某事考虑进去64.lead to/contribute to/result in/bring about 导致65.play an important role in 在某方面起重要作用66.improve the quality of life for humans提高人们的生活质量67.be addicted to 对……上瘾68.distract one's attention 分散某人的注意力69.electric books 电子读物70.text message 手机短信P P a a r r t t22真真题题感感悟悟【真题详解】【2020某某】For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals inother fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let’s say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short mercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the ining sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet es back.Directed sound is a new technology that allows panies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound”creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.46．What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD?A．It causes temporary hearing loss.B．It slows down a running man.C．It makes it easy to identify a suspect.D．It keeps the suspect from hurting others.47．The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to ________. A．silence the people around youB．remove the sound of mercialsC．block the ining sound wavesD．stop unwanted sound from affecting you48．What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share? A．They travel in circles.B．They clear the atmosphere.C．They can be transformed into energy.D．They can be directed onto a specific area.49．Directed sound can be used for ________.A．creative designs of restaurant menusB．ideal sound effects on the theater stageC．different choices of music for businessesD．strict control over any suspicious customer50．What does the passage focus on?A．How professionals invented sound products. B．Inventions in the field of sound technology.C．The growing interest in the study of sound.D．How sound engineers work in their studios.【答案】46．A47．D48．D49．C50．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。
（现代科技）李仕才【话题导读】灯柱伞是一种有雨水感应伞的灯柱，这样人们在忘记带雨伞时就不会挨淋了。
LampbrellaYou can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. ①But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella.The designer says he ②come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street ad saw the street lamps ③lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lamp.” he said.The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella ④on demand. Sensors then ensure that the umbrella offers p edestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.⑤In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.While there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, Belyacv says he recently introduced his creation one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on my street where alot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.灯柱伞你不会每次都预测到大雨到来或记得带上雨伞。
2020年第3"期(总第876期)丈敖冬‘科Coh-Metrix工具辅助的大学英语教材阅读文本研究——以“新编大学英语综合教程”为例杜驭炎项凝霜(杭州电子科技大学外国语学院，浙江杭州310018)摘要：自然语言计算工具Coh-Metrix可用于分析文本可读性。
相对操作更简便的Coh-Metrix TEA从计算结果中提取6个文本可读性相关指征:叙事性、句法简约性、单词具体性、指称衔接、深层衔接和Grade Leve1数值。
利用该工具对大学英语教材阅读文本分析后发现：四册书之间难度基本呈现梯度递进，但单册内部变化趋势无规律；选材难度偏低，体裁多样性不足；文本可读性指征间存在一定的相关性。
关键词：大学英语教材文本可读性Coh-Metrix1.研究背景教材是教学过程中的重要因素之一#近年我国大学英语教学实施较大改革，优化教材选择自然备受重视,教材相关的研究覆盖面得以扩大,研究数量快速增加。
但教材评估方面的研究相对缺乏［11(16-19)，对读写类教材中阅读篇章的研究视角较为单一，如仅考查语篇难易度或仅以篇章词汇特点作为研究目标即叫2归妙7378冋(7-10)#不可否认,造成这种现象的因之一是研究工具的局限性。
教教写者选材的要依据是代表文本难易度的Grade Leve1数值，即检测文本可读的弗士-年数值。
然，数值为学选择合适的阅读材易叫Grade Leve1数值是对的文本难度度得的，、词，评估的标#这种教教写认不的文章阅读难度可能相似，文本的可理解性(comprehension"似乎与文章关不大叫然，文本“可理解性”的因素不词，的的难度衡量指标评估文本可读不叫评测文本可读的二十一世纪初，由美国孟菲斯大学M c Namara教授领衔的自然语Coh-Metrix，可11、106的文语标，检文本的冋(1)3-202)%7&#语标中文本可读的五个特，Coh-Metrix Text Easability Assessor(简称Coh-Metrix TEA)工具，可检测的指标包括叙事性(Narrativity)，句法简约性(Syntactic Simplicity)单词具体性(Word Concreteness)、指称衔接(Referential Cohesion)和深层衔接(Deep Cohesion)%8"223-230，时Grade Leve1数值#直观明了地为使显示这些维度，允许输入一段不超过1000词的英语短文,并快速获得文的可读性信息，且配有信息化的视觉插图和简短的结果解释%刃＜72-)5＞。
