小儿急性喉炎的诊断和治疗-文档资料
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小儿急性喉炎病例分析及临床护理体会摘要】小儿呼吸道疾病是很常见的,小儿急性喉炎的发病过程及诊治办法却是困扰大家的难题。
【关键词】喉炎;症状;生命体征;治疗【中图分类号】R473.72 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752(2014)33-0390-01病例:患者刘超,男,10个月,急性喉炎。
入院时间:2014年9月22日12N,T:38℃。
患儿与昨夜突然发热,体温波动于38℃,犬吠样咳嗽,呈阵发性干咳,无痰,声音嘶哑,吸气性喉鸣。
口腔粘膜干燥,咽部充血,双侧扁桃体Ⅱ度肿大,咽腭弓处有多个疱疹。
无腹痛、腹胀、惊厥等其它伴随症状。
治疗:解热、抗炎、抗过敏、解痉,支持对症治疗。
2014年9月22日8Am,复方冬眠灵7mg肌注s.t:1、10%G.S100ml+氨茶碱25mg/V.D,地塞米松5mg么入s.t。
2、10%G.S100ml+N.S50ml+头孢哌酮钠0.8/V.D3、10%G.S80ml+病毒唑75mg /V.D4、10G.S60ml+清开灵8ml/V.D5、10%G.S60ml+N.S30ml+A.T.P40mg+VitC1.0COA100μ+VitB6 50mg/V.D6、10%G.S50ml+10%葡萄糖酸钙10ml/V.D7、10%G.S80 ml+VitK170mg/V.D用N.S30ml、D.x.m5mg、α糜胰蛋白酶5mg 和庆大霉素4万μ行雾化吸入Bid,10min/次。
9月23日8Am治疗:D.x.m3mg么入,余同上。
9月24日8Am治疗:D.x.m2mg么入,余同上。
9月25日8Am治疗:D.x.m1mg么入,余同上。
9月26日8Am,查,患儿病情明显好转,声音宏亮,犬吠样咳嗽及喉鸣音消失,大便正常,咽部无充血,双侧扁桃体无肿大,双肺呼吸变清未闻及干湿性罗音,心率108次/分,律齐,心变有力,腹软,肠鸣音如常。
护理:密切观察病情变化,随时巡视,注意病人呼吸频率及节律变化,神志状态。
小儿急性喉炎可致命切勿大意近来孙女士发现3岁的女儿晶晶有些咳嗽,一开始是女士认为孩子可能是感冒,所以就给孩子喝了一些止咳糖浆,但是没想到半天以后孩子的病情忽然就加重了,甚至出现了呼吸无力、面色苍白、喉部阻塞等情况,而且时不时的还会出现像小狗一样的“空空”咳嗽声。
孙女士当时就吓住了,赶忙领着孩子去医院,后被医院诊断为急性喉炎。
还好,送医及时,孩子没有什么大碍,但还是给孙女士惊出一身汗。
实际上急性喉炎的早期症状与感冒十分相似,所以很多家长朋友们容易混淆,所以绝对不能忽视急性喉炎,否则严重时容易危及生命!小儿急性喉炎是比较常见的疾病。
与成人相比,小儿的身体机能并没有发育完善,而且自身抵抗力比较弱,所以急性喉炎对小儿的危害性很大。
在急性喉炎早期,可能会出现咳嗽、发热等普遍症状,但随着时间的推移,急性喉炎可能会造成喉部痉挛或者喉部梗阻,若严重时,很可能会危及到小儿的生命安全,因此小儿急性喉炎十分危险。
1什么是小儿急性喉炎小儿急性喉炎多见于6个月-3岁的婴幼儿,是以犬吠样咳嗽、声嘶、喉鸣等为主要症状的喉部黏膜急性弥漫性炎症,同时也是急性喉、气管和支气管炎的简称。
小儿急性喉炎大多是病毒和细菌感染而引起,在任何季节均可发生,尤其多见于春秋季节。
2小儿急性喉炎的危害小儿急性喉炎的危害性比较大,严重时容易危及小儿生命。
总的来说,小儿急性咽喉的危害主要有以下几个方面:第一,喉部痉挛。
在小儿急性喉炎的早期,患儿会出现喉部痉挛的情况,同时还会出现声音嘶哑的问题。
具体来说,患儿会出现阵发性咳嗽的情况,而且这种情况在夜晚更加严重,除了咳嗽外,还可能会出现面部发紫、冒冷汗等情况;第二,呼吸困难。
喉头主要位于咽部以及支气管之间,主要负责人体呼吸,如果这个部位出现肿胀,就会导致喉部阻隔。
由于小儿的气管相对狭小,所以喉梗阻的情况也会逐渐加重,很容易诱发呼吸困难等问题;第三,全身衰竭。
随着小儿急性喉炎的进一步发展,患儿咳嗽以及声音嘶哑的症状也会随之加重,与此同时,喉部痉挛或者喉部梗阻会进一步威胁患儿的健康,从而导致患儿出现昏迷的情况。
小儿急性喉炎病历模板范文英文回答:Acute laryngitis is a common condition in children characterized by inflammation of the larynx, which leads to symptoms such as hoarseness, coughing, and difficulty breathing. This condition is usually caused by viral infections, such as the common cold or flu. In some cases,it can also be caused by bacterial infections or irritants like smoke or chemicals.When a child presents with acute laryngitis, it is important to gather a detailed medical history and performa thorough physical examination. The medical history should include information about the onset and duration of symptoms, any recent illnesses or exposure to irritants,and any previous episodes of laryngitis. The physical examination should focus on evaluating the child'sbreathing pattern, the presence of stridor (a high-pitched sound during inspiration), and the appearance of the throat.In most cases, acute laryngitis is a self-limiting condition that resolves on its own within a week or two. Treatment is mainly supportive and aimed at relieving symptoms. This may include voice rest, humidification of the air, and encouraging the child to drink plenty of fluids. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can be used to alleviate discomfort. If the child has a bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed.In severe cases of acute laryngitis, hospitalization may be required. This is usually reserved for children who have severe respiratory distress or are at risk of developing complications, such as airway obstruction. In these cases, the child may need to be monitored closely and receive treatments such as oxygen therapy orcorticosteroids to reduce inflammation.It is important to educate parents about the condition and provide them with information on how to manage their child's symptoms at home. This may include advising them onthe importance of voice rest, encouraging them to use a humidifier in the child's room, and recommending over-the-counter remedies for symptom relief. It is also importantto inform parents about when they should seek medical attention, such as if their child's symptoms worsen or if they develop difficulty breathing.中文回答:急性喉炎是儿童常见的疾病,其特点是喉咙的炎症,导致声音嘶哑、咳嗽和呼吸困难等症状。