现代大学英语精读2Unit1单词及释义.doc

UNIT1 又一学年——为了什么？约翰·切阿迪1.给你们讲讲我刚当老师时候的一次失败经历吧。

那是1940年的1月，我从研究生院毕业不久，在堪萨斯城大学开始第一学期的教学工作。

一个瘦高，长得就像顶上有毛的豆角架一样的男学生走进我的课堂，坐下，双臂交叉放在胸前，看着我，好像在说：“好吧，教我一些东西。

”两周后我们开始学习《哈姆雷特》。

三周后他双手叉腰走进我的办公室，“看，”他说，“我来这是学习当药剂师的。

我为什么必须读这个？”由于没有随身带着自己的书，他就指着桌子上放着的我的那本。

2.虽然我是位新老师，我本来可以告诉这个家伙许多事情的。

我本来可以指出，他考入的不是制药技工培训学校而是大学，而且他在毕业时，应该得到一张写有理学学士而不是“合格的磨药工”的学位证书。

这证书会证明他专修过药剂学，但它还能进一步证明他曾经接触过一些人类发展史上产生的思想。

换句话说，他上的不是技能培训学校而是大学，在大学里学生既要得到培训又要接受教育。

3.我本来可以把这些话都告诉他，但是很明显，他不会待很长时间，说了也没用。

4.但是，由于我当时很年轻而且责任感也很强，我尽量把我的意思这样表达出来：“在你的余生中，”我说，“平均每天24小时左右。

谈恋爱时，你会觉得它有点短；失恋时，你会觉得它有点长。

但平均每天24小时会保持不变。

在其余的大约8个小时的时间里，你会处于睡眠状态。

5.“然后在每个工作日8个小时左右的时间里，我希望你会忙于一些有用的事情。

假设你毕业于一所药科大学——或工程大学，法学院，或者其他什么大学——在那8个小时时间里，你将用到你的专业技能。

作为一个药剂师，你要确保氯化物没有和阿斯匹林混在一起；作为一个工程师，你要确保一切都在你的掌控之中；作为一个律师，你要保证你的当事人没有因为你的无能而被处以电刑。

这些都是有用的工作，它们涉及到的技能每个人都必须尊重，而且它们都能给你带来基本的满足。

无论你还干些什么，这些技能都很可能是你养家糊口的本领。

Unit1 The Dinner Party关于男人是否比女人更勇敢的一场激烈争论以一种颇为出人意料的方式解决了The dinner party晚宴1. I first heard this tale in India, where is told as if true—though any naturalist would know it couldn’t be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.我最初听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像确有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。

后来有人告诉我，在第一次世界大战之前不久，一家杂志曾刊登过这个故事。

但登在杂志上的那篇故事以及写那篇故事的人，我却一直未能找到。

2.The country is India.A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests—officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist—in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.故事发生在印度。

某殖民地官员和他的夫人正举行盛大的晚宴。

目　录Unit 1一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 2一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 3一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 4一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 5一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 6一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 7一、练习答案Unit 8一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 9一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 10一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 11一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 12一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 13一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 14一、练习答案Unit 15一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 16一、词汇短语二、课文精解三、全文翻译四、练习答案Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Adisaster [di5zB:stE] n.灾难，灾祸；不幸【例句】These difficulties are caused by natural disasters. 这些困难都是由自然灾害造成的。

【助记】dis（不，没有）+aster（星星）→星星消失了，难道预示着灾难的来临？谐音“点扎死他”，灾难。

semester [si5mestE] n.学期；半年【例句】His writing has improved greatly in this semester. 这学期他的写作有了很大进步。

【助记】seme（看作semi半）+s+ ter（看作terra学期）→半学期beanpole [5bi:npEul] n.（插在地上供豆茎攀缘的）支竿，瘦长之人【例句】Li Ling’s elder sister is short and overweight while her younger sister is a beanpole.李玲的姐姐是个矮胖墩儿，可她妹妹却是个细高个儿。

现代大学英语精读2Unit 1Accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievement Acquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own workArrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important wayArt n. art, music, theatre, literature, etc. when you think of them as agroup (统称) 艺术; fine ~ 美术Aspirin n. 阿司匹林（解热镇痛药）Assume v. to take as a fact; to supposeAvailable adj. able to be used or easily foundAverage v. to calculate the average of sth. ; ~ out 其平均数为Beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin personBull n. a male cowCertify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of test Civilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced cultureClient n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organization Contain v. to have sth. Inside or as part of itContinuity n. the state of being continuousCyanide n. 氰化物Democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的Disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failureDrugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things) Employ v. (here) to spend time doing sth.Enroll v. to officially arrange to join a school or universityEssence n. the most important quality or feature of sth.; in ~ 本质上Expertise n. skill in a particular fieldExpose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about newbeliefs, ideas, etc.Faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or collegeFragment n. a small piece of sth.Generate v. to produceGrind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfaces Hip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legs Humanity n. the qualities of being humanImplicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地Incompetence n. lack of the skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done 无能Inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoidIntellect n. power of thought 思维能力Invent v. to produce or design sth. that has not existed beforeLiteral adj. in the basic meaning of a wordMaintain v. to continue to have as beforeNeanderthal n. an early type of human being who lived in Europe during the StoneAgeNevertheless adv. in spite of that; yetPeculiar adj. belonging only to a particular person; special; oddPenetrating adj. showing the ability to understand things clearly and deeply Pest n. (infml) an annoying personPharmacy n. a shop where medicines are prepared and sold. Here: the study ofpreparing drugs or medicinesPhilosophy n. the study of the nature and meaning of existence, reality, etc. 哲学Physicist n. a scientist who studies physics 物理学家Pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole; ~ grinding 药剂碾磨Preside v. to lead; to be in charge; ~ over 主持Professional adj. relating to the work that a person does for an occupation, esp. work that requires special trainingPursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined waypush-button adj. using computers or electronic equipment rather than traditionalmethodsqualified adj. having suitable knowledge or experience for a particular job raise v. (AmE) to care for a child or young animal until it is able to take care of itselfrear v. to care for a person or an animal until they are fully grown resources n. possessions in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you have 资源savage n. an uncivilized human beingscroll n. Here: a certificate of an academic degreesemester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in American high schools and universities (=term in BrE)sensitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literature shudder v. to shake uncontrollably for a momentskill n. particular ability or type of abilityspecialize v. to limit all or most of one's study to particular subjectsspecialist 专家species n. (infml) a type; a sortspecimen n. (here) a person who is unusual in some way and has a quality of aparticular kindspiritual adj. related to your spirit rather than to your body or mindstore v. to keepstuck adj. not knowing what to do in a particular situation; be ~ for 因为……而不知所措suffice v. to be enoughunaided adj. without help from anyone or anything 独立的Unit 5Advocate v. to support an idea or a plan publiclyAmusement n. enjoymentAntique adj. being old and therefore valuableAutomatic adj. Automatic Teller Machine(ATM) 自动取款机Battlefield n. a place where a battle is being fought or has been fought 战场Bicentennial n. the day or year exactly 200 years after a particular eventBriefing n. a meeting or document in which people receive information orinstructions; news ~ 新闻发布会Burst n. a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that oftenstarts suddenlyCabinet n. a piece of furniture with doors, shelves or drawers for storing things;medicine ~ 药橱Carriage n. a wheeled vehicle, especially a private horse-drawn vehicleCD n. abbr. for “compact disk,” a small disk on which sound or informationis recordedCheckerboard n. a board on which chess and checkers are played, divided into 64 squaresof two alternating colors 棋盘，方格图案Classic adj. accepted or deserving to be accepted as one of the best or mostimportant of its kind 经典的Compress v. to force into less space 压缩Condense v. to put into a smaller or shortened form 紧缩; 缩小Confederate adj. belonging to a political union of states; the Confederate army 美国内战时期的南方军队Consist v. ~ of : to be formed from the things or people mentioned 由……组成Constantly adv. (AmE) all the time; repeatedly 始终; 一直地Convenience n. the condition of being suitable to one's needs and easy to reachCredit n. ~ card : a small plastic card that you can use to buy goods or servicesand pay for them later 信用卡Current adj. (AmE) of the present time; ~ events 时事Defer v. to delay until a later dateDiet n. a limited range and amount of food you eat when you want to get thinner Digest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from abook, report, etc. 文摘Dots n. (pl.) small round marks 小点Excerpt n. a short piece of writing, music, film, etc. taken from a longer wholeExit n. a way out of a public building or vehicleExplore v. to travel to or around an area in order to learn about itEyewitness n. a person who has seen a crime, accident, etc. and can describe itafterwards 目击证人Fax v. to transmit (printed matter or an image) by electronic means 发传真Featureless adj. uninteresting, without noticeable featuresFix n. (imfml) a solution to a problem esp. an easy or temporary one; quick ~ 即时解决方案Flash v. to pass very quicklyGorgeous adj. (infml) very beautiful or attravtiveGratification n. satisfactionGratify v. to please or satisfyGuaranteed adj. be ~ to: to be certain toHerd n. a group of animals of one kind which lives and feeds togetherIceberg n. a large piece of ice floating in the sea, most of which is below thesurfaceIgnore v. not to take notice ofInfect v. to pass on a disease to sb.; to corruptInterstate n. a very wide road for long distance between US statesLakeside n. the area around the edge of a lakeLane n. the two or three parallel areas on a main road which are divided by paintedlines to keep fast and slow traffic apart; the fast ~ 快车道Latest adj. the most recent or newest 最新的Lifestyle n. the way a person or a group of people lives and worksLinger v. to stay a little longer because you do not want to leave; ~ over 徘徊于……Liposuction n. the removal of fat from sb's body by means of suction 脂肪抽吸(术) Microwave n. a high-frequency electromagnetic wave 微波(炉)Miracle n. (infml) an event that cannot be explained according to the laws of nature;~ diet 速效减肥食谱Mph n. abbr. for miles per hourOutlet n. a shop through which products are sold; here: （工厂附设的）门市部Overnight adv. during the night; (here infml) suddenlyPastoral adj. typical of the simple peaceful life in the country 田园风光的Paycheck n. a salary checkPennsylvania n. a state of the eastern United Statas 宾夕法尼亚州Polaroid n. a trademark 宝丽来(一次成像的照相机)predigested adj. (of information) put in a simple form 经过简化、压缩的quality adj. of a high standard; ~ time (尤指和孩子一起度过的)宝贵时光; 优质时间rack n. 货架; off the ~ (AmE) 现成的rear n. ~-view mirror: a mirror in which a driver can see the traffic behind后视镜reduce v. to make sth. less or smaller in size; be ~d to 缩小成……refresh v. to make sb. feel less tired or less hotrevitalize v. to put new strength and power intoroute n. the way from one place to another on a mapsalad n. a mixture of raw vegetables or fruitscale n. an instrument for weighting people or things 秤scenery n. natural surroundings in beautiful and open countryscreen n. the surface of a computer display 电脑屏幕skim v. to move through (life) quickly, hardly touching the surfaceslide v. to pass by quietly without being noticed; ~ by 溜过去speed v. to make sth. move or happen faster; ~ out of control 疯狂加速到失去控制spicy adj. (food) having a pleasantly strong taste 辛辣的stuff v. (infml) to fill a container or space with sth.; (here) to eat a lot of food or too much foodsubtle adj. hardly noticeable unless you pay careful attention微妙的superficially adv. on the surface; not deeply or thoroughlysupermarket n. a large shop where a customer can choose from a large number ofdifferent kinds of food or other goodssymbolically adv. Relating to, or expressed by means of symbols 象征性地symphony n. a musical work for a large group of instruments 交响乐theme n. a short simple tune that is repeated and developed in a piece of music乐曲主题tour v. to visit for pleasureturnpike n. (AmE) a large road for fast traffic, esp. one that drivers have to payto use 收费公路urge n. a strong wish for sth.VCR n. abbr. for video cassette recorder 录像机Version n. a slightly different form of sth. (book, film, story, etc.) form theoriginal 版本Wander v. to walk slowly without a purposeWest Virginia n. a state of the western United States 西弗吉尼亚州Unit 6Abandon v. to leave a person, a thing or place, esp. because it is impossible to stay with the person or stay at the placeAccumulation n. the state of getting more and more of sth. over a period of time Attached adj. full of affection for sb./sth.Attachment n. a strong feeling of affection for sb./sth.; form ~ 产生感情Barbed-wire adj. of wire having a barb or barbs 带刺铁丝的Binoculars n. an instrument, like two small telescopes fixed together, that makes objects that are far away seem nearer when you look through it 双筒望远镜Blissful adj. extremely happyBrim v. (of a cup, container, etc.) to be so full of a liquid that it flows over the edge; ~ over 溢出Bug n. (esp. AmE) any small insectCarve v. to write sth. on a surface by cutting it; ~d stone 石雕Castle n. ancient ~ 古城堡Cathedral n. the main church of a district of a district under the care of a Bishop (= a priest of high rank)Clumsily adv. of lacking physical coordination, skill, or grace; awkwardly 笨拙地Dangle v. to hang or swing freely; ~ from one’s neck 在……脖子上挂着Definitely adv. a way of emphasizing sth. that is true and that there is no doubt aboutitDense adj. containing a lot of people, things, plants, etc. with little spacebetween them 茂密的，浓密的Ease n. the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable; put sb. at~ 使舒适; 使感到自在Echo v. to repeat (a sound) by the reflection of sound waves from a surface 发出回声; 起反响，起共鸣Familiarity n. the state of knowing sb. or sth. wellFascinated adj. very interestedFellow adj. used to describe sb. who is the same as you in some way; ~ students同学Fortress n. a building or place that has been strengthened and protected fromattackFossil n. the remains of an animal or plant which have become hard and turnedinto rockFrail adj. physically weak and thinFront v. to serve as a front for 装饰……的正面; glass- ~ed case 以玻璃罩面的书柜Gamekeeper n. a person whose job is to take care of the wild animals on a piece of privateland 猎场看守人Glimpse v. to see sb./sth. for a moment, but not very clearlyGlow v. to shine with a soft color; ~ pinkly 发出粉红色的光Hike v. to go for a long walk in the countryHoly adj. important in a religious sense 神圣的Identify v. to recognize sb./sth. and be able to say who or what they are Illustration n. a drawing or picture in a book, magazine, etc., esp. one thatexplains sth.Immense adj. extremely large or greatInsect n. any small creature with six legs and a body divided into three parts Instinctively adv. by instinctInvisible adj. cannot be seenIvory n. a hard yellowish-white substance like bone that forms the long teethof elephants and some other animals; figures of ~ 象牙雕刻的人物Impenetrable adj. impossible to be entered, passed through or seen through 难以渗透的Inclined adj. tending to do sth.; less ~ to laugh 不喜欢笑; 不想笑Laurel n. a bush with dark smooth shiny leaves that remain on the bush and staygreen through the year 月桂树Legacy n. a situation that exists now because of events, actions that took placein the past 遗留的东西，遗产Major adj. large or importantMunch v. to eat sth. steadily and noisily, esp. sth. crispyNetwork n. a complicated system of roads, lines, tubes, nerves, etc. that crosseach other; a ~ of paths 交织的小路Nickname n. an informal, often humorous, name for a person 绰号Odds and ends n. (infml) small items that are not valuables or are not part of a largestset 零星物件Overseas adv. to or in a foreign country; go ~ 出国Patchwork n. a thing that is made up of many different pieces or parts 拼成的图案或其他物件Pheasant n. a large bird with a long tail, the male of which is brightly colored野鸡Pillar n. a large stone, metal or wooden post that is used to support a bridge,the roof of a buildingPotential n. the possibility of sth. happening 潜在性，可能性Practically adv. almost, very nearlyPrivate adv. opposite of public, enjoyed only by a particular person or a group,not for everyone; ~paradise 僻静的天地Proceed v. to move or travel in a particular directionProperty n. land and the building on it 房地产Regarding prep. Concerning sb./sth.Rewarding adj. worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it useful orimportant; ~ friendship 使人受益匪浅的友谊Roam v. to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction;~ the woods 林间散步Rocket v. to move very fast; ~ off 突然飞出去Rustle v. to make sounds like leaves or paper moving or rubbing together发出树叶的沙沙声Seemingly adv. in a way that appears to be true but may in fact not be; ~ different貌似不同Shortbread n. (BrE, also shortcake) a rich crispy biscuit/cookie made with flour,sugar, and a lot of butter 黄油甜酥饼干Soccer n. (AmE) footballSoul n. a person’s inner character containing true thoughts and feelingsSting v. (strung, strung) to hurt or make sth. hurt with a sudden sharp painfor a short time; ~ one’s eyes 刺眼Surround v. to be around sth./sb. on every sideSuspect v. to think that sth. is probably true or likely to happenTart n. an open pie filled with sweet food such as fruit; jam ~ 果酱派Tome n. (fml) a large heavy book, esp. one dealing with a serious topicTrespass v. to enter land or a building that you do not have the permission orthe right toTrunk n. the thick main stem of a treeTutor v. to teachTwitter n. a series of short high sounds that birds makeVaulted adj. made in the shape of an arch or a series of arches; having a ceilingor roof of this shape 拱形的Verge v. to be very close to a placeWary adj. careful when dealing with sb./sth. because you think that there maybe a danger or problemWell n. a deep hole in the ground from which people obtain water; ~of knowledge 知识的源泉Wistful adj. thinking sadly about sth. that you would like to have, esp. sth. inthe past that you can no longer haveWoodland n. an area of land that is covered with treesWow n. (infml) exclamation used to express great surprise or admirationWrench v. to pull or twist suddenly and violentlyUnit 10Absorb v. to take in a liquid, gas or other substance from the surface or spacearoundAD abbr. (AmE) used in the Christian calendar to show a particular number ofyear since the year Christ was believed to have been born 公元Bakery n. a place where bread is made/soldBand n, a group of people who do sth. togetherBay n. a part of the sea, or of a large lake, enclosed by a wide curve of theshoreBeetle n. an insect, often large and black, with a hard case on its back coveringits wingsBoard v. to get on a ship, train, plane, bus, etc.Branch v. ~ out: to divide into more partsClatter n. a series of loud short noises when a hard object hits against anotherone on surfaceCloudburst n. a sudden heavy rain 倾盆大雨Cluster v. to come together in a small group of groupsCollapse v. to fall down or fall in suddenlyColumn n. a tall, solid, vertical post, usu. round and made of stoneCram v. to push sb./sth. into a small placeCrater v. a large hole in the top of a volcanoCrouch v. to lower your body close to the ground by bending your legs underyouDescend v. to come or go down from a higher level to a lower oneDoom n. death or destructionDrift v. to move along smoothly or slowly in water or airErupt v. to emerge violently from restraint or limits; to explode from thevolcanoExplosion n. the sudden violent bursting and the loud noise of sth.Flee v. (fled, fled) to leave a person or a place very quicklyGraze v. (of cow, sheep) to eat grass growing in a field, pasture, etc. Harbor n. an area of water on the coast, protected from the open sea by strong walls, where ships can stayHoof n. the hard part of the foot of some animals, e.g. horsesHuddle v. (of people or animals) to gather closely togetherHurl v. to throw violently in a particular directionInn n. (AmE) a small hotelIntact adj. complete and not damagedJar n. a round container with a lid used for storing food, etc.; wine ~酒缸Loaf n. (pl. loaves) an amount of bread that has been shaped and baked inone pieceMediterranean adj. of the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea 地中海的Mighty adj. very strong and powerfulMonoxide n. 一氧化物Nightmare n. an experience that is very frightening and unpleasant Overwhelm v. to cover sb./sth. completelyPerish v. to be lost or destroyedPoisonous adj. causing death or illness if swallowed or absorbed into the body Priest n. a person who is qualified to perform religious duties or ceremonies Prosperous adj. rich and successfulPumice n. a type of grey stone that comes from volcanoes and is very light inweightQuick-witted adj. mentally alert and sharp 头脑敏捷的Reverberate v. if a sound reverberates, it is repeated many times as it hits twoopposite surfacesSack n. a large bag with no handles made of rough strong material Savage adj. fierce and violentShatter v. to suddenly break into small piecesShepherd n. a person whose job is to take care of sheepShimmer v. to cover or hide sth. n. sth. that hides or coverssth.slate n. a small sheet of dark grey stone, used in the past in schools forchildren to write onstumble v. to hit your foot against sth. while walking or runningsummit n. the highest point of sth.thicken v. to become thicker or make sth. thickerthrong n. a long piece of wood with a flame at one end that is used as a light trample v. to step heavily on sb./sth. so that you crush or harm them Vesuvius n. an active volcano of southern Italy on the eastern shore of the Bay of Naples; Mount ~ 维苏威山Victim n. a person who has been attacked, injured, or killed as the result ofa crime, a disease, an accident, etc. 受害者Villa n. a house where people stay on holiday/vacationVolcanic adj. (AmE) caused or produced by a volcano; ~ash 火山灰Yawn v. to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usu. because you are tired or boredUnit 12Adroit adj. skillful and clever, esp. in dealing with peopleAgony n. extreme physical or mental painAmbassador n. an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior Anticipate v. to expect sth.Apply v. to be relevant to a particular person or thing 适用于Blow v. ~ off steam 发泄怒气Blunder v. to make a stupid or careless mistakeBoil v. ~ with anger 怒火中烧; 异常气愤Bristle v. ~ with sth.: to have a large amount of sth., or to be full of sth. Broadsword n. a large sword with a broad flat bladeBurial n. the act or ceremony of putting a dead body into a grave; ~ permit埋葬许可证Capture v. to catch a person or an animal and keep them as a prisoner or in anenclosed spaceCavalry n. the part of the army that fought on horses (旧时的) 骑兵Charity n. kindness and sympathy toward other peopleCondemn v. to express very strong disapproval of sb./sth.Confucius n. a famous Chinese philosopher 孔子Decay v. if a building or an area decays, its condition slowly becomes worse Deft adj. (of a person’s movement) skillful and quickDeluge v. to flood a place with waterDetailed adj. giving many details and a lot of informationDiplomatic adj. having or showing skill in dealing with people in differentsituation 灵活的; 有外交手腕的Disappiontment n. sadness because sth. expected has not happened; bitter ~ 极大的失望Distressed adj. upset and anxiousDuel n. a formal fight with weapons between two people, used in the pastto settle a quarrel 决斗Exhaustive adj. very thorough; looking at every detailFutile adj. having no effort or achieving nothingGettysburg n. a town of southern Pennsylvania in the US 葛底斯堡Hasty adj. acting or deciding in a hurry, because you do not have much time Heaven-sent adj. 上天所赐的; ~ opportunity 天赐良机Hereafter adv. (AmE) (in legal documents, etc.) in the rest of this document Illinois n. a state of the north-central United States 伊利诺伊州Impair v. to damage sb. or make sth. worseImpassable adj. (of a road, an area etc.) impossible to travel on or through; ~ river(水流湍急) 不能通过的河流Incompetent adj. not having the ability or skill to do sth.Indiana n. a state of the north-central United States 印第安纳州Indignation n. a feeling of anger and surprise caused by sth. that is unfair orunreasonableIndulge v. to allow oneself to have or to do sth. that one like, esp. sth. thatis considered bad for oneselfInsult v. to say or do sth. that offends sb.Invaluable adj. extremely valuable or usefulJournal n. a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject orprofessionLashing n. an act of hitting sb. with a whip as a punishment 鞭打; tongur- ~ 斥责; 谴责Leap v. to jump high or a long way; ~ on one’s horse 跳上马Magnitude n. the great size, importance, or effort of sth.Malice n. a feeling of hatred for sb. that causes a desire to harm sb. Maneuver v. to control or influence a situation in a skillful but sometimesdishonest way 使用花招或谋略Mississippi n. ~ River 密西西比河Motivate v. to be the reason why sb. does sth. or behaves in a particular way Mush n. a soft thick mass or mixture 糊状物Opponent n. a person that you are playing or fighting against in a game, competition,argument, etc.Pierce v. to make a hole; to be ~d with 突然看到刺目的强光或听到刺耳的尖叫声Point-blank adv. in a very firm and direct way, usu. not very polite; refuse ~ 断然拒绝Politician n. a person whose job is concerned with politics, esp. as an electedmember of a parliament, etc.Procrastinate v. to delay doing sth. you should do, usu. because you do not want todo itProlong v. to make sth. last longer; ~ indefinitely 无限延长Proofreader n. sb. who reads sth. written or printed and marks any mistakes so thatthey can be correctedRecede v. to move gradually away from a previous positionRegulate v. to control sth. by means of rulesRestraint n. the act of controlling or limiting sth. because it is necessary orsensible to do soRetain v. to keep sth. or to continue to have sth.Retreat v. to move away from a place or an enemy because of dangerRidicule v. to try to make sb./sth. look silly by making fun of them in an unkindwaySandbar n. a raised area of sand in a river that sticks out of the water slightly沙洲Savagely adv. severelyScold v. to criticize sb. severely and angrily because they have done sth.wrongSecond n. an official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boozing match (拳击比赛或旧时决斗中的) 助手Standpoint n. a point of view or a way of thinking about ideas or situationSwollen adj. containing more water than normalTact n. the ability to deal with difficult or embarrassing situationscarefully and without doing or saying anything that will annoy or upsetother people 老练; 圆滑Test pilot n. a pilot whose job is to fly aircraft in order to test their performance飞行员Tragically adv. sadlyTrap n. a piece of equipment used for catching animals; (here) an unpleasantsituation from which it is hard to escapeUnleash v. to set strong feelings or forces etc. free and allow them to act withfull forceVain adj. too proud of your own appearance, abilities or achievements 爱虚荣的Victorious adj. having won a victory 得胜的Unit 13Academy n. an official organization which aims at encouraging and development art, literature, science, etc. 研究院; 学会Account n. on sb.’s ~ 为了某人的缘故, 相当于for sb.’s sakeAllowance n. an amount of money that is given to sb. regularly or for a particular purposeArtfully adv. in a clever or designed wayAscend v. to go upBalloon n. a bag made of very thin rubber that becomes larger and rounder when you fill it with air or gasBanister n. the posts and rail at the side of a staircase 楼梯栏杆Blueprint n. a detailed plan for doing sth. new; a drawing that shows how to build sth. or make a machine 蓝图Blurt v. to say sth. suddenly and without thinking carefully; ~ out 脱口而出Breadstick n. a long, thin, often crisp piece of breadBushman n. 澳大利亚的丛林土著人Cabin n. a room in a ship; ~ boy 船舱服务员Cable n. 电报 (注: 此词由“海底电缆”引申而来, 现在已经不再使用, 而用“telegram”代替)Cannibal n. a person who eats human flesh 食人者; 吃人生番 (注意这种带有侮辱性的字眼)Charred adj. burnt and blackCharter v. to rent/hire a plane, boat, etc. for your own use 包租 (飞机、船等)Cocky adj. too confident about yourself in a way that annoys other people Comet n. a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail 彗星Confirm v. to make you feel sure that your idea or belief is right or true; ~ sb.’s desire 使其更加坚信他的愿望是对的Convertible adj. being able to be changed to a different form or useCoral n. 珊瑚; ~ beads 珊瑚珠Correspondent n. (AmE) a person who reports news from a particular country or on a particular subject for a newspaper, radio, or televisionCramp n. a sudden pain you get when the muscles in a particular part of your body tighten, usu. caused by cold or too much exercise 抽筋Credit v. ~ sb. with sth.: to say that sb. is responsible for a certainachievement 将某事归功于某人Delegate v. to choose sb. to do sth. for you or to represent youDeprive v. ~ sb. of sth. to prevent sb. from having or doing sth. 剥夺某人的(权力)Double-hulled adj. 双船体的Envision v. to imagine what a situation will be like in the future Expedition n. an organized journey with a particular purpose, esp. to find outabout a place that is not well known 探险Fancy n. sth. that you imagine; your imaginationFatal adj. causing or ending in deathFidgeting adj. nervousHide n. an animals skin, esp. when it is bought or sold or used for leather Hippopotamus n. a large heavy African animal with thick dark skin and short legs thatlives in rivers and lakes 河马Hitchhike v. to travel by asking for free rides in other people’s cars Iceland n. an island country in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle 冰岛共和国Indisputable adj. definitely true; impossible to question or argue with Intellectual n. a person who is well educated and enjoys activities in which theyhave to think seriously about things 知识分子; ~ circles 知识分子圈; 知识界Irresistible adj. so attractive that you find impossible to refuseLava n. hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano 熔岩League n. a group of people, or nations who have combined for a particularpurposeManufacture v. to produce a substanceManuscript n. a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printed Marshall n. (AmE) (in the US) an officer whose job is to carry out court orders Mast n. a tall pole on a boat or ship that supports the sails 桅杆。

现代大学英语精读2Unit 1Accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievementAcquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own workArrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important wayArt n. art, music, theatre, literature, etc. when you think of them as a group(统称) 艺术; fine ~ 美术Aspirin n. 阿司匹林（解热镇痛药）Assume v. to take as a fact; to supposeAvailable adj. able to be used or easily foundAverage v. to calculate the average of sth. ; ~ out 其平均数为Beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin personBull n. a male cowCertify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of testCivilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced cultureClient n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organizationContain v. to have sth. Inside or as part of itContinuity n. the state of being continuousCyanide n. 氰化物Democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involvedin making important decisions 民主的Disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage orsuffering. Here: a complete failureDrugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things)Employ v. (here) to spend time doing sth.Enroll v. to officially arrange to join a school or universityEssence n. the most important quality or feature of sth.; in ~ 本质上Expertise n. skill in a particular fieldExpose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about new beliefs, ideas, etc. Faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or collegeFragment n. a small piece of sth.Generate v. to produceGrind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfacesHip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legsHumanity n. the qualities of being humanImplicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地Incompetence n. lack of the skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done 无能Inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoidIntellect n. power of thought 思维能力Invent v. to produce or design sth. that has not existed beforeLiteral adj. in the basic meaning of a wordMaintain v. to continue to have as beforeNeanderthal n. an early type of human being who lived in Europe during the Stone Age Nevertheless adv. in spite of that; yetPeculiar adj. belonging only to a particular person; special; oddPenetrating adj. showing the ability to understand things clearly and deeplyPest n. (infml) an annoying personPharmacy n. a shop where medicines are prepared and sold. Here: the study of preparing drugsor medicinesPhilosophy n. the study of the nature and meaning of existence, reality, etc. 哲学Physicist n. a scientist who studies physics 物理学家Pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole; ~ grinding 药剂碾磨Preside v. to lead; to be in charge; ~ over 主持Professional adj. relating to the work that a person does for an occupation, esp. work that requiresspecial trainingPursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined waypush-button adj. using computers or electronic equipment rather than traditional methods qualified adj. having suitable knowledge or experience for a particular jobraise v. (AmE) to care for a child or young animal until it is able to take care of itselfrear v. to care for a person or an animal until they are fully grownresources n. possessions in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you have 资源savage n. an uncivilized human beingscroll n. Here: a certificate of an academic degreesemester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in American high schools and universities (=term in BrE)sensitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literatureshudder v. to shake uncontrollably for a momentskill n. particular ability or type of abilityspecialize v. to limit all or most of one's study to particular subjects specialist 专家species n. (infml) a type; a sortspecimen n. (here) a person who is unusual in some way and has a quality of a particular kind spiritual adj. related to your spirit rather than to your body or mindstore v. to keepstuck adj. not knowing what to do in a particular situation; be ~ for 因为……而不知所措suffice v. to be enoughunaided adj. without help from anyone or anything 独立的Unit 5Advocate v. to support an idea or a plan publiclyAmusement n. enjoymentAntique adj. being old and therefore valuableAutomatic adj. Automatic Teller Machine(ATM) 自动取款机Battlefield n. a place where a battle is being fought or has been fought 战场Bicentennial n. the day or year exactly 200 years after a particular eventBriefing n. a meeting or document in which people receive information or instructions; news ~ 新闻发布会Burst n. a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that often starts suddenly Cabinet n. a piece of furniture with doors, shelves or drawers for storing things; medicine ~药橱Carriage n. a wheeled vehicle, especially a private horse-drawn vehicleCD n. abbr. for “compact disk,” a small disk on which sound or information is recorded Checkerboard n. a board on which chess and checkers are played, divided into 64 squares of twoalternating colors 棋盘，方格图案Classic adj. accepted or deserving to be accepted as one of the best or most important of its kind 经典的Compress v. to force into less space 压缩Condense v. to put into a smaller or shortened form 紧缩; 缩小Confederate adj. belonging to a political union of states; the Confederate army美国内战时期的南方军队Consist v. ~ of : to be formed from the things or people mentioned 由……组成Constantly adv. (AmE) all the time; repeatedly 始终; 一直地Convenience n. the condition of being suitable to one's needs and easy to reachCredit n. ~ card : a small plastic card that you can use to buy goods or services and pay forthem later 信用卡Current adj. (AmE) of the present time; ~ events 时事Defer v. to delay until a later dateDiet n. a limited range and amount of food you eat when you want to get thinnerDigest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from a book, report, etc.文摘Dots n. (pl.) small round marks 小点Excerpt n. a short piece of writing, music, film, etc. taken from a longer wholeExit n. a way out of a public building or vehicleExplore v. to travel to or around an area in order to learn about itEyewitness n. a person who has seen a crime, accident, etc. and can describe it afterwards 目击证人Fax v. to transmit (printed matter or an image) by electronic means 发传真Featureless adj. uninteresting, without noticeable featuresFix n. (imfml) a solution to a problem esp. an easy or temporary one; quick ~即时解决方案Flash v. to pass very quicklyGorgeous adj. (infml) very beautiful or attravtiveGratification n. satisfactionGratify v. to please or satisfyGuaranteed adj. be ~ to: to be certain toHerd n. a group of animals of one kind which lives and feeds togetherIceberg n. a large piece of ice floating in the sea, most of which is below the surfaceIgnore v. not to take notice ofInfect v. to pass on a disease to sb.; to corruptInterstate n. a very wide road for long distance between US statesLakeside n. the area around the edge of a lakeLane n. the two or three parallel areas on a main road which are divided by painted lines to keep fast and slow traffic apart; the fast ~ 快车道Latest adj. the most recent or newest 最新的Lifestyle n. the way a person or a group of people lives and worksLinger v. to stay a little longer because you do not want to leave; ~ over 徘徊于……Liposuction n. the removal of fat from sb's body by means of suction 脂肪抽吸(术)Microwave n. a high-frequency electromagnetic wave 微波(炉)Miracle n. (infml) an event that cannot be explained according to the laws of nature; ~ diet速效减肥食谱Mph n. abbr. for miles per hourOutlet n. a shop through which products are sold; here: （工厂附设的）门市部Overnight adv. during the night; (here infml) suddenlyPastoral adj. typical of the simple peaceful life in the country 田园风光的Paycheck n. a salary checkPennsylvania n. a state of the eastern United Statas 宾夕法尼亚州Polaroid n. a trademark 宝丽来(一次成像的照相机)predigested adj. (of information) put in a simple form 经过简化、压缩的quality adj. of a high standard; ~ time (尤指和孩子一起度过的)宝贵时光; 优质时间rack n. 货架; off the ~ (AmE) 现成的rear n. ~-view mirror: a mirror in which a driver can see the traffic behind 后视镜reduce v. to make sth. less or smaller in size; be ~d to 缩小成……refresh v. to make sb. feel less tired or less hotrevitalize v. to put new strength and power intoroute n. the way from one place to another on a mapsalad n. a mixture of raw vegetables or fruitscale n. an instrument for weighting people or things 秤scenery n. natural surroundings in beautiful and open countryscreen n. the surface of a computer display 电脑屏幕skim v. to move through (life) quickly, hardly touching the surfaceslide v. to pass by quietly without being noticed; ~ by 溜过去speed v. to make sth. move or happen faster; ~ out of control 疯狂加速到失去控制spicy adj. (food) having a pleasantly strong taste 辛辣的stuff v. (infml) to fill a container or space with sth.; (here) to eat a lot of food or too much food subtle adj. hardly noticeable unless you pay careful attention微妙的superficially adv. on the surface; not deeply or thoroughlysupermarket n. a large shop where a customer can choose from a large number of different kinds of food or other goodssymbolically adv. Relating to, or expressed by means of symbols 象征性地symphony n. a musical work for a large group of instruments 交响乐theme n. a short simple tune that is repeated and developed in a piece of music 乐曲主题tour v. to visit for pleasureturnpike n. (AmE) a large road for fast traffic, esp. one that drivers have to pay to use 收费公路urge n. a strong wish for sth.VCR n. abbr. for video cassette recorder 录像机Version n. a slightly different form of sth. (book, film, story, etc.) form the original 版本Wander v. to walk slowly without a purposeWest Virginia n. a state of the western United States 西弗吉尼亚州Unit 6Abandon v. to leave a person, a thing or place, esp. because it is impossible to stay with theperson or stay at the placeAccumulation n. the state of getting more and more of sth. over a period of timeAttached adj. full of affection for sb./sth.Attachment n. a strong feeling of affection for sb./sth.; form ~ 产生感情Barbed-wire adj. of wire having a barb or barbs 带刺铁丝的Binoculars n. an instrument, like two small telescopes fixed together, that makes objects that are far away seem nearer when you look through it 双筒望远镜Blissful adj. extremely happyBrim v. (of a cup, container, etc.) to be so full of a liquid that it flows over the edge; ~ over 溢出Bug n. (esp. AmE) any small insectCarve v. to write sth. on a surface by cutting it; ~d stone 石雕Castle n. ancient ~ 古城堡Cathedral n. the main church of a district of a district under the care of a Bishop (= a priest ofhigh rank)Clumsily adv. of lacking physical coordination, skill, or grace; awkwardly 笨拙地Dangle v. to hang or swing freely; ~ from one’s neck 在……脖子上挂着Definitely adv. a way of emphasizing sth. that is true and that there is no doubt about itDense adj. containing a lot of people, things, plants, etc. with little space between them茂密的，浓密的Ease n. the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable; put sb. at~ 使舒适; 使感到自在Echo v. to repeat (a sound) by the reflection of sound waves from a surface发出回声; 起反响，起共鸣Familiarity n. the state of knowing sb. or sth. wellFascinated adj. very interestedFellow adj. used to describe sb. who is the same as you in some way; ~ students 同学Fortress n. a building or place that has been strengthened and protected from attackFossil n. the remains of an animal or plant which have become hard and turned into rock Frail adj. physically weak and thinFront v. to serve as a front for 装饰……的正面; glass- ~ed case 以玻璃罩面的书柜Gamekeeper n. a person whose job is to take care of the wild animals on a piece of private land猎场看守人Glimpse v. to see sb./sth. for a moment, but not very clearlyGlow v. to shine with a soft color; ~ pinkly 发出粉红色的光Hike v. to go for a long walk in the countryHoly adj. important in a religious sense 神圣的Identify v. to recognize sb./sth. and be able to say who or what they areIllustration n. a drawing or picture in a book, magazine, etc., esp. one that explains sth. Immense adj. extremely large or greatInsect n. any small creature with six legs and a body divided into three parts Instinctively adv. by instinctInvisible adj. cannot be seenIvory n. a hard yellowish-white substance like bone that forms the long teeth of elephants and some other animals; figures of ~ 象牙雕刻的人物Impenetrable adj. impossible to be entered, passed through or seen through 难以渗透的Inclined adj. tending to do sth.; less ~ to laugh 不喜欢笑; 不想笑Laurel n. a bush with dark smooth shiny leaves that remain on the bush and stay greenthrough the year 月桂树Legacy n. a situation that exists now because of events, actions that took place in the past遗留的东西，遗产Major adj. large or importantMunch v. to eat sth. steadily and noisily, esp. sth. crispyNetwork n. a complicated system of roads, lines, tubes, nerves, etc. that cross each other;a ~ of paths 交织的小路Nickname n. an informal, often humorous, name for a person 绰号Odds and ends n. (infml) small items that are not valuables or are not part of a largest set 零星物件Overseas adv. to or in a foreign country; go ~ 出国Patchwork n. a thing that is made up of many different pieces or parts 拼成的图案或其他物件Pheasant n. a large bird with a long tail, the male of which is brightly colored 野鸡Pillar n. a large stone, metal or wooden post that is used to support a bridge, the roof of abuildingPotential n. the possibility of sth. happening 潜在性，可能性Practically adv. almost, very nearlyPrivate adv. opposite of public, enjoyed only by a particular person or a group, not foreveryone; ~paradise 僻静的天地Proceed v. to move or travel in a particular directionProperty n. land and the building on it 房地产Regarding prep. Concerning sb./sth.Rewarding adj. worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it useful or important;~ friendship 使人受益匪浅的友谊Roam v. to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction;~ the woods 林间散步Rocket v. to move very fast; ~ off 突然飞出去Rustle v. to make sounds like leaves or paper moving or rubbing together发出树叶的沙沙声Seemingly adv. in a way that appears to be true but may in fact not be; ~ different 貌似不同Shortbread n. (BrE, also shortcake) a rich crispy biscuit/cookie made with flour, sugar, and a lot of butter 黄油甜酥饼干Soccer n. (AmE) footballSoul n. a person’s inner character containing true thoughts and feelingsSting v. (strung, strung) to hurt or make sth. hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a short time;~ one’s eyes 刺眼Surround v. to be around sth./sb. on every sideSuspect v. to think that sth. is probably true or likely to happenTart n. an open pie filled with sweet food such as fruit; jam ~ 果酱派Tome n. (fml) a large heavy book, esp. one dealing with a serious topicTrespass v. to enter land or a building that you do not have the permission or the right to Trunk n. the thick main stem of a treeTutor v. to teachTwitter n. a series of short high sounds that birds makeVaulted adj. made in the shape of an arch or a series of arches; having a ceiling or roof of thisshape 拱形的Verge v. to be very close to a placeWary adj. careful when dealing with sb./sth. because you think that there may be a danger or problemWell n. a deep hole in the ground from which people obtain water; ~of knowledge知识的源泉Wistful adj. thinking sadly about sth. that you would like to have, esp. sth. in the past that you can no longer haveWoodland n. an area of land that is covered with treesWow n. (infml) exclamation used to express great surprise or admirationWrench v. to pull or twist suddenly and violentlyUnit 10Absorb v. to take in a liquid, gas or other substance from the surface or space aroundAD abbr. (AmE) used in the Christian calendar to show a particular number of year sincethe year Christ was believed to have been born 公元Bakery n. a place where bread is made/soldBand n, a group of people who do sth. togetherBay n. a part of the sea, or of a large lake, enclosed by a wide curve of the shoreBeetle n. an insect, often large and black, with a hard case on its back covering its wings Board v. to get on a ship, train, plane, bus, etc.Branch v. ~ out: to divide into more partsClatter n. a series of loud short noises when a hard object hits against another one on surface Cloudburst n. a sudden heavy rain 倾盆大雨Cluster v. to come together in a small group of groupsCollapse v. to fall down or fall in suddenlyColumn n. a tall, solid, vertical post, usu. round and made of stoneCram v. to push sb./sth. into a small placeCrater v. a large hole in the top of a volcanoCrouch v. to lower your body close to the ground by bending your legs under you Descend v. to come or go down from a higher level to a lower oneDoom n. death or destructionDrift v. to move along smoothly or slowly in water or airErupt v. to emerge violently from restraint or limits; to explode from the volcano Explosion n. the sudden violent bursting and the loud noise of sth.Flee v. (fled, fled) to leave a person or a place very quicklyGraze v. (of cow, sheep) to eat grass growing in a field, pasture, etc.Harbor n. an area of water on the coast, protected from the open sea by strong walls, whereships can stayHoof n. the hard part of the foot of some animals, e.g. horsesHuddle v. (of people or animals) to gather closely togetherHurl v. to throw violently in a particular directionInn n. (AmE) a small hotelIntact adj. complete and not damagedJar n. a round container with a lid used for storing food, etc.; wine ~ 酒缸Loaf n. (pl. loaves) an amount of bread that has been shaped and baked in one piece Mediterranean adj. of the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea 地中海的Mighty adj. very strong and powerfulMonoxide n. 一氧化物Nightmare n. an experience that is very frightening and unpleasantOverwhelm v. to cover sb./sth. completelyPerish v. to be lost or destroyedPoisonous adj. causing death or illness if swallowed or absorbed into the bodyPriest n. a person who is qualified to perform religious duties or ceremoniesProsperous adj. rich and successfulPumice n. a type of grey stone that comes from volcanoes and is very light in weight Quick-witted adj. mentally alert and sharp 头脑敏捷的Reverberate v. if a sound reverberates, it is repeated many times as it hits two opposite surfaces Sack n. a large bag with no handles made of rough strong materialSavage adj. fierce and violentShatter v. to suddenly break into small piecesShepherd n. a person whose job is to take care of sheepShimmer v. to cover or hide sth. n. sth. that hides or covers sth.slate n. a small sheet of dark grey stone, used in the past in schools for children to write on stumble v. to hit your foot against sth. while walking or runningsummit n. the highest point of sth.thicken v. to become thicker or make sth. thickerthrong n. a long piece of wood with a flame at one end that is used as a lighttrample v. to step heavily on sb./sth. so that you crush or harm themVesuvius n. an active volcano of southern Italy on the eastern shore of the Bay of Naples;Mount ~ 维苏威山Victim n. a person who has been attacked, injured, or killed as the result of a crime, adisease, an accident, etc. 受害者Villa n. a house where people stay on holiday/vacationV olcanic adj. (AmE) caused or produced by a volcano; ~ash 火山灰Yawn v. to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usu. because you aretired or boredUnit 12Adroit adj. skillful and clever, esp. in dealing with peopleAgony n. extreme physical or mental painAmbassador n. an official who lives in a foreign country as the seniorAnticipate v. to expect sth.Apply v. to be relevant to a particular person or thing 适用于Blow v. ~ off steam 发泄怒气Blunder v. to make a stupid or careless mistakeBoil v. ~ with anger 怒火中烧; 异常气愤Bristle v. ~ with sth.: to have a large amount of sth., or to be full of sth.Broadsword n. a large sword with a broad flat bladeBurial n. the act or ceremony of putting a dead body into a grave; ~ permit 埋葬许可证Capture v. to catch a person or an animal and keep them as a prisoner or in an enclosed space Cavalry n. the part of the army that fought on horses (旧时的) 骑兵Charity n. kindness and sympathy toward other peopleCondemn v. to express very strong disapproval of sb./sth.Confucius n. a famous Chinese philosopher 孔子Decay v. if a building or an area decays, its condition slowly becomes worseDeft adj. (of a person’s movement) skillful and quickDeluge v. to flood a place with waterDetailed adj. giving many details and a lot of informationDiplomatic adj. having or showing skill in dealing with people in different situation灵活的; 有外交手腕的Disappiontment n. sadness because sth. expected has not happened; bitter ~ 极大的失望Distressed adj. upset and anxiousDuel n. a formal fight with weapons between two people, used in the past to settle aquarrel 决斗Exhaustive adj. very thorough; looking at every detailFutile adj. having no effort or achieving nothingGettysburg n. a town of southern Pennsylvania in the US 葛底斯堡Hasty adj. acting or deciding in a hurry, because you do not have much timeHeaven-sent adj. 上天所赐的; ~ opportunity 天赐良机Hereafter adv. (AmE) (in legal documents, etc.) in the rest of this documentIllinois n. a state of the north-central United States 伊利诺伊州Impair v. to damage sb. or make sth. worseImpassable adj. (of a road, an area etc.) impossible to travel on or through; ~ river (水流湍急)不能通过的河流Incompetent adj. not having the ability or skill to do sth.Indiana n. a state of the north-central United States 印第安纳州Indignation n. a feeling of anger and surprise caused by sth. that is unfair or unreasonable Indulge v. to allow oneself to have or to do sth. that one like, esp. sth. that is considered badfor oneselfInsult v. to say or do sth. that offends sb.Invaluable adj. extremely valuable or usefulJournal n. a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession Lashing n. an act of hitting sb. with a whip as a punishment 鞭打; tongur- ~ 斥责; 谴责Leap v. to jump high or a long way; ~ on one’s horse 跳上马Magnitude n. the great size, importance, or effort of sth.Malice n. a feeling of hatred for sb. that causes a desire to harm sb.Maneuver v. to control or influence a situation in a skillful but sometimes dishonest way使用花招或谋略Mississippi n. ~ River 密西西比河Motivate v. to be the reason why sb. does sth. or behaves in a particular wayMush n. a soft thick mass or mixture 糊状物Opponent n. a person that you are playing or fighting against in a game, competition, argument, etc. Pierce v. to make a hole; to be ~d with 突然看到刺目的强光或听到刺耳的尖叫声Point-blank adv. in a very firm and direct way, usu. not very polite; refuse ~ 断然拒绝Politician n. a person whose job is concerned with politics, esp. as an elected member of aparliament, etc.Procrastinate v. to delay doing sth. you should do, usu. because you do not want to do itProlong v. to make sth. last longer; ~ indefinitely 无限延长Proofreader n. sb. who reads sth. written or printed and marks any mistakes so that they can becorrectedRecede v. to move gradually away from a previous positionRegulate v. to control sth. by means of rulesRestraint n. the act of controlling or limiting sth. because it is necessary or sensible to do so Retain v. to keep sth. or to continue to have sth.Retreat v. to move away from a place or an enemy because of dangerRidicule v. to try to make sb./sth. look silly by making fun of them in an unkind way Sandbar n. a raised area of sand in a river that sticks out of the water slightly 沙洲Savagely adv. severelyScold v. to criticize sb. severely and angrily because they have done sth. wrongSecond n. an official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boozing match(拳击比赛或旧时决斗中的) 助手Standpoint n. a point of view or a way of thinking about ideas or situationSwollen adj. containing more water than normalTact n. the ability to deal with difficult or embarrassing situations carefully and withoutdoing or saying anything that will annoy or upset other people 老练; 圆滑Test pilot n. a pilot whose job is to fly aircraft in order to test their performance 飞行员Tragically adv. sadlyTrap n. a piece of equipment used for catching animals; (here) an unpleasant situation from which it is hard to escapeUnleash v. to set strong feelings or forces etc. free and allow them to act with full forceVain adj. too proud of your own appearance, abilities or achievements 爱虚荣的Victorious adj. having won a victory 得胜的Unit 13Academy n. an official organization which aims at encouraging and development art, literature, science, etc. 研究院; 学会Account n. on sb.’s ~ 为了某人的缘故, 相当于for sb.’s sakeAllowance n. an amount of money that is given to sb. regularly or for a particular purpose Artfully adv. in a clever or designed wayAscend v. to go upBalloon n. a bag made of very thin rubber that becomes larger and rounder when you fill itwith air or gasBanister n. the posts and rail at the side of a staircase 楼梯栏杆Blueprint n. a detailed plan for doing sth. new; a drawing that shows how to build sth. or make a machine 蓝图Blurt v. to say sth. suddenly and without thinking carefully; ~ out 脱口而出Breadstick n. a long, thin, often crisp piece of breadBushman n. 澳大利亚的丛林土著人Cabin n. a room in a ship; ~ boy 船舱服务员Cable n. 电报(注: 此词由“海底电缆”引申而来, 现在已经不再使用, 而用“telegram”代替) Cannibal n. a person who eats human flesh 食人者; 吃人生番(注意这种带有侮辱性的字眼) Charred adj. burnt and blackCharter v. to rent/hire a plane, boat, etc. for your own use 包租(飞机、船等)Cocky adj. too confident about yourself in a way that annoys other peopleComet n. a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail 彗星Confirm v. to make you feel sure that your idea or belief is right or true; ~ sb.’s desire使其更加坚信他的愿望是对的Convertible adj. being able to be changed to a different form or useCoral n. 珊瑚; ~ beads 珊瑚珠Correspondent n. (AmE) a person who reports news from a particular country or on a particularsubject for a newspaper, radio, or televisionCramp n. a sudden pain you get when the muscles in a particular part of your body tighten,usu. caused by cold or too much exercise 抽筋Credit v. ~ sb. with sth.: to say that sb. is responsible for a certain achievement将某事归功于某人Delegate v. to choose sb. to do sth. for you or to represent youDeprive v. ~ sb. of sth. to prevent sb. from having or doing sth. 剥夺某人的(权力) Double-hulled adj. 双船体的Envision v. to imagine what a situation will be like in the futureExpedition n. an organized journey with a particular purpose, esp. to find out about a place thatis not well known 探险Fancy n. sth. that you imagine; your imaginationFatal adj. causing or ending in deathFidgeting adj. nervousHide n. an animals skin, esp. when it is bought or sold or used for leather Hippopotamus n. a large heavy African animal with thick dark skin and short legs that lives inrivers and lakes 河马Hitchhike v. to trav el by asking for free rides in other people’s carsIceland n. an island country in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle 冰岛共和国Indisputable adj. definitely true; impossible to question or argue withIntellectual n. a person who is well educated and enjoys activities in which they have to thinkseriously about things 知识分子; ~ circles 知识分子圈; 知识界Irresistible adj. so attractive that you find impossible to refuseLava n. hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano 熔岩League n. a group of people, or nations who have combined for a particular purpose Manufacture v. to produce a substanceManuscript n. a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printedMarshall n. (AmE) (in the US) an officer whose job is to carry out court ordersMast n. a tall pole on a boat or ship that supports the sails 桅杆Matter-of-fact adj. said or done without showing any emotion, esp. in a situation in which youwould expect sb. to express sb. to express his/her feelings 不动感情的; 据实的Minister n. a high officer of state appointed to head an executive or administrativedepartment of government; prime ~ 首相; 总理Missile n. guided ~ 导弹Musketeer n. (AmE) a soldier who uses a musket 火枪手Neglect n. the act of not giving enough attention or care to sb. or sth.Neon n. a gas that shines brightly when electricity flows through it; ~ lights 氖气灯; 霓虹灯Obtain v. to get sth. you want or need esp. with an effort; to acquireOmelet n. a hot dish of eggs mixed together and fried, often with cheese, meat, vegetables,etc. added 煎蛋卷。

Unit 1Text A Another School Year—What For?Part 1 BackgroundⅠ. About the author: John Ciardi (1916-1986)A. His life:◆a child of Italian immigrants, Boston◆Began his career teaching English at the University of Kansas City◆Joined the US Air Force in 1942, served as a gunner in fighter planes◆went on to teach at Harvard University in 1946◆in 1953 accepted a position at Rutgers University◆in 1961, gave up teaching and devoted himself to his own literary endeavorsB. His influence:◆Poet, translator, etymologist◆Major works:➢First book of poems, Homeward to America, 1940➢Other Skies, focusing on his war-time experience, 1947➢How Does a Poem Mean, a standard textbook for high school and college poetry courses ➢Translation of Dante’s Divine Comedy (The Inferno, 1954; The Purgatorio, 1961; The Paradiso, 1970)◆Influence:➢ A very popular poet➢Poetry editor of Saturday Review from 1956 to 1972➢Fellow of the National Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member and former president of the National Institute of Arts and LettersII. Genre◆Orientation speechperiod of time at the beginning of the academic year at a university during which a variety of events are held to orient and welcome new students. The orientation helps new students to organize their classes, acclimate to student life, and introduce themselves to other new students. Speeches are often given at orientation by presidents or acclaimed professors of the university.◆Audience: College freshmen◆Style: colloquial, familiar; first humorous, mildly sarcastic; later serious and earnestPart 2 Word Study1．accomplishment n.①achievement 成就；成绩Books are man’s peculiar accomplishment. (para.12) 书本是人类特有的成就。

现代大学英语精读2Unit 1Accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievementAcquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own workArrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important wayArt n. art, music, theatre, literature, etc. when you think of them as a group (统称) 艺术;fine ~ 美术Aspirin n.阿司匹林（解热镇痛药）Assume v. to take as a fact; to supposeAvailable adj. able to be used or easily foundAverage v. to calculate the average of sth. ; ~ out 其平均数为Beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin personBull n. a male cowCertify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of testCivilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced cultureClient n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organizationContain v. to have sth. Inside or as part of itContinuity n.the state of being continuousCyanide n. 氰化物Democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的Disaster n.a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failureDrugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things)Employ v. (here) to spend time doing sth.Enroll v.to officially arrange to join a school or universityEssence n.the most important quality or feature of sth.; in ~ 本质上Expertise n. skill in a particular fieldExpose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about new beliefs, ideas, etc. Faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or collegeFragment n. a small piece of sth.Generate v. to produceGrind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfacesHip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legsHumanity n.the qualities of being humanImplicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地Incompetence n.lack of the skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done 无能In tellect n. power of thought 思维能力Invent v. to produce or desig n sth. that has not existed beforeLiteral adj. in the basic meaning of a wordMain tai n v. to continue to have as beforeNea nderthal n. an early type of huma n being who lived in Europe duri ng the Stone Age Nevertheless adv. in spite of that; yetPeculiar adj. bel onging only to a particular pers on; special; oddPen etrat ing adj. show ing the ability to un dersta nd things clearly and deeplyPest n. (in fml) an annoying pers onPharmacy n. a shop where medici nes are prepared and sold. Here: the study of prepari ngdrugs or medic inesPhilosophy n. the study of the n ature and meaning of existe nee, reality, etc哲学Physicist n. a scie ntist who studies physics 物理学家Pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole; ~ grinding 药剂碾磨Preside v. to lead; to be in charge; ~ over 主持Professi onal adj. relat ing to the work that a pers on does for an occupati on, esp. work that requires special trai ningPursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined waypush-butt on adj. using computers or electr onic equipme nt rather tha n traditi onal methods qualified adj. hav ing suitable kno wledge or experie nee for a particular jobraise v. (AmE) to care for a child or young animal until it is able to take care of itselfrear v. to care for a pers on or an ani mal un til they are fully grow nresources n. possessi ons in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you hav资源savage n. an un civilized huma n beingscroll n. Here: a certificate of an academic degreesemester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in America n high schools and universities (=term in BrE)sen sitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literatureshudder v. to shake uncon trollably for a mome ntskill n. particular ability or type of abilityspecialize v. to limit all or most of one's study to particular subjects specialist 专家species n. (in fml) a type; a sortspecime n n. (here) a pers on who is unu sual in some way and has a quality of a particular kind spiritual adj. related to your spirit rather tha n to your body or mindstore v. to keepstuck adj. not knowing what to do in a particular situation; be ~ for 因为... 而不知所措suffice v. to be eno ughadj. without help from anyone or anything 独立的Un it 5Advocate v. to support an idea or a pla n publiclyAmuseme nt n. enjoyme ntAn tique adj. being old and therefore valuableAutomatic adj. Automatic Teller Machine (ATM)自动取款机Battlefield n. a place where a battle is being fought or has bee n fought 战场Bice ntennial n. the day or year exactly 200 years after a particular eve ntBriefi ng n. a meet ing or docume nt in which people receive in formatio n or in struct ions; n ews ~新闻发布会Burst n. a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that often starts suddenly Cabinet n. a piece of furniture with doors, shelves or drawers for storing things; medicine ~ 药橱Carriage n. a wheeled vehicle, especially a private horse-draw n vehicleCD n. abbr. for “ compact disk, ” dk smawdh sound or information is recorded Checkerboard n. a board on which chess and checkers are played, divided in to 64 squares of two alternati ng colors棋盘，方格图案Classic adj.accepted or deserv ing to be accepted as one of the best or most importa nt of its kind经典的Compress v. to force into less space 压缩Condense v. to put into a smaller or shorte ned form 紧缩;缩小Con federate adj. bel onging to a political union of states; the Con federate army美国内战时期的南方军队Con sist v. ~ of : to be formed from the things or people mentioned 由.... 组成Con sta ntly adv. (AmE) all the time; repeatedly 始终;一直地Convenience n. the con diti on of being suitable to on e's n eeds and easy to reachCredit n. ~ card : a small plastic card that you can use to buy goods or services and pay for them later信用卡un aidedCurre nt adj. (AmE) of the prese nt time; ~ eve nts 日寸事Defer v. to delay un til a later dateDiet n. a limited range and amount of food you eat whe n you want to get thinnerDigest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from a book, report, etc.文摘Dots n. (pl.) small round marks 小点Excerpt n. a short piece of writ ing, music, film, etc. take n from a Ion ger wholeExit n. a way out of a public buildi ng or vehicleExplore v. to travel to or around an area in order to lear n about itEyewit ness n. a person who has seen a crime, accident, etc. and can describe it afterwards击证人Fax v. to tran smit (pri nted matter or an image) by electro nic means 发传真Featureless adj. unin terest ing, without no ticeable featuresFix n. (imfml) a soluti on to a problem esp. an easy or temporary one; quick ~即时解决方案Flash v. to pass very quicklyGorgeous adj. (in fml) very beautiful or attravtiveGratificati on n. satisfacti onGratify v. to please or satisfyGuara nteed adj. be ~ to: to be certa in toHerd n. a group of ani mals of one kind which lives and feeds togetherIceberg n. a large piece of ice float ing in the sea, most of which is below the surfaceIgnore v. not to take no tice ofInfect v. to pass on a disease to sb.; to corruptIn terstate n. a very wide road for long dista nee betwee n US statesLakeside n. the area around the edge of a lakeLane n. the two or three parallel areas on a main road which are divided by pain ted lines to keep fast and slow traffic apart; the fast ~ 快车道Latest adj. the most rece nt or n ewest 最新的Lifestyle n. the way a pers on or a group of people lives and worksLin ger v. to stay a little Ion ger because you do not want to leave; ~ over 徘徊于... Liposucti on n. the removal of fat from sb's body by means of suction脂肪抽吸(术)Microwave n. a high-freque ncy electromag netic wave 微波(炉)Miracle n. (in fml) an eve nt that cannot be expla ined accordi ng to the laws of n ature; ~ diet 速效减肥食谱Mph n. abbr. for miles per hourOutlet n. a shop through which products are sold; here:(工厂附设的)门市部Overni ght adv. duri ng the ni ght; (here in fml) sudde nlyPastoral adj. typical of the simple peaceful life in the country 田园风光的Paycheck n. a salary checkPenn sylvan. a state of the eastern Uni ted Stata宾夕法尼亚州niaPolaroid n. a trademark宝丽来（一次成像的照相机）predigested adj. (of in formati on) put in a simple form 经过简化、压缩的quality adj. of a high standard; ~ time尤指和孩子一起度过的）玉贵时光；优质时间rack n. 货架;off the ~ (AmE)现成的rear n. ~-view mirror: a mirror in which a driver can see the traffic beh ind 后视镜reduce v. to make sth. less or smaller in size; be ~d to缩小成 ..refresh v. to make sb. feel less tired or less hotrevitalize v. to put new stre ngth and power intoroute n. the way from one place to ano ther on a mapsalad n. a mixture of raw vegetables or fruitscale n. an instrument for weighting people or things 秤sce nery n. n atural surro undings in beautiful and ope n countryscree n n. the surface of a computer display 电脑屏幕skim v. to move through (life) quickly, hardly touch ing the surfaceslide v. to pass by quietly without being no ticed; ~ by 溜过去speed v. to make sth. move or happe n faster; ~ out of co ntro 疯狂加速至U失去控希9 spicy adj. (food) having a pleasantly strong taste辛辣的stuff v. (in fml) to fill a container or space with sth.; (here) to eat a lot of food or too much food subtle adj. hardly no ticeable uni ess you pay careful atte ntior微妙的superficially adv. on the surface; not deeply or thoroughlysupermarket n. a large shop where a customer can choose from a large nu mber of differe nt kinds of food or other goodsRelati ng to, or expressed by means of symbols象征性地symbolically adv.symph ony n. a musical work for a large group of in strume nts 交响乐theme n. a short simple tune that is repeated and developed in a piece of mus乐曲主题tour v. to visit for pleasureturnpike n. (AmE) a large road for fast traffic, esp. one that drivers have to pay to usel攵费公路urge n. a strong wish for sth.VCR n. abbr. for video cassette recorder^ 像机Versio n n. a slightly different form of sth. (book, film, story, etc.) form the original 版本Wan der v. to walk slowly without a purposeWest Virgi nia n. a state of the wester n Un ited States西弗吉尼亚州Unit 6Abandon v. to leave a person, a thing or place, esp. because it is impossible to stay with the pers on or stay at the placeAccumulati on n. the state of getting more and more of sth. over a period of timeAttached adj.full of affect ion for sb./sth.Attachme nt n. a stro ng feeli ng of affecti on for sb./sth.; form ~ 产生感情Barbed-wireadj.of wire hav ing a barb or barbs 带刺铁丝的Bino culars n. an in strume nt, like two small telescopes fixed together, that makes objects thatare far away seem n earer whe n you look through it 双筒望远镜Blissful adj. extremely happyBrim v. (of a cup, container, etc.) to be so full of a liquid that it flows over the edge; ~ over溢出Bug n. (esp. AmE) any small in sectCarve v. to write sth. on a surface by cutting it; ~d stone石雕Castle n. an cie nt ~古城堡Cathedral n. the main church of a district of a district under the care of a Bishop (= a priest of high rank)Clumsily adv. of lack ing physical coord in atio n, skill, or grace; awkwardly 笨拙地Dan gle v. to hang or swi ng freely; ~ from one 在・nec 脖子上挂着Defini tely adv. a way of emphasiz ing sth. that is true and that there is no doubt about itDen se adj. containing a lot of people, thin gs, pla nts, etc. with little space betwee n themEaseEcho Familiarity Fasci natedFellowFortressFossil Frail Front茂密的，浓密的 n. the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable; put sb. at~使舒适;使感到自在 v. to repeat (a sound) by the reflect ion of sound waves from a surface 发出回声；起反响，起共鸣 n. the state of knowing sb. or sth. well adj. very in terested adj. used to describe sb. who is the same as you in some way; ~ studen 同学 n. a build ing or place that has bee n stre ngthe ned and protected from attack n. the rema ins of an ani mal or pla nt which have become hard and turned into rock adj. physically weak and thinv. to serve as a front for 装饰 ........ 的正面;glass- ~ed case 以玻璃罩面的书柜 Gamekeeper n. a pers on whose job is to take care of the wild ani mals on a piece of private land 猎场看守人 Glimpse v. Glow v. Hike v. Iden tify v. Illustrati on n.Imme nse adj. In sectn. In sti nctively adv In visible adj. Ivoryn. Holy adj. to see sb./sth. for a mome nt, but not very clearlyto shine with a soft color; ~ pinkly 发出粉红色的光 to go for a long walk in the country importa nt in a religious sense 神圣的 to recog nize sb./sth. and be able to say who or what they are a draw ing or picture in a book, magaz ine, etc., esp. one that expla ins sth. extremely large or great any small creature with six legs and a body divided into three parts by in sti net cannot be see n a hard yellowish-white substance like bone that forms the long teeth of elephants and some other animals; figures of ~象牙雕刻的人物 Impe netrable adj. impossible to be en tered, passed through or see n throug h以渗透的 In cli ned adj. tending to do sth.; less ~ to laugh 不喜欢笑; 不想笑 Laurel n. a bush with dark smooth shi ny leaves that rema in on the bush and stay gree n through the year 月桂树 Legacyn. a situatio n that exists now because of eve nts, acti ons that took place in the past 遗留的东西，遗产 Major Munch adj. large or importa ntv. to eat sth. steadily and no isily, esp. sth. crispyNetwork n. a complicated system of roads, li nes, tubes, n erves, etc. that cross each other; a ~ of paths交织的小路Nick name n. an in formal, ofte n humorous, n ame for a pers on 绰号Odds and ends n. (in fml) small items that are not valuables or are not part of a largest se零星物件Overseas adv. to or in a foreign country; go ~ 出国Patchwork n. a thi ng that is made up of many differe nt pieces or parts拼成的图案或其他物件Pheasa nt n. a large bird with a long tail, the male of which is brightly colored 野鸡Pillar n. a large stone, metal or woode n post that is used to support a bridge, the roof of a buildi ngPote ntial n. the possibility of sth. happe ning 潜在性，可冃能性Practically adv. almost, very n earlyPrivate adv. opposite of public, enjo yed only by a particular pers on or a group, not for every one; ~paradise 僻静的天地Proceed v. to move or travel in a particular directi onProperty n. land and the building on it 房地产Regard ing prep. Concerning sb./sth.Rewardi ng adj. worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it useful or importa nt;~ frie ndship使人受益匪浅的友谊Roam v. to walk or travel around an area without any defi nite aim or directi on; ~ thewoods林间散步Rocket v. to move very fast; ~ off 突然飞出去Rustle v. to make sounds like leaves or paper movi ng or rubb ing togethe r 出树叶的沙沙声Seemi ngly adv. in a way that appears to be true but may in fact not be; ~ different 貌似不同Shortbread n. (BrE, also shortcake) a rich crispy biscuit/cookie made with flour, sugar, and a lot of butter黄油甜酥饼干Soccer n. (AmE) footballSoul n. a person ' s inner character containing true thoughts and feelingsSting v. (strung, strung) to hurt or make sth. hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a shorttime; ~ one ' s ey刺眼Surro und v. to be around sth./sb. on every sideSuspectv. to thi nk that sth. is probably true or likely to happe n Tartn. an open pie filled with sweet food such as fruit; jam ~ 果酱派 Tomen. (fml) a large heavy book, esp. one deali ng with a serious topic Trespassv. to en ter land or a build ing that you do not have the permissi on or the right to Trunkn. the thick main stem of a tree Tutorv. to teach Twittern. a series of short high sounds that birds make Vaultedadj. made in the shape of an arch or a series of arches; hav ing a ceili ng or roof of thisshape 拱形的Vergev. to be very close to a place Waryadj. careful whe n deali ng with sb./sth. because you think that there may be a dan ger or problem Welln. a deep hole in the ground from which people obtain water; ~of knowledge 知识的源泉Wistful adj. thinking sadly about sth. that you would like to have, esp. sth. in the past that youcan no Ion ger haveWoodla nd n. an area of land that is covered with treesWow n. (in fml) exclamati on used to express great surprise or admirati onWrenchv. to pull or twist sudde nly and viole ntly Un it 10v. to take in a liquid, gas or other substa nee from the surface or space around abbr. (AmE) used inthe Christia n cale ndar to show a particular nu mber of year since the year Christ was believed to have bee n born 公元n. a place where bread is made/sold n, a group of people who do sth. together n. a part of the sea, or of a large lake, en closed by a wide curve of the shore n. an in sect, ofte n large and black, with a hard case on its back coveri ng its wings v. to get on a ship, train, pla ne, bus, etc. v. ~ out: to divide into more parts n. a series of loud short no ises whe n a hard object hits aga inst ano ther one on surfaceClusterv. to come together in a small group of groups Collapsev. to fall dow n or fall in sudde nly Colum nn. a tall, solid, vertical post, usu. round and made of stone Cramv. to push sb./sth. into a small place Craterv. a large hole in the top of a volca no Cloudburstn. a sudde n heavy rain 倾盆大雨 Absorb ADBakeryBandBayBeetleBoardBranchClatterto lower your body close to the ground by bending your legs un der you to come or go dow n from a higher level to a lower one death or destructi on to move along smoothly or slowly in water or air to emerge violently from restraint or limits; to explode from the volcano the sudde n viole nt burst ing and the loud no ise of sth. (fled, fled) to leave a pers on or a place very quickly (of cow, sheep) to eat grass grow ing in a field, pasture, etc. an area of water on the coast, protected from the ope n sea by strong walls, where ships can stay the hard part of the foot of some ani mals, e.g. horses (of people or an imals) to gather closely together to throw viole ntly in a particular directi on (AmE) a small hotel complete and not damaged a round container with a lid used for storing food, etc.; wine ~ 酒缸 (pl. loaves) an amount of bread that has bee n shaped and baked in one piece of the region surro unding the Mediterra nean Sea 地 中海的 very strong and powerful 一氧化物 an experie nee that is very frighte ning and un pleasa nt to cover sb./sth. completely to be lost or destroyed caus ing death or ill ness if swallowed or absorbed into the body a person who is qualified to perform religious duties or ceremonies rich and successful a type of grey stone that comes from volca noes and is very light in weight men tally alert and sharp 头脑敏捷的 if a sound reverberates, it is repeated many times as it hits two opposite surfaces a large bag with no han dles made of rough strong material fierce and viole nt to sudde nly break into small pieces a pers on whose job is to take care of sheep to cover or hide sth. n. sth. that hides or covers sth. a small sheet of dark grey stone, used in the past in schools for childre n to write on to hit your foot aga inst sth. while walk ing or running the highest point of sth. to become thicker or make sth. thicker a long piece of wood with a flame at one end that is used as a light to step heavily on sb./sth. so that you crush or harm them an active volca no of souther n Italy on the easter n shore of the Bay of Naples; Crouch v. Descend v. Doom n. Drift v. Erupt v. Explosi on n. Flee v. Graze v. Harbor n. Hoof n. Huddle v. Hurl v. Inn n. In tact adj. Jar n. Loaf n. Mediterra nean adj. Mighty adj. Mono xide n. Nightmare n. Overwhelm v. Perish v. Pois onous adj. Priest n. Prosperous adj. Pumice n. Reverberate v. Sack n. Savage adj Shatter v. Shepherd n. Shimmer v. slate n. stumble v. summit n. thicke n v. thro ng n. trample v. Vesuvius n. Quick-witted adj.Mount ~维苏威山Victim n. a person who has been attacked, injured, or killed as the result of a crime, adisease, an accide nt, etc. 受害者Villa n. a house where people stay on holiday/vacatio nVolcan ic adj. (AmE) caused or produced by a volca no; ~ash 火山灰Yaw n v. to ope n your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usu. because you are tired or boredUn it 12Adroit adj. skillful and clever, esp. in dealing with people Agony n. extreme physical or men tal painAmbassador n. an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior An ticipate v. to expect sth.Apply v. to be releva nt to a particular pers on or thi ng 适用于Blow v. ~ off steam发泄怒气Blun der v. to make a stupid or careless mistakeBoil v. ~ with an ger怒火中烧；异常气愤Bristle v.~ with sth.: to have a large amount of sth., or to be full of sth.Broadsword n. a large sword with a broad flat bladeBurial n. the act or cerem ony of putt ing a dead body into a grave; ~ permi埋葬许可证Capture v. to catch a pers on or an ani mal and keep them as a pris oner or in an en closed spaceCavalry n. the part of the army that fought on horses旧时的) 骑兵Charity n. kindn ess and sympathy toward other peopleCondemn v. to express very strong disapproval of sb./sth.Con fucius n. a famous Chin ese philosopher 孑L子Decay v. if a building or an area decays, its condition slowly becomes worseDeft adj. (of a person ' s movement) skillful and quickDeluge v. to flood a place with waterDetailed adj. giving many details and a lot of informationDiplomatic adj. hav ing or show ing skill in deali ng with people in differe nt situati on灵活的；有外交手腕的Disappio ntmen. sad ness because sth. expected has not happe ned; bittefe大的失望ntDistressed adj. upset and an xiousDuel n. a formal fight with weapons between two people, used in the past to settle aquarrel 决斗Exhaustive adj. very thorough; look ing at every detailFutile adj. hav ing no effort or achiev ing nothingGettysburg n. a town of southern Pennsylvania in the US葛底斯堡Hasty adj. acting or decidi ng in a hurry, because you do not have much timeHeave n-sent adj. 上天所赐的；~ opportunity天赐良机Hereafter adv. (AmE) (in legal docume nts, etc.) in the rest of this docume ntIlli nois n. a state of the north-central United States伊利诺伊州Impair v. to damage sb. or make sth. worseImpassable adj. (of a road, an area etc.) impossible to travel on or through; ~ river水流湍急)不能通过的河流In compete nt adj. not hav ing the ability or skill to do sth.In dia na n. a state of the north-ce ntral Uni ted States印第安纳州In dig nati on n. a feeli ng of an ger and surprise caused by sth. that is un fair or un reas on ableIn dulge v. to allow on eself to have or to do sth. that one like, esp. sth. that is con sidered badfor on eselfIn sult v. to say or do sth. that offends sb.Inv aluable adj. extremely valuable or usefulJournal Lash ing n.n.a n ewspaper or magaz ine that deals with a particular subject or professi on an act ofhitti ng sb. with a whip as a puni shme nt 鞭打;ton gur- ~ 斥责; 谴责Leap v. to jump high or a long way; ~ on one 跳上h^rseMagn itude n. the great size, importa nee, or effort of sth.Malice n. a feeli ng of hatred for sb. that causes a desire to harm sb.Man euver v. to con trol or in flue nce a situatio n in a skillful but sometimes dish on est way使用花招或谋略Mississippi n. ~ River密西西比河Motivate v. to be the reas on why sb. does sth. or behaves in a particular wayMush n. a soft thick mass or mixture 糊状物Opponent n. a pers on that you are play ing or fighti ng aga in st in a game, competiti on, argume nt, etc.Pierce v. to make a hole; to be ~d with突然看到刺目的强光或听到刺耳的尖叫声Poin t-bla nk adv. in a very firm and direct way, usu. not very polite; refuse ~ 断然拒绝Politicia n n. a pers on whose job is concerned with politics, esp. as an elected member of aparliame nt, etc.Procrasti nate v. to delay doing sth. you should do, usu. because you do not want to do it Prolo ng v. to make sth. last Ion ger; ~ in defi nitely 无限延长Proofreader n. sb. who reads sth. written or printed and marks any mistakes so that they can be correctedRecede v. to move gradually away from a previous positi onRegulate v. to con trol sth. by means of rulesRestrai nt n. the act of controlling or limiting sth. because it is necessary or sensible to do so Retai n v. to keep sth. or to continue to have sth.Retreat v. to move away from a place or an en emy because of dan gerRidicule v. to try to make sb./sth. look silly by making fun of them in an unkind way Sandbar n. a raised area of sand in a river that sticks out of the water slightly沙洲Savagely adv. severelyScold v. to criticize sb. severely and an grily because they have done sth. wrong Second n. an official atte ndant of a con testa nt in a duel or booz ing match（拳击比赛或旧时决斗中的）助手Sta ndpo int n. a point of view or a way of thinking about ideas or situati onSwolle n adj. containing more water tha n no rmalTact n. the ability to deal with difficult or embarrass ing situati ons carefully and without doing or saying anything that will annoy or upset other people 老练;圆滑Test pilot n. Tragically adv Trap n.Uni eash v. Vai n adj. Victorious adj. a pilot whose job is to fly aircraft in order to test their performa nee 飞行员sadlya piece of equipme nt used for eateh ing ani mals; (here) an un pleasa nt situati on from which it is hard to escapeto set stro ng feeli ngs or forces etc. free and allow them to act with full forcetoo proud of your own appeara nee, abilities or achieveme nts爱虚荣的hav ing won a victory 得胜的Un it 13Academyn. an official orga ni zati on which aims at en couragi ng and developme nt art, literature,scie nee, etc.研究院; 学会Acco unt n. on sb. s为了某人的缘故，相当于for sb. s sakeAllowa nee n. an amount of money that is give n to sb. regularly or for a particular purposeArtfully adv. in a clever or desig ned wayAscend v. to go upBallo on n. a bag made of very thin rubber that becomes larger and rounder when you fill itwith air or gasBani ster n. the posts and rail at the side of a staircase® 梯栏杆Bluepri nt n. a detailed pla n for doing sth. n ew; a draw ing that shows how to build sth. or make amach ine 蓝图Blurt v. to say sth. sudde nly and without thi nking carefully; ~ out 脱口而出Breadstick n. a long, thin, ofte n crisp piece of breadBushma n n. 澳大利亚的丛林土著人Cabi n n. a room in a ship; ~ boy 船舱服务员Cable n. 电报（注：此词由“海底电缆”引申而来现在已经不再使用，而用telegram”代替Canni bal n. a person who eats human flesh食人者；吃人生番（注意这种带有侮辱性的子眼）Charred adj. burnt and blackCharter v. to rent/hire a plane, boat, etc. for your own use包租(飞机、船等)Cocky adj. too con fide nt about yourself in a way that annoys other peopleComet n. a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail彗星Con firm v. to make you feel sure that your idea or belief is right or true; ~ sb.使其更加坚信他的愿望是对的Conv ertible adj. being able to be cha nged to a differe nt form or useCoral n. 珊瑚；~ beads珊瑚珠Corresp ondent n.(AmE) a pers on who reports n ews from a particular country or on a particular subject for a n ewspaper, radio, or televisi onCramp n. a sudde n pain you get whe n the muscles in a particular part of your body tighte n, usu. caused by cold or too much exerciser 由筋Credit v. ~ sb. with sth.: to say that sb. is responsible for a certain achievement将某事归功于某人Delegate Deprivev.v.to choose sb. to do sth. for you or to represe nt you~ sb. of sth. to prevent sb. from having or doing sth.剥夺某人的(权力)Double-hulled adj. 双船体的En visio n v. to imagine what a situation will be like in the futureExpediti on n. an organized journey with a particular purpose, esp. to find out about a place thatis not well known 探险Fancy n. sth. that you imagine; your imaginationFatal adj. caus ing or ending in deathFidgeti ng adj. n ervousHide n. an ani mals skin, esp. whe n it is bought or sold or used for leather Hippopotamus n. a large heavy Africa n ani mal with thick dark sk in and short legs that lives inrivers and lakes 河马Hitchhike v. to travel by asking for free rides in other people ' s carsIcela nd n. an island country in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle 冰岛共和国In disputable adj. definitely true; impossible to question or argue withIn tellectual n. a person who is well educated and enjoys activities in which they have to thinkseriously about things知识分子;~ circles 知识分子圈;知识界Irresistible adj. so attractive that you find impossible to refuseLava n. hot liquid rock that comes out of a volca no 熔岩League n. a group of people, or n ati ons who have comb ined for a particular purpose Manu facture v. to produce a substa neeManu script n. a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has bee n prin tedMarshall n. (AmE) (in the US) an officer whose job is to carry out court ordersMast n. a tall pole on a boat or ship that supports the sails桅杆Matter-of-fact adj. said or done without show ing any emoti on, esp. in a situatio n in which youwould expect sb. to express sb. to express his/her feeling不动感情的；据实的Mi nister n. a high officer of state appo in ted to head an executive or admi nistrativedepartme nt of gover nment; prime ~ 首相;总理Missile n. guided ~ 导弹Musketeer n. (AmE) a soldier who uses a musket 火枪手Neglect n. the act of not giving eno ugh atte nti on or care to sb. or sth.Neon n. a gas that shines brightly when electricity flows through it; ~ lights 氖气灯; 霓虹灯Obtai n v. to get sth. you want or n eed esp. with an effort; to acquire。

现代大学英语精读2Unit 1 Another school year------what for?又是一个新学年——为什么上大学？约翰查尔迪首先，给大家讲讲我教书生涯刚开始的时候经历过的一次失败吧。

那是在1940年的一月，我当时研究生刚毕业，开始在堪萨斯市大学教书。

我的学生中有个瘦高个儿，活像个长着头发的扁豆架支杆。

他走进课堂，坐了下来，双手在胸前交叉着，看了看我，好像在说：好吧，教我些什么吧。

两个礼拜以后，我们开始讲《哈姆雷特》。

又过了三个礼拜，他来到我的办公室，双手叉腰。

“我告诉你，”他说，“我到这里来是为了当个药剂师。

我干嘛要读这些玩意？”说着他用手指了指桌子上我的那本书，因为他自己没有带书来。

我当时虽然是个初出茅庐的新教师，可我也能告诉这位一些理由。

我可以向他指出，他进的不是一所制药学校，而是一所大学。

修满大学课程他就能得到一份证书，上面写着“理学士”，而不是“合格的药剂师”。

这份证书说明他接受过制药的专门训练，同时还说明，他受到过人类文明思想的熏陶。

换言之，他上的不是一所职业技术学校，而是一所大学，学生上大学既要接受职业训练，也要接受人文教育。

我完全可以对他说这些话的，但是很明显，他不会在大学坚持太久，他懂不懂这些道理无关紧要。

尽管如此，我当时很年轻，有很强的责任心，所以就试着这么跟他解释：“你这一辈子，每天大概平均有二十四个小时。

热恋的时候，你会觉得一天的时间短一点，而失恋的时候，则会长一些。

但是平均起来，大致就是这个数。

这其中的八个小时，你基本上是在睡觉。

“每个工作日，你大约需要工作八小时，我希望你会用来做些有用的事情。

假设你修完了制药，或者土木工程、法律或是其他学科的课程，那么在这八小时里，你会使用你的专业技术：在配制阿司匹林的时候，确保里面不掺进氰化物；在搞工程设计的时候，确保牛不会跳进篱笆里；当律师时，就要确保你的委托人不会因为你的无能而坐上电椅。

这些都是非常有用的职业，都需要人们应该尊重的技能，这些技能都能帮助你满足你的基本需求。