12月月考卷

专业课原理概述部分一、选择题（每题1分，共5分）1. 下列函数中，哪一个是一次函数？A. y = 2x^2B. y = 3x + 1C. y = x^3D. y = √x2. 在平面直角坐标系中，点P(2, 3)位于：A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限3. 下列等式中，正确的是：A. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + b^2B. (a b)(a + b) = a^2 b^2C. (a + b)(a b) = a^2 + b^2D. (a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^24. 下列哪个比例是正确的？A. 3 : 6 = 9 : 12B. 4 : 8 = 12 : 24C. 5 : 10 = 10 : 20D. 6 : 9 = 12 : 185. 一个等腰三角形的底边长为8cm，腰长为5cm，则这个三角形的周长是：A. 16cmB. 18cmC. 20cmD. 22cm二、判断题（每题1分，共5分）1. 任何两个平行线之间的距离都是相等的。

（）2. 两个锐角相加的和一定是钝角。

（）3. 一元二次方程的解一定是实数。

（）4. 相似三角形的面积比等于相似比的平方。

（）5. 对角线互相垂直的四边形一定是矩形。

（）三、填空题（每题1分，共5分）1. 若a = 3，b = 2，则a b = _______。

2. 已知平行四边形的对角线互相平分，若一条对角线长10cm，则另一条对角线长 _______ cm。

3. 在直角三角形中，若一个锐角为30°，则另一个锐角为_______°。

4. 一元二次方程ax^2 + bx + c = 0（a ≠ 0）的判别式是_______。

5. 两个互质的数的最小公倍数是它们的 _______。

四、简答题（每题2分，共10分）1. 简述平行线的性质。

2. 什么是二次函数的顶点？3. 如何判断两个三角形是否相似？4. 简述概率的基本性质。

2022-2023学年度高一化学12月月考卷考试时间：75分钟； 满分100注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）可能用到的相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 O—16 Na—23 S— 32 Ba—137 一、单选题(每题只有一个选项符合题意） 1．SO 2能使含有I 2的淀粉溶液褪色，说明SO 2 A ．具有漂白性B ．具有氧化性C ．具有还原性D ．是酸性氧化物2．下列物质均有漂白作用，其中漂白原理与其他三种物质不同的是 A ．2Ca(ClO)B ．22H OC ．2SOD ．氯水3．室温下进行下列实验，根据实验操作和现象所得出的结论正确的是 选项 实验操作和现象结论A 某钠盐溶于盐酸，产生了无色气体 该钠盐一定是Na 2CO 3B某溶液中滴加了BaCl 2溶液，生成白色沉淀该溶液中一定含有2-4SOC验证碱溶液中是否含有Cl -，先加稀盐酸除去OH -，再加AgNO 3，有白色沉淀出现溶液中一定含有Cl - D用洁净铂丝蘸取溶液在煤气灯火焰上灼烧，火焰呈黄色溶液中一定有钠元素，可能有钾元素 A ．AB ．BC ．CD ．D 4．下列说法正确的是A ．2Na O 与22Na O 都能和水反应生成碱，它们都是碱性氧化物B ．向23Na CO 溶液和3NaHCO 溶液中分别加入2CaCl 溶液，都产生白色沉淀C ．2Na O 与22Na O 中阴阳离子比均为1：2D ．23Na CO 和3NaHCO 均可用于治疗胃酸过多5．下列有关钠、氯及其化合物的说法正确的是 A ．常温下，氯水和液氯都可以用钢瓶储存B ．可用玻璃棒蘸取少量待测的NaCl 浓溶液做焰色试验C ．用湿润的蓝色石蕊试纸可检验2Cl 中是否混有HClD ．将22Na O 和3NaHCO 固体混合加热到200℃，完全反应后，趁热放出的气体为混合气体，则22Na O 和3NaHCO 两者的物质的量关系：223Na O NaHCO < 6．在给定条件下，下列选项所示的物质间转化均能实现的是A ．HCl(aq)32MgCO MgCl (aq)Mg −−−→−−−→电解B ．2CO323NaCl(aq)NaHCO Na CO −−−→−−→△ C ．2H O2232Cu (OH)CO CuO Cu(OH)−−→−−−→△ D ．24H SO (aq)243424SO NH HSO (NH )SO −−−→−−−−→氨水7．下列关于钠及其化合物的叙述不正确的是 A ．钠与水反应放出热量B ．2Na O 与22Na O 均能与水反应生成NaOHC ．用加热的方法可除去23Na CO 溶液中含有的少量3NaHCOD ．过氧化钠是淡黄色固体，可用于呼吸面具中作为氧气的来源8．工业上以SO 2和纯碱为原料制备无水NaHSO 3的主要流程如图，下列说法错误的是A ．吸收过程中有气体生成B ．结晶后母液中含有NaHCO 3C ．气流干燥湿料时温度不宜过高D ．中和后溶液中含Na 2SO 3和NaHCO 39．充分加热如图所示的密闭容器中放置有固体试剂的两个位置, 若钠与氧化银均反应完全且恢复到原来的温度，U 形管左右两侧液面相平。

2023年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全) 一、听力理解第一套第一节(共5小题)1. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Turn the television off.B. Turn the volume down.C. Turn the radio on.Answer: B2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At the post office.B. At the bank.C. At the hotel.Answer: C3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She hasn’t been to New York City.B. She needs to find a new job.C. She travels a lot for work.Answer: A4. How long has the man been waiting?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For ten minutes.Answer: B5. What is the woman doing?A. She is looking for her keys.B. She is waiting for someone to arrive.C. She is talking on the phone.Answer: C第二节(共5小题)6. What is the woman asking the man to do?A. Fix her computer.B. Help her find a job.C. Visit her tomorrow.Answer: A7. What does the man offer to do next?A. Take the woman to the restaurant.B. Prepare dinner for the woman.C. Look for a restaurant on the Internet.Answer: C8. What does the man say abo ut the woman’s computer?A. It can’t be fixed.B. It needs a software update.C. It needs a new battery.Answer: B9. What does the woman suggest doing after dinner?A. Go for a walk.B. Watch a movie at home.C. Go to a movie theater.Answer: B10. How do es the woman feel about the man’s suggestion?A. Excited.B. Indifferent.C. Annoyed.Answer: A二、阅读理解第一套An important part of a child’s development is the acquisition of social skills. Social skills help children to interact effectively with others and build healthy relationships. These skills are vital for success in school, work, and life in general.One of the best ways to help children develop social skills is through play. Play allows children to practice andmaster social, emotional, and cognitive skills in a relaxed and enjoyableenvironment. Through play, children learn valuable skills such as cooperation, sharing, problem-solving, and communication.There are different types of play that help in the development of social skills. Cooperative play is when children play and work together towards a common goal. This type of play helps children to learn teamwork and collaboration. Pretend play, on the other hand, allows children to develop empathy and understanding of others’ perspectives. They learn to take on different roles and pretend to be someone else, which helps in developing their social and emotional intelligence. Board games and group activities also promote social interaction and help children learn important skills such as taking turns, following rules, and resolving conflicts in a fair manner.Parents and educators play a crucial role in promoting social skills development. They can create opportunities for play and provide guidance and support. It is important for parents to encourage their children to engage in various types of play and provide them with age-appropriate toys and games. Educators can incorporate play-based learning activities in the classroom to foster social skills development.In conclusion, play is a valuable tool for social skills development. It allows children to practice and master important skills while having fun. Parents and educators should recognize the importance of play and provide opportunities and support for children to engage in different types of play.第二套The concept of time management is essential in today’s fast-paced world. Effective time management helps individuals to prioritize tasks, handle multiple responsibilities, and increase productivity. It allows individuals to make the most out of their time and achieve their goals efficiently.Here are some tips for effective time management:1.Set goals: Identify your long-term and short-termgoals. Break them down into smaller, manageable tasks.This will help you stay focused and motivated.2.Prioritize tasks: Determine which tasks are mostimportant and urgent. Focus on completing these tasks first.3.Create a schedule: Use a planner or online calendarto schedule your tasks and activities. Set deadlines for each task to stay organized and keep track of your progress.4.Avoid multitasking: Multitasking may seem like atime-saving technique, but it can actually decreaseproductivity. Focus on one task at a time and give it yourfull attention.5.Delegate tasks: If possible, delegate tasks to others.This will free up your time and allow you to focus on more important tasks.6.Take breaks: Schedule regular breaks to rest andrecharge. This will help you maintain focus and preventburnout.7.Avoid procrastination: Procrastination can lead tounnecessary stress and missed deadlines. Break tasks into smaller, manageable parts and tackle them one at a time.8.Learn to say no: Don’t overcommit yourself. Learn tosay no to tasks that are not essential or do not align withyour goals.e technology: Take advantage of technology toolssuch as productivity apps and time tracking apps. Thesecan help you stay organized and manage your time moreeffectively.10.Review and adjust: Regularly review your scheduleand tasks. Adjust as needed to accommodate unexpectedevents or changes in priorities.By implementing these tips, you can improve your time management skills and achieve greater success in your personal and professional life.第三套The importance of physical exercise cannot be overstated. Regular exercise has numerous health benefits and plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Physical exercise helps to strengthen the cardiovascular system, improve lung function, and increase muscle strength and endurance. It also promotes weight loss and helps to maintain a healthy body weight. Regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, andcertain types of cancer. It can also improve mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.In addition to the physical benefits, exercise is also important for cognitive function. Studies have shown that regular exercise improves memory, attention, and problem-solving skills. It can also enhance creativity and productivity.Exercise is not only beneficial for adults but also for children and adolescents. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescence helps to develop healthy bones, muscles, and joints. It improves coordination and balance, and reduces the risk of childhood obesity. It also has a positive impact on academic performance, including improved concentration and focus.There are many different forms of exercise that individuals can choose from, including aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility exercises, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). It is important to find a form of exercise that you enjoy and can incorporate into your daily routine.In conclusion, regular physical exercise is essential for overall health and well-being. It has numerous physical and mental health benefits and should be a priority for individuals of all ages. Make exercise a part of your daily routine and reap the rewards of a healthy and active lifestyle.三、写作题目及答案第一套写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:。

…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○………学校:___________姓名：________班级：________考号：________…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○………绝密★启用前杏岭北校高中部2022年12月月考卷高一地理卷考试范围：第三章~第五章；考试时间：60分钟；命题人：地理组题号一二总分得分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）评卷人得分一．选择题（共22小题，满分44分，每小题2分）北京时间2022年4月16日9时56分，神舟十三号乘组在巴丹吉林沙漠戈壁带中的东风着陆场成功着陆（如图），圆满完成我国迄今为止时间最长的载人飞行任务。

据此完成下面小题。

1．飞船返回舱进入大气层后会经过和地面失联的“黑障区”，“黑障区”大约出现在地面35—80km 的大气层间。

下列有关“黑障区”所在大气层的说法，正确的是（）A ．随高度升高，气温先升后降B ．多雷电云雨天气C ．完全位于平流层D ．空气密度随高度升高而增大2．东风着陆场选址考虑的因素不包括（）A ．气候干旱，降水少B ．风力微弱，利于着陆C ．地广人稀，安全性高D ．地势平坦，方便着陆3．读图，判断正确的说法是（）…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…学校:___________姓名：________班级：________考号：________…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…A ．图中四点气压：①＜②＜③＜④B ．乙地多阴雨天气C ．甲地温度可能高于乙地D ．气流由甲地流向乙地4．利用“温室效应”原理，我国北方地区冬季可以采用大棚种植蔬菜、花卉等作物。

当大棚的门打开时，门口处空气流动情况与如下图中示意的空气流动情况相同的是（）A ．B ．C ．D ．《齐民要术》有这样一段描述：“凡五果，花盛时遭霜，则无子，天雨新晴，北风寒彻，是夜必霜。

绝密★启用前2022-2023学年度英才学校12月考卷英语试卷考试范围：全部；考试时间：100分钟；学校：__________姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________ 注意事项：1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）AEntry Requirements for International Applicants at University of Malaya University of Malaya （UM ） is the first choice of Malaysia's top students and our international student population comes from more than 80 different countries.UMbelieves that a multicultural and multinational campus will enrich students' experiences.If you are interested in pursuing a degree atcompleted applications should be submitted not later than 17 June （for Semester Ⅰ， September intake ） or 11 November （for Semester Ⅱ， February intake ） of the year.1.What is the typical feature of UM ？ ______ A. Its beautiful campus.B. Its easy access to a degree.C. Is social and cultural diversity.D. Is academic atmosphere.2.Who's most likely to be admitted to UM ？ ______ A. Tod, a freshman from a high school. B. Chad, a graduate with a CGPA of3.3.C. George, a senior student with IELTS Band 4.5.D. Mike, an absentee from his program interview.3.What document（s）is a must for UM applicants？______A. A photograph with red background.B. A copy of the residence permit.C. Translation of academic certificates.D. Evidence of adequate funds.BI had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about t o either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and i t hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.I couldn’t accept the fact that I fa iled twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.4.How did the author feel after finishing his speech？A Delighted. B. Annoyed. C. Thrilled. D. Nervous.5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.6. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A memorable hero in my lifeB. Never mind others’ judgmentsC. Losing is an indescribable feelingD. Stand up from where we tripped overCIt has been four years since Grandma Joy told her grandson that she had never seen the most beautiful views of America. Since then, they have gone on many cross-country trips.Brad Ryan had been feeling tired of studying in a vet school when he visited his 85-year-old grandma in 2015. He hoped that spending some quality family time would help lift his spirits.As he was telling his grandma stories of his travels, however, he was heartbroken to hear that she had never seen the ocean or mountains. Ryan then asked his grandmother if she would like to go hiking with him. Needless to say, she was more than happy to agree.They have since visited 29 different national parks across America---from the Great Sand Dunes in Colorado to the Acadia National Park in Maine. Over the four years, Ryan and his grandma have driven 25,000 miles through 38 states. And it has greatly affe cted his quality of life. “Seeing it through my grandmother’s eyes, who every morning wakes up and is thankful to be alive has taught me how to live,” Ryan said. “With her, I’ve had to slow down and see life in a different way, which has made it a lot rich er.”“I love my grandma so much, and it’s just really giving me a lot of peace when she passed away. I can go back to these places, feel her spirit, and feel connected to her,” he added.Ryan posted all of their trips on Facebook. He hopes more young people will spare time to be with their elders. “I want young people to know that hanging out with your grandparents is cool. And there’s so much we can learn from our elders,” Ryan said.8. Why did Brad Ryan visit his grandma in 2015?A. To cheer himself up.B. To please his grandma.C. To take his grandma to travel.D. To share his travelling experiences.9. How did Brad Ryan feel when he heard his grandma had never seen the ocean or mountains?A. Shocked.B. Sad.C. Doubtful.D. Excited10. What influence did Brad Ryan’s grandma have on him?A. She made him live a better life.B. She helped him find his life goal.C. She told him to have peace of mind.D. She gave him a lot of encouragement.11. What is Brad Ryan’s purpose of posting their trips online?A. To advise young people to take a trip.B. To share his joy of travelling with his grandma.C. To encourage the young to keep their elders company.D. To show young people what they can learn from their elders.DWhen you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work. There was homework to do, sport to play and fun to have. But our parents probably persuaded us to find a job to earn some money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager I had a paper round: delivering newspapers to people's homes. I then progressed to a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking shelves and working at the checkout.Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs. It's one of those things that are seen almost as a rite of passage(成人仪式).It's a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV(简历).Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.Some research has shown that not taking up a Saturday or holiday job could be deleterious to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not participating in part-time work at school age had been blamed by employer's organizations for young adults being ill-prepared for full-time employment, but despite this, recent statistics have shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.So, does this mean that British teenagers are now afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts feel that young people feel going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results-and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that "Properly regulated（控制的）part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives." In reality, it's all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.12．How did the author feel about doing part-time jobs on weekends when he was a teenager?A．Unwilling. B．Interested.C．Delighted. D．Angry.13．Which of the following may NOT be the benefit of school children's doing part-time jobs?A．Learning to be independent. B．Gaining some life experience. C．Being prepared for future jobs.D．Spending what they earn as they like. 14．What does the underlined word "deleterious" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．valuable. B．harmful. C．necessary. D．beneficial.15．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A．Students should spend all their time on studies.B．Students should have as many part-time jobs as possible.C．Doing part-time jobs must affect students' school results.D．It's important for students to balance part-time jobs and studies.二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）Three tips for protecting your eyes during the winterWe usually worry about staying warm during the winter months, and think less about protecting our eyes. 1．.Here are three things you can do to protect your eyes during winter months.Tip 1: 2．.During the winter, our eyes are often exposed to blowing, dry, hot air that can cause them to become dry. Here are a few treatments: 3．. Keep yourself away from direct heat sources while sitting. Use a humidifer (加湿器) to help reduce dryness.Tip 2: Wear sunglasses with UV (紫外线) protection.UV rays in the winter can harm our eyes. 4．. Wear sunglasses when you’re outside, or driving, to protect your eyes from UV rays. This is especially important as days lengthen into spring and the sun gets stronger. Tip 3: Goggles (护目镜) protect in many ways.Goggles not only protect our eyes from UV rays, but they also help keep our eyes from drying out from the winter wind. In addition, think about all those branches, leaves, and dirty snow that can severely injure our eyes upon contact. 5．. Don’t forget them!A．Clean your eyes carefullyB．Don’t let your eyes dry outC．Goggles protect the eyes from the windD．Keep eye drops at hand to wet your eyesE.It is wise to wear quality gogglesF.In fact, they can do even more harm when they’re reflecting (反射) off snowG.However, the winter months can be as hard on our eyes as the summermonths三、完形填空（每小题2分，共30分）It happened on a rainy Saturday morning last month. My wife Catherine and I were driving along what some people called moose（麋鹿）alley. It was so（1）______ that there were few cars on the road.（2）______ ，something happened. A moose jumped out across our path. I had been driving for years and was good at driving. In order to（3）______ knocking into the moose,I made a quick turn to the other lane. If I had not done that, the moose might have been killed,and my wife and I might have got（4）______ ，too. A few seconds later,when I（5）______ and looked back in my rear view mirror, the moose was getting up and then ran into the bush. Shaken but（6）______ ，we both looked at each other with a surprised expression.From then on,I often thought about the relationship between humans and（7）______ . We know that animal species have appeared and disappeared（8）______ since life began on the Earth. This is a（n）（9）______ phenomenon . However, animal species have been （10）______ at a much faster rate for about a century now（11）______ human factors such as pollution.Certain philosophers and scientists keep repeating that if we don't save animals,how we will be able to save ourselves. A better（12）______ of animals gives us a better understanding of our own species. The（13）______ to protect animals and nature in general（14）______ the value of a society. And all animals play roles in nature and have a right to（15）______ . Therefore,I think we should try our best to save endangered animals, because humans cannot live on the Earth alone.1. A. cool B. early C. wide D. quiet2. A. Expectedly B. Suddenly C. Fortunately D. Obviously3. A. delay B. keep C. avoid D. excuse4. A. shocked B. lost C. disappointed D. injured5.A. stopped B. thought C. understood D. tried6. A. worried B. scared C. sad D. fine7. A. lands B. wildlife C. plants D. roads8. A. exactly B. silently C. continually D. mysteriously9. A. strange B. recent C. unusual D. natural10. A. appearing B. developing C. decreasing D. changing11. A. according to B. instead of C. because of D. along with12. A. treatment B. performance C. world D. knowledge13. A. way B. law C. will D. hope14. A. shows B. includes C. predicts D. protectsC. refuseD. select四、单句语法填空（每小题1分，共10分）People are like potatoes. After potatoes have been harvested they have to1 （spread）out and sorted in order to get the maximum market dollar. They are dividedaccording to size --- big,2and small. After the potatoes have been sorted and bagged, 3are loaded onto trucks.All Idaho potato farmers use this method --- all but 4.One farmer never bothered to sort the potatoes at all. Yet he made themost money. A 5（puzzle）neighbor finally asked him, “ 6is your secret?” He said,“It’s simple. I just loadup the wagon with 7 and take the roughest road to town. Duringthe eight-mile trip, thelittle potatoes always fall to the 8. The medium potatoes land inthe middle, 9the big potatoes rise to the top.” That’s not only true 10 potatoes.It is a law of life. Bigpotatoes rise to the top on rough roads, and tough people rise to the top inrough times.五、书面表达（应用文15分，续写25分）1）假定你是李华，请根据汉语提示写一封电子邮件，邀请酷爱中国历史的新西兰朋友Peter观看位于文化广场附近的文化影院上演的电影(LiDazhao)。

高一12月考试试卷一、语文（共120分）（一）现代文阅读（30分）阅读下面的文章，回答1-5题。

（文章内容略）1. 文章中“____”一词的含义是什么？请结合文章内容进行解释。

（5分）2. 作者在文中提到了哪些人物？他们各自扮演了怎样的角色？（5分）3. 文章中提到的“____”事件对主题有何影响？请简要分析。

（5分）4. 请分析文章的结构和语言特色。

（5分）5. 根据文章内容，你认为作者想要传达的主要信息是什么？请简要阐述。

（10分）（二）古诗文阅读（30分）阅读下面的古诗文，回答6-10题。

（古诗文内容略）6. 请解释文中“____”一词的含义。

（5分）7. 作者在这首诗中表达了怎样的情感？请结合诗句进行分析。

（5分）8. 请指出文中运用的修辞手法，并说明其效果。

（5分）9. 这首诗在结构上有何特点？请简要分析。

（5分）10. 请结合诗文内容，谈谈你对作者思想感情的理解。

（10分）（三）作文（60分）请以“我的高中生活”为题，写一篇不少于800字的记叙文。

要求内容真实，情感真挚，语言流畅。

二、数学（共120分）（一）选择题（40分，每题4分）1. 下列哪个选项是方程\( x^2 - 4x + 4 = 0 \)的解？（）A. \( x = 0 \)B. \( x = 2 \)C. \( x = -2 \)D. \( x = 4 \)（选择题内容略）（二）填空题（20分，每题5分）1. 若函数\( f(x) = 2x^2 - 3x + 1 \)的导数为\( f'(x) \)，则\( f'(2) \)的值为______。

（填空题内容略）（三）解答题（60分）1. 解不等式\( |x - 3| < 2 \)，并在数轴上表示解集。

（10分）2. 已知点A(1,2)和点B(4,6)，求直线AB的方程，并求出点C(3,0)到直线AB的距离。

（15分）3. 证明：若\( a, b, c \)为正整数，且\( a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \)，则\( a, b, c \)为勾股数。

2022-2022年高一12月月考地理考卷带参考答案和解析（福建省闽侯县第八中学）选择题某海洋考察船的航行日志记录；北京时间4时太阳从正东方海面升起；桅杆的影子在正北方时，太阳高度为60°；日落时北京时间为15时44分。

据此完成下列各题。

【小题1】日志记录当天，该船航行在A. 北太平洋B. 南太平洋C. 北印度洋D. 南印度洋【小题2】日志记录当天，该船的航向可能为A. 正北B. 正南C. 东北D. 西南【小题3】日志记录当天考察船经过的海域，下列说法正确的是A. 昼长夜短B. 昼短夜长C. 北极星在地平线上D. 北极星在地平面上仰角30°【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】D【解析】试题分析：【小题1】太阳从正东方升起，表明太阳直射赤道，该地日出时的当地地方时为6时，而北京时间为4时，那么两地的时间差为2小时，经度差为30°，所以该地的经度为150°E；桅杆的影子在正北方时，为当地正午，其太阳高度为60°，与直射点的正午太阳高度差为30°，纬度差30°，因正午影子向正北，所以该地位于南半球，那么此地纬度为30°N，所以此地位于北太平洋。

故选A。

【小题2】根据该船的航行日志记录，该日日落时北京时间为15时44分，因春秋分日轮船出发地当地的日落时间应该当地地方时是18时，而北京时间是15时，所以比轮船停留在出发地的日落时间晚，可以判断出该船不是停留在原地，而是偏东的方向行进。

故选C。

【小题3】据上题，因太阳直射赤道，所以该海域昼夜等长；因此地纬度为30°，所以北极星的仰角为30°。

故选D。

选择题下图表示因冷热差异引起的大气运动，图中S代表地面，箭头代表气流方向，下列叙述中正确的是( )A. 气温值G＞HB. 气压值H 最高C. G 为城郊，H 为市区D. G 处比H 处易出现阴雨【答案】C【解析】试题分析：图示表示因冷热差异引起的大气运动，图中S代表地面，箭头代表气流方向。

2022-2023学年上学期高三年级12月月考卷语文第Ⅰ卷一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

古代小说因地位卑下，作者常攀附经史等强势文体以自高，并在小说中谈文论艺，以示博学，提高小说的品位，因此，小说中蕴藏着丰沛的文论资源，值得挖掘和利用。

钱钟书先生早就注意到这一现象，他在《读拉奥孔》一文中说：“把它们演绎出来，对文艺理论很有贡献。

”可惜一直未受到学界重视。

谈文论艺所涉及的内容很广泛，诗文曲赋、小说戏曲、书画篆刻等无不应有尽有，或由作者直接介入发表，或借小说中的人物代言，其中不乏精辟之见，其价值主要体现在文艺理论和艺术两个方面。

文艺理论价值可从三个方面去认识：其一，发表文学艺术创作观点，如小说的虚实问题，冯梦龙在《警世通言叙》中有过精彩论述，指出小说中的“事”真假不重要，关键在于“理”是否“真”。

其二，品评作家、作品。

如《孽海花》第三十五回对李慈铭、黄遵宪、袁昶等近代诗人进行简评，如认为黄公度（黄遵宪）的《人境庐》“纵然气象万千，然辞语太没范围，不免鱼龙曼衍”。

明末清初才子佳人小说盛行，但千人一腔，千篇一律，《红楼梦》第一回借石头和空空道人的对话，斥责“历来野史”和才子佳人小说内容“屠毒笔墨，坏人子弟”，“千部共出一套”；又指出“市井俗人喜看理治之书者甚少，爱追趣闲文者特多”；宣称《石头记》乃“实录其事”。

这段对话涉及小说创作、小说批评和小说接受等诸多问题。

作者还借贾母之口，剖析才子佳人小说的创作心态：“有一等妒人家富贵，或有求不遂心，所以编出来污秽人家；再一等，他自己看了这些书看魔了，他也想一个佳人，所以编了出来取乐。

何尝他知道那世宦读书家的道理。

”斥责作者缺乏生活体验，胡编乱造，其实是为了获得某种心理补偿。

其三，传述创作技巧。

如《儒林外史》中多次论及八股技法，马二先生称“（八股）文章既不可带注疏气，尤不可带词赋气”。

从时代背景而言，八股是士子进入仕途的敲门砖，必须全力以赴，无暇顾及其他。

文言文阅读湖南师大附中2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考卷（四）语文试题（一）文言文阅读（本题共5小题，20分）阅读下面的文言文，完成10～14题。

材料一：先生讳愈，字退之。

七岁属．文，意语天出。

长悦古学，业孔子、孟子，而侈其文。

贞元十四年，用进士从军宰相董晋平汴州之乱，又佐徐州、青、淄，通漕江淮。

十九年，关中旱饥，人死相枕藉，吏刻取怨。

先生列言天下根本，民急如是，请宽民徭而免田租之弊。

专政者恶之，行为连州阳山令，阳山民至今多以先生氏洎字呼其子孙。

宪宗盛仪卫迎佛骨，士女纵观倾城，先生大惧，遂移典校上章极谏，贬潮州刺史。

大官谪为州县，薄．不治务，先生临之，若以资迁。

洞究海俗海夷陶然遂生鲜鱼稻蟹不暴民物。

掠卖之口，计庸免之，来相计直，辄与钱赎。

及还，著之赦令。

转刺史袁州如潮。

征拜国子祭酒，其属一奏用儒生，日集讲说生徒，官之以艺学浅深为顾。

既除兵部侍郎，方镇反，太原兵以轻利诱回纥，召先生祸福，譬引虎啮臃血，直今所患，非兵不足，遽疏陈得失。

王廷凑屠衣冠，围牛元翼，人情望之若大炕虺，先生奉诏入贼，渊然无事行者。

既至召众贼帅前抗声数责致天子命，词辩而锐，悉其机情，贼众惧伏。

贼帅曰：“惟公指。

”令乃约之出元翼，归士大夫之丧。

功可意而复，穆宗大喜，且欲相之，迁吏部侍郎。

四年十二月丙子，薨．靖安里第，年五十七。

嗣天子不御朝，赠礼部尚书。

（节选自皇甫混①《韩文公神道碑》）材料二：贞元十二，兄佐汴州。

我游自徐，始得兄交。

视我无能，待予以友。

讲文析道，为益之厚。

二十九年，不知其久。

兄以疾休，我病卧室。

三来视我，笑语穷日。

何荒不耕，会之以一。

人心乐生，皆恶言凶。

兄之在病，则齐其终。

顺化以尽，靡惑于中。

（节选自李翱②《祭吏部韩侍郎文》）【注】①皇甫混：唐朝时期大臣，是韩愈的学生、好友。

②李翱：唐朝时期大臣、文学家、哲学家、诗人，是韩愈的学生、好友。

黑。

每涂对一处给1分，涂黑超过三处不给分。

（3分）洞究A海俗B海夷C陶然D遂生E鲜鱼F稻蟹G不暴H民物。