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Noun ClausesNoun Clauses位主无那吗名语语非么词吗就简性宾是单从语一句个谁表句不你语子知知充道道同当 How should we use modern technology?The problem is …The problem is how we should use modern technology.When will man be able to live o n Mars….is unknown to us allWhen man will be able to live on Mars is unknownto us all.Where will all these advanced technology lead usI can’t imagine….I can’t imagine where all these advanced technologywill lead us.名词性从句是一种具有名词功能独立分句 , 可以表示 : 事实和问题。
1. 连接词有 : thatwhether 和 lf2. 连接代词有 :who whom whose whichwhat 等3. 连接副词有:when where why how 等另外whatever whoever whichever 等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句。
名词性从句中的“that”没有词义,也不作任何成分。
除引导宾从外,主从和表从中不省主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句从句一律保持陈述语序实际运用1. 主语从句 : 从句在句中充当主语成分1 That the earth is round is true2 Whether he will come is doubtful3 What he said surprised me most4 Where he hid the money is to be found out5 Whoever comes is welcome.6 It’s certain that he will succeed7 How we can help the twins will be discussedat the meeting8 When they’ll start the project has notdecided yet.It 的用法: ( 形式主语)It’possible/important/necessary/clear… that……很可能/ 重要的是…/ 必要的是…/ 很清楚…It’ said/ reported… that…据说/ 据报道…It’s been announced/declared that…已经通知/ 宣布…It seems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧…It’s no wonder that…并不奇怪/ 无疑…It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge 众所周知)/ a common saying…. (俗话说)注意 :“if”不能引导主语从句,应有“whether”引导。
主语从句的“that”一般不能省。
“what”引导主语从句时,谓语动词:1 )常与其后作表语的名词一致2 )根据句子的语境而定。
1. What you left are only several old books.2. What you said is of great importance.3. What he says and does doesn’t concern me.4. What he says and does don’t agree.1.___ he made an important speech at themeeting was trueA. That B. Why C. What D How2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends onthe weather A. If B .Whether C .That D. Where3.___ is known to us all is that America is adeveloped country____the First World.A. Which; belong toB. As, belonged toC. What; belonging toD. It; belonging to4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energyA. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair wasturning grayA. whetherBThat C. what D. when6.What I say and think ___ none of yourbusiness A. is Bare C. has D have2. 宾语从句:从句在句中充当宾语成分( 可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语) that, whether ,if ( that 常可省略)连词:who, what, which, whoever, whatever when , where , why ,how1. Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring.2. It all depends on whether they will support us3. She will give whoever needs help a warmsupport.4. He made it clear to the public that he did animportant and necessary job5.I find it necessary that we should do the homework.注意 :1. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时 , 宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。
2. 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 , 宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态 , 但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时,仍然用一般现在时。
travels The teacher told his class that light _______faster than sound. 1. The radio says it _______c will be loudy tomorrowbegoes2. The headmaster hopes everything ______well. go3. Tom says that they _________ were playing playbasketball at six o’clock yesterday evening4. I hear they __________ have returned return italready5. He said that they _________ members of thehad beenParty since 1948. be wrote6. I didn’t know what time he _______theletter. writehas taken7. Could you tell me who _________ awaythe book already? takehad been8. Ling Feng told me he _________ tothe Great Wall several times. be3. 表语从句:从句在句中充当表语成分,一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。
连接词:that / whether /as if /as though( if 不引导表语从句连接代词:who / whoever / which / whatever连接副词:when / where / why / how / becausee.g.China is no longer what she used to beThat’s because we were in need of moneyat that timeHe looked as if he was going to cryTomorrow is when it would be mostconvenient.注意 :1. 在表语从句中,表“是否”时,只能用“whether”不能用“If”。
2. 一般情况下,“that”不能省。
3. It is /was because … It is /was why…3. The reason why…/for…is /was that….4 The reason is because /why…that ….1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do A.whyB. whatC. howD. that2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate themachineA. because B. why C. that DWhether3 .That is ___ they separatedA. that BwhatCwhich Dwhere4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years agoA. whatBwhichC. that Dwhen4 同位语从句:从句在句中充当同位语成分,一般跟在一些抽象名词 ( idea ;belief ; fact ; truth ;rumour ;news 等)后面,对名词作进一步解释说明.同位语从句常用 that/ whether引导或连接副词when /where /why / how1The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people2Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them3.Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to makesure of her happiness.when he will get married.how they can get the treasure.where the concert will be held.who is fit for the work.why it happened.I have no ideawhich pen is mine.what we should do next.whom they are talking about.whether it’ll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the gameWe expressed the hope that they would come toChina again.We expressed the hope that they had expressed同位语从句和定语从句的区别:1. 同位语从句??that 只起连接作用 , 不作任何成分定语从句?? that 是关系代词 , 起连接作用和充当宾语和主语2. 同位语从句?? 同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系,对名词进行补充说明定语从句?? 定从和前面的名词是所属关系 , 对名词进行修饰,加以限定3. 同位语从句??that 不能省定语从句??that 在从句中作宾语时,可以省1.The idea that computers willrecognize human voices surprisesmany people.1 What is the idea?The idea is that computers willrecognize human voices.2 What surprises many people?i The idea surprises many people.ii That computers will recognize humanvoices surprises many people.2. The possibility that the majorityof the labor force will work at homeis often discussed1 What is the possibilityThe possibility is that the majorityof the labor force will work at home.2 What is often discussed?i The possibility is often discussed.ii That the majority of the labor forcewill work at home is often discussed.3. We’ll discuss the problem that the majority of the students areoften late for school.1 What is the problem?The problem is that the majority of thestudents are often late for school.2 What will we discuss?We’ll discuss the problem.We’l l discuss that the majority of thestudents are often late for school.Exercises:B1. ____made the school proud was ____more than90%of the students had been admitted to keyuniversities A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2.___she could not understand was ___ fewer andAfewer students showed interest in her lessons A What / whyB That / whatC What / becauseD Why / that3. He is absent from schoolIt is _______ he isBseriously ill A. why B. because C. that D. the reason4 ___has helped to save the drowning girl isDworth praising A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever A5Information has been put forward __ moremiddle school graduates will be admitted intouniversities A that B how C whereD whatA6. ___ is no possibility ___ Bob can win the firstprize in the match A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whetherD. It, which 7 ? I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last weekA -- Is that ___you had a few days off A whyB when C whatD where8 Are you still t hinking about yesterday’s gameA--- Oh ,that’s ___ A what makes me feel excited B whateverI feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited9 .__ fashion differs from country to country mayBreflect the cultural differences from one aspectA WhatB That C This D Which10. When you answer questions in a jobinterview ,please remember the goldenrule :Always give the monkey exactly __ heAwantsA whatB which C when D that11. We made the suggestion that he _B __ his work A continues B continue C continued D had continued 12There will be a special price for ____ buysthings in large number here.A. whoBwhomC. whoever DWhomever13. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team hadfailed to win the gameA.why BwhatCwho Dthat14.The poor young man is ready to accept __help he can getA. whichever B. howeverC. //.y newspaper printed the governor’s statement _____ would support a tax cutA. and heB. was that he C whichheD that he16. man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun A. WhichB. HowC. WhatD. That17.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wantsAHowever B. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever1. Can you make sure ___ the gold rings A. where she had put B. where had she putC. where she has put D. where has she put2.The reason that has been such a success ___ he never gives up A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what3. ______ breaks the law should be punished AWhoever b. No matter whoc. anyoned. who 4. That is ___ I had to take the risk of beingwashed awayA. whyB reason whyC. how Dwhat5. Do ___ you think is right ___ difficulties youmay have A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever6.The workers considered it important ___ theboss would agree to give them a rise A. whetherB. how C. where D. which 7. Along with the letter was his promise ____ hewould visit me this coming Christmas A. whichB. thatC.whatD. whether8. You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is ___ I disagree A. why B. where Cwhat D. how9. Difficulty lies ___ we have no moneyA. thatB. in thatCin the fact D. in the fact that10. I don’t think the question of ___ they are old oryoung is important A. which B. whetherC. howD. why11. It makes no difference ___ you will go today or tomorrow A. ifB whether C. that D. what12. _____ should be sent to work thereA. Who do you suggestB. Who do you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who shouldD. Do you suggest whom should13. The news ____ Lincoln was murdered filledthe American people’s hearts with deep sorrow A. whichB. whenC. that D. how14. ____ he said at the meeting astonishedeveryone present A. What B. ThatC. The factD. The matter15. I don’t trust his promise ___ he will buy me anew carA. whichB. what C. whenD. that16. She received the message ___ he would comeby plane A. that B. which C. what D. when17. Energy is ___ makes things work A. what BsomethingC. anything D. that18.Our city has changed a lot ,and now it is quitedifferent from __ a few years agoA. what it used to be B. that it used to be C.which it used to beD. what was it19. We all know the truth ___ there are air ,waterand sunlight,there are living things A. wherever B. whereC. thatD. that wherever20.The true value of life is not in ___ , but____ A. how you get ;that you give B.which you get;what you giveC.what you get ;what you giveD. what do you get ;what do you give21.___ is a fact that English is being accepted asan international language A. There B. This CThat D It。
